Viral infections evidence library

Influenza

A living PubMed evidence library for human influenza prevention, antiviral treatment, vaccines, severe disease, resistance, and emerging strains.

PubMed only Research ranked Conflicts shown Data downloadable

Living evidence synopsis

What the current PubMed collection shows.

Alexandria currently organizes 599 non-retracted PubMed-indexed records for Influenza. The structured collection includes 18 guideline or consensus records, 84 evidence syntheses/systematic reviews/meta-analyses, and 110 randomized or phase III studies. 60 records were identified by the configured last-24-month search. Conflict-of-interest statements are available in the PubMed record for 495 of 599 included records.

Engine 0.3.2 Snapshot v1 Updated 2026-08-02 Download source data · CSV

PubMed records599Non-retracted records included

Last 24 months60Records found by the recent-research search

High-priority evidence194Syntheses, reviews, randomized and phase III studies

Effect estimates230Machine-readable values extracted from abstracts

COI statements82.6%Coverage within PubMed records

Funding records114PMIDs with grant/funding metadata

Evidence data

Research landscape

Charts are generated from Alexandria’s structured PubMed records, not copied from journal figures.

Publication activity

Records by publication year

Latest 12 represented years

2014

2016

2020

2021

2022

2023

2024

2025

457

2026

Evidence composition

Study designs

Other or unclassified247

Randomized trials106

Preclinical/laboratory65

Systematic reviews43

Meta-analyses41

Prospective cohorts22

Clinical guidelines18

Observational studies15

Cohort studies14

Case reports10

Transparency

Conflict-of-interest reporting

COI statement present218

Reported no conflicts198

Not reported in PubMed record104

Declared financial/industry relationship79

Absence of a conflict-of-interest statement in PubMed does not establish that no conflict existed.

Abstract result signals

Extracted result direction

Not extractable from abstract518

Neutral/null signal44

Harm signal22

Supportive signal13

Mixed signal2

Reported outcomes

Numerical results extracted from PubMed abstracts

Each value remains attached to its original PMID. Alexandria does not pool these results or imply that unlike populations and endpoints are directly comparable.

Non-pooled ratio measures

Hazard, risk, and odds ratios reported in abstracts

Reference = 1.0

0.250.51.02.04.0

not_reported Odds Ratio · PMID 40166906 · 2026

25.00

not_reported Odds Ratio · PMID 40166906 · 2026

8.30

not_reported Risk Ratio · PMID 40794757 · 2026

1.04 95% CI 1.02–1.05

not_reported Risk Ratio · PMID 40794757 · 2026

1.35 95% CI 1.11–1.65

not_reported Risk Ratio · PMID 40794757 · 2026

1.00 95% CI 1.00–1.00

not_reported Risk Ratio · PMID 40794757 · 2026

1.06 95% CI 0.96–1.17

not_reported Risk Ratio · PMID 40794757 · 2026

1.21 95% CI 0.99–1.48

not_reported Risk Ratio · PMID 40794757 · 2026

1.03 95% CI 0.96–1.10

not_reported Odds Ratio · PMID 41307620 · 2026

0.94 95% CI 0.90–0.99

not_reported Risk Ratio · PMID 41349636 · 2026

0.49 95% CI 0.31–0.79

adverse events Risk Ratio · PMID 41349636 · 2026

0.83 95% CI 0.74–0.94

mortality Risk Ratio · PMID 41349636 · 2026

0.99 95% CI 0.83–1.19

mortality Risk Ratio · PMID 41349636 · 2026

1.11 95% CI 0.86–1.44

not_reported Hazard Ratio · PMID 41360330 · 2026

2.89

View extracted numerical results 60

Publication	Outcome	Measure	Reported value	Source
Clinical features of respiratory syncytial virus and influenza infections in hospitalized adults across three Italian regions.Monaldi archives for chest disease = Archivio Monaldi per le malattie del torace · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	25.0	PMID 40166906
Clinical features of respiratory syncytial virus and influenza infections in hospitalized adults across three Italian regions.Monaldi archives for chest disease = Archivio Monaldi per le malattie del torace · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	8.3	PMID 40166906
Global association between air pollution and risk of influenza-related outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.International journal of environmental health research · 2026	not_reported	Risk Ratio	1.037 95% CI 1.019–1.055	PMID 40794757
Global association between air pollution and risk of influenza-related outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.International journal of environmental health research · 2026	not_reported	Risk Ratio	1.351 95% CI 1.107–1.649	PMID 40794757
Global association between air pollution and risk of influenza-related outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.International journal of environmental health research · 2026	not_reported	Risk Ratio	1.003 95% CI 1.001–1.004	PMID 40794757
Global association between air pollution and risk of influenza-related outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.International journal of environmental health research · 2026	not_reported	Risk Ratio	1.064 95% CI 0.964–1.174	PMID 40794757
Global association between air pollution and risk of influenza-related outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.International journal of environmental health research · 2026	not_reported	Risk Ratio	1.207 95% CI 0.988–1.475	PMID 40794757
Global association between air pollution and risk of influenza-related outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.International journal of environmental health research · 2026	not_reported	Risk Ratio	1.027 95% CI 0.962–1.097	PMID 40794757
Influenza Vaccine Uptake in the Elderly: Biopsychosocial Vulnerabilities and Effectiveness of a Community-Health Worker Administered Preventive Program.Journal of community health · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	0.94 95% CI 0.9–0.99	PMID 41307620
Comparison of Myeloablative Busulfan/Cyclophosphamide and Busulfan/Fludarabine for Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Transplantation and cellular therapy · 2026	not_reported	Risk Ratio	0.49 95% CI 0.31–0.79	PMID 41349636
Comparison of Myeloablative Busulfan/Cyclophosphamide and Busulfan/Fludarabine for Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Transplantation and cellular therapy · 2026	adverse events	Risk Ratio	0.83 95% CI 0.74–0.94	PMID 41349636
Comparison of Myeloablative Busulfan/Cyclophosphamide and Busulfan/Fludarabine for Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Transplantation and cellular therapy · 2026	mortality	Risk Ratio	0.99 95% CI 0.83–1.19	PMID 41349636
Comparison of Myeloablative Busulfan/Cyclophosphamide and Busulfan/Fludarabine for Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Transplantation and cellular therapy · 2026	mortality	Risk Ratio	1.11 95% CI 0.86–1.44	PMID 41349636
Cladribine as an Alternative to Fludarabine in Melphalan and Total Body Irradiation-Based Reduced Intensity Conditioning.Transplantation and cellular therapy · 2026	not_reported	Percentage Comparison	62.8percent vs 33.3percent P = .04	PMID 41360330
Cladribine as an Alternative to Fludarabine in Melphalan and Total Body Irradiation-Based Reduced Intensity Conditioning.Transplantation and cellular therapy · 2026	not_reported	Hazard Ratio	2.89 P = .008	PMID 41360330
Disparities in uptake of Shingrix® vaccine in immunosuppressed individuals in England: a population-based cohort study.Vaccine · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	0.53	PMID 41435736
Disparities in uptake of Shingrix® vaccine in immunosuppressed individuals in England: a population-based cohort study.Vaccine · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	0.61	PMID 41435736
Impact of Real-Time, On-Demand Influenza and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Testing at Point-of-Care on Antibiotic Prescribing and Clinical Outcome in Pediatric Outpatients With Acute Respiratory Illness: A Prospective, Quasi-Randomized, Controlled Study.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	0.366	PMID 41474255
Impact of Real-Time, On-Demand Influenza and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Testing at Point-of-Care on Antibiotic Prescribing and Clinical Outcome in Pediatric Outpatients With Acute Respiratory Illness: A Prospective, Quasi-Randomized, Controlled Study.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	3.99	PMID 41474255
[Vaccination of Older Adults in Portugal: Recommendations from the Geriatrics Study Group of the Portuguese Society of Internal Medicine].Acta medica portuguesa · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	21.0	PMID 41490687
Parental acceptability of new RSV preventive therapies for infants: A cross-sectional survey in Canada.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	3.64	PMID 41529699
Parental acceptability of new RSV preventive therapies for infants: A cross-sectional survey in Canada.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	3.65	PMID 41529699
Parental acceptability of new RSV preventive therapies for infants: A cross-sectional survey in Canada.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	2.31	PMID 41529699
Parental acceptability of new RSV preventive therapies for infants: A cross-sectional survey in Canada.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	3.76	PMID 41529699
Parental acceptability of new RSV preventive therapies for infants: A cross-sectional survey in Canada.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	2.04	PMID 41529699
Parental acceptability of new RSV preventive therapies for infants: A cross-sectional survey in Canada.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	2.32	PMID 41529699
Parental acceptability of new RSV preventive therapies for infants: A cross-sectional survey in Canada.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	0.51	PMID 41529699
Serological protection against influenza and cardiovascular events in cardiac ICU patients during seasonal epidemics.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2026	not_reported	Percentage Comparison	84.6percent vs 37.5percent P < 0.001	PMID 41570890
Serological protection against influenza and cardiovascular events in cardiac ICU patients during seasonal epidemics.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2026	not_reported	Percentage Comparison	28.2percent vs 40.8percent P = 0.009	PMID 41570890
Serological protection against influenza and cardiovascular events in cardiac ICU patients during seasonal epidemics.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2026	not_reported	Percentage Comparison	0.8percent vs 4.6percent P = 0.009	PMID 41570890
Serological protection against influenza and cardiovascular events in cardiac ICU patients during seasonal epidemics.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2026	not_reported	Percentage Comparison	53.1percent vs 67.1percent P = 0.009	PMID 41570890
Factors influencing influenza vaccine hesitancy among cancer patients: a multicenter cross-sectional study based on the Health Belief Model.BMC infectious diseases · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	0.707 95% CI 0.548–0.857	PMID 41580637
Factors influencing influenza vaccine hesitancy among cancer patients: a multicenter cross-sectional study based on the Health Belief Model.BMC infectious diseases · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	0.635 95% CI 0.562–0.717	PMID 41580637
Factors influencing influenza vaccine hesitancy among cancer patients: a multicenter cross-sectional study based on the Health Belief Model.BMC infectious diseases · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	0.673 95% CI 0.585–0.774	PMID 41580637
Factors influencing influenza vaccine hesitancy among cancer patients: a multicenter cross-sectional study based on the Health Belief Model.BMC infectious diseases · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	2.964 95% CI 1.449–6.063	PMID 41580637
Factors influencing influenza vaccine hesitancy among cancer patients: a multicenter cross-sectional study based on the Health Belief Model.BMC infectious diseases · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	2.336 95% CI 1.118–4.882	PMID 41580637
Factors influencing influenza vaccine hesitancy among cancer patients: a multicenter cross-sectional study based on the Health Belief Model.BMC infectious diseases · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	7.522 95% CI 3.545–15.962	PMID 41580637
Phase 1/2 randomized, observer-blind clinical trial of a first-generation, mRNA-based vaccine against seasonal influenza and COVID-19 in healthy adults.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	100.0	PMID 41627968
Phase 1/2 randomized, observer-blind clinical trial of a first-generation, mRNA-based vaccine against seasonal influenza and COVID-19 in healthy adults.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026	adverse events	Odds Ratio	2.0	PMID 41627968
Comparative analysis of parental hesitancy toward influenza vaccination for children versus themselves in post-pandemic China: A cross-sectional study.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026	vaccine effectiveness	Odds Ratio	3.37 95% CI 1.42–7.98	PMID 41677245

Research transparency

Funding and conflicts of interest

Conflict and funding fields reproduce what is available in PubMed records. Missing disclosure data does not establish that no conflict or funding existed.

