Viral infections evidence library

HIV Infection

A living PubMed evidence library for HIV prevention, antiretroviral therapy, long-acting treatment, resistance, comorbidities, and cure research.

PubMed only Research ranked Conflicts shown Data downloadable

Living evidence synopsis

What the current PubMed collection shows.

Alexandria currently organizes 776 non-retracted PubMed-indexed records for HIV Infection. The structured collection includes 9 guideline or consensus records, 108 evidence syntheses/systematic reviews/meta-analyses, and 114 randomized or phase III studies. 273 records were identified by the configured last-24-month search. Conflict-of-interest statements are available in the PubMed record for 536 of 776 included records.

Engine 0.3.2 Snapshot v14 Updated 2026-10-27 Download source data · CSV

PubMed records776Non-retracted records included

Last 24 months273Records found by the recent-research search

High-priority evidence222Syntheses, reviews, randomized and phase III studies

Effect estimates179Machine-readable values extracted from abstracts

COI statements69.1%Coverage within PubMed records

Funding records266PMIDs with grant/funding metadata

Evidence data

Research landscape

Charts are generated from Alexandria’s structured PubMed records, not copied from journal figures.

Publication activity

Records by publication year

Latest 12 represented years

2002

2018

2020

2021

2022

2023

2024

2025

692

2026

2027

Evidence composition

Study designs

Other or unclassified384

Randomized trials113

Preclinical/laboratory68

Meta-analyses58

Systematic reviews50

Cohort studies26

Prospective cohorts20

Case reports17

Observational studies15

Clinical guidelines9

Transparency

Conflict-of-interest reporting

Reported no conflicts247

Not reported in PubMed record240

COI statement present229

Declared financial/industry relationship60

Absence of a conflict-of-interest statement in PubMed does not establish that no conflict existed.

Abstract result signals

Extracted result direction

Not extractable from abstract697

Harm signal34

Neutral/null signal33

Supportive signal11

Mixed signal1

Reported outcomes

Numerical results extracted from PubMed abstracts

Each value remains attached to its original PMID. Alexandria does not pool these results or imply that unlike populations and endpoints are directly comparable.

Non-pooled ratio measures

Hazard, risk, and odds ratios reported in abstracts

Reference = 1.0

0.250.51.02.04.0

not_reported Odds Ratio · PMID 42446368 · 2026

4.00

not_reported Odds Ratio · PMID 42780501 · 2026

1.00

not_reported Odds Ratio · PMID 41251867 · 2026

2.00

mortality Odds Ratio · PMID 41396046 · 2026

1.93 95% CI 1.05–3.60

not_reported Odds Ratio · PMID 41558587 · 2026

12.00

not_reported Odds Ratio · PMID 41713442 · 2026

1.00

not_reported Odds Ratio · PMID 41789892 · 2026

120.00

not_reported Odds Ratio · PMID 41795223 · 2026

2.40

adverse events Odds Ratio · PMID 41797330 · 2026

2.00

not_reported Hazard Ratio · PMID 41805169 · 2026

2.06 95% CI 1.48–2.86

not_reported Hazard Ratio · PMID 41805169 · 2026

0.65 95% CI 0.44–0.96

not_reported Risk Ratio · PMID 41825916 · 2026

1.37 95% CI 1.10–1.71

not_reported Risk Ratio · PMID 41825916 · 2026

1.45

not_reported Risk Ratio · PMID 41825916 · 2026

2.29 95% CI 1.19–4.40

View extracted numerical results 60

Publication	Outcome	Measure	Reported value	Source
Safety and Immunogenicity of a PD-1-Enhanced HIV-1 Therapeutic DNA Vaccine: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Dose-Escalating Phase I Clinical Trial in People With HIV-1 on Antiretroviral Therapy.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	4.0	PMID 42446368
Euphorbia kansui for latent virus reactivation in people living with HIV on suppressive antiretroviral therapy: A phase 1b/2a clinical trial.Journal of virus eradication · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	1.0	PMID 42780501
A Dual Prevention Pill for HIV & Pregnancy Prevention: A Pilot Study Among Adolescent Girls and Young Women in Zimbabwe.AIDS and behavior · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	2.0	PMID 41251867
The prevalence of HIV among patients with cardiovascular disease in a Tanzanian emergency department: results from a prospective observational study.AIDS care · 2026	mortality	Odds Ratio	1.93 95% CI 1.05–3.6 p < 0.05	PMID 41396046
The prevalence of HIV among patients with cardiovascular disease in a Tanzanian emergency department: results from a prospective observational study.AIDS care · 2026	mortality	Percentage Comparison	37.5percent vs 24.5percent p < 0.05	PMID 41396046
Assessing the impact of nicotinic partial agonists compared to NRT on opioid and cigarette use: A secondary analysis investigating treatment outcomes for co-occurring nicotine and opioid use.Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	12.0	PMID 41558587
Effectiveness of behavioural tobacco cessation interventions with and without pharmacotherapy among people living with HIV in Viet Nam: a three-arm pragmatic randomised controlled trial.The Lancet. Global health · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	1.0	PMID 41713442
Islatravir distribution in plasma, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and mucosal tissues after monthly oral dosing.AIDS (London, England) · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	120.0	PMID 41789892
The impact of accumulating immune adaptation in circulating strains of HIV-1.HIV medicine · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	2.4	PMID 41795223
Safety, Immunovirologic, and Central Nervous System Effects of PD-1 Inhibition in People With HIV Without Malignancy.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026	adverse events	Odds Ratio	2.0	PMID 41797330
Determinants of long-acting cabotegravir plus rilpivirine discontinuation in real-world HIV care: insights from the relativity cohort.AIDS (London, England) · 2026	not_reported	Hazard Ratio	2.06 95% CI 1.48–2.86 P = 0.036	PMID 41805169
Determinants of long-acting cabotegravir plus rilpivirine discontinuation in real-world HIV care: insights from the relativity cohort.AIDS (London, England) · 2026	not_reported	Hazard Ratio	0.65 95% CI 0.44–0.96 P = 0.036	PMID 41805169
Effect of a digital training package on clinical outcomes in Malawi's index case testing programme: a cluster randomised controlled trial.BMJ global health · 2026	not_reported	Risk Ratio	1.37 95% CI 1.1–1.71 p=0.006	PMID 41825916
Effect of a digital training package on clinical outcomes in Malawi's index case testing programme: a cluster randomised controlled trial.BMJ global health · 2026	not_reported	Risk Ratio	1.45 p=0.006	PMID 41825916
Effect of a digital training package on clinical outcomes in Malawi's index case testing programme: a cluster randomised controlled trial.BMJ global health · 2026	not_reported	Risk Ratio	2.29 95% CI 1.19–4.4 p=0.006	PMID 41825916
Effect of a digital training package on clinical outcomes in Malawi's index case testing programme: a cluster randomised controlled trial.BMJ global health · 2026	not_reported	Risk Ratio	1.22 p=0.1	PMID 41825916
Effect of a digital training package on clinical outcomes in Malawi's index case testing programme: a cluster randomised controlled trial.BMJ global health · 2026	not_reported	Risk Ratio	1.28 p=0.1	PMID 41825916
Fluconazole plus flucytosine versus fluconazole alone for adults with HIV-associated cryptococcal antigenaemia identified through screening: a multi-centre phase III randomised-controlled trial.Trials · 2026	mortality	Odds Ratio	4.0	PMID 41877274
Hypertension in a Randomized Trial of Dolutegravir- Versus Efavirenz-Based Antiretroviral Therapy in Pregnant and Postpartum Women with HIV.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	80.0	PMID 41973953
Hypertension in a Randomized Trial of Dolutegravir- Versus Efavirenz-Based Antiretroviral Therapy in Pregnant and Postpartum Women with HIV.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	90.0	PMID 41973953
Men's willingness to receive text messages and speak with an HIV counselor via the National HIV Hotline following HIV self-testing in Tanzania; a baseline cross- sectional analysis from a cluster -randomized controlled trial.BMC public health · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	3.37	PMID 41998582
Men's willingness to receive text messages and speak with an HIV counselor via the National HIV Hotline following HIV self-testing in Tanzania; a baseline cross- sectional analysis from a cluster -randomized controlled trial.BMC public health · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	3.84	PMID 41998582
Men's willingness to receive text messages and speak with an HIV counselor via the National HIV Hotline following HIV self-testing in Tanzania; a baseline cross- sectional analysis from a cluster -randomized controlled trial.BMC public health · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	2.52	PMID 41998582
Men's willingness to receive text messages and speak with an HIV counselor via the National HIV Hotline following HIV self-testing in Tanzania; a baseline cross- sectional analysis from a cluster -randomized controlled trial.BMC public health · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	2.96	PMID 41998582
Linked-color imaging with computer-aided detection and the proximal adenoma miss rate: a randomized tandem trial.Gastrointestinal endoscopy · 2026	not_reported	Percentage Comparison	42.0percent vs 18.0percent P = .001	PMID 42009205
Linked-color imaging with computer-aided detection and the proximal adenoma miss rate: a randomized tandem trial.Gastrointestinal endoscopy · 2026	not_reported	Percentage Comparison	42.0percent vs 21.0percent P = .001	PMID 42009205
Linked-color imaging with computer-aided detection and the proximal adenoma miss rate: a randomized tandem trial.Gastrointestinal endoscopy · 2026	not_reported	Percentage Comparison	46.0percent vs 0.0percent	PMID 42009205
Linked-color imaging with computer-aided detection and the proximal adenoma miss rate: a randomized tandem trial.Gastrointestinal endoscopy · 2026	not_reported	Percentage Comparison	30.0percent vs 0.0percent	PMID 42009205
Linked-color imaging with computer-aided detection and the proximal adenoma miss rate: a randomized tandem trial.Gastrointestinal endoscopy · 2026	not_reported	Percentage Comparison	25.0percent vs 0.0percent	PMID 42009205
Linked-color imaging with computer-aided detection and the proximal adenoma miss rate: a randomized tandem trial.Gastrointestinal endoscopy · 2026	not_reported	Percentage Comparison	27.0percent vs 5.6percent	PMID 42009205
An integrated HIV and chronic disease intervention to reduce HIV infection risk among older men who have sex with men in China: a randomized controlled trial.BMC public health · 2026	not_reported	Risk Ratio	0.34 95% CI 0.21–0.57	PMID 42021278
An integrated HIV and chronic disease intervention to reduce HIV infection risk among older men who have sex with men in China: a randomized controlled trial.BMC public health · 2026	not_reported	Risk Ratio	0.43 95% CI 0.25–0.74	PMID 42021278
Safety and tolerability of switching to bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide versus continuing dolutegravir/lamivudine in people living with HIV with neuropsychiatric comorbidities: Week 24 and 48 results from the Management of INSTI-associated Neuropsychiatric Disorders (MIND) clinical trial.International journal of antimicrobial agents · 2026	not_reported	Percentage Comparison	21.9percent vs 17.9percent P = 0.650	PMID 42055353
Safety and tolerability of switching to bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide versus continuing dolutegravir/lamivudine in people living with HIV with neuropsychiatric comorbidities: Week 24 and 48 results from the Management of INSTI-associated Neuropsychiatric Disorders (MIND) clinical trial.International journal of antimicrobial agents · 2026	not_reported	Percentage Comparison	7.3percent vs 5.1percent	PMID 42055353
Safety and tolerability of switching to bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide versus continuing dolutegravir/lamivudine in people living with HIV with neuropsychiatric comorbidities: Week 24 and 48 results from the Management of INSTI-associated Neuropsychiatric Disorders (MIND) clinical trial.International journal of antimicrobial agents · 2026	not_reported	Percentage Comparison	3.8percent vs 23.2percent P = 0.027	PMID 42055353
Safety and tolerability of switching to bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide versus continuing dolutegravir/lamivudine in people living with HIV with neuropsychiatric comorbidities: Week 24 and 48 results from the Management of INSTI-associated Neuropsychiatric Disorders (MIND) clinical trial.International journal of antimicrobial agents · 2026	not_reported	Percentage Comparison	16.8percent vs 40.2percent P = 0.027	PMID 42055353
Safety and tolerability of switching to bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide versus continuing dolutegravir/lamivudine in people living with HIV with neuropsychiatric comorbidities: Week 24 and 48 results from the Management of INSTI-associated Neuropsychiatric Disorders (MIND) clinical trial.International journal of antimicrobial agents · 2026	not_reported	Percentage Comparison	55.7percent vs 26.1percent P = 0.03	PMID 42055353
Safety and tolerability of switching to bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide versus continuing dolutegravir/lamivudine in people living with HIV with neuropsychiatric comorbidities: Week 24 and 48 results from the Management of INSTI-associated Neuropsychiatric Disorders (MIND) clinical trial.International journal of antimicrobial agents · 2026	not_reported	Percentage Comparison	24.9percent vs 49.2percent P = 0.03	PMID 42055353
Health-Related Quality of Life in Well-treated People With HIV and Comparators Over an 8-year Period: A Longitudinal Analysis From the Prospective AGEhIV Cohort Study.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	2.74	PMID 42133472
Tuberculosis in children who are HIV-exposed uninfected.AIDS (London, England) · 2026	not_reported	Risk Ratio	1.26	PMID 42138367

Research transparency

Funding and conflicts of interest

Conflict and funding fields reproduce what is available in PubMed records. Missing disclosure data does not establish that no conflict or funding existed.

COI statement coverage69.1%240 records have no COI statement exposed in PubMed.

Funding metadata coverage34.3%Coverage indicates whether grant/funding metadata was present, not independence or study quality.

Most frequently reported funding agencies

NIAID NIH HHS202

NIH HHS120

NIMH NIH HHS88

NIDA NIH HHS68

NHLBI NIH HHS60

FIC NIH HHS48

NCI NIH HHS29

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases24

View records with declared financial or industry relationships 12

A CT-based score for predicting histopathological usual interstitial pneumonia features and predicting disease progression in smokers with fibrotic idiopathic interstitial pneumonia.

Compliance with ethical standards. Guarantor: The scientific guarantor of this publication is Osamu Togao, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Japan. Email: togao@cc.saga-u.ac.jp Conflict of interest: The authors of this manuscript declare relationships with the following companies outside the submitted work: R.E., K.K., and M.K. report lecture fees from Boehringer Ingelheim. K.F. received lecture fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, AstraZeneca, Kyorin, and Bayer Pharma Japan. Y.K. reports consulting fees from Asahi Kasei Pharma Corp, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., GlaxoSmithKline plc, Healios K.K., Insmed Inc., Janssen Pharmaceutical KK, Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Shionogi Co, Ltd., TAIHO PHARMACEUTICAL CO., LTD., lecture fees from Asahi Kasei Pharma Corp, Bristol Myers Squibb, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eisai Co, Ltd, Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., GlaxoSmithKline plc, KYORIN Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma, Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nippon Shinyaku Co, Ltd., Novartis Pharma KK, Shionogi Co, Ltd., Teijin Pharma Ltd. and research funding from MICIN Inc. J.F. reports stock or stock options in N Lab and Pathology Institute, lecture fees and research funding from Boehringer Ingelheim. T.J. reports lecture fees from AstraZeneca K.K., Boehringer Ingelheim, KYORIN Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd. The remaining authors have no relevant disclosures. T.S. reports lecture fees and consulting fees from Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim, lecture fees from Shionogi & Co., Ltd., consulting fees from Bristol Myers Squibb and consulting fees from Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. J.F. reports lecture fees from Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim and Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. The other authors of this manuscript declare no relationship with any companies whose products or services may be related to the subject matter of the article. Statistics and biometry: One of the authors has significant statistical expertise, Atsushi Kawaguchi. Informed consent: Informed consent was obtained through opt-out processes in this study; written informed consent from each patient was waived. Ethical approval: Institutional Review Board approval was obtained at Saga University. Study subjects or cohorts overlap: The cohorts used in this study originated from a Japanese registry (nonpublic) and a single-centre database. While many publications have partially or fully overlapped with these cohorts in the past, none have pursued the identical research objective. Due to the anonymisation process and differences in inclusion criteria, it was difficult to determine how many individuals overlapped between studies. Methodology: Retrospective Diagnostic or prognostic study Multicentre study

PMID 42470480 · 2026

Initial HIV Therapy for Adults and Treatment-Associated Weight Gain: The Opti-DOR Randomized Clinical Trial.

Conflict of Interest Disclosures: Dr Woods reported receiving institutional grant funding from Gilead Sciences, ViiV Healthcare, and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. Dr Lebina reported receiving grants from Gilead Sciences, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, and the Wellcome Trust. Dr Möller reported receiving institutional grant funding from Gilead Sciences, ViiV Healthcare, and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. Dr Venter reported receiving personal fees from ViiV Healthcare, Gilead Sciences, Mylan/Viatris, MSD, Adcock-Ingram, Aspen, Abbott, Roche, Sanofi, Boehringer Ingelheim, Thermo Fisher, and Virology Education and receiving institutional grant funding from Gilead, Novo Nordisk, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, the South African Medical Research Council, the National Institutes of Health, Unitaid, the Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics, and the Children’s Investment Fund Foundation. Mr Akpomiemie reported receiving institutional grant funding from Gilead Sciences, ViiV Healthcare, and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. Dr Manentsa reported receiving institutional grant funding from Gilead Sciences, ViiV Healthcare, and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. Mr Taukobong reported receiving institutional grant funding from Gilead Sciences, ViiV Healthcare, and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. Ms Macholo reported receiving institutional grant funding from Gilead Sciences, ViiV Healthcare, and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. Dr Sokhela reported receiving institutional grant funding from Gilead Sciences, ViiV Healthcare, Janssen, and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. No other disclosures were reported.

PMID 42536019 · 2026

Potential Risks and Benefits of Low-barrier Access and Monitoring for HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis: A Modeling Study.

Potential conflicts of interest . S. M. J. has conducted research with grants from Merck to his institution and has received consulting payments from Gilead Sciences and the Elton John AIDS Foundation to conduct research. J. L. M. received an honorarium for development of medical education content for MyBodyPro. D. S. K. has conducted research with grants from Gilead Sciences and Merck to his institution, received personal funds from Medscape and UpToDate, Inc. to develop medical education content, and received travel support from PrEP4All to attend a conference on a national PrEP program. L. R. V. is now an employee of Merck outside the presented work. Other authors report no potential conflicts of interest.

PMID 42467629 · 2026

Key Decision Points for Personalization and Customization in Self-Guided Digital Suicide Prevention: Qualitative Interview Study.

Conflicts of Interest: JM has accepted consulting fees from Boehringer Ingelheim and the Shirley Ryan Ability Lab. DCM, PhD, has accepted honoraria and consulting fees from Benchmark Health, Clinical Care Options, and OpenAI; has received royalties from Oxford Press; and has an ownership interest in Adaptive Health, Inc.

PMID 42873538 · 2026

Mirikizumab is associated with improvements in bowel urgency and quality of life in moderately-to-severely active ulcerative colitis: 28-week phase 3b results from the LUCENT-URGE trial.

M.L. reports consultancy for AbbVie, Takeda, Pfizer, Janssen, UCB, Target PharmaSolutions, Salix, Valeant, Prometheus, and Eli Lilly and Company. D.L. declares counseling, boards, transports or fees from AbbVie, Alfasigma, Amgen, Celltrion, Ferring, Janssen, Lilly, Medac, MSD, Pfizer, Prometheus, Takeda, and Theradiag. G.R. has consulted to AbbVie, Arena, Augurix, BMS, Boehringer, Calypso, Celgene, FALK, Ferring, Fisher, Genentech, Gilead, Janssen, Lilly, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Phadia, Roche, UCB, Takeda, Tillots, Vifor, Vital Solutions and Zeller; has received speaker’s honoraria from AbbVie, Astra Zeneca, BMS, Celgene, FALK, Janssen, MSD, Pfizer, Phadia, Takeda, Tillots, UCB, Vifor and Zeller; has received educational grants and research grants from AbbVie, Ardeypharm, Augurix, Calypso, FALK, Flamentera, MSD, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Takeda, Tillots, UCB and Zeller. G.R. is cofounder and head of the scientific advisory board of PharmaBiome. S.N. has served on advisory board and speaker for Eli Lilly and Company, Pfizer, Celltrion, and advisory board for Madrigal and speaker for Janssen. A.V., W.J.E., T.T., and A.P.B. are employees and shareholders of Eli Lilly and Company. A.A. has received consulting fees from AbbVie, Abivax, Alfa Sigma, Astra Zeneca, Biogen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Celltrion, Eli Lilly, Enthera, Ferring, Galapagos, Gilead, Giuliani, Janssen, Lionhealth, MSD, Nestlé, Pfizer, Protagonist Therapeutics, Roche, Samsung Bioepis, Sanofi, Sandoz, Takeda, Teva Pharmaceuticals; speaker’s fees from AbbVie, Abivax, AG Pharma, Alfa Sigma, Biogen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celltrion, Eli Lilly and Company, Ferring, Fresenius Kabi, Galapagos, Gilead, Janssen, Lionhealth, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Samsung Bioepis, Sandoz, Takeda, Teva Pharmaceuticals; and research support from Biogen, MSD, Takeda, and Pfizer.

PMID 42927097 · 2026

Growth Outcomes After 48 Weeks of Dolutegravir in Children and Adolescents With HIV-1 in IMPAACT P1093 and IMPAACT 2019.

M.M., Z.L., A.M.B., C.B., L.K.T., and M.W. are or were employees of GSK or ViiV Healthcare at the time of the analysis and own stock in GSK. S.B. and L.Z. have received research funding (paid to institution) from the National Institutes of Health and ViiV Healthcare. S.B. has also received travel support (paid to institution) from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development and National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and served on a data safety monitoring board for the Adolescent Medicine Trials Network for HIV/AIDS Interventions. T.R. and A.W. received salary support for serving as co-chairs of the IMPAACT Network Trial P1093; funding was provided from ViiV Healthcare to the IMPAACT Network and their institutions. T.R. has also served on a pediatric advisory board for ViiV Healthcare. P.M.F. has received grants/contracts from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) under award numbers UM1AI068632, UM1AI068616, and UM1AI106716 and from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development under contract number HHSN275201800001I and received salary support for serving as vice-chair of the IMPAACT Network, supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. H.R. has received support (paid to institution) from the IMPAACT Network and FAMCRU clinical trial unit; received consulting fees from AID FOR AIDS, MSD, and ViiV Healthcare; and participated in data safety monitoring/advisory boards for the EMPIRICAL study.

PMID 42731017 · 2026

Comparison of Immune Activation and Gut Barrier Dysfunction Between Long COVID and HIV Infection.

Potential conflicts of interest. G. A. M serves as a research consultant for Merck, Gilead, and GlaxoSmithKline/ViiV. All other authors reported no potential conflicts.

PMID 41914490 · 2026

Weight Gain on Contemporary Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors and Tenofovir Alafenamide in Persons With HIV Starting Antiretroviral Therapy in the United States and Canada.

Potential conflicts of interest. K. B. has received consultancy fees from Gilead Sciences, Merck & Co, and ViiV Healthcare and research grants from Gilead Sciences. S. K. G. has received consultancy fees from Gilead Sciences and ViiV Healthcare and unrestricted research grants from ViiV Healthcare. C. C. and J. C. L. are full-time employees of Gilead Sciences and hold company stock. F. J. P. is a consultant and/or on the speakers’ bureau for ViiV, Gilead, Merck, and EMD Serono. J. R. K. has received consultancy fees and research grants from Gilead Sciences and Merck & Co, and provided expert witness testimony on behalf of Gilead Sciences. All other authors report no potential conflicts.

PMID 42216675 · 2026

Infections and the Opioid Epidemic: Changing Epidemiology and Treatment Options.

Declarations. Conflicts of Interest: In the last 3 years, MRL has been a research consultant for Braeburn Pharmaceuticals, Berkshire Biomedical, and Journey Colab and has received an honorarium from Camurus for developing and giving a research talk about long-acting injectable buprenorphine. EE has received honoraria from PRIME and Integritas for developing continuing medical education content. LF has been a consultant for Eli Lilly for development of medical education content unrelated to this manuscript. Availability of Data And Material: Not applicable. Ethics Approval: Not applicable. Consent to Participate: Not applicable. Consent for Publication: Not applicable. Code Availability: Not applicable. Author Contributions: LCF: conceptualization, writing—original draft, writing—review and editing, project administration; EE: writing—original draft, writing—review and editing; NVS: writing—original draft, writing—review and editing; MRL: conceptualization, writing—original draft, writing—review and editing. All authors approved of the final manuscript for submission.

PMID 42830379 · 2026

Doravirine/Islatravir: First Approval.

Declarations. Funding: The preparation of this review was not supported by any external funding. Authorship and Conflict of interest: During the peer review process the manufacturer of the agent under review was offered an opportunity to comment on the article. Changes resulting from any comments received were made by the authors on the basis of scientific completeness and accuracy. Sheridan M. Hoy is a salaried employee of Adis International Ltd/Springer Nature, and declares no relevant conflicts of interest. All authors contributed to this article and are responsible for its content. Ethics approval, Consent to participate, Consent to publish, Availability of data and material, Code availability: Not applicable.

PMID 42730871 · 2026

Global burden of drug-resistant tuberculosis in children: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study.

Conflict of interest: X. Liu reports grant support from the Ministry of Science and Technology, PRC. P. Mijiti reports grant support from the Xinjiang Medical University. S.M. LaCourse reports grants from the US National Institutes of Health (NIH) and UNITAID, and royalties or licences from UpToDate. A.W. Kay reports grants from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development and Fogarty International Center, and participation on a data safety monitoring board or advisory board with the Smile TB study. A. Shen reports grants from the Key Project of the Department of Science and Technology of Beijing. A.M. Mandalakas reports grants from the NIH and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and participation on a data safety monitoring board or advisory board with Janssen Pharmaceutica. F. Li reports grants from the Medical Research Fund of the Shanghai Hospital Development Center. C. Lange is a member of the WHO Guideline Development Group on drug-resistant tuberculosis, Secretary General of the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, and is a member of the steering committees of the Tuberculosis Network European Trials Group and the UNITE4TB consortium. Z. Huang reports grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the Medical Science Research Foundation of Guangdong Province and the Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province. The remaining authors have no potential conflicts of interest to disclose.

PMID 42242755 · 2026

HIV and Antiretroviral Therapy Influence Tumor Microenvironment Architecture, Subclonal Evolution, and Immune Evasion Strategies in Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma.

A. Merchant reports personal fees from Genmab, AbbVie, Bristol Myers Squibb, and Incyte outside the submitted work. No disclosures were reported by the other authors.

PMID 42831881 · 2026

Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026

PURPOSE: To map and synthesise the existing evidence on people's perspectives and requirements for patient-facing digital health technologies for use in prostate cancer care delivery. Understanding the preferences of people with prostate cancer and understanding the barriers and facilitators to maximising engagement with digital supportive care healthcare landscape. METHODS: Four electronic databases were searched to identify suitable studies. All identified citations were imported into Covidence systematic review software for the removal of duplicate records and the study selection process by two reviewers. Methodological quality was appraised using the MMAT, and findings were synthesised n…

PMID 42891837

PloS one · PMID 41637436

Treatment Options Studied in the PubMed Collection

These are interventions detected in PubMed metadata and abstracts. Inclusion does not establish approval, effectiveness, suitability, or standard-of-care status.

preliminary evidence

antiretroviral therapy

102 linked PMIDs27025 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented: reported clinical outcomes, quality of life, viral suppression, mortality, HIV transmission, adverse events, AIDS-defining illness, serious adverse events
Populations represented: general population; CD4 count; HIV-1; advanced; first-line; viral load
Mechanism: Inflammatory cytokines occupy a central position in HIV-associated cardiovascular pathobiology, serving dual roles as disease predictors and candidate treatment targets The immunosuppressive, checkpoint-enriched microenvironment of ART-experienced tumors supports further investigation of immune checkpoint blockade and macrophage-targeting strategies in a population historically excluded from such trials

PMID 42103547 PMID 42240366 PMID 42070588 PMID 42832504 PMID 34844482 PMID 42623024 PMID 41821038 PMID 42930548

moderate-confidence evidence

Anti-HIV Agents

73 linked PMIDs13146 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented: reported clinical outcomes, adverse events, HIV transmission, quality of life, viral suppression, drug resistance, serious adverse events, virologic failure
Populations represented: general population; HIV-1; HIV-1; viral load; viral load; drug resistance; HIV-1; drug resistance
Mechanism: This scoping review examined studies published since March 2020 that evaluated the association between alcohol use and PrEP outcomes and identified interventions targeting PrEP users who consume alcohol We also included intervention studies targeting alcohol use among PrEP users

PMID 42240366 PMID 42155336 PMID 41874900 PMID 42285049 PMID 42832504 PMID 35077265 PMID 42657610 PMID 41995923

higher-confidence evidence

pre-exposure prophylaxis

31 linked PMIDs14166 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented: reported clinical outcomes, HIV transmission, drug resistance, adverse events, mortality
Populations represented: general population; drug resistance; children; viral load
Mechanism: Participants underwent individual randomization to 3 arms: (1) HAPA-based cognitive behavioral intervention featuring tailored WeChat messages and 2 structured motivational interviews targeting stage-specific barriers; (2) combined HAPA intervention with GCEI linked to peer group initiation rates, incorporating facilitated offline group activities; or (3) standard care control receiving nonpersonalized HIV prevention information Geographic targeting at ≥0.7% incidence was more cost-effective, averting approximately 8450 acquisitions at a net cost of US$8530 per acquisition averted

PMID 42919299 PMID 41181883 PMID 35077265 PMID 42657610 PMID 42850961 PMID 41832915 PMID 42008629 PMID 42596734

higher-confidence evidence

PrEP

31 linked PMIDs13695 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented: reported clinical outcomes, HIV transmission, drug resistance, adverse events
Populations represented: general population; drug resistance; HIV-1
Mechanism: This scoping review examined studies published since March 2020 that evaluated the association between alcohol use and PrEP outcomes and identified interventions targeting PrEP users who consume alcohol We also included intervention studies targeting alcohol use among PrEP users

PMID 42919299 PMID 35077265 PMID 42657610 PMID 41995923 PMID 42850961 PMID 42618053 PMID 41832915 PMID 42008629

moderate-confidence evidence

Biomarkers

19 linked PMIDs1694 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: mostly supportive
Outcomes represented: reported clinical outcomes
Populations represented: general population; children; older adults
Mechanism: Inflammatory cytokines occupy a central position in HIV-associated cardiovascular pathobiology, serving dual roles as disease predictors and candidate treatment targets Thus, there is promise that a minimal set of proteins defining all the different reservoir subsets can be identified and developed into a reservoir targeting strategy

PMID 42133056 PMID 42930548 PMID 42084141 PMID 42931214 PMID 38831153 PMID 42931173 PMID 42680115 PMID 42679531

higher-confidence evidence

Tenofovir

16 linked PMIDs1878 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented: reported clinical outcomes, drug resistance, viral suppression, adverse events
Populations represented: general population; drug resistance; HIV-1; children; treatment-naive
Mechanism: Reversing weight gain linked to ART, by switching regimens or adding antiobesity medications like the GLP-1 receptor agonist semaglutide, has shown potential in reducing adipose tissue remodeling, visceral adiposity and cardiometabolic risk factors Median vaginal tissue concentrations of the anabolites responsible for inhibition of HIV reverse transcriptase exceeded our target concentrations: TFV diphosphate 0.651×103 fmol mg-1 and FTC triphosphate 0.180×103 fmol mg-1

PMID 42285049 PMID 42657610 PMID 42623024 PMID 41832915 PMID 42596734 PMID 41995925 PMID 42929980 PMID 36947792

moderate-confidence evidence

Anti-Retroviral Agents

10 linked PMIDs3487 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: harm signal
Outcomes represented: reported clinical outcomes, mortality
Populations represented: general population; first-line; first-line; second-line; viral load; CD4 count
Mechanism: The immunosuppressive, checkpoint-enriched microenvironment of ART-experienced tumors supports further investigation of immune checkpoint blockade and macrophage-targeting strategies in a population historically excluded from such trials Considering age, body mass index, and blood pressure as a priori confounders in multivariable analyses, higher cfPWV was independently associated with shorter sleep duration (β -0.04 per hour; 95%CI: -0.08, 0.0; P = 0.046), prolonged sleep latency ≥ 15 min (β 0.18; 95%CI: 0.05, 0.31; P = 0.006) and current use of a protease inhibitor antiretroviral regimen (β 0.3; 95%CI: 0.00, 0.61; P = 0.049)

PMID 42240366 PMID 42623024 PMID 42186788 PMID 42440125 PMID 42779011 PMID 42831881 PMID 42696521 PMID 38982638

moderate-confidence evidence

dolutegravir

10 linked PMIDs1232 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented: reported clinical outcomes, adverse events, serious adverse events, viral suppression, virologic failure
Populations represented: general population; first-line; viral load; HIV-1; children; treatment-naive; HIV RNA
Mechanism: Reversing weight gain linked to ART, by switching regimens or adding antiobesity medications like the GLP-1 receptor agonist semaglutide, has shown potential in reducing adipose tissue remodeling, visceral adiposity and cardiometabolic risk factors Predicted weight change was modeled using linear mixed effects models adjusted for demographic and clinical factors, and nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) backbone, with subanalyses excluding EFV and stratifying by INSTI agent, NRTI, sex, and race

PMID 42623024 PMID 42817201 PMID 42817202 PMID 42560062 PMID 38982638 PMID 42874104 PMID 42731017 PMID 42216675

moderate-confidence evidence

emtricitabine

10 linked PMIDs1149 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented: reported clinical outcomes, drug resistance, viral suppression, adverse events, serious adverse events, virologic failure, quality of life
Populations represented: general population; drug resistance; HIV-1; HIV RNA
Mechanism: Median vaginal tissue concentrations of the anabolites responsible for inhibition of HIV reverse transcriptase exceeded our target concentrations: TFV diphosphate 0.651×103 fmol mg-1 and FTC triphosphate 0.180×103 fmol mg-1

PMID 42657610 PMID 42596734 PMID 36947792 PMID 35545381 PMID 42467629 PMID 41070447 PMID 42764658 PMID 42536019

preliminary evidence

Pyridones

8 linked PMIDs617 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented: adverse events, serious adverse events, viral suppression, virologic failure, reported clinical outcomes
Populations represented: general population; viral load; HIV-1; children; first-line; HIV-1
Mechanism: All patients were switched to a single-tablet regimen, with 34.7% receiving a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-containing regimen Among individuals who discontinued LAI for reasons other than virologic failure (VF), all those previously on NNRTI-and/or integrase inhibitor (INSTI)-based oral ART resumed regimens containing the same drug classes

PMID 41805169 PMID 42728773 PMID 42765669 PMID 42874104 PMID 42731017 PMID 38982638 PMID 42730871 PMID 42440201

moderate-confidence evidence

HIV Antibodies

8 linked PMIDs52 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented: reported clinical outcomes, virologic failure
Populations represented: HIV-1; HIV-1; perinatal HIV; children
Mechanism: Concomitant with the iterative evolution of vaccine design - spanning from protein subunits to mRNA and germline-targeting platforms - immunogenicity evaluation frameworks have undergone a critical paradigm shift Furthermore, we highlight a pivotal transition in evaluative logic: moving beyond a singular focus on neutralizing antibody titres to integrate Fc-mediated effector functions (e.g

PMID 34354709 PMID 41932180 PMID 41481608 PMID 42727494 PMID 42888914 PMID 42696823 PMID 42636339 PMID 42171686

moderate-confidence evidence

Antibodies, Neutralizing

7 linked PMIDs44299 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented: reported clinical outcomes, virologic failure, adverse events, serious adverse events
Populations represented: HIV-1; general population; HIV-1; perinatal HIV; children; children
Mechanism: Concomitant with the iterative evolution of vaccine design - spanning from protein subunits to mRNA and germline-targeting platforms - immunogenicity evaluation frameworks have undergone a critical paradigm shift Furthermore, we highlight a pivotal transition in evaluative logic: moving beyond a singular focus on neutralizing antibody titres to integrate Fc-mediated effector functions (e.g

PMID 41481608 PMID 42888914 PMID 42636339 PMID 41785679 PMID 41635086 PMID 42171686 PMID 42733081

moderate-confidence evidence

Antitubercular Agents

7 linked PMIDs2938 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented: reported clinical outcomes, mortality
Populations represented: general population; advanced; children; CD4 count
Mechanism: Not explicitly reported in the retrieved PubMed metadata or abstracts.