COI statement coverage82.6%104 records have no COI statement exposed in PubMed.

Funding metadata coverage19.0%Coverage indicates whether grant/funding metadata was present, not independence or study quality.

Most frequently reported funding agencies

NIAID NIH HHS29

U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH)11

National Natural Science Foundation of China10

NCI NIH HHS7

CIHR6

NIH HHS6

NCATS NIH HHS6

Wellcome Trust5

View records with declared financial or industry relationships 12

Synergy between HA cleavage site sequence and NA-mediated plasminogen recruitment as a virulence mechanism for low-pathogenic avian influenza.

P.D. is a member of the UK government Department for Food, Environment and Rural Affairs (Defra) Science and Advisory Council subgroup on Emerging & Exotic Diseases (SAC-ED). He also has an active consultancy agreement with Immunova Therapeutics Ltd. P.D. and L.V. hold a patent in the area of influenza vaccines, and L.V. has a patent application pending for avian organoids. S.D.W. is a member of the Advisory Committee of Avian Influenza and Newcastle Disease of the Dutch Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries, Food Security, and Nature.

PMID 41744684 · 2026

Empirical Antifungal Treatment of Critically Ⅲ Patients With Influenza-Associated Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Propensity Score Weighted Observational Study.

Potential conflicts of interest. The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai has filed patent applications relating to influenza virus vaccines and influenza virus therapeutics which list Florian Krammer as co-inventor. Florian Krammer has consulted for Merck, Curevac, GSK, Seqirus and Pfizer and is currently consulting for 3rd Rock Ventures, Gritstone and Avimex. The Krammer laboratory is also collaborating with Dynavax on influenza vaccine development and with VIR on influenza virus therapeutics. R. K. received investigator-initiated research grants from Merck, Pfizer, and Mundipharma, all unrelated to the submitted work. All other authors declare no potential conflict of interest with the subject of the manuscript. All other authors report no potential conflicts. All authors have submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. Conflicts that the editors consider relevant to the content of the manuscript have been disclosed.

PMID 40971881 · 2026

Prevention, diagnosis and management of community acquired respiratory virus infections including COVID-19 in patients with cancer: 2025 updated evidence-based guideline of the infectious diseases working party (AGIHO) of the German society for hematology and medical oncology (DGHO).

Declarations. Competing interests: NG reports honoraria from Abbvie, AstraZeneca, Gilead, GSK, Hexal, Janssen, MSD, Oncopeptides, Pfizer, Sanofi, Takeda, and was consultant to AstraZeneca, BMS, MSD, Oncopeptides, Pfizer, Sanofi, Takeda. OAC reports research grants or contracts from iMi, iHi, DFG, BMBF, Cidara, DZIF, EU-DG RTD, F2G, Gilead, MedPace, MSD, Mundipharma, Octapharma, Pfizer, Scynexis, consulting fees from Abbvie, AiCuris, Basilea, Biocon, Cidara, Elion Therapeutics, Gilead, GSK, IQVIA, Janssen, Matinas, MedPace, Menarini, Molecular Partners, Melinta, MSG-ERC, Mundipharma, Noxxon, Octapharma, Pardes, Partner Therapeutics, Pfizer, PSI, Scynexis, Seres, Seqirus, honoraria from Abbott, Abbvie, Akademie für Infektionsmedizin, Al-Jazeera Pharmaceuticals/Hikma, amedes, AstraZeneca, Deutscher Ärzteverlag, Gilead, GSK, Grupo Biotoscana/United Medical/Knight, Ipsen Pharma, Medscape/WebMD, MedUpdate, MSD, Moderna, Mundipharma, Noscendo, Paul-Martini-Stiftung, Pfizer, Sandoz, Seqirus, Shionogi, streamedup!, Touch Independent, Vitis, payment for expert testimony from Cidara, participation on data safety monitoring or advisory boards from AstraZeneca, Boston Strategic Partners, Cidara, IQVIA, Janssen, MedPace, Melinta, PSI, Pulmocide, Shionogi, The Prime Meridian Group, Vedanta Biosciences. BEOJ reports honoraria from AstraZeneca, Gilead, Pfizer, GSK, ViiV, Janssen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Fresenius Medical Care, Falk Foundation, MSD and was consultant to GSK, ViiV, Gilead, MSD, AstraZeneca, Theratechnologies. MBM received honoraria and travel grants from AbbVie, AstraZeneca, Gilead Sciences, Novavax, Pfizer, ViiV Healthcare. SCM reports research grants form DZIF and University of Cologne and has received honoraria as a speaker by Pfizer. CR reports honoraria and has served on advisory boards from Abbvie, AstraZeneca, BeiGene, Bristol Myers Squibb, CSL Sequirius, Gilead, GSK, Johnson & Johnson, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Oncopeptides, Pfizer, Roche, and Sanofi. KS reports honoraria from Abbvie, Alexa, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Pfizer, Sanofi, Stemline, Takeda, Sobi, Leo Pharma, Servier, Bristol Myers Squibb, MSD, Gilead, AstraZeneca, SoBi. MH reports honoraria from Amgen, Beigene, Gilead, Janssen, Sanofi, and Menarini, and served on advisory boards of Amgen, Beigene, BMS, Gilead, Janssen, Menarini, Merck, Oncopeptides, and Sanofi. PS reports honoraria and/or consulting fees from Alexion, AOP Orphan, Blueprint Medicines, Bristol Myers Squibb, Sanofi, Incyte, Merck Serono, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Swedish Orphan Biovitrum, and GSK. DT has received research grants from Gilead, honoraria from and served as a consultant to AbbVie, BioNTech, Gilead, iQone, Jazz, Mikrogen, MSD, Noscendo, Octapharma, Pfizer, Tillotts, and Takeda, honoraria from AstraZeneca, F2G, Janssen, Novartis, and Sanofi, and travel grants from AbbVie, Astellas, Celgene, Gilead, Jazz, Medac, MSD, and Tillotts. SV: MSD, SymBio, Takeda.

PMID 41563477 · 2026

Vaccination and immunization schedule of the Pediatric Spanish Association: 2026 recommendations.

Declaration of competing interest (last five years) FJAG has collaborated in educational activities funded by AstraZeneca, GlaxoSmithKline, MSD, Pfizer and Sanofi and as a consultant in GlaxoSmithKline, MSD, Pfizer and Sanofi advisory boards. AIA has collaborated in educational activities funded by AstraZeneca, GlaxoSmithKline, MSD and Pfizer and as a consultant in GlaxoSmithKline and Pfizer advisory boards. He has also received funding from GlaxoSmithKline, MSD and Pfizer to attend domestic educational activities. JAA has collaborated in educational activities funded by AstraZeneca, GlaxoSmithKline, MSD, Pfizer, Sanofi and Seqirus, as a researcher in clinical trials for GlaxoSmithKline and Sanofi and as a consultant in AstraZeneca, GlaxoSmithKline, MSD, Pfizer and Sanofi advisory boards. EGL has received funding to attend domestic educational activities and has participated in educational activities funded by GlaxoSmithKline, MSD, Pfizer and Sanofi, as a researcher in clinical trials for GlaxoSmithKline and MSD and as an advisory board consultant for GlaxoSmithKline. LLG has collaborated in educational activities funded by AstraZeneca, GlaxoSmithKline, MSD, Moderna and Sanofi and as an advisory board consultant for MSD, Pfizer and Sanofi. She has also received funding from Pfizer and Sanofi to attend educational activities in Spain and abroad, and received grants sponsored by GlaxoSmithKline. MLNG has collaborated in educational activities funded by Gilead, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen, MSD, Pfizer and ViiV, as a consultant in Abbott, AstraZeneca, Novartis and ViiV advisory boards and as a researcher in clinical trials sponsored by GlaxoSmithKline, Pfizer, Roche and Sanofi. VPS has received funding from MSD, Pfizer and Sanofi to attend educational activities in Spain and abroad, has collaborated in educational activities funded by AstraZeneca, GlaxoSmithKline, MSD, Pfizer and Sanofi and as a consultant in GlaxoSmithKline, Pfizer and Sanofi advisory boards. IRC has collaborated in educational activities funded by GlaxoSmithKline, MSD, Moderna, Pfizer and Sanofi, as a researcher in vaccine clinical trials for Abbot, AstraZeneca, Enanta, Gilead, GlaxoSmithKline, HIPRA, Janssen, Medimmune, Merck, Moderna, MSD, Novavax, Pfizer, Reviral, Roche, Sanofi and Seqirus and as a consultant in GlaxoSmithKline, MSD, Pfizer and Sanofi advisory boards. JRC has collaborated in educational activities funded by GlaxoSmithKline, MSD, Pfizer and Sanofi and as a researcher in clinical trials for GlaxoSmithKline and Pfizer. ISC has collaborated in educational activities funded by GlaxoSmithKline, MSD, Moderna, Novavax, Pfizer, Sanofi and Seqirus, as a researcher in vaccine clinical trials for Ablynx, Abbot, Almirall, Allergan, Astra Zeneca, Biomedal, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen, Lilly, Medimmune, Merck, MSD, Moderna, Nestlé, Novavax, Novartis, Nutricia, Pfizer, Roche, Regeneron, Sanofi, Seqirus and Wyeth and as a consultant in Astra Zeneca, GSK, MSD, Moderna, Novavax, Pfizer and Sanofi advisory boards. PSM has collaborated in educational activities funded by Astra-Zeneca, GlaxoSmithKline and MSD, as a researcher in clinical trials for Sanofi and as a consultant in GlaxoSmithKline and Sanofi. He has also received funding from GlaxoSmithKline, MSD and Pfizer to attend educational activities in Spain and abroad, and received grants sponsored by GlaxoSmithKline.

PMID 41577399 · 2026

Pathogenicity and transmissibility of bovine-derived HPAI H5N1 B3.13 virus in pigs.

The J.A.R. laboratory received support from Tonix Pharmaceuticals, Xing Technologies, Esperovax, and Zoetis, outside of the reported work. J.A.R. is inventor on patents and patent applications on the use of antivirals and vaccines for the treatment and prevention of virus infections, owned by Kansas State University.

PMID 40396285 · 2025

Synthetic DNA co-immunization with vaccine-aligned common consensus nucleoprotein and hemagglutinin protects mice against lethal influenza infection with a single immunization.

DBW has received grant funding from industry for sponsored research collaborations, he has received speaking honoraria and received fees for consulting or serving on scientific review committees. Remunerations received by DBW include direct payments and equity/options. DBW also discloses the following associations with commercial partners: Geneos consultant/advisory board, AstraZeneca advisory board and speaker, Inovio board of directors and consultant, Sanofi advisory board, BBI advisory board, Pfizer advisory board, Flagship consultant, and Advaccine consultant. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be constructed as a potential conflict of interest.

PMID 41383614 · 2025

Insights on the practical application of the current treatment consensus in rhabdomyolysis management: a case report.

Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Not applicable. Consent for publication: Written consent for publication of clinical details has been obtained from the patient and the parental guardian prior to submission. Competing interests: T.R. has received funding for lectures and has been consultant or advisory board member for Alexion, AstraZeneca, B. Braun, Baxter, bioMérieux, Boehringer Ingelheim, Contatti (CytoSorbents), Eurofarma, George Clinical, Jafron, Lifepharma, Medcorp, Nipro, and Nova Biomedical; S. M. is shareholder of Artcline GmbH and received funding for lectures and has been consultant or advisory board member Cytosorbents Europe GmbH; C.R. has been on advisory boards or speaker’s bureau for AstraZeneca, Aferetica, Asahi, B. Braun, Baxter, bioMérieux, CytoSorbents, GE, Medica, Medtronic, and Jafron; G.K. has received funding for lectures for Artcline GmbH and Cytosorbents Europe GmbH and has received research grants from the German Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.

PMID 41267038 · 2025

Management of Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis in Intensive Care Units: Guidelines From the Fungal Infection Network of Switzerland (FUNGINOS).

Outside of the present work: F. Lamoth: research funding from MSD, Pfizer and Novartis, speaker honoraria from Gilead, MSD, Pfizer, Mundipharma and Becton‐Dickinson. W. Albrich: speaker honoraria from Pfizer, GSK, MSD and A. Vogel; travel support from Pfizer, Gilead and GSK; participation in advisory boards for Pfizer, MSD, GSK, Sanofi, Moderna, Janssen and Aurovir. I. Reinhold: speaker honoraria from Menarini Group. J. Sumer: travel support from Gilead. V. Bättig: travel support from Gilead. A. Conen: travel support from Gilead. E. Hofmann: travel support from Gilead and Astra Zeneca. C. Le Terrier: speaker and advisory boards honoraria from Advanz Pharma. N.J. Rupp: travel support from Roche Diagnostics AG, honoraria for advisory board from AbbVie AG. P.W. Schreiber: travel supports from Pfizer and Gilead. F. Kadgien: travel supports from Tillots and Gilead. D. Neofytos: research grants from MSD, Pfizer and Takeda, speaker honoraria from Pfizer, Gilead, MSD and Takeda, participation on advisory board for Novo Nordisk and travel support from Gilead. N. Khanna: honoraria for conferences, data safety monitoring boards or advisory boards from Gilead, MSD, Pfizer, Idorsia, Takeda and Pulmicide.

PMID 41311305 · 2025

A consensus HA DNA vaccine targeting clade 2.3.4.4 H5Nx influenza viruses provides broad cross-clade protection in mice and ferrets.

Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Doo-Jin Kim has patent issued to Chungbuk National University Industry Cooperation Foundation. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

PMID 40902412 · 2025

How Pandemics Have Reshaped the Respiratory Virus Data Landscape in Europe: Scoping Review.

Conflicts of Interest: CM is an employee of Sanofi and owns stock. MCN reports research grants from Sanofi and personal fees from Pfizer and Sanofi.

PMID 42467815 · 2026

Considerations for assessing the feasibility of network meta-analysis of seasonal vaccines.

Competing interests disclosure. A Cichewicz, M Betts and N Mesaros are employees of PPD™ Evidera™ Health Economics and Market Access, Thermo Fisher Scientific. H Burnett is an independent consultant in the field of health economics and outcomes research. The authors have no other competing interests or relevant affiliations with any organization/entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed. No external writing support was used for the development of this manuscript. The authors have no other competing interests or relevant affiliations with any organization or entity with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed. The authors have no other competing interests or relevant affiliations with any organization/entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed. The authors have no other competing interests or relevant affiliations with any organization or entity with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed.

PMID 42370650 · 2026

Enhancing uptake of respiratory vaccinations in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients: a systematic review.

Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Oxford University has entered into a partnership with AstraZeneca for further development of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19. Anna Goodman is named as an inventor on a patent covering use of a particular promoter construct that is often used in ChAdOx1-vectored vaccines and is incorporated in the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine. She has benefited from royalty income paid to the University of Oxford from sales of this vaccine by AstraZeneca and its licensees under the University's revenue sharing policy. She may benefit further in the future. The organisation and department in which we work has delivered vaccine trials for commercial sponsors including Jansen, AZ, Moderna, Novavax.

PMID 42000586 · 2026

The American journal of cardiology · 2026

Influenza infection increases cardiovascular risk in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) or heart failure (HF). This updated meta-analysis evaluated the cardiovascular benefits of influenza vaccination in these populations. Two complementary approaches were used: an individual patient data (IPD) meta-analysis for the primary outcome (reconstructed from published Kaplan-Meier curves) and conventional study-level random-effects meta-analyses for all outcomes. Cox models were used to estimate pooled hazard ratios (HRs). Heterogeneity was explored using subgroup, sensitivity, and meta-regression analyses, and study quality was assessed with RoB 2 and ROBINS-I. Twenty-three studies (7 RCTs…

PMID 41951138

Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · PMID 42518305

Treatment Options Studied in the PubMed Collection

These are interventions detected in PubMed metadata and abstracts. Inclusion does not establish approval, effectiveness, suitability, or standard-of-care status.

moderate-confidence evidence

Influenza Vaccines

111 linked PMIDs1182478 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented: reported clinical outcomes, mortality, adverse events, quality of life, pneumonia, vaccine effectiveness, hospitalization, seroconversion
Populations represented: general population; influenza A; older adults; children; seasonal influenza; influenza A; seasonal influenza
Mechanism: METHODS: A novel adjuvant VP, formulated with squalene, sea buckthorn oil, and the TLR3 agonist Poly(I: C), was designed While both binding and neutralizing antibody titers against SARS-CoV-2 were not significantly different between groups postvaccination, there was a higher fold-change in BA.5 and ancestral strain neutralizing antibodies in the opposite-arm group.CONCLUSIONInfluenza vaccination is equivalently immunogenic if given in the same arm or opposite arms as the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, but it may be preferable to administer the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine at a different site from influenza vaccines.TRIAL REGISTRATIONAustralian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12624000445572.FUNDINGAustralian National Health and Medical Research Council, Australian Medical Research Future Fund, and National Institutes of H

PMID 42121086 PMID 42370650 PMID 40835927 PMID 36941155 PMID 41686169 PMID 42286357 PMID 42272185 PMID 42372017

moderate-confidence evidence

influenza vaccine

53 linked PMIDs34204 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented: reported clinical outcomes, adverse events, quality of life, seroconversion, mortality, hospitalization, vaccine effectiveness, serious adverse events
Populations represented: general population; seasonal influenza; children; influenza A; older adults; influenza A; older adults
Mechanism: METHODS: A two-phase randomized controlled trial will be conducted in community hospitals across China targeting healthcare workers as participants By targeting healthcare workers, these interventions can also indirectly enhance vaccination coverage in the general population

PMID 42121086 PMID 36941155 PMID 42286357 PMID 42228981 PMID 42372017 PMID 42105399 PMID 42010692 PMID 42484114

preliminary evidence

Antiviral Agents

37 linked PMIDs38137 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented: reported clinical outcomes, adverse events, mortality, serious adverse events, antiviral resistance, symptom duration, hospitalization, quality of life
Populations represented: influenza A; general population; first-line; neuraminidase; influenza A; avian influenza; influenza A; seasonal influenza; influenza A; seasonal influenza; severe influenza
Mechanism: Its active metabolite, GP1707D07, specifically inhibits PA endonuclease activity Time-resolved functional assays demonstrate that Fan primarily inhibits H1N1 infection at the entry stage by obstructing endolysosomal trafficking

PMID 42450260 PMID 41870058 PMID 41927824 PMID 41932663 PMID 42419220 PMID 42263913 PMID 42353118 PMID 42108174

moderate-confidence evidence

Antibodies, Viral

33 linked PMIDs9781 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented: reported clinical outcomes, seroconversion, vaccine effectiveness, adverse events, serious adverse events, mortality, viral shedding, quality of life
Populations represented: influenza A; avian influenza; hemagglutinin; general population; children; influenza A; influenza B; seasonal influenza; hemagglutinin; influenza A; hemagglutinin; older adults
Mechanism: While both binding and neutralizing antibody titers against SARS-CoV-2 were not significantly different between groups postvaccination, there was a higher fold-change in BA.5 and ancestral strain neutralizing antibodies in the opposite-arm group.CONCLUSIONInfluenza vaccination is equivalently immunogenic if given in the same arm or opposite arms as the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, but it may be preferable to administer the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine at a different site from influenza vaccines.TRIAL REGISTRATIONAustralian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12624000445572.FUNDINGAustralian National Health and Medical Research Council, Australian Medical Research Future Fund, and National Institutes of H As a primary regimen, the Flu‑CoV2 vaccine effectively induced strong IgG and neutralizing antibody responses against both influenza and SARS‑CoV‑2

PMID 39041887 PMID 39786918 PMID 42492070 PMID 42378965 PMID 42303005 PMID 42482445 PMID 42539595 PMID 40396285

moderate-confidence evidence

COVID-19 Vaccines

30 linked PMIDs5758 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented: reported clinical outcomes, mortality, adverse events, pneumonia, seroconversion, quality of life, vaccine effectiveness
Populations represented: influenza A; general population; older adults; influenza A; seasonal influenza
Mechanism: While both binding and neutralizing antibody titers against SARS-CoV-2 were not significantly different between groups postvaccination, there was a higher fold-change in BA.5 and ancestral strain neutralizing antibodies in the opposite-arm group.CONCLUSIONInfluenza vaccination is equivalently immunogenic if given in the same arm or opposite arms as the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, but it may be preferable to administer the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine at a different site from influenza vaccines.TRIAL REGISTRATIONAustralian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12624000445572.FUNDINGAustralian National Health and Medical Research Council, Australian Medical Research Future Fund, and National Institutes of H As a primary regimen, the Flu‑CoV2 vaccine effectively induced strong IgG and neutralizing antibody responses against both influenza and SARS‑CoV‑2

PMID 42388750 PMID 42000586 PMID 39786918 PMID 40639178 PMID 42492070 PMID 42539595 PMID 40592680 PMID 41961609

preliminary evidence

Oseltamivir

21 linked PMIDs32322 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented: reported clinical outcomes, mortality, adverse events, serious adverse events, antiviral resistance, symptom duration, hospitalization, pneumonia
Populations represented: influenza A; first-line; neuraminidase; influenza A; avian influenza; general population; influenza A; seasonal influenza; influenza A; seasonal influenza; severe influenza
Mechanism: Not explicitly reported in the retrieved PubMed metadata or abstracts.