PMID 42832504 PMID 41843759 PMID 42508442 PMID 42532268 PMID 39804959 PMID 42242755 PMID 33387480

moderate-confidence evidence

Cytokines

7 linked PMIDs1211 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented: reported clinical outcomes, HIV transmission, mortality, quality of life
Populations represented: general population
Mechanism: In this study, we evaluated the in vivo potential of the anti-inflammatory drug Acetylsalicylic Acid (ASA) to lower proinflammatory cytokine production, restore vaginal barrier integrity and reduce the frequency of activated T cells that serve as targets for HIV infection

PMID 42285049 PMID 42931173 PMID 42834659 PMID 42413644 PMID 42835080 PMID 35944387 PMID 41130223

moderate-confidence evidence

Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring

6 linked PMIDs865 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented: adverse events, serious adverse events, viral suppression, virologic failure, reported clinical outcomes, quality of life
Populations represented: HIV RNA; HIV-1; children; treatment-naive; general population; first-line
Mechanism: Predicted weight change was modeled using linear mixed effects models adjusted for demographic and clinical factors, and nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) backbone, with subanalyses excluding EFV and stratifying by INSTI agent, NRTI, sex, and race At 2 years, INSTIs (4.9 kg, 95% CI: 4.6-5.2) and protease inhibitors (PIs) (4.7 kg, 95% CI: 4.4-5.1) were associated with greater mean predicted weight gain compared to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) (2.7 kg, 95% CI: 2.4-2.9)

PMID 42536019 PMID 42731017 PMID 42216675 PMID 40982450 PMID 38982638 PMID 42440201

preliminary evidence

cabotegravir

6 linked PMIDs704 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented: adverse events, serious adverse events, viral suppression, virologic failure, reported clinical outcomes
Populations represented: general population; viral load; HIV-1; children
Mechanism: All patients were switched to a single-tablet regimen, with 34.7% receiving a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-containing regimen Among individuals who discontinued LAI for reasons other than virologic failure (VF), all those previously on NNRTI-and/or integrase inhibitor (INSTI)-based oral ART resumed regimens containing the same drug classes

PMID 41805169 PMID 42728773 PMID 42765669 PMID 42874104 PMID 42838065 PMID 36947792

moderate-confidence evidence

AIDS Vaccines

6 linked PMIDs45 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented: reported clinical outcomes, adverse events
Populations represented: HIV-1
Mechanism: Concomitant with the iterative evolution of vaccine design - spanning from protein subunits to mRNA and germline-targeting platforms - immunogenicity evaluation frameworks have undergone a critical paradigm shift Furthermore, we highlight a pivotal transition in evaluative logic: moving beyond a singular focus on neutralizing antibody titres to integrate Fc-mediated effector functions (e.g

PMID 34354709 PMID 41932180 PMID 42888914 PMID 42696823 PMID 42636339 PMID 42446368

preliminary evidence

Rilpivirine

5 linked PMIDs704 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented: adverse events, serious adverse events, viral suppression, virologic failure
Populations represented: general population; viral load; HIV-1; children
Mechanism: All patients were switched to a single-tablet regimen, with 34.7% receiving a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-containing regimen Among individuals who discontinued LAI for reasons other than virologic failure (VF), all those previously on NNRTI-and/or integrase inhibitor (INSTI)-based oral ART resumed regimens containing the same drug classes

PMID 41805169 PMID 42728773 PMID 42765669 PMID 42874104 PMID 42838065

Conflicting Research

higher-confidence evidence

antiretroviral therapy · multiple reported outcomes

68 studies

Status: apparently conflicting; different clinical questions. Population: general population. Comparator: multiple or inconsistently reported comparators.

The records use different or inconsistently reported comparators.
The records report different endpoints or outcome definitions.
The evidence combines different study designs.
Some abstracts do not state whether the primary endpoint was met.

unknown: 58harm: 7null: 2benefit: 1

PMID 42103547 PMID 42556371 PMID 37548796 PMID 42261847 PMID 42908849 PMID 42319773 PMID 42240366 PMID 42586107 PMID 42251304 PMID 42339560

higher-confidence evidence

Anti-HIV Agents · multiple reported outcomes

54 studies

Status: apparently conflicting; different clinical questions. Population: general population. Comparator: multiple or inconsistently reported comparators.

The records use different or inconsistently reported comparators.
The records report different endpoints or outcome definitions.
The evidence combines different study designs.
Some abstracts do not state whether the primary endpoint was met.

unknown: 47harm: 3benefit: 1null: 3

PMID 42556371 PMID 42261847 PMID 42319773 PMID 42240366 PMID 42155336 PMID 41968265 PMID 41874900 PMID 42251304 PMID 42339560 PMID 42285049

higher-confidence evidence

PrEP · multiple reported outcomes

36 studies

Status: apparently conflicting; different clinical questions. Population: general population. Comparator: multiple or inconsistently reported comparators.

The records use different or inconsistently reported comparators.
The records report different endpoints or outcome definitions.
The evidence combines different study designs.
Some abstracts do not state whether the primary endpoint was met.

unknown: 33harm: 1null: 2

PMID 42919299 PMID 41968265 PMID 42809564 PMID 35077265 PMID 39304589 PMID 42657610 PMID 41343494 PMID 41805538 PMID 41995923 PMID 41251867

higher-confidence evidence

pre-exposure prophylaxis · multiple reported outcomes

32 studies

Status: apparently conflicting; different clinical questions. Population: general population. Comparator: multiple or inconsistently reported comparators.

The records use different or inconsistently reported comparators.
The records report different endpoints or outcome definitions.
The evidence combines different study designs.
Some abstracts do not state whether the primary endpoint was met.

unknown: 29harm: 1null: 2

PMID 42919299 PMID 39982831 PMID 41968265 PMID 41181883 PMID 35077265 PMID 42657610 PMID 41805538 PMID 41251867 PMID 41911315 PMID 42903070

higher-confidence evidence

Biomarkers · multiple reported outcomes

19 studies

Status: apparently conflicting; different clinical questions. Population: general population. Comparator: multiple or inconsistently reported comparators.

The records use different or inconsistently reported comparators.
The records report different endpoints or outcome definitions.
The evidence combines different study designs.
Some abstracts do not state whether the primary endpoint was met.

unknown: 17null: 1benefit: 1

PMID 42908849 PMID 41130223 PMID 42924484 PMID 42133056 PMID 42930548 PMID 42084141 PMID 42931214 PMID 38831153 PMID 41914490 PMID 42931173

higher-confidence evidence

Tenofovir · multiple reported outcomes

14 studies

Status: apparently conflicting; different clinical questions. Population: general population. Comparator: multiple or inconsistently reported comparators.

The records use different or inconsistently reported comparators.
The records report different endpoints or outcome definitions.
The evidence combines different study designs.
Some abstracts do not state whether the primary endpoint was met.

unknown: 11null: 2harm: 1

PMID 42285049 PMID 42657610 PMID 42623024 PMID 41251867 PMID 42903070 PMID 41832915 PMID 42141514 PMID 42596734 PMID 41995925 PMID 42929980

limited evidence

antiretroviral therapy · multiple reported outcomes

7 studies

Status: apparently conflicting; different clinical questions. Population: CD4 count. Comparator: multiple or inconsistently reported comparators.

The records use different or inconsistently reported comparators.
The records report different endpoints or outcome definitions.
The evidence combines different study designs.
Some abstracts do not state whether the primary endpoint was met.

harm: 3unknown: 3mixed: 1

PMID 33387480 PMID 42912824 PMID 42710800 PMID 38533953 PMID 42912411 PMID 42923003 PMID 42926580

higher-confidence evidence

Antitubercular Agents · multiple reported outcomes

7 studies

Status: apparently conflicting; different clinical questions. Population: general population. Comparator: multiple or inconsistently reported comparators.

The records use different or inconsistently reported comparators.
The records report different endpoints or outcome definitions.
The evidence combines different study designs.
Some abstracts do not state whether the primary endpoint was met.

unknown: 5harm: 1null: 1

PMID 39804959 PMID 42832504 PMID 41408415 PMID 41619753 PMID 41843759 PMID 42709757 PMID 42644713

higher-confidence evidence

antiretroviral therapy · multiple reported outcomes

3 studies

Status: apparently conflicting; different clinical questions. Population: HIV-1; CD4 count. Comparator: multiple or inconsistently reported comparators.

The records use different or inconsistently reported comparators.
The records report different endpoints or outcome definitions.
The evidence combines different study designs.
Some abstracts do not state whether the primary endpoint was met.

harm: 1unknown: 1null: 1

PMID 35107660 PMID 41967778 PMID 42841932

Failed or Negative Trials

Adenovirus type 5 vector-based COVID-19 vaccine does not increase the likelihood of HIV infection.

randomized controlled trial · 2026 · PMID 41785679

Comparison of the Hearing Benefits and User Satisfaction With Hearing Aids and Personal Sound Amplification Products: A Multicenter Prospective Randomized Crossover Trial.

randomized controlled trial · 2026 · PMID 42011002

Fluconazole plus flucytosine versus fluconazole alone for adults with HIV-associated cryptococcal antigenaemia identified through screening: a multi-centre phase III randomised-controlled trial.

randomized controlled trial · 2026 · PMID 41877274

LC16m8 for Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Against Mpox in a High-Risk Population: An Open-Label Randomized Trial.

randomized controlled trial · 2026 · PMID 39982831

Efficacy and safety of the Chinese herbal medicine Yiaikang capsule in treating AIDS: a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial.

randomized controlled trial · 2026 · PMID 41967778

Comparable Inflammatory and Metabolic Outcomes After Switching to Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide Versus Continuing Dolutegravir/Lamivudine in Virologically Suppressed Adults With HIV (INSTINCT/GESIDA10918 Study).

randomized controlled trial · 2026 · PMID 41070447

Promoting shared decision-making in colorectal cancer screening in primary care: A cluster randomized controlled trial.

randomized controlled trial · 2026 · PMID 42263092

Early antiretroviral therapy and long-term cancer risk in HIV: 9-year outcomes from the START randomized trial.

randomized controlled trial · 2026 · PMID 42251304

HIV Care Retention and Cost Analysis in Multi-Month ART Dispensing: A Randomized Controlled Trial in China.

randomized controlled trial · 2026 · PMID 42339560

Weight gain, body composition, and metabolic parameters of dolutegravir-based antiretroviral therapy versus standard of care in children and adolescents: an ancillary analysis of the ODYSSEY trial.

randomized controlled trial · 2026 · PMID 41579881

Emerging and Experimental Research

A Systematic Review of Quantitative Health Preference Methods to Support Value Clarification and Shared Decision Making: A Report of an ISPOR Special Interest Group.

systematic review · 2026 · PMID 42000134

Bridging Pedagogy and Technology: A Systematic Literature Review on Inquiry-Collaborative Models Assisted with Virtual Laboratory in Physics Education.

systematic review · 2026 · PMID 42928776

Implementation of therapeutic adherence in adult patients diagnosed with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A systematic review.

systematic review · 2026 · PMID 42155336

Integrating smoking cessation into HIV care settings: A systematic review and meta-analysis of effectiveness and the evidence gap in cost-effectiveness.

meta analysis · 2026 · PMID 42531253

Safety and immunogenicity of one or two doses of the rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP Ebola virus vaccine in adults and adolescents living with HIV: a phase 2, multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial.

randomized controlled trial · 2026 · PMID 42567171

Islatravir distribution in plasma, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and mucosal tissues after monthly oral dosing.

randomized controlled trial · 2026 · PMID 41789892

[Cochlear implantation in Ménière's disease].

systematic review · 2026 · PMID 41644838

Week 96 resistance analysis in participants receiving bictegravir/lenacapavir in the phase 2 ARTISTRY-1 study.

randomized controlled trial · 2026 · PMID 42627157

Efficacy and safety of switching to once-daily oral doravirine plus raltegravir in virologically suppressed people with HIV-1: a randomized, open-label, multicentre phase 2 study (DORAL).

randomized controlled trial · 2026 · PMID 42841932

Resistance Analysis of Weekly Islatravir Plus Lenacapavir in People With HIV at 48 Weeks.

randomized controlled trial · 2026 · PMID 41885130

Evidence Gaps

Detailed risk-of-bias assessment remains limited

PubMed abstracts often do not include enough methodological detail for a complete study-level risk-of-bias assessment.

Complete Ranked PubMed Index

The retrieval-priority score orders records using publication type, recency, sample-size signals, and replication signals. It is not a recommendation or a formal risk-of-bias grade.

Die Anaesthesiologie · 2024 · PMID 38285211

Patients often present to emergency departments after potential or confirmed exposure to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) asking for recommendations concerning the initiation of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP). These presentations may occur after occupational as well as non-occupational exposure. PEP entails taking a triple antiretroviral therapy for 28-30 days. If taken early (ideally within 2 h, but no later than 72 h) and as indicated, HIV infection can be prevented with a high level of probability. Since thes…

Rank109.0

Clinical guideline or consensus statement

EAES Multidisciplinary Rapid Guideline: systematic review, meta-analysis, GRADE assessment and evidence-informed recommendations on the surgical management of paraesophageal hernias.

Surgical endoscopy · 2023 · PMID 37910246

BACKGROUND: New evidence has emerged since latest guidelines on the management of paraesophageal hernia, and guideline development methodology has evolved. Members of the European Association for Endoscopic Surgery have prioritized the management of paraesophageal hernia to be addressed by pertinent recommendations. OBJECTIVE: To develop evidence-informed clinical practice recommendations on paraesophageal hernias, through evidence synthesis and a structured evidence-to-decision framework by an interdisciplinary pa…

Rank107.0

Clinical guideline or consensus statement

EAES, SAGES, and ESCP rapid guideline: bowel preparation for minimally invasive colorectal resection.

Surgical endoscopy · 2023 · PMID 37903883

BACKGROUND: Variation exists in practice pertaining to bowel preparation before minimally invasive colorectal surgery. A survey of EAES members prioritized this topic to be addressed by a clinical practice guideline. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to develop evidence-informed clinical practice recommendations on the use of bowel preparation before minimally invasive colorectal surgery, through evidence synthesis and a structured evidence-to-decision framework by an interdisciplinary panel of stakeholders. METH…

Rank107.0

Clinical guideline or consensus statement

EAES rapid guideline: updated systematic review, network meta-analysis, CINeMA and GRADE assessment, and evidence-informed European recommendations on the management of common bile duct stones.

Surgical endoscopy · 2022 · PMID 36229556

BACKGROUND: Choledocholithiasis presents in a considerable proportion of patients with gallbladder disease. There are several management options, including preoperative or intraoperative endoscopic cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), and laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE). OBJECTIVE: To develop evidence-informed, interdisciplinary, European recommendations on the management of common bile duct stones in the context of intact gallbladder with a clinical decision to intervene to both the gallbladder and t…

Rank105.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Metal-artefact-reduction MRI for diagnosing periprosthetic joint infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Skeletal radiology · 2026 · PMID 41792512

BACKGROUND: Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) remains one of the most serious. Advances in metal-artefact-reduction sequences (MARS) now allow for improved diagnostic quality imaging in the periprosthetic region. Early studies suggest the diagnostic efficacy of MARS, including subfeatures, yet no formal synthesis of available data exists. METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following PRISMA-DTA and PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Eligible studies include diagnostic accuracy studies reporting MA…

Rank103.4

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Interventions to improve viral suppression and adherence to antiretroviral therapy among people living with HIV: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

The lancet. HIV · 2026 · PMID 42556371

BACKGROUND: In 2025, 78% of people living with HIV worldwide were on antiretroviral therapy 95% of people on treatment were virally suppressed. Suboptimal adherence, defined as not taking interventions as prescribed, threatens viral suppression and can lead to antiviral resistance, morbidity, mortality, and transmission. We updated a systematic review and network meta-analysis to estimate the effects of different adherence interventions on adherence and viral suppression. METHODS: In this systematic review and netw…

Rank102.4

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Dysregulated Metabolism in People Living With HIV in the Modern ART-Era: A Systematic Review of Targeted Metabolomics Studies.

Reviews in medical virology · 2026 · PMID 42406562

HIV remains a significant public health issue, with 1.3 million new infections and 630,000 deaths annually, and 40.8 million people living with HIV (PLHIV) globally in 2024. Although antiretroviral therapy (ART) suppresses viral replication, it does not eradicate the virus, and metabolic dysregulation persists despite treatment. Metabolomics allows for a detailed investigation of these alterations; however, targeted metabolomics studies in ART-treated PLHIV are limited, and there is no consensus on consistently dys…

Rank100.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Sepsis in Dogs and Cats-Consensus Definition and Clinical Criteria.

Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care (San Antonio, Tex. : 2001) · 2026 · PMID 42438185

Sepsis is the clinical syndrome that results from the host response to severe or widespread infection and is a frequent cause of death in veterinary critical care settings. Rapid diagnosis aids early treatment initiation, and hence, how sepsis is defined and identified clinically has implications for patient outcomes. Recent changes in the definitions of sepsis in human adult and pediatric patients have reduced the alignment of veterinary sepsis definitions with those in human medicine. We defined sepsis in cats an…

Rank100.0

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: harm

Tuberculosis in adult migrants in Europe: a TBnet consensus statement.

The European respiratory journal · 2025 · PMID 39672603

INTRODUCTION: Global migration has increased in recent decades owing to war, conflict, persecution and natural disasters, but also secondary to increased opportunities related to work or study. Migrants' risk of tuberculosis (TB) differs depending on migration, socioeconomic status, mode of travel and TB risk in transit, TB incidence and healthcare provision in country of origin. Despite advances in TB care for migrants and new treatment strategies, decisions for managing migrants at risk of TB often rely on expert…

Rank98.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Towards consensus on the treatment of congenital craniofacial conditions: the discussion section of a doctoral thesis.

Journal of plastic surgery and hand surgery · 2026 · PMID 42095487

BACKGROUND: Congenital craniofacial conditions are a diverse group of rare and complex disorders, leading to significant functional and psychosocial challenges. Their rarity and variability hinder research and clinical standardisation, resulting in substantial practice variation across centres. International collaboration and high-quality evidence are therefore essential to improve and converge care for affected individuals. This article presents the discussion section of a doctoral thesis that addressed these chal…

Rank98.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Developing and evaluating measurement instruments for intensive and high-acuity care: A practical six-step guide aligned with international measurement standards.