PMID 38185405 PMID 42450260 PMID 41571900 PMID 42505441 PMID 41644361 PMID 41914623 PMID 37802879 PMID 38494721

moderate-confidence evidence

Vaccines, Inactivated

15 linked PMIDs5128 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented: adverse events, reported clinical outcomes, quality of life, seroconversion, vaccine effectiveness, hospitalization, pneumonia
Populations represented: children; influenza A; general population; influenza B; children; seasonal influenza; older adults
Mechanism: While both binding and neutralizing antibody titers against SARS-CoV-2 were not significantly different between groups postvaccination, there was a higher fold-change in BA.5 and ancestral strain neutralizing antibodies in the opposite-arm group.CONCLUSIONInfluenza vaccination is equivalently immunogenic if given in the same arm or opposite arms as the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, but it may be preferable to administer the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine at a different site from influenza vaccines.TRIAL REGISTRATIONAustralian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12624000445572.FUNDINGAustralian National Health and Medical Research Council, Australian Medical Research Future Fund, and National Institutes of H Repeat vaccination with egg-based influenza vaccines could preferentially boost antibodies targeting the egg-adapted epitopes and reduce immunogenicity to circulating viruses

PMID 41940741 PMID 41386374 PMID 41920404 PMID 39786918 PMID 42303005 PMID 42000149 PMID 36941155 PMID 42286357

preliminary evidence

Pneumococcal Vaccines

11 linked PMIDs54 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented: pneumonia, reported clinical outcomes, mortality, adverse events, serious adverse events, vaccine effectiveness
Populations represented: older adults; influenza A; older adults; seasonal influenza; influenza A
Mechanism: We evaluate vaccines targeting influenza, Streptococcus pneumoniae, SARS-CoV-2, and other relevant pathogens, and explore determinants influencing vaccine efficacy, including optimal timing, formulation, and patient-specific immune parameters

PMID 41871621 PMID 40931721 PMID 41490687 PMID 41972797 PMID 41665459 PMID 42105399 PMID 41985962 PMID 42000586

limited evidence

Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus

10 linked PMIDs— reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented: reported clinical outcomes, vaccine effectiveness
Populations represented: avian influenza; hemagglutinin; influenza A; influenza B; seasonal influenza; hemagglutinin; hemagglutinin; influenza A; severe influenza; first-line; hemagglutinin
Mechanism: Vaccination elicited strong neutralizing antibody and T cell responses, protecting mice against lethal challenge with homologous viruses Nanobody, the variable domain of heavy chain-only antibody, offers unique advantages for viral neutralization due to its small size, stability, and accessibility to cryptic epitopes.Methods:In this study, we isolated a human nanobody, nAb35, targeting the hemagglutinin of the dairy cattle H5N1 virus A/Texas/37/2024 (clade 2.3.4.4b) via phage display of a human nanobody library

PMID 42097265 PMID 42306856 PMID 40396285 PMID 40902412 PMID 42269026 PMID 42370406 PMID 42423758 PMID 42081324

preliminary evidence

Vaccines

9 linked PMIDs2096 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented: reported clinical outcomes
Populations represented: general population; children; advanced
Mechanism: We summarize the mechanisms and clinical relevance of licensed and advanced adjuvants, including alum, MF59, AS01/AS04, saponins, toll-like receptor agonists, and lipid nanoparticles, with emphasis on influenza, HPV, herpes zoster, and COVID-19 vaccines Preclinical and clinical advances against influenza, coronaviruses, flaviviruses, filoviruses, and critically, bacterial, fungal, parasitic, and DNA virus targets are summarized

PMID 42246489 PMID 40531668 PMID 42022831 PMID 41960944 PMID 41954836 PMID 42048372 PMID 41774860 PMID 42405958

limited evidence

RNA, Viral

9 linked PMIDs629 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: mostly neutral
Outcomes represented: reported clinical outcomes, adverse events, mortality, serious adverse events
Populations represented: influenza A; general population
Mechanism: Here, we perform an integrative meta-analysis of eight published SARS-CoV-2 RNA-protein interactomes and compare them with corresponding Influenza A virus, Zika virus, and Dengue virus datasets to define conserved host networks and prioritize candidate host-directed antiviral targets Together, these findings generate a consensus map of conserved host dependencies and highlight prioritized targets for future mechanistic and translational studies

PMID 42149692 PMID 41777069 PMID 42184674 PMID 41692223 PMID 42363877 PMID 38159017 PMID 38526550 PMID 38290199

moderate-confidence evidence

Anti-Bacterial Agents

8 linked PMIDs47 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented: reported clinical outcomes, quality of life, hospitalization, pneumonia, adverse events
Populations represented: general population; first-line; children; influenza A; children
Mechanism: Not explicitly reported in the retrieved PubMed metadata or abstracts.

PMID 42026892 PMID 41845258 PMID 42396858 PMID 42128160 PMID 40764073 PMID 40817233 PMID 41162196 PMID 36384484

preclinical evidence only

Drugs, Chinese Herbal

7 linked PMIDs108 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented: pneumonia, reported clinical outcomes, adverse events, serious adverse events
Populations represented: influenza A; general population
Mechanism: Integrating absorbed components and network pharmacology to predict its potential for treating influenza and its mechanism of action Mechanistically, GGD suppressed the STAT3/HIF-1α signaling axis and downregulated downstream pro-inflammatory mediators

PMID 41651040 PMID 41850635 PMID 41932663 PMID 41671880 PMID 42385325 PMID 42507727 PMID 38412322

preliminary evidence

Zanamivir

6 linked PMIDs33199 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented: mortality, adverse events, serious adverse events, antiviral resistance, reported clinical outcomes
Populations represented: influenza A; seasonal influenza; severe influenza; influenza A; seasonal influenza; neuraminidase; influenza A; influenza A; pandemic influenza; neuraminidase; children; influenza A; older adults; children
Mechanism: Not explicitly reported in the retrieved PubMed metadata or abstracts.

PMID 39181595 PMID 39181596 PMID 40056452 PMID 41060047 PMID 24815805 PMID 25415374

preclinical evidence only

Cytokines

6 linked PMIDs683 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: mostly supportive
Outcomes represented: reported clinical outcomes, quality of life
Populations represented: general population; seasonal influenza; hemagglutinin
Mechanism: Mechanistically, GGD suppressed the STAT3/HIF-1α signaling axis and downregulated downstream pro-inflammatory mediators METHODS: A novel adjuvant VP, formulated with squalene, sea buckthorn oil, and the TLR3 agonist Poly(I: C), was designed

PMID 42286357 PMID 42385325 PMID 41668586 PMID 42104474 PMID 40239903 PMID 41208956

moderate-confidence evidence

Antibodies, Neutralizing

6 linked PMIDs56 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: mostly neutral
Outcomes represented: reported clinical outcomes, vaccine effectiveness
Populations represented: influenza A; avian influenza; hemagglutinin; hemagglutinin
Mechanism: While both binding and neutralizing antibody titers against SARS-CoV-2 were not significantly different between groups postvaccination, there was a higher fold-change in BA.5 and ancestral strain neutralizing antibodies in the opposite-arm group.CONCLUSIONInfluenza vaccination is equivalently immunogenic if given in the same arm or opposite arms as the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, but it may be preferable to administer the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine at a different site from influenza vaccines.TRIAL REGISTRATIONAustralian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12624000445572.FUNDINGAustralian National Health and Medical Research Council, Australian Medical Research Future Fund, and National Institutes of H As a primary regimen, the Flu‑CoV2 vaccine effectively induced strong IgG and neutralizing antibody responses against both influenza and SARS‑CoV‑2

PMID 39786918 PMID 42482445 PMID 42539595 PMID 40902412 PMID 42370406 PMID 40810533

preliminary evidence

Vaccines, Attenuated

4 linked PMIDs3320 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented: adverse events, vaccine effectiveness, quality of life, reported clinical outcomes
Populations represented: children; influenza B; children; influenza A
Mechanism: Dupilumab, an antagonist of the shared alpha chain subunit of the cytokines interleukin-4 and interleukin-13, has revolutionised the management of moderate-to-severe AD by effectively targeting type 2 inflammation

PMID 39729925 PMID 40697050 PMID 40754333 PMID 37246259

preliminary evidence

Dibenzothiepins

4 linked PMIDs897 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented: reported clinical outcomes, adverse events
Populations represented: influenza A; seasonal influenza; influenza A; influenza A; seasonal influenza; neuraminidase; children
Mechanism: Not explicitly reported in the retrieved PubMed metadata or abstracts.

PMID 38494721 PMID 40056452 PMID 40131019 PMID 34387680

Conflicting Research

higher-confidence evidence

Influenza Vaccines · multiple reported outcomes

37 studies

Status: apparently conflicting; different clinical questions. Population: general population. Comparator: multiple or inconsistently reported comparators.

The records use different or inconsistently reported comparators.
The records report different endpoints or outcome definitions.
The evidence combines different study designs.
Some abstracts do not state whether the primary endpoint was met.

null: 5unknown: 29harm: 2benefit: 1

PMID 41248504 PMID 41951138 PMID 41961609 PMID 40973981 PMID 41771112 PMID 41950629 PMID 42121086 PMID 42534960 PMID 41855648 PMID 38177116

higher-confidence evidence

influenza vaccine · multiple reported outcomes

25 studies

Status: apparently conflicting; different clinical questions. Population: general population. Comparator: multiple or inconsistently reported comparators.

The records use different or inconsistently reported comparators.
The records report different endpoints or outcome definitions.
The evidence combines different study designs.
Some abstracts do not state whether the primary endpoint was met.

null: 4unknown: 20harm: 1

PMID 41248504 PMID 40973981 PMID 41950629 PMID 42121086 PMID 42534960 PMID 41855648 PMID 41936374 PMID 38602539 PMID 41974008 PMID 40239903

higher-confidence evidence

Influenza Vaccines · multiple reported outcomes

20 studies

Status: apparently conflicting; different clinical questions. Population: older adults. Comparator: multiple or inconsistently reported comparators.

The records use different or inconsistently reported comparators.
The records report different endpoints or outcome definitions.
The evidence combines different study designs.
Some abstracts do not state whether the primary endpoint was met.

null: 2unknown: 17benefit: 1

PMID 42476160 PMID 42189540 PMID 42273673 PMID 39230284 PMID 42081247 PMID 39446325 PMID 41609947 PMID 41806760 PMID 41539381 PMID 41212981

higher-confidence evidence

COVID-19 Vaccines · multiple reported outcomes

15 studies

Status: apparently conflicting; different clinical questions. Population: general population. Comparator: multiple or inconsistently reported comparators.

The records use different or inconsistently reported comparators.
The records report different endpoints or outcome definitions.
The evidence combines different study designs.
Some abstracts do not state whether the primary endpoint was met.

null: 2unknown: 11harm: 2

PMID 40592680 PMID 41961609 PMID 40239211 PMID 38602539 PMID 41620671 PMID 41680545 PMID 40097889 PMID 41780104 PMID 41989979 PMID 41617520

higher-confidence evidence

influenza vaccine · multiple reported outcomes

12 studies

Status: apparently conflicting; different clinical questions. Population: older adults. Comparator: multiple or inconsistently reported comparators.

The records use different or inconsistently reported comparators.
The records report different endpoints or outcome definitions.
The evidence combines different study designs.
Some abstracts do not state whether the primary endpoint was met.

null: 1unknown: 10benefit: 1

PMID 39869458 PMID 42476160 PMID 42189540 PMID 42081247 PMID 39446325 PMID 41609947 PMID 42475253 PMID 41212981 PMID 42372079 PMID 41884998

higher-confidence evidence

Antibodies, Viral · multiple reported outcomes

11 studies

Status: apparently conflicting; different clinical questions. Population: general population. Comparator: multiple or inconsistently reported comparators.

The records use different or inconsistently reported comparators.
The records report different endpoints or outcome definitions.
The evidence combines different study designs.
Some abstracts do not state whether the primary endpoint was met.

null: 2unknown: 8benefit: 1

PMID 41855648 PMID 38177116 PMID 41936374 PMID 40600710 PMID 41620671 PMID 36941155 PMID 42167137 PMID 41617520 PMID 42286357 PMID 42104474

higher-confidence evidence

Influenza Vaccines · multiple reported outcomes

9 studies

Status: apparently conflicting; different clinical questions. Population: seasonal influenza. Comparator: multiple or inconsistently reported comparators.

The records use different or inconsistently reported comparators.
The records report different endpoints or outcome definitions.
The evidence combines different study designs.
Some abstracts do not state whether the primary endpoint was met.

unknown: 7benefit: 1harm: 1

PMID 42001264 PMID 42105399 PMID 37591411 PMID 39919447 PMID 42010692 PMID 41631848 PMID 42374558 PMID 40970590 PMID 41985962

moderate-confidence evidence

Vidarabine · multiple reported outcomes

5 studies

Status: apparently conflicting; different clinical questions. Population: general population. Comparator: multiple or inconsistently reported comparators.

The records use different or inconsistently reported comparators.
The records report different endpoints or outcome definitions.
The evidence combines different study designs.
Some abstracts do not state whether the primary endpoint was met.

unknown: 3harm: 1null: 1

PMID 41349636 PMID 42063324 PMID 41360330 PMID 40746302 PMID 42118371

moderate-confidence evidence

fludarabine · multiple reported outcomes

5 studies

Status: apparently conflicting; different clinical questions. Population: general population. Comparator: multiple or inconsistently reported comparators.

The records use different or inconsistently reported comparators.
The records report different endpoints or outcome definitions.
The evidence combines different study designs.
Some abstracts do not state whether the primary endpoint was met.

unknown: 3harm: 1null: 1

PMID 41349636 PMID 42063324 PMID 41360330 PMID 40746302 PMID 42118371

moderate-confidence evidence

Influenza Vaccines · multiple reported outcomes

5 studies

Status: apparently conflicting; different clinical questions. Population: influenza A; children. Comparator: multiple or inconsistently reported comparators.

The records use different or inconsistently reported comparators.
The records report different endpoints or outcome definitions.
The evidence combines different study designs.
Some abstracts do not state whether the primary endpoint was met.

null: 1unknown: 3benefit: 1

PMID 39197260 PMID 41962984 PMID 42246636 PMID 42008904 PMID 42373575

preliminary evidence

Cyclophosphamide · multiple reported outcomes

3 studies

Status: apparently conflicting; different clinical questions. Population: general population. Comparator: multiple or inconsistently reported comparators.

The records use different or inconsistently reported comparators.
The records report different endpoints or outcome definitions.
The evidence combines different study designs.
Some abstracts do not state whether the primary endpoint was met.

harm: 1null: 1unknown: 1

PMID 41349636 PMID 42063324 PMID 42118371

moderate-confidence evidence

mRNA Vaccines · multiple reported outcomes

2 studies

Status: apparently conflicting; different clinical questions. Population: seasonal influenza. Comparator: multiple or inconsistently reported comparators.

The records use different or inconsistently reported comparators.
The records report different endpoints or outcome definitions.
The evidence combines different study designs.
Some abstracts do not state whether the primary endpoint was met.

benefit: 1harm: 1

PMID 42001264 PMID 39919447

Failed or Negative Trials

Influence of the Olfatín Project on the reduction of pain related to intranasal influenza vaccination, as part of a school influenza vaccination program.

randomized controlled trial · 2024 · PMID 39197260

Influenza vaccination for prevention of death and major cardiovascular events in patients with a history of stroke: A subanalysis of the VIP-ACS trial.

randomized controlled trial · 2026 · PMID 40973981

Pediatric Bronchiectasis Action Management Plan to Improve Clinical Outcomes: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

randomized controlled trial · 2025 · PMID 40930343

Impact of multifaceted health education on influenza vaccination health literacy in primary school students: a cluster randomized controlled trial.

randomized controlled trial · 2025 · PMID 40468328

Exploration of the utility of different doses of Qingfei Dayuan granules: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

randomized controlled trial · 2024 · PMID 38412322

Immunogenicity and safety of live attenuated influenza vaccine in children aged 3-17 years in China.

randomized controlled trial · 2025 · PMID 39729925

Immunogenicity and safety of recombinant influenza vaccine versus standard inactivated influenza vaccine in children aged 3 to 8 years: results from a phase III randomised study.

randomized controlled trial · 2026 · PMID 42000149

Efficacy and safety of onradivir in adults with acute uncomplicated influenza A infection in China: a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled and oseltamivir-controlled, phase 3 trial.

randomized controlled trial · 2025 · PMID 40489986

Impact of Real-Time, On-Demand Influenza and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Testing at Point-of-Care on Antibiotic Prescribing and Clinical Outcome in Pediatric Outpatients With Acute Respiratory Illness: A Prospective, Quasi-Randomized, Controlled Study.

randomized controlled trial · 2026 · PMID 41474255

Oral Favipiravir Exposure and Pharmacodynamic Effects in Adult Outpatients With Acute Influenza.

randomized controlled trial · 2024 · PMID 37739792

Emerging and Experimental Research

Immunogenicity and safety of MF59-adjuvanted H5N1 pandemic influenza vaccine in healthy infants and children: a phase 2 randomized, observer-blind, multicenter study.

randomized controlled trial · 2026 · PMID 41895156

Efficacy of swine Influenza A virus vaccines on transmission, viral shedding and clinical signs: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

meta analysis · 2026 · PMID 41946219

[Efficacy and safety of pixavir marboxil for uncomplicated influenza in adults: a phase Ⅱ, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial].

randomized controlled trial · 2026 · PMID 42373447

Immunogenicity and safety of higher-dose cell-based adjuvanted quadrivalent influenza vaccines: Combined results of randomised, controlled dose-finding and dose-confirmation studies.

randomized controlled trial · 2026 · PMID 41855648

Safety and immunogenicity of a COVID-19-Influenza Combination nanoparticle vaccine (CIC) containing SARS-CoV-2 recombinant spike and quadrivalent influenza hemagglutinin with Matrix-M® adjuvant: A phase 1/2 clinical trial.

randomized controlled trial · 2026 · PMID 42390526

Phase 1/2 randomized, observer-blind clinical trial of a first-generation, mRNA-based vaccine against seasonal influenza and COVID-19 in healthy adults.

randomized controlled trial · 2026 · PMID 41627968

Safety and immunogenicity of an investigational mRNA-lipid nanoparticle-based monovalent influenza vaccine: Results from a phase 1, randomized, dose-escalation study.

randomized controlled trial · 2026 · PMID 41701031

Optimized seasonal influenza mRNA vaccine compositions demonstrate safety and enhanced immunogenicity in a phase 2 study.

randomized controlled trial · 2026 · PMID 42441816

Immunogenicity and safety of AS03-adjuvanted A/Astrakhan/3212/2020 (H5N8)-like influenza vaccine in adults: Phase 1/2, observer-blinded, randomized trial.

randomized controlled trial · 2026 · PMID 42274331

A group 1 hemagglutinin stem vaccine elicits broad humoral responses against influenza in phase 1/2a study.

randomized controlled trial · 2026 · PMID 41974675

Evidence Gaps

Detailed risk-of-bias assessment remains limited

PubMed abstracts often do not include enough methodological detail for a complete study-level risk-of-bias assessment.

Complete Ranked PubMed Index

The retrieval-priority score orders records using publication type, recency, sample-size signals, and replication signals. It is not a recommendation or a formal risk-of-bias grade.

[Clinical practice guidelines for the treatment and prophylaxis of influenza in China (2025 edition)].

Zhonghua yi xue za zhi · 2026 · PMID 41521053

Rank110.0

Clinical guideline or consensus statement

[Clinical practice guidelines for the management of influenza in adults with chronic airway diseases].

Zhonghua jie he he hu xi za zhi = Zhonghua jiehe he huxi zazhi = Chinese journal of tuberculosis and respiratory diseases · 2026 · PMID 42108174

Rank110.0

Clinical guideline or consensus statement

Archivos de bronconeumologia · 2026 · PMID 40592680

Rank100.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

How should vaccine hesitancy be measured in healthcare workers? A systematic review of the measurement properties of validated tools.

Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025 · PMID 40531668

The use of validated tools to assess vaccine hesitancy is essential for designing strategies to improve vaccine uptake among healthcare workers (HCWs). This systematic review identified and evaluated tools measuring knowledge, attitudes, practices, vaccine intentions, and vaccine hesitancy in HCWs. Searches were conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, and JBI (PROSPERO: CRD42020212252). The methodological quality of the instruments was determined using the COnsensus-based St…

Rank100.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

An integrative meta-analysis of SARS-CoV-2 RNA-protein interactomes identifies conserved host factors shared with other RNA viruses.

Briefings in functional genomics · 2026 · PMID 42149692

RNA viruses cause substantial global disease burden and depend on host RNA-binding proteins and translation machinery. However, it remains unclear which host factors are robustly engaged across independent Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA interactome studies and to what extent these factors are shared with other RNA viruses. Here, we perform an integrative meta-analysis of eight published SARS-CoV-2 RNA-protein interactomes and compare them with corresponding Influenza A virus, Zika …

Rank98.5

Systematic review or meta-analysis

inFLUence: Development of a self-administered risk stratification tool for patients with influenza-like illness using a user-centered approach.

Health informatics journal · 2026 · PMID 41765770

BackgroundInfluenza is often self-limiting but leads to avoidable emergency department visits. This study describes the development of inFLUence, an online self-administered tool for stratifying influenza-like illness risk.MethodsThe tool was developed using a user-centered design approach, informed by a systematic review of existing risk stratification tools. A prototype was iteratively refined across three rapid prototyping cycles with 18 participants and evaluated by seven clinical experts through an online surv…

Rank77.5

Multicenter clinical studyResult signal: null

Empirical Antifungal Treatment of Critically Ⅲ Patients With Influenza-Associated Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Propensity Score Weighted Observational Study.

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026 · PMID 40971881

BACKGROUND: Influenza-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (IAPA) is a significant fungal complication in patients with influenza-induced acute-respiratory-distress-syndrome (ARDS). The impact of empirical antifungal treatment on IAPA incidence and outcomes remains unclear. METHODS: In this observational multicenter study (9 treatment centers), we included all consecutive patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) with influenza-associated ARDS between 1 September 2016 and 1 March 2025. We compared patients rec…

Rank71.1

Prospective cohort study

Factors associated with return-to-sport outcomes following pathogen-confirmed acute respiratory infections in athletes: AWARE X study.

British journal of sports medicine · 2026 · PMID 42321006

OBJECTIVE: To identify factors associated with return-to-sport (RTS) outcomes following confirmed acute respiratory infections (ARinf) in athletes. METHODS: This prospective cohort study included 114 confirmed ARinf cases among athletic individuals. Causative pathogens were identified using multiplex PCR testing, and illness severity was classified per International Olympic Committee consensus (mild, moderate and severe). RTS outcomes included time (days) to return-to-training (RTT), return-to-full-training (RTFT) …

Rank50.3

Other PubMed-indexed publication

Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of respiratory syncytial virus, SARS-CoV-2 and influenza paediatric viral respiratory infections in southwest Saudi Arabia.

Annals of medicine · 2025 · PMID 39717000

BACKGROUND: There is a global consensus that respiratory tract infections are the major causes of morbidity and mortality among children. In this study, we aimed to compare the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections among children admitted to hospital with acute respiratory infections. We also opted to identify the predictors of paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission. METHODS: I…

Rank49.5

Other PubMed-indexed publication

Strengthening India's pandemic preparedness with the four zonal institutes of virology: stakeholder consultations for outbreak response and collaborative research priorities.