Australian critical care : official journal of the Confederation of Australian Critical Care Nurses · 2026 · PMID 42673737

INTRODUCTION: Clinical decisions in intensive care, emergency, and high-dependency settings depend on defensible measurement of patient outcomes, care processes, and staff and family experiences. Systematic reviews have found that most outcome instruments used in acute care and survivorship research lack adequate evidence for key measurement properties, limiting confidence in research synthesis and clinical translation. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to provide a practical, six-step guide for developing and …

Rank98.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

[Cochlear implantation in Ménière's disease].

HNO · 2026 · PMID 41644838

Menière's disease is a chronic inner ear disorder characterized by recurrent vertigo attacks, tinnitus, and fluctuating hearing loss, which may progress to severe sensorineural hearing impairment in a subset of patients. Since 2015, international consensus criteria distinguish between definite and probable disease. Current therapeutic strategies follow a stepwise approach, ranging from non-ablative to ablative interventions. Cochlear implantation (CI) has emerged as an effective option for auditory rehabilitation a…

Rank97.2

Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

Frailty phenotype transitions and functional improvements during a supervised exercise trial in older people with HIV: results from the HEALTH Trial.

Age and ageing · 2026 · PMID 42407092

BACKGROUND: Frailty and sarcopenia contribute to functional decline in older people with HIV (PWH), yet intervention data remain limited. We evaluated changes in frailty phenotype status, sarcopenia-related outcomes and functional performance during a supervised exercise trial and assessed associations between baseline frailty, study withdrawal and intervention response. METHODS: The High-Intensity Exercise to Attenuate Limitations and Train Habits in Older Adults with HIV (HEALTH) study randomised sedentary PWH ag…

Rank96.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Pharmacological and Nonpharmacological Interventions to Address Insomnia Symptoms and Poor Sleep Quality Among People With HIV: Protocol for a Scoping Review.

JMIR research protocols · 2026 · PMID 42873550

BACKGROUND: HIV-related research has increasingly focused on addressing long-term comorbidities affecting health-related quality of life for people with HIV. Sleep-related conditions, such as insomnia, are highly prevalent among people with HIV and are associated with a variety of health challenges, including immune dysregulation, increased mental health burden, and reduced antiretroviral therapy adherence. Although there are several evidence-based pharmacological (eg, hypnotics) and nonpharmacological intervention…

Rank75.6

Multicenter clinical study

Determinants of long-acting cabotegravir plus rilpivirine discontinuation in real-world HIV care: insights from the relativity cohort.

AIDS (London, England) · 2026 · PMID 41805169

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate real-world persistence with long-acting cabotegravir plus rilpivirine (CAB+RPV LA) in a nationwide cohort of virologically suppressed adults, describe the main clinical and structural reasons for discontinuation, and identify predictors of early interruption in routine practice. DESIGN: Ambispective, multicenter cohort study assessing the durability, safety, adherence, and virological outcomes of CAB+RPV LA implementation across 58 Spanish healthcare settings. METHODS: Adults initiating CAB+…

Rank62.0

Observational or cohort study

Prevalence and cardiovascular associations of elevated lipoprotein(a) in people living with HIV: A cross-sectional study.

Clinical medicine (London, England) · 2026 · PMID 42462818

BACKGROUND: Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] has emerged as an important cardiovascular risk factor. However, the prevalence and determinants of elevated Lp(a) in people living with HIV (PLHIV) remain insufficiently characterised. Since PLHIV have an increased cardiovascular risk even under effective virological control, our aim was to explore the prevalence of elevated Lp(a) and its association with cardiovascular risk in this population. METHODS: We conducted a single-centre observational study in adult PLHIV with sustaine…

Diagnosis And Screening176 records

Rank112.0

Clinical guideline or consensus statement

Fostering healthy cognitive ageing in people living with HIV.

The lancet. HIV · 2025 · PMID 39615509

Rank111.5

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Utility of Artificial Intelligence in Detecting Lymph Node Metastasis in Oral Cancer: A Systematic Review.

Cureus · 2026 · PMID 42924327

Rank107.2

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Clinical and epidemiological aspects of coinfection with American tegumentary leishmaniasis and HIV/AIDS in South American countries: a systematic review.

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical · 2026 · PMID 42912083

Leishmaniasis is one of the 10 leading neglected tropical diseases (NTDs), and cutaneous leishmaniasis is endemic in 19 countries in the Americas. This study aimed to systematically review the epidemiological and clinical characteristics, diagnostic methods, and outcomes associated with coinfection with American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) and HIV in South American countries. This review was registered in the International Prospective of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; CRD42023138800). Searches were conducted in …

Rank101.8

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Barriers and facilitators to PrEP knowledge, acceptability, uptake, and adherence among criminal-justice involved cisgender women: a systematic review.

BMC public health · 2026 · PMID 42919299

OBJECTIVE: Cisgender women involved in the U.S. criminal justice system (CJI) experience heightened HIV vulnerability due to intersecting structural risks such as substance use, unstable housing, intimate partner violence, and limited healthcare access. Despite the effectiveness of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), uptake remains low in this population. This systematic review synthesized evidence on barriers and facilitators influencing PrEP knowledge, acceptability, initiation, uptake, and adherence among CJI cisge…

Rank100.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Implementation of point of care HIV viral load monitoring for people living with HIV in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review on implementation research outcomes.

PloS one · 2026 · PMID 41637436

BACKGROUND: Viral load monitoring has rapidly increased among people living with HIV(PLHIV) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), resulting in an increased laboratory workload. The use of innovative Point of Care (PoC) or near Point of Care (n)PoC HIV Viral Load (HIV VL) monitoring has enabled improved patient care, a reduction in laboratory workload, improved clinic retention and reduced turnaround time of results. However, implementation bottlenecks of such methods are uncertain, especially when PoC or (n)…

Rank100.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Resistance-containing exercise versus non-exercise control for inflammatory markers and T-cell counts in adults living with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Frontiers in immunology · 2026 · PMID 42908849

BACKGROUND: Adults living with HIV may have persistent immune activation and low-grade inflammation despite effective antiretroviral therapy. We assessed whether resistance training or resistance-containing combined exercise alters inflammatory biomarkers or T-cell counts versus non-exercise control. METHODS: Six databases were searched to 1 June 2026 without language restrictions. Controlled intervention studies lasting at least four weeks were eligible. Screening and extraction were performed independently in dup…

Rank100.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Diagnostic accuracy of the VISITECT CD4 lateral-flow assay for screening advanced HIV disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2026 · PMID 42700888

OBJECTIVE: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the pooled performance of the VISITECT-CD4 advanced disease lateral-flow assay (VISITECT-CD4-LFA) for diagnosing advanced HIV disease (AHD). METHODS: A search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar, and Scopus up to February 2, 2026, to identify studies that evaluated VISITECT-CD4-LFA. Methodological quality was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 tool. Meta-analysis was conducted using a bivariate rand…

Rank100.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Faith-based organisations in providing HIV services within low- and middle-income countries (LMICs): a systematic review.

HIV research & clinical practice · 2026 · PMID 42855958

BACKGROUND: To end the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic by 2030, the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) proposes that 95% of people living with HIV should be diagnosed, 95% of those with a diagnosis should be on treatment, and 95% of those on treatment should achieve viral suppression. To attain these targets, UNAIDS estimates that community-based HIV services should increase from 5% to 30%. Within low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs), faith-based organisations (FBOs) often po…

Rank100.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Factors associated with tuberculosis treatment initiation among bacteriologically negative individuals evaluated for tuberculosis: An individual patient data meta-analysis.

PLoS medicine · 2025 · PMID 39804959

BACKGROUND: Globally, over one-third of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) disease diagnoses are made based on clinical criteria after a negative bacteriological test result. There is limited information on the factors that determine clinicians' decisions to initiate TB treatment when initial bacteriological test results are negative. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We performed a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis using studies conducted between January 2010 and December 2022 (PROSPERO: CRD42022287613). We…

Rank100.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Diagnostic accuracy of tests for visceral leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania infantum: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease · 2026 · PMID 42424806

This systematic review assessed the diagnostic accuracy of tests for visceral leishmaniasis (VL) caused by Leishmania infantum in individuals with suspected disease, including people living with HIV and other immunocompromising conditions. Nineteen studies met the inclusion criteria, eight of which included VL-HIV coinfected patients. Among immunocompetent individuals, rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) and kDNA-PCR showed the highest accuracy compared with parasitological reference methods, with diagnostic odds ratios …

Rank99.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Epigenetic aging in people with HIV across the life course: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2026 · PMID 42921758

Epigenetic aging algorithms are emerging tools for understanding the biological effects of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). A growing body of literature has applied DNA methylation-based epigenetic clocks in people living with HIV (PWH) across the life course, examining epigenetic age acceleration (EAA) in relation to HIV infection, antiretroviral therapy (ART), comorbidities, and clinical biomarkers (e.g., viral load, CD4 T-cell counts). This systematic review (Prospero: CRD420251126874) summarizes and synthesi…

Rank98.9

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Cancer Screening Behaviors among People with HIV in the United States and the Role of Multi-Level Social and Economic Factors: A Systematic Review.

Current epidemiology reports · 2026 · PMID 42694953

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: In the US, people with HIV (PWH) are more likely to be diagnosed with cancer at advanced stages, contributing to higher cancer-specific mortality rates. As such, the leading cause of non-AIDS death among PWH is cancer, including cancers with guideline recommended screening as a part of preventative care. Nonmedical drivers of health contribute to poor access to timely cancer screening among PWH. Thus, the purpose of this systematic review is to summarize the available evidence on the relationship…

Rank97.0

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: benefit

Effectiveness of Interventions to Improve Oral Cancer Knowledge: a Systematic Review.

Journal of cancer education : the official journal of the American Association for Cancer Education · 2022 · PMID 33506408

Oral cancer is prone to late-stage diagnosis, and subsequent low five-year survival rates. A small number of interventions or campaigns designed to enhance knowledge of risk factors and symptoms associated with oral cancer have been attempted in the UK, US, and some other countries. The purpose of this systematic review is to assess the effectiveness of interventions designed to improve oral cancer knowledge. We searched five databases to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-randomized/quasi-experim…

Rank97.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

CRISPR-Edited Stem Cell Transplantation for HIV-Related Gene Modification In Vivo: A Systematic Review.

Stem cell reviews and reports · 2022 · PMID 35169967

BACKGROUND: CRISPR is a novel genomic editing technology which can be useful for the treatment of immune diseases such as HIV. However, the application of CRISPR in stem cells for HIV-related research was not effective, and most of the research was done in vivo. This systematic review is to identify a new research idea about increase CRISPR-editing efficiencies in stem cell transplantation for HIV treatment, as well as its future perspective. METHOD: Four databases were searched for articles published during 1952 t…

Rank97.0

Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

Assessing stigma and perceptions of respectful care in Malawi's index case testing program: Findings from a cluster randomized controlled trial.

PloS one · 2026 · PMID 42945363

BACKGROUND: Healthcare worker (HCW) HIV-related stigma can reduce participation in HIV prevention services in Malawi, including HIV index testing. However, evidence on interventions to reduce HCW stigma and improve client experiences of care in index testing settings remains limited. We evaluated HCW stigmatizing attitudes and also assessed anticipated stigma and perceptions of respectful care among both people living with HIV (index clients) and their sexual partners (contact clients) in index testing settings. ME…

Rank96.7

Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

Impact of Anthelmintic Therapy for Invasive Helminth Infection on Microbial Translocation, Inflammation, and Immune Response among Ugandans Living with HIV: A Randomized Proof of Concept Study.

The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2025 · PMID 41130223

Microbial translocation drives chronic immune activation that is linked to HIV disease progression. Invasive parasitic gut nematodes induce microbial translocation and downregulate the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. We evaluated the impact of albendazole anthelmintic therapy on serum markers of microbial translocation and inflammation among helminth-infected Ugandans living with HIV. Participants were randomized to an immediate or delayed 400 mg of daily albendazole and followed for 1 month. Baseline sto…

Rank96.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Epidemiological, etiological, and antifungal resistance patterns of vulvovaginal Candida spp. infections in Cameroon: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Medical mycology · 2026 · PMID 42925421

Vulvovaginal candidiasis is a common fungal infection, mainly due to Candida species, affecting two-thirds of women globally at least once in their lifetime. Here, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis (PROSPERO ID: CRD420261368975) of the epidemiology, aetiology, and drug resistance profiles of vulvovaginal Candida infections and VVC in Cameroon. Databases were queried to identify all eligible papers. Data were extracted, and the quality bias of studies was assessed. Random effect models were used to …

Rank96.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Intraoperative electrodiagnostic testing as a decision-making tool for neonatal brachial plexus palsy: a scoping review.

The Journal of hand surgery, European volume · 2026 · PMID 42661336

INTRODUCTION: Neonatal brachial plexus palsy causes upper extremity paralysis owing to birth-related brachial plexus injury. Although intraoperative electrodiagnostic techniques are routinely used to guide nerve repair in adult brachial plexus surgery, their utility in neonatal cases remains unclear. This scoping review examines whether intraoperative electrodiagnosis aids surgical decision-making, particularly in distinguishing cases amenable to neurolysis, from those that may benefit from nerve reconstruction. ME…

Rank94.7

Randomized controlled trial

Assessing Fidelity to HIV Index Case Testing Protocols in Malawian Clinical Settings: Results From a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial.

Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2026 · PMID 42851014

INTRODUCTION: HIV index case testing is an evidence-based practice in which health care workers (HCWs) counsel people living with HIV (index clients) to offer HIV testing services to their sexual partners and biological children (contacts). For index case testing to be effective, it is important that index- and contact-client counselling protocols are implemented as intended (fidelity). We evaluated whether a digital training implementation strategy improved HCWs' fidelity to these counselling protocols. METHODS: W…

Rank94.1

Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

Evaluating the impact of upper limb training on respiratory function in long-term tracheostomy patients: a preliminary single-center, randomized crossover study.

BMC pulmonary medicine · 2026 · PMID 42934624

OBJECTIVE: The quality and quantity of respiratory muscles directly affect respiratory function, but it's unclear how much improved muscle function enhances cough capacity. Our preliminary studies show that active/passive lower limb training can improve cough capacity, but the impact of upper limb training is uncertain. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of passive upper limb training on cough capacity in long-term tracheostomy patients. METHODS: In this single-center, single-blind, randomized crossover …

Rank92.0

Randomized controlled trial

Examining the effect of universal testing and treatment strategies for HIV prevention in Zambia and South Africa: generalizing the results of the HPTN 071 (PopART) trial.

Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2025 · PMID 41298252

INTRODUCTION: HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN) 071 (PopART) was a cluster-randomized trial to evaluate universal testing and treatment (UTT) strategies for HIV prevention. HPTN071 compared three arms: (A) combination prevention with UTT; (B) combination prevention with universal testing and antiretroviral therapy initiation according to local guidelines; and (C) standard of care (SOC). Interventions were implemented in entire randomized communities, with impacts on HIV incidence measured in "population cohorts,…

Rank87.0

Randomized clinical study

Patient decision aids for pain medication management: A scoping review.

Patient education and counseling · 2026 · PMID 42607384

BACKGROUND: Medications are commonly used to manage pain; however, patients may find it challenging to weigh benefits and harms within the context of their own clinical circumstances, goals, and preferences. Patient Decision Aids (PtDAs) can improve knowledge and engagement in health decisions, yet the nature, content, and quality of PtDAs for pain medication management have not been evaluated. OBJECTIVE: This scoping review aimed to identify, describe, and appraise PtDAs for pain medication management, including t…

Rank85.0

Randomized clinical study

Polygenic Scores and Preclinical Cardiovascular Disease in Individuals With HIV: Insights From the REPRIEVE Trial.

Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024 · PMID 38533953

BACKGROUND: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of death among the 38.4 million people with HIV globally. The extent to which cardiovascular polygenic risk scores (PRSs) derived in non-HIV populations generalize to people with HIV is not well understood. METHODS AND RESULTS: PRSs for CAD (GPSMult) and lipid traits were calculated in a global cohort of people with HIV treated with antiretroviral therapy with low-to-moderate atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk enrolled in REPRIEVE (Randomized Tri…

Rank85.0

Randomized clinical study

Interleukin-Driven Inflammation and Cardiovascular Risk in People Living with HIV: Mechanisms, Biomarkers, and Emerging Preventive Strategies.

Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026 · PMID 42930548

Heart and vascular complications now rank among the leading health threats facing individuals with HIV, a reality that continues even when modern drug regimens successfully silence viral replication. Sustained immune system overdrive and persistent low-grade systemic inflammation appear central to this heightened vulnerability. This narrative review integrates current understanding of how inflammatory signaling molecules, particularly interleukins, connect to heightened cardiovascular danger in HIV-positive populat…

Rank85.0

Randomized clinical study

Investigating the Distribution: Signal, Noise, and the Resolution Toolkit in Evidence-Based Medicine.

Journal of evaluation in clinical practice · 2026 · PMID 42947579

RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: Evidence-based medicine (EBM) manages observational noise but lacks an explicit framework for taxonomic blur: treatment-relevant variation generated when syndromic populations mix patients differing in mechanism or treatment responsiveness. Patients present with syndromes, not resolved pathophysiological classes. This article identifies the epistemological gap between adjudicating average treatment effects and developing reference classes where effects are clinically meaningful. We d…

EAES Multidisciplinary Rapid Guideline: systematic review, meta-analysis, GRADE assessment and evidence-informed recommendations on the surgical management of paraesophageal hernias.

Surgical endoscopy · 2023 · PMID 37910246

Rank108.9

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Digital supportive care in prostate cancer: a systematic review.

Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026 · PMID 42891837

Rank108.4

Systematic review or meta-analysis

The impact of HIV coinfection on mpox patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Emerging microbes & infections · 2026 · PMID 42461714

A substantial proportion of mpox cases occur in people with HIV, but how HIV coinfection and immune status affect clinical outcomes remains unclear. We systematically searched major databases up to March 2025 for observational studies comparing mpox patients with and without HIV coinfection. Pooled effect sizes were calculated using random-effects models. Risk ratios (RRs) or standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals were used for dichotomous or continuous outcomes. Post hoc subgroup analys…

Rank108.3

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Immunogenicity and safety of prophylactic HPV vaccines in people living with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026 · PMID 42684271

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a major global public health concern, causing genital warts and cancers of the cervix, anus, oropharynx, vulva, and penis. People living with HIV (PLWH) face a disproportionately elevated burden of HPV infection and HPV-related malignancies due to chronic immunosuppression. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis searching six databases from January 2006 to June 2026 without language restrictions. Twenty-five studies were included in the systematic review; 12 independent stu…

Rank108.2

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Large language models in undergraduate medical education: a systematic review of examination performance, knowledge acquisition, and learner perceptions.