Infectious diseases of poverty · 2026 · PMID 42522023

BACKGROUND: The Pradhan Mantri Ayushman Bharat Health Infrastructure Mission (PM-ABHIM) scheme, supported by the World Bank, is establishing four zonal National Institutes of Virology (NIVs) in India. It is essential to identify the zonal disease and research priorities so as to focus research at zonal levels. This study reports a zonal viral disease prioritisation exercise to support outbreak response and collaborative research. It describes zonal-prioritised viral diseases, assesses concordance and differences in…

Rank48.0

Other PubMed-indexed publication

Respiratory microbiota maturation enables machine learning based age prediction in chickens.

BMC microbiology · 2026 · PMID 41845205

BACKGROUND: Understanding how the respiratory microbiota matures with age is key to improving poultry health and pathogen surveillance, yet the ecological processes shaping this transition remain elusive. We aimed to develop an interpretable machine-learning framework capable of identifying age-associated microbial signatures within the chicken nasal microbiota across heterogeneous datasets. RESULTS: We compiled data from five independent chicken studies and normalized microbial abundances using Counts Per Million …

Rank48.0

Other PubMed-indexed publication

Implications of cytokines in Memory B cell for risk stratification and therapeutic framework construction among Pediatric Influenza patents: insights from machine learning and multi-omics.

Computational biology and chemistry · 2026 · PMID 41775124

OBJECTIVE: Cytokine storm and dysregulation of Memory B cell aggravate the symptoms and weaken the therapeutic effectiveness for Pediatric Influenza(PI) patents. Hence, deeper understanding of Integration cytokines and memory B cell can pave the way for the treatment of PI. METHODS: By integration of 2 peripheral blood bulk profiles of PI patients(GSE29366 and GSE42026) and integrative bioinformatic analysis, including CIBERSORT, WGCNA, Limma and 3 machine learning algorithms(RF, Lasso and SVM-RFE), we creatively i…

Diagnosis And Screening60 records

Rank105.8

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: null

Efficacy and Safety of Bendamustine Versus Fludarabine and Cyclophosphamide as Lymphodepleting Regimens for CAR-T Therapy in Hematological Malignancies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

European journal of haematology · 2026 · PMID 42063324

OBJECTIVES: Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy has become an established treatment for hematological malignancies. Lymphodepleting (LD) chemotherapy is a preparatory step that facilitates CAR-T cell expansion and persistence. While fludarabine and cyclophosphamide (Flu/Cy) are a standard LD regimen, bendamustine has emerged as a potential alternative. METHODS: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing the efficacy and safety of bendamustine versus Flu/Cy as LD regimens. We systemati…

Rank100.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Efficacy of swine Influenza A virus vaccines on transmission, viral shedding and clinical signs: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Preventive veterinary medicine · 2026 · PMID 41946219

Swine influenza A viruses (swIAV) are a major cause of respiratory disease in pigs, and vaccination remains the main control strategy. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to quantify the efficacy of swIAV vaccines in pigs, regarding viral transmission, viral shedding and clinical signs. Data were extracted from experimental studies involving vaccinated pigs subsequently challenged with swIAV. The review followed PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) gu…

Rank96.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Malaria Coinfections Worldwide: An Umbrella Systematic Review of Prevalence and Epidemiological Patterns.

Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2026 · PMID 42506776

Malaria coinfections with other infectious agents represent a clinically relevant epidemiological challenge, but evidence remains fragmented across individual systematic reviews. This umbrella systematic review synthesized review-level evidence on the prevalence and epidemiological patterns of concurrent malaria coinfections in human populations. PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and LILACS/BVS were searched for systematic reviews published from 1 January 2000 to March 2026. Risk of bias, certainty of…

Rank92.0

Randomized controlled trial

Improved diagnostic management of children with acute infections following the introduction of point-of-care C-reactive protein testing and general practitioner education in Latvia: a post hoc analyses of a randomised controlled intervention study.

Scandinavian journal of primary health care · 2026 · PMID 41162196

OBJECTIVE: In order to reduce unnecessary antibiotic prescribing, diagnostic processes require improvement for children in primary care. DESIGN: Post hoc analyses of randomised controlled intervention study. SETTING: Eighty general practitioner (GP) practices throughout Latvia. INTERVENTION: In the first study period, one GP group received combined interventions (access to CRP POCT and GP education), while the second GP group continued usual care (control group). In the second study period, the GP groups were switc…

Rank89.5

Randomized clinical study

Primed to feel, not to flare: Early life adversity and psychological sensitivity to interleukin-6 in a randomized trial among middle-aged female breast cancer survivors.

Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2026 · PMID 42526663

BACKGROUND: There have been recent calls to investigate potential moderators of inflammation's psychological effects in humans. In a small observational study, Kuhlman et al. (2020b) found that individuals with higher early life adversity (ELA) showed heightened psychological sensitivity (i.e., more depressed mood and poorer cognition but not decreased social connection) in response to influenza vaccine-induced increases in interleukin-6 (IL-6). In a larger cohort with a placebo-controlled experimental design, we e…

Rank79.6

Multicenter clinical study

Multicenter Clinical Comparison of the 10-Minute AMDI Fast PCR Mini Respiratory Panel and the Cepheid Xpert Xpress CoV-2/Flu/RSV plus.

The Journal of molecular diagnostics : JMD · 2026 · PMID 42202907

RT-PCR is the gold standard to determine the etiology of respiratory tract viral infections caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), influenza A, influenza B, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Multiplex testing panels can test for infections or coinfections with these viruses at the point of care. Treatment using antiviral drugs and/or monoclonal antibodies and public health measures using vaccines and specific infection prevention practices depend on accurate diagnoses. The AMDI…

Rank77.4

Multicenter clinical studyResult signal: null

Myxovirus resistance protein A to differentiate between viral and non-viral respiratory infections in adults: a prospective study.

Emerging microbes & infections · 2026 · PMID 41544183

OBJECTIVES: To assess the diagnostic utility of Myxovirus resistance protein A (MxA) in differentiating between viral and non-viral respiratory infections in adults. METHODS: This prospective, multicenter diagnostic accuracy study enrolled adults with acute respiratory infections (ARI) from outpatient and inpatient settings, alongside asymptomatic controls. Peripheral blood was collected for quantitative MxA measurement. Pathogen detection used targeted next-generation sequencing combined with conventional microbio…

Rank55.0

Other PubMed-indexed publication

Acute Encephalitis/Encephalopathy Associated With Infectious Diseases in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan: An Epidemiologic Study.

The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2026 · PMID 41673917

BACKGROUND: Multiple epidemiologic surveys of acute encephalitis/encephalopathy have been conducted in Japan; however, information on incidence rates and related infectious diseases/pathogens remains limited. OBJECTIVE: To clarify the epidemiological characteristics of acute encephalitis/encephalopathy in Fukushima Prefecture, we investigated the number of cases and the associated infectious diseases/pathogens using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in addition to conventional diagnostic methods. METHODS: We collecte…

Rank51.3

Other PubMed-indexed publication

Performance of an antigen test for detection of SARS-CoV-2, influenza, and respiratory syncytial virus-a prospective study.

Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases · 2026 · PMID 41962657

OBJECTIVES: To assess the performance of the ALL IN TRIPLEX rapid antigen-based test for SARS-CoV-2, influenza A, influenza B, and respiratory syncytial virus. We focus on the potential of the test to be used in acute clinical settings as a marker of infectiousness, by determining the sensitivity at different real-time PCR cycle threshold (Ct) levels, as well as the quantity of absorbed viral RNA needed to produce an antigen band. METHODS: In total, 1372 patients with symptoms and signs of an acute respiratory infe…

Rank50.1

Other PubMed-indexed publication

Determinants of hospitalization and pneumonia in influenza during the post-pandemic era: Role of influenza A+B coinfection.

Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease · 2026 · PMID 42143944

OBJECTIVE: In influenza, the impact of evolving diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in the post-pandemic-period on the clinical course has not yet been fully clarified. This-study evaluated the determinants of hospitalization, pneumonia-development, and clinical-outcomes in patients with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) confirmed influenza. METHODS: In this retrospective, single-center study, patients aged ≥18 years with PCR-confirmed influenza A, B, or A + B coinfection between January 2023 and December 2025 were…

Rank50.0

Other PubMed-indexed publication

Systemic antibody responses against bacterial and viral antigens associate with fatigue in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

iScience · 2026 · PMID 42495544

Fatigue is common and debilitating in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but its etiology remains unclear. Phage-display immunoprecipitation sequencing (PhIP-Seq) was used to profile systemic antibodies against 344,000 rationally selected peptide antigens in 327 patients with IBD, assessing associations with fatigue severity across quartiles and in a remission sub-cohort. No individual antibody remained significant after multiple testing correction. However, aggregation-based analyses identified recurring difference…

Rank49.9

Other PubMed-indexed publication

Application of a Super-Multiplex Microfluidic qPCR System for Detection of Respiratory Pathogens in Patients With Influenza-Like Illness.

Journal of medical virology · 2026 · PMID 42504152

Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) pose a major diagnostic challenge, complicated by multiple microbial etiologies. Conventional low-throughput methods may underestimate the prevalence and impact of co-infections. This study aimed to evaluate a novel super-multiplex microfluidic qPCR system for comprehensive 49 target pathogens screening and co-infection analysis in patients with influenza-like illness (ILI). Throat swab samples (n = 288) were collected from febrile patients in Beijing during the spring of 2025. A…

Rank49.5

Other PubMed-indexed publication

Emerging microbes & infections · 2026 · PMID 41914615

Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) and simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) infections in nonhuman primates closely approximate human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), but intrinsic viral differences limit translational relevance. A physiologically accurate HIV-1 model remains elusive. Here, we established a progressive HIV-1-like infection model using northern pig-tailed macaques (NPMs) infected with stHIV-1sv/G53D and monitored for 200 days. Results showed persistent v…

Evidence Syntheses60 records

Rank110.0

Clinical guideline or consensus statement

[Clinical practice guidelines for the management of influenza in adults with chronic airway diseases].

Zhonghua jie he he hu xi za zhi = Zhonghua jiehe he huxi zazhi = Chinese journal of tuberculosis and respiratory diseases · 2026 · PMID 42108174

Rank110.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stromal cells in COVID-19: a meta-analysis of clinical trials conducted since the pandemic onset.

Stem cell research & therapy · 2026 · PMID 42035205

BACKGROUND: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection can induce immune dysregulation and multi-organ injury; mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) therapy has shown promise in clinical trials for COVID-19 and may have broader applicability to pneumonia induced by respiratory viruses (e.g., the influenza virus). This meta-analysis synthesized the available comparative clinical evidence on the safety and efficacy of MSCs in patients with moderate to critical COVID-19 and examined the reported o…

Rank106.0

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: harm

Comparison of Myeloablative Busulfan/Cyclophosphamide and Busulfan/Fludarabine for Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Transplantation and cellular therapy · 2026 · PMID 41349636

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is a curative treatment for many hematological malignancies. The busulfan plus cyclophosphamide (Bu/Cy) combination is a standard myeloablative conditioning (MAC) regimen, but it is associated with significant regimen-related toxicity and non-relapse mortality (NRM). To mitigate these issues, a regimen combining high-dose busulfan with fludarabine (Bu/Flu) was developed, aiming to reduce toxicity while preserving efficacy. While a previous meta-analysis…

Rank105.9

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Effect of high-dose versus standard-dose influenza vaccines on hospitalisation outcomes and mortality in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The lancet. Healthy longevity · 2026 · PMID 42476160

BACKGROUND: The comparative efficacy and safety of high-dose inactivated influenza vaccine (HD-IIV) versus standard-dose inactivated influenza vaccine (SD-IIV) in adults 65 years or older remain uncertain. Hence, we aimed to compare the effects of HD-IIV versus those of SD-IIV for hospitalisation and mortality outcomes in this population by synthesising evidence from randomised controlled trials (RCTs). METHODS: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register …

Rank105.8

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: null

Preventive veterinary medicine · 2026 · PMID 41764952

Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) has risen globally since the early 2000s, causing economic impacts on industries, government, ecosystems, and society. A systematic literature review (SLR) following PRISMA guidelines was conducted to document and quantify the economic and financial impacts of HPAI. Data on economic methods, impact parameters and control strategy assessments were extracted. Impact estimates were converted into 2024 values and expressed as impact per agricultural GDP, per capita and average a…

Landmark Evidence34 records

Rank110.0

Clinical guideline or consensus statement

Prevention and Control of Seasonal Influenza with Vaccines: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices - United States, 2024-25 Influenza Season.