BMC medical education · 2026 · PMID 42947104

BACKGROUND: Large language models (LLMs), particularly successive iterations of ChatGPT (GPT-3.5 and GPT-4), have demonstrated increasingly sophisticated performance on standardised medical assessments and are now widely accessible to undergraduate medical students worldwide. Although the evidence base has expanded rapidly since ChatGPT's public release in November 2022, findings remain fragmented across three largely distinct research domains: examination performance, knowledge acquisition, and learner perceptions…

Rank107.8

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: null

Effectiveness of Over-the-Counter Hearing Aids Versus Professionally Fitted Devices: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery · 2026 · PMID 42307981

OBJECTIVE: To systematically review and meta-analyze the clinical effectiveness of self-fitting over-the-counter (OTC) hearing aids compared with professionally fitted devices. DATA SOURCES: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Food and Drug Administration (FDA) 510(k) and De Novo databases, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched in March 2025 and updated in August 2025. Reference lists were screened, and manufacturers were contacted for unpublished data. REVIEW METHODS: Two reviewers conducted screening, full-text review…

Rank107.2

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Cognitive Strategy Use for Functional Compensation in Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review.

Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation · 2026 · PMID 41997443

OBJECTIVE: To examine the evidence supporting the use of specific compensatory cognitive strategies in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). DATA SOURCES: PubMed, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and CINAHL were queried using an optimized string with Medical Subject Headings search terms to identify English language articles published through December 31, 2024. STUDY SELECTION: Clinical trials and observations studies (eg, cohort and case-control studies) were eligible if they included adults with PwMS who underwent an interven…

Rank107.2

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Clinical and epidemiological aspects of coinfection with American tegumentary leishmaniasis and HIV/AIDS in South American countries: a systematic review.

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical · 2026 · PMID 42912083

Rank107.1

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Effectiveness and safety of darunavir and lopinavir for treating children and adolescents living with HIV: a systematic review.

BMC infectious diseases · 2026 · PMID 41933292

INTRODUCTION: Darunavir and lopinavir solid formulations are recommended protease inhibitors for treating HIV. An evidence review of their effectiveness/efficacy and safety in young populations was needed to inform the 2025 World Health Organization guidelines. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review of publications reporting efficacy/effectiveness and/or safety of darunavir and/or lopinavir solid formulations in children and/or adolescents with HIV aged 0–19 years, with at least 6 months follow-up. Sources inclu…

Rank107.1

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Efficacy and safety of doravirine/islatravir for HIV-1: a GRADE-assessed systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

HIV research & clinical practice · 2026 · PMID 42400399

BACKGROUND: The combination of doravirine and islatravir (DOR/ISL) is a novel two-drug regimen for HIV-1. Early development faced challenges due to dose-dependent immunological signals. We aimed to synthesize the evidence on the efficacy and safety of DOR/ISL across all treatment-experience categories, specifically evaluating the impact of islatravir dosage (0.25 mg vs 0.75 mg) on clinical and immunological outcomes. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) …

Rank107.0

Clinical guideline or consensus statement

EAES rapid guideline: updated systematic review, network meta-analysis, CINeMA and GRADE assessment, and evidence-informed European recommendations on the management of common bile duct stones.

Surgical endoscopy · 2022 · PMID 36229556

Rank107.0

Clinical guideline or consensus statement

EAES, SAGES, and ESCP rapid guideline: bowel preparation for minimally invasive colorectal resection.

Surgical endoscopy · 2023 · PMID 37903883

Rank106.8

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Standard medical therapy with vs. without nebulised magnesium for children with asthma decompensation.

European journal of pediatrics · 2024 · PMID 38492031

UNLABELLED: Pediatric asthma is a common condition, and its exacerbations can be associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The role of nebulised magnesium as adjunct therapy for children with asthma exacerbations is still unclear. To compare clinical and functional outcomes for children with asthma exacerbation taking either nebulised magnesium sulfate added to standard medical therapy (SMT) versus SMT alone. PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were systematically searched for randomised clinical trials…

Rank106.7

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Efficacy of cannabinoids for insomnia and sleep disturbance: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Sleep medicine · 2026 · PMID 42574897

BACKGROUND: Insomnia is a common sleep disorder that presents with difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep. Standard hypnotics often lead to tolerance and dependency, prompting interest in cannabinoids as alternative sleep aids. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of cannabinoids in improving sleep among adults with insomnia or poor sleep quality. METHODS: PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched from inception to January 2025 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) co…

Rank106.4

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Effectiveness of patient decision aids in patients with advanced kidney disease: a meta-analysis based on randomized controlled trials.

International urology and nephrology · 2024 · PMID 38862700

PURPOSE: To systematically evaluate the decision effectiveness of patient decision aids (PtDAs) on the decision-making effect of patients with advanced chronic kidney disease. METHOD: Two authors independently searched ten electronic databases [Web of science, PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, CINAHL, EBSCO, CBM, CNKI, WanFang DATA and Vip database], to include randomized controlled trials of interventions through PtDAs in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease published from the inception of the databas…

Rank105.5

Systematic review or meta-analysis

HIV-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension: improving survival despite persistent treatment gaps - a systematic review and meta-analysis.

AIDS (London, England) · 2026 · PMID 42826228

HIV-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension (HIV-PAH) is rare and understudied. We pooled 12 right heart catheterization-confirmed cohorts (n = 537, 1986-2021) and found that HIV-PAH presents with severe hemodynamics and advanced functional limitation, with only 64% receiving PAH-targeted therapy at diagnosis. Survival improved progressively over three decades alongside increasing therapy use. These findings highlight persistent treatment gaps and support consideration of contemporary combination PAH therapy in …

Rank105.3

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Self-care practices of people living with HIV and hypertension or diabetes comorbidities in low-and-middle income countries: A systematic review.

PloS one · 2026 · PMID 42853857

BACKGROUND: People living with HIV in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs) face a growing burden of hypertension and diabetes comorbidities. Although self-care is essential, limited evidence exists on how patients manage these conditions concurrently within resource-constrained settings. We examined self-care practices among people living with HIV and hypertension or diabetes comorbidities in LMICs and identified treatment burdens related to these practices. METHODS: We searched Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Global…

Rank105.1

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: harm

Apolipoprotein L1 gene variants and kidney disease in patients with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Journal of nephrology · 2023 · PMID 36510118

BACKGROUND: The risk of various types of kidney disease is significantly increased in the presence of APOL1 high-risk genotype (carriage of two risk alleles), particularly HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN). However, there are discrepancies in the existing evidence about the level of association between APOL1 high-risk genotype and the risk of kidney diseases in people living with HIV (PLWHIV). METHODS: This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to assess the relationship between the APOL1 genotypes and…

Rank104.9

Systematic review or meta-analysis

False Belief Understanding in Deaf and Hard of Hearing Children: Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis.

Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR · 2026 · PMID 42600163

PURPOSE: This meta-analysis aimed to compare the performance of deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) children who use cochlear implants (CIs) or hearing aids (HAs) with their typically hearing (TH) peers on false belief (FB) understanding tasks. METHOD: Data were synthesized from 13 studies comprising 292 participants 1.92-14.03 years of age. A multilevel random-effects meta-analysis was conducted, followed by metaregression to examine the effects of age, mean age at onset, type of hearing amplifier, type of FB task, and…

Rank104.7

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Programmatic effectiveness of tuberculosis preventive treatment for people with HIV in six high-tuberculosis-burden countries (PROTECT): a prospective cohort study and meta-analysis.

The lancet. HIV · 2026 · PMID 42607703

BACKGROUND: In randomised clinical trials (RCTs), tuberculosis preventive treatment (TPT) reduced tuberculosis incidence and mortality among people with HIV; however, real-world impact has not been evaluated since antiretroviral therapy (ART) was expanded to all people with HIV regardless of CD4 cell count. This study aimed to determine the programmatic effectiveness of TPT on reducing tuberculosis incidence and all-cause mortality among people with HIV initiating ART. METHODS: This prospective cohort study emulate…

Landmark Evidence59 records

Rank112.0

Clinical guideline or consensus statement

Fostering healthy cognitive ageing in people living with HIV.

The lancet. HIV · 2025 · PMID 39615509

Rank110.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Prevalence and associated factors of public stigma toward people living with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BMC public health · 2026 · PMID 42928180

Rank108.5

Systematic review or meta-analysis

What is polypharmacy in people living with HIV/AIDS? A systematic review.

AIDS research and therapy · 2022 · PMID 35918746

Polypharmacy in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) is a rising morbidity that exacts hefty economic burden on health budgets in addition to other adverse clinical outcomes. Despite recent advances, uncertainty remains around its exact definition in PLWHA. In this systematic review and Meta-analysis, we explored relevant databases (PUBMED, EMBASE, CROI) for studies evaluating polypharmacy in PLWHA from January 2000 to August 2021 to ascertain the exact numerical threshold that defines this morbidity. Two independen…

Rank107.3

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Antiviral therapy for cytomegalovirus retinitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Survey of ophthalmology · 2025 · PMID 39549781

Cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMVR) is a significant cause of blindness in patients with advanced acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). There are no established guidelines for its treatment, resulting in varied antiviral approaches. We pooled data from 59 studies (4501 patients) to evaluate treatment variations and outcomes (CRD42022321088). Overall pooled estimates showed visual acuity improvement at 18 % (95 % CI: 7-41 %), inflammation resolution at 90 % (95 % CI: 81-95 %), retinal detachment at 11 % (95 % CI: …

Rank107.2

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Clinical and epidemiological aspects of coinfection with American tegumentary leishmaniasis and HIV/AIDS in South American countries: a systematic review.

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical · 2026 · PMID 42912083

Rank107.0

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: harm

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Incident Heart Failure: A Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies.

Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2021 · PMID 33492019

OBJECTIVES: To systematically analyze available prospective evidence on the association between HIV infection and incident heart failure (HF). METHODS: A systematic search of PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and manual search of relevant articles through June 1st, 2020, was conducted. Two authors independently performed full-text assessments and data extraction. The pooled relative risk with 95% confidence interval was estimated using DerSimonian and Laird random-effects models, with inverse-variance fixed-effects m…

Rank104.8

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Executive function in HIV-affected children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analyses.

AIDS care · 2021 · PMID 33764813

This review aimed to determine: whether EF is affected in children and adolescents (2-24-years-old) with perinatal HIV infection, perinatal HIV exposure without infection, and behaviourally acquired HIV. A systematic review (PROSPERO number: CRD42017067813) was conducted using 11 electronic databases (01.01.1981-09.07.2019) and 8 conference websites. Primary quantitative studies with EF scores on cognitive tasks and/or behavioural report measures were included. Meta-analyses were performed by EF subtype and subpopu…

Rank103.8

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: harm

A Systematic Review of Risk Factors for Suicide Among Persons Living with HIV (1996-2020).

AIDS and behavior · 2022 · PMID 35107660

Persons living with HIV (PWH) are at elevated risk for suicide. We conducted a systematic literature review following PRISMA-P guidelines to examine risk factors associated with suicide as a cause of morbidity among PWH. We searched six electronic databases using search terms (suicide, suicide attempt, self-harm, self-injurious behavior, HIV, AIDS, PWH). We focused on factors that were specific to HIV infection (CD4 count, HIV-1 RNA, and antiretroviral therapy [ART]). The initial search yielded N = 2657 studies. El…

Rank103.8

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: mixed

Isoniazid preventive therapy plus antiretroviral therapy for the prevention of tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of individual participant data.

The lancet. HIV · 2021 · PMID 33387480

BACKGROUND: Isoniazid preventive therapy prevents active tuberculosis in people with HIV, but previous studies have found no evidence of benefit in people with HIV who had a negative tuberculin skin test, and a non-significant effect on mortality. We aimed to estimate the effect of isoniazid preventive therapy given with antiretroviral therapy (ART) for the prevention of tuberculosis and death among people with HIV across population subgroups. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane database, and conferen…

Rank102.9

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Bridging Pedagogy and Technology: A Systematic Literature Review on Inquiry-Collaborative Models Assisted with Virtual Laboratory in Physics Education.

F1000Research · 2026 · PMID 42928776

BACKGROUND: Virtual laboratories have become a standard infrastructure in physics teaching, yet their pedagogical value depends on the learning model that frames them. Inquiry and collaborative learning are routinely invoked together, but no synthesis has treated them as the joint pedagogical framework for virtual laboratories in physics education or examined how the three are configured in practice. METHODS: Scopus was searched on July 9, 2026, for English-language journal articles published between 2017 and 2026,…

Rank102.5

Systematic review or meta-analysis

HIV Testing Disruptions and Service Adaptations During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Literature Review.

AIDS and behavior · 2024 · PMID 37548796

Access to treatment and care in safe clinical settings improves people's lives with HIV. The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted vital HIV programs and services, increasing the risk of adverse health outcomes for people with HIV and HIV transmission rates in the community. This systematic literature review provides a meta-analysis of HIV testing disruptions and a synthesis of HIV/AIDS services adapted during COVID-19. We searched scholarly databases from 01 January 2020 to 30 June 2022 using key terms on HIV testing rates …

Rank102.5

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Mental health and retention in HIV care: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association · 2018 · PMID 29781655

OBJECTIVE: Mental health (MH) diagnoses, which are prevalent among persons living with HIV infection, might be linked to failed retention in HIV care. This review synthesized the quantitative evidence regarding associations between MH diagnoses or symptoms and retention in HIV care, as well as determined if MH service utilization (MHSU) is associated with improved retention in HIV care. METHOD: A comprehensive search of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's HIV/AIDS Prevention Research Synthesis database…

Rank101.8

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Barriers and facilitators to PrEP knowledge, acceptability, uptake, and adherence among criminal-justice involved cisgender women: a systematic review.

BMC public health · 2026 · PMID 42919299

Rank101.7

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: harmCorrection flagged

Estimates of the global burden of cervical cancer associated with HIV.

The Lancet. Global health · 2021 · PMID 33212031

BACKGROUND: HIV enhances human papillomavirus (HPV)-induced carcinogenesis. However, the contribution of HIV to cervical cancer burden at a population level has not been quantified. We aimed to investigate cervical cancer risk among women living with HIV and to estimate the global cervical cancer burden associated with HIV. METHODS: We did a systematic literature search and meta-analysis of five databases (PubMed, Embase, Global Health [CABI.org], Web of Science, and Global Index Medicus) to identify studies analys…

Rank100.9

Systematic review or meta-analysis

The Prevalence of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder among People Living with HIV/AIDS: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The Psychiatric quarterly · 2020 · PMID 32981021

Numerous studies have reported that the prevalence estimates of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) might be substantially high among people with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) when compared to the general population. However, there are no previous systematic reviews and meta-analysis studies that reported the pooled prevalence of PTSD among PLWHA. To fill this gap in research, this study aims to analyze data from observational studies concerning the prevalence of PTSD among PLWHA and formulate a recommendation for future rese…

Rank100.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Dermatological manifestation of HIV infection: systematic review and meta-analysis.

BMC infectious diseases · 2025 · PMID 41162862

INTRODUCTION: Since its discovery in 1981, AIDS has become a significant global public health issue, impacting more than 38 million people worldwide with HIV. Despite a 32% reduction in new HIV infections since 2010, millions continue to be affected, often experiencing dermatological problems. This study aims to examine the epidemiology of these dermatological issues in HIV patients by reviewing existing research. METHODS: We conducted an extensive search across MEDLINE, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and grey lit…

Rank100.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Implementation of point of care HIV viral load monitoring for people living with HIV in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review on implementation research outcomes.

PloS one · 2026 · PMID 41637436

Rank100.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

PLoS medicine · 2025 · PMID 39804959

Rank99.8

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Factors associated with pyomyositis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2021 · PMID 34407271

OBJECTIVES: Pyomyositis, an acute bacterial infection of skeletal muscle usually resulting in abscess formation, is well recognised in tropical regions where it can account for up to 4% of adult surgical admissions. It is increasingly being reported from high-income temperate countries. Pyomyositis occurs across all ages and in both sexes. Mortality ranges from 1% to 23%. Many risk factors have been suggested. We aimed to identify factors associated with pyomyositis. METHODS: We undertook a systematic review and me…

Rank99.6

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: harm

Risk of mortality in HIV-infected COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Journal of infection and public health · 2022 · PMID 35617829

BACKGROUND: The relationship between HIV infection and COVID-19 clinical outcomes remains a significant public health research problem. We aimed to determine the association of HIV comorbidity with COVID-19 mortality. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Google Scholar and World Health Organization library databases for relevant studies. All searches were conducted from 1st to 7th December 2021. Title, abstract and full text screening was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Ana…

Most Effective Evidence Supported Treatments153 records

Rank110.0

Clinical guideline or consensus statement

[Presentations for HIV post-exposure prophylaxis in emergency departments: guideline and recommendations].

Die Anaesthesiologie · 2024 · PMID 38285211

Rank109.5

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Cause of Death and Risk of Death for People Living With HIV Admitted to Hospital: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2026 · PMID 42261234

Rank109.0

Clinical guideline or consensus statement

EAES Multidisciplinary Rapid Guideline: systematic review, meta-analysis, GRADE assessment and evidence-informed recommendations on the surgical management of paraesophageal hernias.

Surgical endoscopy · 2023 · PMID 37910246

Rank108.9

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Digital supportive care in prostate cancer: a systematic review.

Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026 · PMID 42891837

Rank108.3

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Immunogenicity and safety of prophylactic HPV vaccines in people living with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026 · PMID 42684271

Rank107.1

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Efficacy and safety of doravirine/islatravir for HIV-1: a GRADE-assessed systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

HIV research & clinical practice · 2026 · PMID 42400399

Rank107.1

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Effectiveness and safety of darunavir and lopinavir for treating children and adolescents living with HIV: a systematic review.