MMWR. Recommendations and reports : Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Recommendations and reports · 2024 · PMID 39197095

This report updates the 2023-24 recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) concerning the use of seasonal influenza vaccines in the United States (MMWR Recomm Rep 2022;72[No. RR-2]:1-24). Routine annual influenza vaccination is recommended for all persons aged ≥6 months who do not have contraindications. Trivalent inactivated influenza vaccines (IIV3s), trivalent recombinant influenza vaccine (RIV3), and trivalent live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV3) are expected to be available…

Rank106.4

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: harm

Determinants of poor clinical outcome in patients with influenza pneumonia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2023 · PMID 37030656

BACKGROUND: The clinical burden of influenza is increasing worldwide. Aging, immunosuppression, and underlying respiratory illness are determinants of poor clinical outcomes, including greater mortality. Bacterial infections seem to be the main reason. Updated information on the role of bacterial infection as the cause of complications would be of value in improving the prognosis of patients with influenza. METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed by using the PubMed repository using keywords l…

Rank106.3

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Antivirals for treatment of severe influenza: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Lancet (London, England) · 2024 · PMID 39181595

BACKGROUND: The optimal antiviral drug for treatment of severe influenza remains unclear. To support updated WHO influenza clinical guidelines, this systematic review and network meta-analysis evaluated antivirals for treatment of patients with severe influenza. METHODS: We systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Global Health, Epistemonikos, and ClinicalTrials.gov for randomised controlled trials published up…

Rank106.1

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: null

The impact of obesity on influenza Vaccine immunogenicity: A systematic review.

Vaccine · 2025 · PMID 41033261

BACKGROUND: Influenza vaccines are important for reducing the burden of influenza, particularly for populations at risk of more severe infections. Obesity is associated with increased influenza severity and therefore individuals with obesity are often specifically recommended for annual influenza vaccination. Obesity is also associated with an altered inflammatory profile, which may influence vaccine responses. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the evidence for any association between obesity and influenza v…

Rank105.9

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Trivalent and quadrivalent seasonal influenza vaccine in adults aged 60 and older: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

BMJ evidence-based medicine · 2024 · PMID 38604619

OBJECTIVES: To compare the efficacy of influenza vaccines of any valency for adults 60 years and older. DESIGN AND SETTING: Systematic review with network meta-analysis (NMA) of randomised controlled trials (RCTs). MEDLINE, EMBASE, JBI Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) Database, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Evidence -Based Medicine database were searched from inception to 20 June 20, 2022. Two reviewers screened, abstracted, and appraised articles (Cochrane Risk of Bias (ROB) 2.0 tool) independently. We assessed certainty of…

Rank105.8

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Influenza vaccine outcomes: a meta-analysis revealing morbidity benefits amid low infection prevention.

European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2025 · PMID 39778922

BACKGROUND: The morbidity and mortality associated with influenza viruses are a significant public health challenge. Annual vaccination against circulating influenza strains reduces hospitalisations and increases survival rates but requires a yearly redesign of vaccines against prevalent subtypes. The complex genetics of influenza viruses with high antigenic drift create an ongoing challenge in vaccine development to address dynamic influenza epidemiology. Understanding the evolution of influenza viruses and the va…

Rank105.2

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Impact of educational interventions on the prevention of influenza: A systematic review.

Frontiers in public health · 2022 · PMID 36203669

INTRODUCTION: Seasonal influenza, a contagious viral disease affecting the upper respiratory tract, circulates annually, causing considerable morbidity and mortality. The present study investigates the effectiveness of educational interventions to prevent influenza. METHODS: We searched PubMed/Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Controlled Register of Trials (CENTRAL) for relevant clinical studies up to March 1 2022. The following terms were used: "influenza," "flu," "respiratory infection," "prevent," "intervention," an…

Rank105.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Antiviral Medications for Treatment of Nonsevere Influenza: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

JAMA internal medicine · 2025 · PMID 39804622

IMPORTANCE: The optimal antiviral drug for treatment of nonsevere influenza remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: To compare effects of antiviral drugs for treating nonsevere influenza. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, CINAHL, Global Health, Epistemonikos, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched from database inception to September 20, 2023. STUDY SELECTION: Randomized clinical trials comparing direct-acting influenza antiviral drugs to placebo, standard care, or another antiviral drug for treating people with nonsevere …

Rank104.6

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Real-world effectiveness of seasonal influenza vaccination and age as effect modifier: A systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression of test-negative design studies.

Vaccine · 2024 · PMID 38423813

BACKGROUND: Under the global risk of epidemic rebound of influenza after COVID-19 outbreak, the study aimed to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the seasonal influenza vaccine effectiveness (IVE) and to explore the potential effect modifiers. METHODS: We searched for test-negative design studies with IVE estimates published between January 1, 2017 and December 31, 2022. We estimated pooled IVE using random-effects meta-analysis, and conducted meta-regression with study site, age, sex and comorbidity as explanat…

Rank103.5

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: null

Impact of Influenza Infection Among Adult and Pediatric Populations With Hematologic Malignancy and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Clinical therapeutics · 2021 · PMID 33812700

PURPOSE: Influenza is increasingly recognized as a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with hematologic malignancies and recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). However, the impact of influenza on this population has not been previously evaluated in a systematic review. This study systematically reviewed and summarized the outcomes of influenza infection as to in-hospital influenza-related mortality, development of lower respiratory tract infection and acute respiratory distre…

Rank103.0

Clinical guideline or consensus statement

Prevention and Control of Seasonal Influenza with Vaccines.

MMWR. Recommendations and reports : Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Recommendations and reports · 2016 · PMID 27560619

This report updates the 2015-16 recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) regarding the use of seasonal influenza vaccines (Grohskopf LA, Sokolow LZ, Olsen SJ, Bresee JS, Broder KR, Karron RA. Prevention and control of influenza with vaccines: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, United States, 2015-16 influenza season. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2015;64:818-25). Routine annual influenza vaccination is recommended for all persons aged ≥6 months who do …

Rank102.6

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Antivirals for post-exposure prophylaxis of influenza: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Lancet (London, England) · 2024 · PMID 39181596

BACKGROUND: Antiviral post-exposure prophylaxis with neuraminidase inhibitors can reduce the incidence of influenza and the risk of symptomatic influenza, but the efficacy of the other classes of antiviral remains unclear. To support an update of WHO influenza guidelines, this systematic review and network meta-analysis evaluated antiviral drugs for post-exposure prophylaxis of influenza. METHODS: We systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cumulative Index to Nursing…

Rank101.2

Randomized controlled trialResult signal: benefit

Efficacy and Safety of an mRNA Seasonal Influenza Vaccine in Adults.

The New England journal of medicine · 2026 · PMID 42090792

BACKGROUND: Seasonal influenza causes substantial illness and death in adults 50 years of age or older, even with current vaccines. An investigational messenger RNA (mRNA)-based vaccine called mRNA-1010 encodes hemagglutinin glycoproteins from World Health Organization-recommended influenza strains. METHODS: In this phase 3, double-blind, active-controlled trial, we randomly assigned adults 50 years of age or older to receive trivalent mRNA-1010 (37.5 μg, which includes 12.5 μg of each strain) or a licensed standar…

Rank100.9

Systematic review or meta-analysisCorrection flagged

Comparison of Antiviral Agents for Seasonal Influenza Outcomes in Healthy Adults and Children: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis.

JAMA network open · 2021 · PMID 34387680

IMPORTANCE: Antiviral treatment of influenza is recommended for patients with influenza-like illness during periods of community cocirculation of influenza viruses and SARS-CoV-2; however, questions remain about which treatment is associated with the best outcomes and fewest adverse events. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy and safety of neuraminidase inhibitors and the endonuclease inhibitor for the treatment of seasonal influenza among healthy adults and children. DATA SOURCES: Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane …

Rank100.8

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Does repeated influenza vaccination attenuate effectiveness? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

The Lancet. Respiratory medicine · 2023 · PMID 36152673

BACKGROUND: Influenza vaccines require annual readministration; however, several reports have suggested that repeated vaccination might attenuate the vaccine's effectiveness. We aimed to estimate the reduction in vaccine effectiveness associated with repeated influenza vaccination. METHODS: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL Complete databases for articles published from Jan 1, 2016, to June 13, 2022, and Web of Science for studies published from database inception …

Rank100.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Efficacy of Pharmacotherapy for Seasonal Influenza in Young and Middle-aged Adults: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis.

Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2024 · PMID 38494721

Objective Seasonal influenza affects healthcare demand. However, the efficacy of anti-influenza drugs, particularly among young patients at a low risk of complications, has rarely been evaluated. Therefore, we evaluated the efficacy of anti-influenza drugs against seasonal influenza in healthy young and middle-aged adults. Methods A systematic review and network meta-analysis were conducted. The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online were searched …

Rank100.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Immunogenicity and safety of the MF59-adjuvanted seasonal influenza vaccine in non-elderly adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

PloS one · 2024 · PMID 39775353

OBJECTIVE: In Europe, the age indication for the MF59-adjuvanted quadrivalent influenza vaccine (aQIV) has recently been extended from ≥65 to ≥50 years. Considering that the earliest approval of its trivalent formulation (aTIV) in Italy was for people aged ≥12 years, we aimed to systematically appraise data on the immunogenicity, efficacy, and safety of aTIV/aQIV in non-elderly adults. METHODS: A systematic literature review was conducted according to the available guidelines and studies were searched in MEDLINE, B…

Rank100.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Influenza associated cardiac arrhythmia- a systematic review.

The American journal of the medical sciences · 2024 · PMID 38185405

BACKGROUND: Influenza infection is rarely associated with cardiac conduction disorder. Cardiac arrhythmias due to such an infection have a full spectrum with ventricular arrythmias being the most common. METHODS: In our systematic review from PubMed, OVID Medline and EMBASE we have identified 23 articles describing arrythmias associated with different influenza infection. Most of them were case reports where ventricular arrhythmias were the most common. RESULTS: Complete heart block after influenza infection is usu…

Rank100.0

Systematic review or meta-analysisCorrection flagged

Evaluation of Oseltamivir Used to Prevent Hospitalization in Outpatients With Influenza: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

JAMA internal medicine · 2024 · PMID 37306992

IMPORTANCE: Despite widespread use, summary evidence from prior meta-analyses has contradictory conclusions regarding whether oseltamivir decreases the risk of hospitalization when given to outpatients. Several large investigator-initiated randomized clinical trials have not yet been meta-analyzed. OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy and safety of oseltamivir in preventing hospitalization among influenza-infected adult and adolescent outpatients. DATA SOURCES: PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Europe PubMed Central, Web …

Rank100.0

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: null

Protection against influenza hospitalizations from enhanced influenza vaccines among older adults: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2024 · PMID 39230284

BACKGROUND: Influenza vaccines are available to help protect persons aged ≥65 years, who experience thousands of influenza hospitalizations annually. Because some influenza vaccines may work better than others, we sought to assess benefit of high-dose (HD), adjuvanted (ADJ), and recombinant (RIV) influenza vaccines ("enhanced influenza vaccines") compared with standard-dose unadjuvanted influenza vaccines (SD) and with one another for prevention of influenza-associated hospitalizations among persons aged ≥65 years.…

Rank100.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Real-world effectiveness of live attenuated influenza vaccines (LAIV) and inactivated influenza vaccines (IIV) in children from 2003 to 2023: a systematic literature review and network meta-analysis.