BMC infectious diseases · 2026 · PMID 41933292

Rank107.0

Clinical guideline or consensus statement

EAES rapid guideline: updated systematic review, network meta-analysis, CINeMA and GRADE assessment, and evidence-informed European recommendations on the management of common bile duct stones.

Surgical endoscopy · 2022 · PMID 36229556

Rank106.7

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Efficacy of cannabinoids for insomnia and sleep disturbance: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Sleep medicine · 2026 · PMID 42574897

Rank105.5

Systematic review or meta-analysis

HIV-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension: improving survival despite persistent treatment gaps - a systematic review and meta-analysis.

AIDS (London, England) · 2026 · PMID 42826228

Rank105.3

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Self-care practices of people living with HIV and hypertension or diabetes comorbidities in low-and-middle income countries: A systematic review.

PloS one · 2026 · PMID 42853857

Rank104.9

Systematic review or meta-analysis

False Belief Understanding in Deaf and Hard of Hearing Children: Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis.

Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR · 2026 · PMID 42600163

Rank104.4

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Nivolumab and cabozantinib in people with HIV and advanced solid tumors: a pilot trial and systematic review.

The oncologist · 2026 · PMID 42847673

BACKGROUND: People living with HIV (PWH) are underrepresented in immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) and targeted therapy trials, despite a growing burden of malignancies. Cabozantinib may remodel the tumor microenvironment by reducing immunosuppressive myeloid populations and enhancing cytotoxic T-cell infiltration, thereby augmenting antitumor immunity and providing a biologic rationale for combination with programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) blockade. However, prospective data on combined ICI and antiangiogenic…

Rank103.9

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Impact of violence on HIV outcomes among female sex workers: A global systematic review and meta-analysis.

PLoS medicine · 2026 · PMID 42905788

BACKGROUND: Female sex workers (FSW) are a key population for HIV prevention and care. Increasing evidence suggests that social and structural barriers are key drivers of HIV transmission. This global systematic review assesses whether experiencing violence is associated with worse HIV outcomes among FSW. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and PsycINFO databases for studies published from January 1st, 2010 to June 9th, 2026 assessing the impact of violence on HIV outcomes among FSW, without restrict…

Rank103.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Reactivation rates of hepatitis B or C or HIV in patients with psoriasis using biological therapies: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Clinical and experimental medicine · 2023 · PMID 35499793

Some biological therapies for psoriasis can cause the reactivation of viral infections. Although recent studies suggest no increased rate of reactivation with biological therapies, some life-threatening cases have been reported. Therefore, this meta-analysis examined the rate of virus reactivation in patients with psoriasis with biological therapies and concurrent hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched…

Rank102.6

Systematic review or meta-analysis

HIV care cascade of adolescents and young adults in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BMJ open · 2026 · PMID 42843861

OBJECTIVES: Tracking the progress of the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) 95-95-95 targets is essential for evaluating HIV programme performance and improving outcomes across all subpopulations, age groups and geographical settings. We conducted a systematic review and synthesis of the UNAIDS 95-95-95 targets among adolescents and young adults (AYA) living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). DESIGN: The systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items fo…

Rank102.6

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: harm

HIV and Human Papilloma Virus Community Service Integration Among Women: A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis.

The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care : JANAC · 2026 · PMID 42460889

Cervical cancer (CC) is a leading cause of death, with women with HIV at an increased risk. Geographic disparities in CC and HIV reflect inequities in care access. The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate integrated models for HIV and CC screening. This review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Full-text screening and data extraction were conducted independently. Eligible studies described integrated HIV and CC services. Of 4,280 records, 24 met inclusion criteria. Most studies ( n = 21) were c…

Rank102.2

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Rapid diagnostic tests, laboratory-based immunoassay and nucleic acid testing strategies for long-acting injectable pre-exposure prophylaxis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

PLoS medicine · 2026 · PMID 41990088

Fostering healthy cognitive ageing in people living with HIV.

The lancet. HIV · 2025 · PMID 39615509

Rank111.5

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Utility of Artificial Intelligence in Detecting Lymph Node Metastasis in Oral Cancer: A Systematic Review.

Cureus · 2026 · PMID 42924327

Rank110.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Prevalence and associated factors of public stigma toward people living with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BMC public health · 2026 · PMID 42928180

Rank107.2

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Clinical and epidemiological aspects of coinfection with American tegumentary leishmaniasis and HIV/AIDS in South American countries: a systematic review.

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical · 2026 · PMID 42912083

Rank107.1

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Efficacy and safety of doravirine/islatravir for HIV-1: a GRADE-assessed systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

HIV research & clinical practice · 2026 · PMID 42400399

Rank102.9

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Bridging Pedagogy and Technology: A Systematic Literature Review on Inquiry-Collaborative Models Assisted with Virtual Laboratory in Physics Education.

F1000Research · 2026 · PMID 42928776

Rank101.8

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Barriers and facilitators to PrEP knowledge, acceptability, uptake, and adherence among criminal-justice involved cisgender women: a systematic review.

BMC public health · 2026 · PMID 42919299

Rank101.2

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: benefit

Acquired Single-Sided Deafness - Patients Prefer Invasive over Non-Invasive Hearing Solutions: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

The Journal of laryngology and otology · 2026 · PMID 42929386

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of implanted and non-implanted hearing solutions on subjective hearing disability and health-related quality of life in adults with acquired single-sided deafness. METHODS: This systematic review adhered to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 guidelines and was registered in the Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews. Multiple databases were searched from January 1965 to October 2025 for studies reporting patient-reported hearing disabi…

Rank100.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Factors associated with tuberculosis treatment initiation among bacteriologically negative individuals evaluated for tuberculosis: An individual patient data meta-analysis.

PLoS medicine · 2025 · PMID 39804959

Rank100.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Resistance-containing exercise versus non-exercise control for inflammatory markers and T-cell counts in adults living with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Frontiers in immunology · 2026 · PMID 42908849

Rank100.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Faith-based organisations in providing HIV services within low- and middle-income countries (LMICs): a systematic review.

HIV research & clinical practice · 2026 · PMID 42855958

Rank100.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Creatine supplementation in soccer players: a systematic review.

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2026 · PMID 42826085

AIM: Soccer places repeated demands on short-duration, high-intensity performance, including sprints, accelerations, jumps, and technical actions performed over the course of a match. Because these efforts depend heavily on rapid adenosine triphosphate (ATP) resynthesis, creatine is a plausible ergogenic aid for soccer players. However, findings in soccer-specific studies have been inconsistent, and previous reviews have addressed narrower questions using smaller evidence sets. This systematic review therefore exam…

Rank100.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Implementation of point of care HIV viral load monitoring for people living with HIV in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review on implementation research outcomes.

PloS one · 2026 · PMID 41637436

Rank100.0

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: harm

Precancerous cervical lesions and associated factors among HIV-positive women in Southern and Eastern African countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

PloS one · 2026 · PMID 42912824

Rank99.3

Randomized controlled trial

Integrating hypertension care into the existing HIV services package in Botswana (InterCARE): a pair-matched, cluster-randomised, type 2 hybrid effectiveness-implementation trial.

The Lancet. Global health · 2026 · PMID 42586107

BACKGROUND: People with HIV have poor access to care for other chronic conditions despite the increasing disease burden and associated mortality. We evaluated the impact of integrated HIV and hypertension care on blood pressure control, electronic prescribing of antihypertensive medicines, and HIV viral suppression in Botswana. METHODS: We conducted a 24-month, pair-matched, cluster-randomised, type 2 hybrid effectiveness-implementation trial at 14 HIV clinics among adults aged 20-75 years with HIV and hypertension…

Rank99.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Epigenetic aging in people with HIV across the life course: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2026 · PMID 42921758

Rank96.8

Randomized controlled trial

Technology-Based Interventions, with a Stepped Care Approach, for Reducing Sexual Risk Behaviors and Increasing PrEP Initiation Among Transgender and Gender Expansive Youth and Young Adults.

AIDS and behavior · 2024 · PMID 39304589

TechStep was a technology-based trial, with a stepped care approach, to reduce sexual risks and increase PrEP uptake among transgender and gender expansive youth and young adults (15-24 years old). From October 2019 to September 2021, 254 participants were randomized into: 1) Text (n = 82), or 2) Webapp (n = 87), or 3) Control (n = 85). At the 3-month follow-up assessment, those randomized to Text and Webapp and did not demonstrate improvement on primary outcomes were re-randomized to receive virtual eCoaching (Tex…

Rank96.7

Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

Impact of Anthelmintic Therapy for Invasive Helminth Infection on Microbial Translocation, Inflammation, and Immune Response among Ugandans Living with HIV: A Randomized Proof of Concept Study.

The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2025 · PMID 41130223

Rank96.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Intraoperative electrodiagnostic testing as a decision-making tool for neonatal brachial plexus palsy: a scoping review.

The Journal of hand surgery, European volume · 2026 · PMID 42661336

Rank96.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Epidemiological, etiological, and antifungal resistance patterns of vulvovaginal Candida spp. infections in Cameroon: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Medical mycology · 2026 · PMID 42925421

Rank95.4

Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

AI at the bedside: Randomised controlled trial of ChatGPT's impact on student performance in real-patient clinical exams.

Medical teacher · 2026 · PMID 42010936

INTRODUCTION: Generative artificial intelligence (AI) tools are entering clinical training faster than curricula and assessments can adapt. It is currently unknown whether point-of-care access to large language models (LLMs) improves clinician performance during real-time bedside assessments. To evaluate the effect of allowing ChatGPT use on student performance in ward-based real-patient clinical exams. METHODS: We conducted a parallel‑group, randomised controlled trial (2:1 allocation) across four academic hospita…

Rank95.1

Randomized controlled trial

Pathways of onward HIV disclosure in relationships among young people living with vertically acquired HIV receiving antiretroviral therapy: A qualitative analysis from the BREATHER Plus trial, South Africa.

FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2024 · PMID 38982638

Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) based antiretroviral therapy (ART) is currently used as first-line regimen to treat HIV infection. Despite its high efficacy and barrier to resistance, ART-associated neuropsychiatric adverse effects remain a major concern. Recent studies have identified a potential interaction between the INSTI, dolutegravir (DTG), and folate transport pathways at the placental barrier. We hypothesized that such interactions could also occur at the two major blood-brain interfaces: blo…

Promising Experimental Therapies64 records

Rank103.1

Systematic review or meta-analysis

A Systematic Review of Quantitative Health Preference Methods to Support Value Clarification and Shared Decision Making: A Report of an ISPOR Special Interest Group.

Value in health : the journal of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research · 2026 · PMID 42000134

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to explore the design and outcomes of preference-based value clarification methods (Pb-VCMs) used in the context of supporting patients' clinical decision making to understand whether guidance is used in Pb-VCM development and which Pb-VCM is most effective. METHODS: In April of 2023, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched for studies reporting the development and/or evaluation of Pb-VCMs without restrictions on publication date. Two reviewers independently extracted data incl…

Rank102.9

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Bridging Pedagogy and Technology: A Systematic Literature Review on Inquiry-Collaborative Models Assisted with Virtual Laboratory in Physics Education.

F1000Research · 2026 · PMID 42928776

Rank100.0

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: harm

Integrating smoking cessation into HIV care settings: A systematic review and meta-analysis of effectiveness and the evidence gap in cost-effectiveness.

PloS one · 2026 · PMID 42531253

The prevalence of smoking among people living with HIV (PLWH) is higher than in the general population, and PLWH who smoke are at increased risk of both smoking- and HIV-related comorbidities. As most PLWH reside in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), there is a need for effective and cost-effective smoking cessation interventions in resource-constrained settings. We systematically reviewed and meta-analyzed the effectiveness of smoking cessation interventions for PLWH and looked for economic evaluations. Fou…

Rank100.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Implementation of therapeutic adherence in adult patients diagnosed with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A systematic review.

Patient education and counseling · 2026 · PMID 42155336

OBJECTIVES: To systematically map and summarize the available knowledge on interventions that promote medication adherence among adult HIV patients and to describe the current state of the art regarding the impact of these interventions on clinical and psychosocial outcomes. METHODS: A systematic search was conducted and two researchers screened eligible studies independently. The Joanna Briggs Institute Quality Appraisal for Randomized Controlled Trials, Cross-Sectional Studies, and Quasi-Experimental Studies were…

Rank98.6

Randomized controlled trial

Safety and immunogenicity of one or two doses of the rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP Ebola virus vaccine in adults and adolescents living with HIV: a phase 2, multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial.

The lancet. HIV · 2026 · PMID 42567171

BACKGROUND: A single dose of the replication-competent rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP vaccine is recommended by the WHO Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization during Ebola virus disease outbreaks. We aimed to assess the immunogenicity, safety, and tolerability of this vaccine in adults and adolescents with HIV. METHODS: In this phase 2, multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial, we enrolled participants aged 13-70 years who had laboratory-confirmed HIV infection, were on antiretroviral therapy (…

Rank98.3

Randomized controlled trial

Islatravir distribution in plasma, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and mucosal tissues after monthly oral dosing.

AIDS (London, England) · 2026 · PMID 41789892

OBJECTIVE: Islatravir is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase translocation inhibitor (NRTTI) under development for HIV-1 treatment. We aimed to evaluate the pharmacokinetics (PK) of islatravir and its active form, islatravir-triphosphate, in blood and mucosal tissues. DESIGN: This was an exploratory substudy of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter, Phase 2a study of once-monthly islatravir in adults at low likelihood of HIV-1 exposure (NCT04003103). METHODS: Participants were randomly assigned…

Rank98.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2026 · PMID 42730713

Rank93.3

Randomized clinical study

Impact of a clinical pathway-based antimicrobial stewardship program on surgical antibiotic prophylaxis in pediatric surgery: An uncontrolled pre-post quasi-experimental study.

American journal of infection control · 2026 · PMID 42276231

BACKGROUND: Pediatric surgical antibiotic prophylaxis (SAP) is often inappropriate and contributes to avoidable antimicrobial exposure. We evaluated whether a clinical pathway-based antimicrobial stewardship program improved pediatric SAP appropriateness. METHODS: In this single-center uncontrolled pre-post quasi-experimental study in a tertiary pediatric hospital in Tehran, Iran, clean or clean-contaminated procedures were screened before and after implementation. Overall appropriate SAP was assessed among all eli…

Rank93.2

Randomized controlled trial

Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2026 · PMID 42560062

Metformin is under investigation as adjunctive host-directed therapy for tuberculosis (TB), which might interact with first-line TB treatment. We used population pharmacokinetic modeling to assess whether metformin alters first-line TB-drug pharmacokinetics in HIV/TB-coinfected adults without diabetes. Rifampicin, isoniazid, and pyrazinamide pharmacokinetics were investigated in participants from a randomized clinical trial of adjunctive metformin (500 mg twice daily to week 12) in adults starting HIV-associated TB…

Prospective Cohort Studies92 records

Rank104.7

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Programmatic effectiveness of tuberculosis preventive treatment for people with HIV in six high-tuberculosis-burden countries (PROTECT): a prospective cohort study and meta-analysis.

The lancet. HIV · 2026 · PMID 42607703

Rank97.0

Randomized controlled trial

Exploring the relationship between HIV Testing frequency and sexual behavior, prevention prophylaxis use among MSM in Southern China.

PloS one · 2026 · PMID 42809564

AIM: This study aimed to explore the association between HIV testing trajectories, sexual behavior characteristics and HIV exposure prevention prophylaxis use, to provide a basis for developing more precise HIV prevention strategies. STUDY DESIGN: This analysis utilized pseudonymized data from a three-arm, open-label randomized controlled trial (RCT) conducted in Guangxi, China, between 2021 and 2023. METHODS: This prospective cohort study enrolled 327 participants from southern China. Longitudinal data-including H…

Rank95.4

Randomized controlled trial

Exploring methods of improving patient understanding and communication in a complex anal fistula clinic: results from a randomized controlled feasibility study.

Colorectal disease : the official journal of the Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland · 2024 · PMID 38235831

AIM: Patient understanding of disease can guide decision-making in the management of anal fistula. This prospective feasibility study aimed to assess the acceptability and methods of assessing the impact of viewing realistic models on patients with anal fistula. METHODS: New referrals to a tertiary clinic participated in this single-centre, parallel-group randomized controlled study. Baseline characteristics, Decisional Conflict Scale and understanding of disease were assessed pre-consultation. Participants were ra…

Rank95.0

Randomized controlled trial

Development of HOPES Intervention for a Randomized Controlled Trial to Reduce the Perceived Stigma Among Women Living With HIV/AIDS in China.

AIDS education and prevention : official publication of the International Society for AIDS Education · 2026 · PMID 42841860

We developed and pilot-tested HOPES, the first theory-driven, culturally grounded mHealth program to reduce HIV-related stigma among Chinese women living with HIV/AIDS (WLWHA). Guided by the updated MRC framework, we synthesized a scoping review, 30 phenomenological interviews and multidisciplinary consultations, then co-created 12 weekly microdramas with 32 WLWHA from Yunnan/Henan that embed cultural motifs of face, family honor, and collectivism; content was delivered through an encrypted WeChat mini-program unde…

Rank89.0

Randomized controlled trialResult signal: mixed

Local anaesthetic for pain post rubber band ligation of haemorrhoids: a prospective, single-blinded randomised controlled trial.

Techniques in coloproctology · 2023 · PMID 36856913

BACKGROUND: Rubber band ligation (RBL) is a widely accepted intervention for the treatment of haemorrhoids. However, post procedure pain is a common complaint. The aim of this study was to determine whether the addition of local anaesthetic (LA) to the haemorrhoid pedicle base, post RBL, aids in reducing early post-procedure pain. Additionally, to compare perceived perianal numbness, oral analgesia usage and total consumption, and adverse events. METHODS: This study was a prospective, single-blinded randomised cont…

Rank86.0

Randomized clinical study

'Implanting' knowledge - how best to aid patient understanding and retention of information regarding peri-implantitis.

Evidence-based dentistry · 2022 · PMID 35750731

Aims The study primarily assessed the efficacy of different communication methods on patients' comprehension and recall of knowledge relating to peri-implantitis. Secondarily, the study assessed the effect of different communication methods on patients' beliefs in line with the health belief model.Design A prospective randomised controlled trialMethods Ninety-nine patients with a diagnosis of peri-implantitis were recruited over 25 months. They were randomly allocated to one of three arms of the trial. Group one wa…

Rank77.8

Multicenter clinical study

Death after discharge among children living with HIV admitted with suspected sepsis in Uganda: A secondary analysis of two prospective observational studies.

HIV medicine · 2026 · PMID 42394347

BACKGROUND: Children living with HIV in low-income countries contribute disproportionately to death after hospital discharge. This study investigates the effect of HIV on post-discharge mortality and readmission by exploring a wide range of clinical, maternal and socioeconomic variables. METHODS: A secondary analysis of children under 5 years old admitted with suspected sepsis. Participants were enrolled from two multisite observational studies conducted from 2012 to 2013 and 2017 to 2020 across six hospitals in Ug…

Rank75.9

Multicenter clinical studyResult signal: harm

Predictors of Liver Steatosis Progression Among People Living With HIV in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Multicentre Longitudinal Study.

Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2026 · PMID 42809364

INTRODUCTION: Liver steatosis is increasingly recognized as a major comorbidity in people living with HIV (PLWH), with growing evidence suggesting an increased risk of progression to advanced liver disease. We assessed predictors of liver steatosis progression over 36 months in PLWH from low- and middle-income countries. METHODS: Between 2020 and 2023, we enrolled PLWH aged ≥40 years who had been on antiretroviral therapy (ART) for ≥6 months at nine HIV clinics in the IeDEA Sentinel Research Network (SRN) across th…

Rank75.8

Multicenter clinical study

Relationship between immunosuppression and intensive care unit-acquired colonization and infection related to multidrug-resistant bacteria: a prospective multicenter cohort study.

Intensive care medicine · 2023 · PMID 36592202

PURPOSE: The impact of immunosuppression on intensive care unit (ICU)-acquired colonization and infection related to multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria (ICU-MDR-col and ICU-MDR-inf, respectively) is unknown. METHODS: We carried out an observational prospective cohort study in 8 ICUs in France (all with single-bed rooms and similar organizational characteristics). All consecutive patients with an ICU stay > 48 h were included, regardless of immune status, and followed for 28 days. Patients underwent systematic scree…

Rank75.7

Multicenter clinical study

mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in people with HIV: an immune correlates analysis of CD4 + T cell responses in the multicenter CoVPN 3008 observational study.

Nature communications · 2026 · PMID 42946742

T cell correlates of COVID-19 risk are poorly defined, particularly in people with HIV (PWH). CoVPN 3008 ( NCT05168813 ) Part A was a prospective 14,002-participant cohort study that administered one or two doses of mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccine, depending on baseline SARS-CoV-2 serostatus, in participants (83% PWH) in sub-Saharan Africa. Participants self-monitored for prespecified COVID-19 symptoms, defined by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention symptom criteria. Previous work showed that protection from COVI…

Rank75.2

Multicenter clinical study

Plasma dolutegravir exposure testing to identify people with HIV at highest risk for dolutegravir resistance (ITREMA-2): a two-centre, prospective implementation study in South Africa.

The lancet. HIV · 2026 · PMID 42685737

BACKGROUND: Dolutegravir resistance is increasingly reported in treatment-experienced people with HIV in low-income and middle-income countries. Resistance testing resources are sparse, and viral rebound often reflects adherence lapses rather than resistance. Efficient strategies are needed to target testing to individuals at highest risk. We evaluated a reflex laboratory approach using plasma dolutegravir exposure to guide resistance testing in routine care. METHODS: In this prospective implementation study at two…

Rank73.5

Multicenter clinical study

CABO-CHANCE study: A real-life world study of cabotegravir plus rilpivirine long-acting intramuscular in ART-experienced people with HIV.

International journal of antimicrobial agents · 2026 · PMID 42409127

BACKGROUND: This study of people with HIV (PWH) receiving CAB + RPV LAI evaluated its effectiveness, safety, and impact on inflammatory markers, body fat/lean mass distributions, quality of life, sleep, health satisfaction, and stigma experience over 1 y. METHODS: A prospective, longitudinal, multicentre study was conducted in 15 hospitals and enrolled between June 2023 and January 2024. It included virologically suppressed PWH (HIV-1 RNA <50 c/mL for ≥6 months) switched from oral antiretroviral therapy to CAB + RP…

Rank73.0

Multicenter clinical study

Tolerability and Virologic Outcomes after Transition from Long-Acting Injectable ART to Oral ART.

AIDS patient care and STDs · 2026 · PMID 42728773

The tolerability of oral antiretroviral therapy (ART) administered after discontinuation of long-acting injectable (LAI) cabotegravir (CAB) + rilpivirine (RPV), during the period of residual injectables persistence, has not been described. Limited data are available on the oral ART regimens used after all-cause LAI discontinuations and on their effectiveness. This analysis was conducted in Surveillance Cohort Long-Term Toxicity of Antiretrovirals, an active, multicenter, prospective, observational pharmacovigilance…

Rank73.0

Multicenter clinical study

Heterogeneity of baseline immune activation and SARS-CoV-2 vaccine responses in people with HIV: a multicenter prospective study.

AIDS (London, England) · 2026 · PMID 42227026

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine whether baseline immune activation and inflammation contribute to heterogeneity in SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-induced immunity in antiretroviral therapy (ART)-treated people with HIV (PWH) compared to controls. METHODS: In this multicenter prospective study, 159 ART-treated PWH from two cohorts and 56 HIV-negative controls were enrolled. The two PWH cohorts differed in immunovirological control: one showed sustained viral suppression and CD4 + T-cell recovery, the other per…

Rank73.0

Multicenter clinical study

Vascular risk drives cognitive decline over 10 years in people aging with well controlled HIV.

AIDS (London, England) · 2026 · PMID 42412399

OBJECTIVE: To characterize long-term cognitive trajectories in adults aging with well controlled HIV and identify baseline predictors of cognitive decline. DESIGN: Prospective, multicenter longitudinal cohort study with repeated cognitive assessments for up to 10 years. METHODS: Positive Brain Health Now enrolled HIV+ adults aged ≥35 years without dementia and followed at 9-12-month intervals across two study phases (2013-2018; 2019-2024). Cognitive performance was assessed using the Brief Cognitive Ability Measure…

Rank72.8

Prospective cohort study

Associations of atherogenic index of plasma and its related obesity‑composite indices with cardiometabolic multimorbidity across glycemic states: A prospective cohort study of Chinese middle‑aged and older adults.

Diabetes research and clinical practice · 2026 · PMID 42710548

AIMS: To investigate associations of atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and seven obesity-composite indices with cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) across glycemic states. METHODS: We included 7,974 participants from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Cox regression, restricted cubic splines (RCS), receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses, net reclassification improvement (NRI), and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) assessed associations and incremental predictive value …

Rank71.3

Prospective cohort study

A US-Based National Virtual Cohort of People Living With HIV at Risk for Viral Nonsuppression: Protocol for the EPI-LoVE Prospective Cohort Study.

JMIR research protocols · 2026 · PMID 42842829

BACKGROUND: Despite advances in HIV treatment, many people living with HIV fail to achieve or maintain viral suppression. Individuals who experience interruptions in HIV care, adherence challenges, and viral nonsuppression are often underrepresented in clinic-based cohort studies. Virtual cohort methodologies offer opportunities to recruit, engage, and retain these populations while integrating longitudinal behavioral, biomarker, and digital engagement data needed to characterize dynamic changes in HIV care engagem…

Rank70.6

Prospective cohort study

Psychosocial vulnerabilities and loss to follow-up in people living with HIV in France.

HIV medicine · 2026 · PMID 42593250

BACKGROUND: Migration status is consistently associated with a higher risk of loss to follow-up (LTFU). We investigated how sex, sexual orientation and social vulnerabilities affect the association between migration status and LTFU for hospital care in people living with HIV, using data from the ANRS CO9-COPANA cohort linked to the nationwide French hospital database on HIV (ANRS CO4-FHDH). METHODS: The COPANA prospective cohort enrolled antiretroviral drug-naïve adults newly diagnosed with HIV-1 between 2004 and 2…

Rank70.5

Prospective cohort study

Lung and abdominal ultrasound accuracy for tuberculosis: An Indian prospective cohort study.

PloS one · 2025 · PMID 40901833

BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis remains a challenge, particularly in low-resource settings. Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) has shown promise, but most studies focus on HIV-infected populations. In the case of TB, data on lung ultrasound (LUS) are sparse. Therefore, this study evaluates the diagnostic accuracy of lung and abdominal ultrasound for TB diagnosis in an Indian tertiary care hospital. METHODS: We prospectively enrolled adults with presumed TB and performed comprehensive ultrasound assessments. A…

Rank70.1

Prospective cohort study

Morbidity patterns and survival among children living with HIV and HIV-exposed uninfected children in North Karnataka, India: a community-based prospective cohort study.

Frontiers in public health · 2026 · PMID 42890862

BACKGROUND: Children living with HIV (CLHIV) continue to face high rates of infection and morbidity despite improved ART coverage. This study aimed to (i) compare the prevalence and factors associated with acute morbidities between CLHIV and HIV-exposed uninfected children (HEUC) and (ii) estimate survival probabilities over a two-year follow-up period in a community-based cohort from North Karnataka. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective cohort study was conducted in Belagavi district. Data were collected over e…

Rank70.0

Multicenter clinical studyResult signal: harm

Analytical description of adverse events with long-acting injectable cabotegravir and rilpivirine in people living with HIV: a large multicentre prospective observational cohort study (SCOLTA).

HIV research & clinical practice · 2026 · PMID 42765669

INTRODUCTION: Long-acting injectable cabotegravir plus rilpivirine (LA CAB+RPV) is a highly effective, well-tolerated antiretroviral regimen, but real-world adverse event (AE) data remain limited. We characterised the type and frequency of AEs associated with LA CAB+RPV in people with HIV in routine clinical practice. METHODS: This multicentre, prospective, observational study (SCOLTA project, Italy) enrolled people with HIV initiating LA CAB+RPV. Clinical characteristics, AEs and discontinuations were systematical…

Rank70.0

Multicenter clinical study

Distance from low-density lipoprotein cholesterol targets across cardiovascular risk strata in people living with HIV: A multicentre cohort study.

International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2026 · PMID 42431541

INTRODUCTION: Previous studies have described the gap between statin indication and prescription among people living with HIV (PLWH) using binary measures, which fail to capture the magnitude of residual lipid burden. OBJECTIVES: To quantify lipid burden in PLWH by measuring the distance from recommended LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) targets ("LDL-C excess") across cardiovascular risk categories. DESIGN: Multicentre, nationwide, prospective cohort study. METHODS: We analysed data from 2,190 PLWH enrolled in the SCOLTA co…

Rank70.0

Prospective cohort studyResult signal: harm

Empiric tuberculosis treatment and 12-month mortality among sputum GeneXpert-negative adults living with HIV in Uganda in the era of widespread antiretroviral therapy: A prospective cohort study.

PloS one · 2026 · PMID 42709757

BACKGROUND: In sub-Saharan Africa where both tuberculosis (TB) and HIV are prevalent, empiric TB treatment in people living with HIV (PLHIV) persists due to limited sensitivity of sputum-based TB tests. We evaluated mortality among molecular test-negative presumptive TB adult PLHIV in a population with widespread antiretroviral therapy (ART) coverage, comparing those empirically treated and not treated for TB. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From November 2017 to December 2020, Xpert-negative adult PLHIV were recruited at M…

Rank69.9

Prospective cohort study

Response times from gap detection threshold testing relate to cognitive processing speed in young adults.

Neuroscience · 2026 · PMID 42398888

OBJECTIVE: In addition to a gap detection threshold, an auditory gap detection task also provides information on response time. This study investigated the association of response time from an adaptive gap detection task with two validated measures of cognitive processing speed as well as scores from a cognitive screener, while accounting for the effects of age, peripheral hearing ability, and HIV status. DESIGN: Participants (age 17-45 years) were from a prospective cohort study in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania with nor…

Rank69.5

Prospective cohort study

Rapid antiretroviral therapy initiation is associated with improved early retention in care and accelerates viral suppression among individuals newly diagnosed with HIV.

AIDS care · 2026 · PMID 42657525

Successful human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) treatment may depend on early linkage to care to sustain retention. This study evaluated whether rapid initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) improves retention in care and accelerates viral suppression among individuals newly diagnosed with HIV at a Ryan White-funded clinic. This prospective cohort study included treatment-naïve adults diagnosed with HIV between 2021 and 2023. Participants were classified into rapid and non-rapid ART groups based on timing of prese…

Quality Of Life70 records

Rank105.4

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: null

Assistive technologies (lumbar supports and other devices) for treating chronic low back pain.

The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2026 · PMID 42680183

RATIONALE: Low back pain (LBP) is a major global health problem. It is the most common cause of activity limitation amongst individuals younger than 45 years, and one of the most frequent reasons for visits to a doctor. The 2019 Global Burden of Disease study named LBP as the leading cause of the need for rehabilitation, estimated to affect 568 million people. Its socioeconomic burden is substantial, with LBP-related costs from productivity loss and healthcare services utilisation making a significant impact on nat…

Rank103.8

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Surgical Reconstruction of Irreparable Hip Abductors With the Use of Allograft: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Clinical Outcomes.

The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons · 2026 · PMID 41823157

BACKGROUND: Chronic hip abductor insufficiency remains a challenging problem to treat and can result in notable disability in some patients. The use of allograft has become an increasingly common option for surgical reconstruction. The purpose of this systematic review was to analyze the clinical outcomes, complications, and revisions rates of patients who underwent allograft reconstruction for irreparable hip abductor tears. METHODS: PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus (EMBASE, MEDLINE, COMPENDEX), and Cochrane databases wer…

Rank102.1

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Physical activity interventions for cardiometabolic and psychosocial outcomes in people living with HIV in sub Saharan Africa: A systematic review.

PLOS global public health · 2026 · PMID 42804422

UNLABELLED: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has extended the lifespan of people living with HIV (PWH), resulting in a growing burden of cardiometabolic disease (CMD) associated with chronic HIV infection and the effects of ART. Physical activity (PA) may reduce CMD risk while improving psychosocial health among PWH. We systematically reviewed the efficacy of PA interventions for improving cardiometabolic and psychosocial outcomes among PWH in sub-Saharan Africa (sSA). Web of Science, PubMed, African Index Medicus, Emb…

Rank101.2

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: benefit

Australian critical care : official journal of the Confederation of Australian Critical Care Nurses · 2026 · PMID 42673737

Rank96.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Pharmacological and Nonpharmacological Interventions to Address Insomnia Symptoms and Poor Sleep Quality Among People With HIV: Protocol for a Scoping Review.

JMIR research protocols · 2026 · PMID 42873550

Rank96.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

The Architecture of Shared Decision-Making in Postmastectomy Breast Reconstruction: A Systematic Review of Concepts, Measures, and Clinical Realities.

Annals of surgical oncology · 2026 · PMID 42829411

BACKGROUND: Shared decision-making (SDM) is central to postmastectomy breast reconstruction (PMBR), yet its conceptualization, implementation, and evaluation remain heterogeneous. This study aimed to systematically synthesize the evidence on SDM processes, interventions, measurement approaches, and implementation in PMBR. METHODS: Following a preregistered protocol (OSF; https://osf.io/mu9hv ), we searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, Trip, and Cochrane from inception to November 2025. Eligible studies i…

Rank96.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Barriers, limitations, and merits of mobility-enhancing devices among older adults and individuals with mobility impairments.

Disability and rehabilitation. Assistive technology · 2026 · PMID 42765896

PURPOSE: In older adults, mobility limitations cause functional decline, loss of independence, and reduced quality of life. Many mobility devices, walking aids, wheelchairs, wearables, and robotic technologies are designed to improve access, aid mobility, and enhance quality of life. This systematic review aims to systematically synthesise and critically evaluate the available evidence regarding mobility-enhancing assistive technologies. METHODS: Following PRISMA, PubMed, Scopus, and Embase were systematically sear…

Rank96.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Factors associated with quality of life among people living with HIV in Malaysia: a systematic review.

AIDS care · 2026 · PMID 42784845

Research on factors associated with quality of life (QoL) among people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Malaysia is reported to be fragmented and underexplored. In response, the current systematic review aimed to synthesise the existing evidence regarding factors associated with QoL among this population. A systematic search for studies in PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus, APA PsycArticles, and CINAHL databases from inception up to 21 June 2026 was conducted. The inclusion criteria were original peer-reviewed papers, conducted wi…

Rank91.2

Randomized clinical studyResult signal: null

Implementation of a Guideline-Based Preference Elicitation Tool to Enhance Shared Decision-Making in Supervised Exercise Therapy for Patients With Intermittent Claudication: A Multi-Methods Cluster Randomized Trial.

Physical therapy · 2026 · PMID 42878725

IMPORTANCE: Shared decision-making is not yet common practice in physical therapy, emphasizing the need for effective decision aids. A preference elicitation tool (PE-tool) was designed to complement supervised exercise therapy (SET) in intermittent claudication treatment. OBJECTIVE: Primarily, to assess the impact of implementing the PE-tool on patients' functional walking distance (FWD), maximal walking distance (MWD) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) after 3 and 6 months. Secondarily, to assess the tool…

Rank88.7

Randomized clinical study

Effectiveness of Yoga-based guided meditation In Improving the quality of sleep in patients with coronary artery disease: The Yoga Nidra Trial.

American journal of preventive cardiology · 2027 · PMID 42893216

BACKGROUND: Poor sleep quality has emerged as a risk for coronary artery disease (CAD) and is also associated with poor prognosis and increased mortality. Sleep aids, among CAD patients, lead to increased heart failure, hospitalisation, and mortality. Yoga Nidra, a form of guided meditation, has been shown to improve sleep quality and duration. The aim of the study is to evaluate the adjunctive effect of Yoga Nidra on actigraphy-measured sleep quality parameters, psychological outcomes, and health-related quality o…

Rank85.0

Randomized clinical study

Influence of Infection Duration on Physical, Psychological, and Quality of Life Responses to Combined Training in People With HIV in Brazil: A Nonrandomized Clinical Trial Protocol From the CALM-HIV Study.

The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care : JANAC · 2026 · PMID 42820493

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has increased life expectancy for people with HIV (PWH), but prolonged infection and ART exposure contribute to early-onset sarcopenia, frailty, and metabolic dysfunction. Combined aerobic and strength training may mitigate these complications, although responses may vary according to clinical history. This clinical trial will include PWH aged 50 years and older, stratified by time since HIV diagnosis and ART exposure. Participants will be allocated to a 12-week, supervised, combined tr…

Rank77.8

Multicenter clinical study

Reliability and validity of the Turkish translation of the MOS-HIV health survey in people living with HIV.

Frontiers in public health · 2026 · PMID 42903257

BACKGROUND: Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is a key patient-centered outcome in HIV care, particularly in the current treatment era in which virological control is increasingly achievable but residual physical, mental, and social burden may persist. However, the clinical applicability of HIV-specific HRQoL instruments in Turkish-speaking people living with HIV (PLWH) remains insufficiently established. We aimed to characterize HRQoL in a multicenter Turkish sample of PLWH and to evaluate whether the Turkish…

Rank75.6

Multicenter clinical studyCorrection flagged

Impact of bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide on health-related quality of life and economic outcomes in HIV care: Substudy of the BIC-NOW clinical trial.

PloS one · 2025 · PMID 40982450

BACKGROUND: The BICNOW clinical trial evaluated the effectiveness, safety, satisfaction, adherence to treatment, and retention in the system of a rapid initiation strategy with bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (BIC/FTC/TAF) in naïve HIV-infected individuals. It also assessed the burden of this infection on individuals and healthcare systems using various instruments, participant questionnaires, and pharmacoeconomic evaluations of this antiretroviral therapy (ART). This substudy focused on changes in …

Rank73.5

Multicenter clinical study

CABO-CHANCE study: A real-life world study of cabotegravir plus rilpivirine long-acting intramuscular in ART-experienced people with HIV.

International journal of antimicrobial agents · 2026 · PMID 42409127

Rank73.0

Multicenter clinical study

Patient-reported quality of life in people living with HIV in Romania: a cross-sectional PROM-based study.

HIV research & clinical practice · 2026 · PMID 42169383

BACKGROUND: In Romania, people living with HIV represent heterogeneous cohorts shaped by distinct epidemiological and social contexts. While antiretroviral therapy (ART) has markedly improved survival, quality-of-life (QoL) encompasses broader dimensions not fully captured by clinical indicators. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) offer a valuable approach to understanding these dimensions in routine care. METHODS: We conducted a multicenter, cross-sectional study using the OCTAVE PROM to assess patient-repo…

Rank73.0

Multicenter clinical study

A head-to-head comparison of health utilities and measurement properties of the EQ-5D-5L and SF-6Dv2 among people living with HIV in China.

Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2026 · PMID 42717154

PURPOSE: To compare health utilities and measurement properties of the EQ-5D-5L and SF-6Dv2 among people living with HIV (PLHIV) in China, and to identify factors associated with utility values. METHODS: A multicenter cross-sectional survey was conducted among PLHIV in Shandong, Guangdong, and Sichuan provinces. Utilities were calculated using Chinese value sets. Ceiling/floor effects were evaluated. Convergent validity and agreement were assessed using Spearman's rank correlation, intraclass correlation coefficien…

Rank70.0

Multicenter clinical study

Standing strong and tall-improving mobility and balance in older Aboriginal people through the Ironbark program.

Age and ageing · 2026 · PMID 42704260

BACKGROUND: Prevention of falls aids healthy ageing, but there are few Aboriginal-led and designed programs. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Ironbark, an Aboriginal co-designed fall prevention program, on functional mobility, a key indicator of falls. METHODS: This controlled pre-post study was conducted in organisations delivering services to Aboriginal people aged 45 years and older in New South Wales and Western Australia. A co-designed fall prevention program incorporating exercises and y…

Rank60.0

Observational or cohort study

Structural associations between health insurance and mental well-being among people living with HIV: a multi-method analysis.

International journal for equity in health · 2026 · PMID 42919284

BACKGROUND: In the post-antiretroviral therapy (ART) era, HIV care has shifted towards maximizing multidimensional Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL), yet a "clinical-social disconnect" persists among virally suppressed patients. This study investigates the structural associations between institutional health insurance tiers and mental well-being among people living with HIV (PLWH), exploring an 'Environment-Centric' associational framework. METHODS: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted among 710…

Rank54.8

Other PubMed-indexed publication

Observed Service Utilization Differences and Audiometric Profiles Among Adults With Hearing Loss in Eastern Coastal Provinces in China.

Journal of audiology & otology · 2026 · PMID 42947553

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: : Hearing loss is a major public health concern that hampers communication, social participation, and quality of life. To date, large-scale demographic and audiometric characteristic data for adults seeking hearing care services in China are limited. We aimed to assemble demographic and audiometric profiles for adults requesting hearing care services for the first time in selected eastern coastal provinces of China, with a focus on service- and region-specific patterns in observed service…

The Lancet. Global health · 2026 · PMID 42586107

Rank99.2

Randomized controlled trial

Next-Generation Bed Nets to Control Malaria in Côte d'Ivoire.

NEJM evidence · 2026 · PMID 42937427

BACKGROUND: Next-generation long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) treated with more than one insecticide have been insufficiently evaluated in West Africa. METHODS: In this cluster randomized clinical trial, 33 clusters of villages (1-3 villages per cluster) in Côte d'Ivoire were randomly assigned (11 clusters per group) to use pyrethroid-only (py-only; MAGNet) (control), piperonyl butoxide-pyrethroid (PBO-py; Veeralin), or chlorfenapyr-pyrethroid (CFP-py; Interceptor G2) LLINs. One net was distributed for every t…

Rank98.6

Randomized controlled trial

Evaluating adherence in an active-controlled HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis trial (PrEPVacc) to inform the estimation of HIV incidence in a counterfactual placebo arm.

HIV research & clinical practice · 2025 · PMID 40497744

BACKGROUND: Inferring the counterfactual placebo HIV incidence using the estimated effectiveness of Emtricitabine/Tenofovir (TDF/FTC) in active-controlled pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) trials has been suggested. However, it has not yet been widely applied. In this article, we evaluate adherence to TDF/FTC in the PrEPVacc trial (NCT04066881) and consider how such adherence data could be used to estimate the effectiveness of TDF/FTC and subsequently, HIV incidence in a counterfactual placebo arm in a predominantly …

Rank98.6

Randomized controlled trial

Rank96.8

Randomized controlled trialResult signal: benefit

Switch to injectable cabotegravir-rilpivirine given every 8 weeks in adolescents living with HIV with virological suppression in sub-Saharan Africa (LATA): a randomised, open-label, multicentre, 96-week non-inferiority trial.

Lancet (London, England) · 2026 · PMID 42753775

Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026 · PMID 42903070

Rank92.0

Randomized controlled trial

Participant experiences of stopping ART as part of a clinical trial; findings from a qualitative study within the RIO trial in the United Kingdom.

HIV research & clinical practice · 2026 · PMID 42826224

Rank87.0

Randomized clinical study

International journal of nanomedicine · 2026 · PMID 42891393

Rank85.0

Randomized clinical studyResult signal: harm

Impact of CD4 T cell counts on the immunogenicity and safety of the recombinant zoster vaccine in people living with HIV.

International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2026 · PMID 42710800

OBJECTIVES: People living with HIV (PLWH) are at increased risk for herpes zoster. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the immunogenicity and safety of the recombinant zoster vaccine (RZV) in PLWH across low and high CD4 counts, and in participants living without HIV (PLWoH). METHODS: In this non-randomized clinical trial, virologically suppressed PLWH receiving antiretroviral therapy and PLWoH received two doses of RZV. PLWH were stratified into low (<300 cells/μL) and high (≥300 cells/μL) CD4 groups. Anti-gl…

Rank78.2

Multicenter clinical study

Neurocognitive Performance and Depressive Mood in People With HIV: The Role of Prescription Opioids Use.

Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2026 · PMID 41627899

BACKGROUND: The issue of potential adverse reactions or toxicities of pharmacotherapies used for chronic diseases in people with HIV is still to be clarified. METHODS: This study targeted potential effects on neurocognition and mood from prescription opioids, alone or in combination with other classes of drugs, using cross-sectional data from 400 participants in the multicenter CNS HIV Anti-Retroviral Therapy Effects Research study. RESULTS: We found that prescription opioid use alone was not associated with neuroc…

Rank75.6

Multicenter clinical studyCorrection flagged

Impact of bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide on health-related quality of life and economic outcomes in HIV care: Substudy of the BIC-NOW clinical trial.

PloS one · 2025 · PMID 40982450

Treatments That Failed Clinical Trials61 records

Rank101.3

Randomized controlled trialResult signal: harm

Adenovirus type 5 vector-based COVID-19 vaccine does not increase the likelihood of HIV infection.

Vaccine · 2026 · PMID 41785679

BACKGROUND: There is a concern about the potential increased risk of acquiring HIV infection after vaccination with adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) vector-based vaccines. We aimed to investigate whether Ad5-nCoV increases the risk of HIV infection. METHODS: Between September 2020 and March 2021, a Phase 3 clinical trial was executed to evaluate the efficacy of Ad5-nCoV. This trial, employing a double-blind, randomized, and placebo-controlled design, enrolled 44,247 participants from 66 clinical sites spanning Argentina, Ch…

Rank100.7

Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

Comparison of the Hearing Benefits and User Satisfaction With Hearing Aids and Personal Sound Amplification Products: A Multicenter Prospective Randomized Crossover Trial.

Journal of Korean medical science · 2026 · PMID 42011002

BACKGROUND: While hearing aids (HAs) remain the primary intervention for hearing loss, their high cost creates barriers to access. Personal sound amplification products (PSAPs) are a more affordable alternative, but few studies have compared their efficacy to those of HAs. This multicenter, prospective, randomized, crossover trial was conducted to compare audiologic performance and user satisfaction between HAs and PSAPs to evaluate PSAP potential as alternatives for hearing rehabilitation. METHODS: A total of 73 p…

Rank100.6

Randomized controlled trialResult signal: benefit

Fluconazole plus flucytosine versus fluconazole alone for adults with HIV-associated cryptococcal antigenaemia identified through screening: a multi-centre phase III randomised-controlled trial.

Trials · 2026 · PMID 41877274

BACKGROUND: Despite the expansion of antiretroviral treatment programmes, the incidence and mortality of HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis remain high in Africa. Cryptococcal antigen (CrAg) in the blood precedes meningitis. CrAg screening of individuals with advanced HIV disease, combined with pre-emptive fluconazole treatment, reduces the risk of cryptococcal meningitis and associated mortality. However, mortality among individuals with antigenaemia treated with fluconazole is higher than that of CD4-matched …

Rank100.5

Randomized controlled trial

LC16m8 for Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Against Mpox in a High-Risk Population: An Open-Label Randomized Trial.

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026 · PMID 39982831

BACKGROUND: This randomized controlled trial provided LC16m8 pre-exposure prophylaxis to high-risk individuals to assess its efficacy for mpox prevention, safety, and immunogenicity. METHODS: This multicenter, randomized, open-label trial enrolled men and women aged ≥18 years at high risk of mpox. Participants were randomly assigned 1:1 to early- or late-vaccination groups. The primary endpoint was vaccine efficacy (VE) against mpox. Secondary endpoints included VE against severe mpox, symptoms, "take" incidence, a…

Rank99.3

Randomized controlled trial

Comparable Inflammatory and Metabolic Outcomes After Switching to Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide Versus Continuing Dolutegravir/Lamivudine in Virologically Suppressed Adults With HIV (INSTINCT/GESIDA10918 Study).

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026 · PMID 41070447

BACKGROUND: Dual antiretroviral therapy (ART) with dolutegravir/lamivudine (DTG/3TC) is widely used in virologically suppressed individuals. However, data remain limited on potential differential effects of ART regimens on mid-term systemic inflammation and metabolic health. We evaluated whether switching from DTG/3TC to bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (BIC/FTC/TAF) modifies systemic inflammation or metabolic parameters. METHODS: INSTINCT was a phase IV, multicenter, open-label, randomized trial enr…

Rank99.3

Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

Efficacy and safety of the Chinese herbal medicine Yiaikang capsule in treating AIDS: a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial.

Journal of ethnopharmacology · 2026 · PMID 41967778

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: The Shuyu pill is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, used to treat Xu Lao for over 1800 years. Studies have reported the effectiveness of Yiaikang capsules (YAK), a modified form of Shuyu pills, in AIDS treatment. However, clinical evidence for the management of AIDS using YAK is lacking. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of YAK combined with antiretroviral therapy (ART) among people living with HIV infection. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a randomized, do…

Rank99.0

Randomized controlled trial

Promoting shared decision-making in colorectal cancer screening in primary care: A cluster randomized controlled trial.

PloS one · 2026 · PMID 42263092

INTRODUCTION: In Switzerland, primary care physicians (PCP) prescribe colonoscopy for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening rather than offering a choice between colonoscopy and faecal occult blood test (FOBT). This study evaluated a training program promoting shared decision-making for CRC screening. METHODS: PCP from a research network were randomized 1:1 into intervention or control. The intervention group received study materials, patient decision aids, evidence summary, FOBT sample kit, and personalized feedback o…

Rank98.6

Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

Early antiretroviral therapy and long-term cancer risk in HIV: 9-year outcomes from the START randomized trial.

BMC cancer · 2026 · PMID 42251304

BACKGROUND: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) reduces cancer risk in people with HIV (PWH) but the long-term impact of immediate ART initiation on infection-related and infection-unrelated cancers remains unclear. METHODS: In the Strategic Timing of Antiretroviral Treatment (START) trial, 4684 ART-naïve adult PWH with CD4 + T-cell count above 500 cells/mm3 were randomized to immediate or deferred ART initiation arms (i.e., until CD4 + T-cells below 350 cells/mm3). In May 2015, unblinding revealed a 74% reduction in infe…

Rank98.4

Randomized controlled trial

HIV Care Retention and Cost Analysis in Multi-Month ART Dispensing: A Randomized Controlled Trial in China.

Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2026 · PMID 42339560

INTRODUCTION: Multi-month dispensing (MMD), as a differentiated service delivery model, can reduce the frequency of clinic visits, waiting time and travel costs for clinically stable people living with HIV. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of 6-month MMD of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on retention and conduct a cost analysis in China. METHODS: We conducted a randomized, non-blind, non-inferiority study from December 2022 to March 2023 at The First Hospital of China Medical University. Eligible participants …

Rank97.8

Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

Weight gain, body composition, and metabolic parameters of dolutegravir-based antiretroviral therapy versus standard of care in children and adolescents: an ancillary analysis of the ODYSSEY trial.

The Lancet. Child & adolescent health · 2026 · PMID 41579881

BACKGROUND: ODYSSEY trial showed superior efficacy of dolutegravir-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) versus then-current, non-dolutegravir standard of care over 96 weeks in children and adolescents living with HIV. The aim of this ancillary analysis was to compare anthropometric and body composition outcomes, including weight, height, BMI-for-age Z score, weight-for-age and height-for-age Z scores (<14 kg), mid-upper-arm circumference (MUAC), waist circumference, hip circumference, and body fat percentage, as well…

Rank97.7

Randomized controlled trial

Genotype distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) types in oral gargle specimens among men living with HIV in Mexico, Brazil, and Puerto Rico: A cross-sectional study.

The Journal of infection · 2026 · PMID 42070588

OBJECTIVES: Assess the distribution of oral HPV genotypes and examine their associations with age and HIV-related factors among men living with HIV. METHODS: This cross-sectional study analyzed baseline data from a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled Phase III trial ('ULACNet-201'; NCT04255849) assessing the 9vHPV vaccine's efficacy in PLWH. Participants included men aged 20-50 years from Brazil, Mexico, and Puerto Rico, on antiretroviral therapy for ≥6 months. Oral HPV genotypes were assessed using the …

Rank97.7

Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

AIDS (London, England) · 2026 · PMID 41467698

OBJECTIVES: We examined whether effects of an agricultural livelihood intervention on food insecurity and psychosocial outcomes remained robust in pregnant compared to nonpregnant women living with HIV, and whether potentially negative associations between pregnancy and these outcomes were alleviated by the intervention. DESIGN: Secondary analysis of the Shamba Maisha cluster-randomized controlled trial ( N = 396 women; NCT02815579). The intervention included agribusiness training and supplies. METHODS: Food insecu…

Rank97.2

Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

Frailty phenotype transitions and functional improvements during a supervised exercise trial in older people with HIV: results from the HEALTH Trial.

Age and ageing · 2026 · PMID 42407092

Rank97.2

Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

Repeat Behavioral Counseling, With and Without Combination Nicotine Replacement Therapy, for Smoking Cessation Among People With HIV in South Africa.

AIDS and behavior · 2026 · PMID 41689618

Repeating an intervention strategy consistent with the chronic disease care model has been demonstrated to be efficacious in improving cessation outcomes among smokers. However, evidence is lacking for repeat treatment outcomes among people with HIV (PWH) who smoke in low-resource settings. We evaluated outcomes among participants (n = 384) who were provided a second round of treatment after initial treatment failure in a randomized controlled trial of behavioral counseling (BC) with or without combination nicotine…

Rank96.9

Randomized controlled trial

Mediation Effects of Biobehavioral Factors in a Trial of Pharmacotherapy and Intensive Cessation Counseling for People with HIV Who Smoke Cigarettes in Nairobi, Kenya.

AIDS and behavior · 2026 · PMID 41369963

There is growing recognition of the important health risks of tobacco use in people with HIV (PWH). Multiple randomized controlled trials have tested cessation treatments in this population, but little is known about factors that mediate successful quitting. We conducted a randomized, placebo-controlled 2 × 2 factorial design trial of a behavioral intervention (Positively Smoke Free [PSF] one-on-one counseling) vs. brief advice to quit ± bupropion vs. placebo in PWH who smoked cigarettes in Nairobi, Kenya. Abstinen…

Rank96.7

Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

Clinical breast cancer · 2026 · PMID 42531657

BACKGROUND: For people with breast cancer facing adjuvant treatment decisions, it is unclear whether providing a patient decision aid (PtDA) before versus during the consultation leads to greater involvement in shared decision-making (SDM). The overall aim was to evaluate the effect of a digital preconsult PtDA compared with an identical in-consult paper-based PtDA. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this randomized controlled trial, patients with breast cancer eligible for adjuvant treatment were randomized to a digital PtD…

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Alexandria organizes PubMed-indexed literature. PubMed inclusion does not establish accuracy, endorsement, clinical applicability, or treatment suitability. Automated extraction can contain errors or omissions. This page is not medical advice.