Expert review of vaccines · 2025 · PMID 40697050

INTRODUCTION: Circulating influenza strains, vaccine effectiveness (VE), and vaccine recommendations vary over time. A systematic literature review (SLR), random effects meta-analysis (REMA), and network meta-analysis (NMA) estimated absolute VE (aVE) and relative VE (rVE) of LAIV and IIV in children/adolescents from initial LAIV approval in 2003. METHODS: Northern Hemisphere studies (2003-2023) with children ≤19 yrs were included. A modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale assessed risk-of-bias. REMA estimated aVE and thre…

Rank99.6

Systematic review or meta-analysis

A systematic review of the clinical characteristics of influenza-COVID-19 co-infection.

Clinical and experimental medicine · 2023 · PMID 37326928

COVID-19 has impacted populations across the globe and has been a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Influenza is another potentially deadly respiratory infection that affects people worldwide. While both of these infections pose major health threats, little is currently understood regarding the clinical aspects of influenza and COVID-19 co-infection. Our objective was to therefore provide a systematic review of the clinical characteristics, treatments, and outcomes for patients who are co-infected with influe…

Rank98.9

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: benefit

Effectiveness of neuraminidase inhibitors in reducing mortality in patients admitted to hospital with influenza A H1N1pdm09 virus infection: a meta-analysis of individual participant data.

The Lancet. Respiratory medicine · 2014 · PMID 24815805

BACKGROUND: Neuraminidase inhibitors were widely used during the 2009-10 influenza A H1N1 pandemic, but evidence for their effectiveness in reducing mortality is uncertain. We did a meta-analysis of individual participant data to investigate the association between use of neuraminidase inhibitors and mortality in patients admitted to hospital with pandemic influenza A H1N1pdm09 virus infection. METHODS: We assembled data for patients (all ages) admitted to hospital worldwide with laboratory confirmed or clinically …

Rank97.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Monitoring School Absenteeism for Influenza-Like Illness Surveillance: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

JMIR public health and surveillance · 2023 · PMID 36630159

BACKGROUND: Influenza causes considerable disease burden each year, particularly in children. Monitoring school absenteeism has long been proposed as a surveillance tool of influenza activity in the community, but the practice of school absenteeism could be varying, and the potential of such usage remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this paper is to determine the potential of monitoring school absenteeism as a surveillance tool of influenza. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review of the published literature o…

Rank97.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Epidemiology and burden of illness of seasonal influenza among the elderly in Japan: A systematic literature review and vaccine effectiveness meta-analysis.

Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2021 · PMID 32997395

BACKGROUND: Elderly populations are particularly vulnerable to influenza and often require extensive clinical support. In Japan, nationwide passive surveillance monitors seasonal influenza but does not capture the full disease burden. We synthesized existing evidence on the epidemiology, vaccine effectiveness (VE), and economic burden of seasonal influenza in the elderly population. METHODS: PubMed, EMBASE, and ICHUSHI were searched for articles on seasonal influenza in Japan, published between 1997 and 2018, in En…

Therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stromal cells in COVID-19: a meta-analysis of clinical trials conducted since the pandemic onset.

Stem cell research & therapy · 2026 · PMID 42035205

Rank106.0

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: harm

Comparison of Myeloablative Busulfan/Cyclophosphamide and Busulfan/Fludarabine for Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Transplantation and cellular therapy · 2026 · PMID 41349636

Rank105.8

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: null

Efficacy and Safety of Bendamustine Versus Fludarabine and Cyclophosphamide as Lymphodepleting Regimens for CAR-T Therapy in Hematological Malignancies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

European journal of haematology · 2026 · PMID 42063324

Rank105.8

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Potential application of brain-gut axis-based treatments in Long COVID and ME/CFS: a case-based systematic review.

Journal of translational medicine · 2026 · PMID 41668172

BACKGROUND: Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) and Long COVID share clinical features including persistent fatigue, post-exertional malaise (PEM), and gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction. Growing evidence implicates brain-gut axis dysregulation, characterized by dysbiosis, neuroinflammation within the central nervous system (CNS), increased intestinal permeability, and microbial translocation in their pathophysiology. However, therapeutic strategies targeting these pathways remain poorly defi…

Rank102.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Rapid and accurate detection and identification of viral pathogens have an impact on physician decision-making for patients with acute respiratory illness (ARI). We aimed to evaluate the Xpert Xpress Flu/RSV test for the management of antibiotic prescribing in pediatric outpatients with ARI. METHODS: We performed a prospective, quasi-randomized, controlled study in Beijing Children's Hospital between December 1, 2021 and April 28, 2022. Outpatients with ARI aged 28 days to 18 years were enrolled and ran…

Rank97.7

Randomized controlled trial

Aglatimagene besadenovec (CAN-2409) with radiotherapy for patients with localised prostate cancer: a phase 3, multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

The Lancet. Oncology · 2026 · PMID 42225101

BACKGROUND: About 30% of men with localised prostate cancer undergoing radiotherapy with curative intent have disease recurrence associated with progression-related symptoms and substantial toxicity of salvage therapies. Previous studies with aglatimagene besadenovec (CAN-2409, hereafter referred to as aglatimagene) showed synergy with radiation and immune-mediated cytotoxicity in patients with prostate cancer. We aimed to assess whether addition of aglatimagene plus prodrug (valacyclovir) to standard-of-care exter…

New Research Last 24 Months60 records

Rank100.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

A systematic review on parental vaccine hesitancy for childhood immunizations in the European region: Can findings be generalized?

Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026 · PMID 42246489

Vaccine hesitancy (VH) for childhood immunizations has been widely studied, but no review has synthesized evidence across Europe. This review addresses that gap using both qualitative and quantitative perspectives. A systematic search on February 5th, 2025, was conducted in MEDLINE/PubMed and Web of Science to assess the generalizability of findings regarding parental VH regarding childhood vaccinations (excluding HPV and Influenza) across the WHO European Regions. Forty-nine articles published between January 2015…

Rank99.0

Randomized controlled trialResult signal: benefit

Comparison of safety and immunogenicity between high-dose and low-dose quadrivalent influenza vaccines in children aged 6-35 months in China: A randomized, double-blind clinical study.

Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026 · PMID 42203214

Influenza vaccines for children aged 6-35 months are typically low-dose (0.25 mL, 7.5 μg hemagglutinin per strain). However, studies have shown that high-dose influenza vaccines (0.5 mL, 15 μg hemagglutinin per strain) can enhance protective efficacy without increasing the risk of adverse reactions. We conducted a randomized, double-blind clinical study in children aged 6-35 months in China. A total of 3,000 participants were randomized (1:1:1) to receive two doses of either an investigational high-dose quadrivalen…

Rank97.6

Randomized controlled trial

Safety and immunogenicity of a COVID-19-Influenza Combination nanoparticle vaccine (CIC) containing SARS-CoV-2 recombinant spike and quadrivalent influenza hemagglutinin with Matrix-M® adjuvant: A phase 1/2 clinical trial.

Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026 · PMID 42390526

Based on viral evolution, increases in seasonal infections, and facilitation of delivery, an annual combination vaccine simultaneously targeting influenza and SARS-CoV-2 would benefit public health. The safety and immunogenicity of a COVID-19-Influenza Combination nanoparticle vaccine (CIC) containing SARS-CoV-2 recombinant spike (rS) to the ancestral strain (Wuhan) and quadrivalent influenza hemagglutinin with a Matrix-M® saponin-based adjuvant were evaluated in a phase 1/2 blinded, randomized trial. The safety, t…

Rank97.5

Randomized controlled trial

Effect of probiotics on humoral responses to COVID-19 vaccination in older adults: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial (PIRATES-COV study).

Gut microbes · 2026 · PMID 42520140

BACKGROUND: Although COVID-19 vaccination has reduced morbidity and mortality, adults aged 65 y old and older are at high risk of complications from COVID-19. The evidence suggests that probiotics may enhance immune responses when co-administered with influenza vaccination. However, few studies have evaluated the potential benefit of probiotic supplementation in this context in this high-risk population. MATERIAL: This study was a randomized controlled trial recruiting adults between 65 and 89 y of age living in Qu…

Rank95.0

Randomized clinical study

Influenza vaccination associates with reduced risk of incident ischemic stroke among older adults with diabetes: A population-based retrospective cohort study.

Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026 · PMID 42522413

Evidence suggests that a substantial part of influenza-related morbidity and mortality is due to cardiovascular events. Limited population-level evidence exists regarding whether seasonal influenza vaccination is associated with a lower risk of ischemic stroke (IS) in older adults with diabetes. We conducted a retrospective cohort study using data from the Regional Health Information Platform. Among 143,841 diabetic adults aged ≥ 60 y alive and free of prior IS as of January 1, 2022, 131,045 met inclusion criteria …

Rank92.0

Randomized controlled trial

Immunogenicity and safety of AS03-adjuvanted A/Astrakhan/3212/2020 (H5N8)-like influenza vaccine in adults: Phase 1/2, observer-blinded, randomized trial.

Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026 · PMID 42274331

Influenza pandemics arise from novel influenza A viruses. Recent emergence of a new clade (2.3.4.4.b) of the highly pathogenic H5N1 in animals and humans highlighted its pandemic potential. We evaluated the immunogenicity and safety of GSK's AS03-adjuvanted H5N8 vaccine in adults. In this phase 1/2, observer-blinded, age-stratified, randomized trial, healthy US adults (age, ≥18 y) received two intramuscular doses of hemagglutinin antigen (3.75 or 7.50 μg) with AS03A or AS03B, administered 21 d apart. Immunogenicity…

Rank92.0

Randomized controlled trial

Optimized seasonal influenza mRNA vaccine compositions demonstrate safety and enhanced immunogenicity in a phase 2 study.

Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026 · PMID 42441816

Seasonal influenza causes considerable morbidity and mortality, with influenza A and B viruses driving most influenza-associated hospitalizations and deaths. Vaccination remains a key influenza prevention strategy; however, current seasonal influenza vaccines based on traditional platforms provide inconsistent protection. Messenger RNA - based vaccines may offer several key advantages over other vaccines, including the flexibility to optimize antigen expression to enhance immunogenicity without the need for adjuvan…

Rank92.0

Randomized controlled trial

Safety and durability of influenza and SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses through 6 months after a single dose of mRNA-1083, a multicomponent influenza and COVID-19 vaccine, in adults ≥50 years.

Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026 · PMID 42213900

Seasonal influenza and SARS-CoV-2 continue to contribute substantially to global morbidity and mortality. mRNA-1083 is an investigational multicomponent mRNA vaccine targeting seasonal influenza and SARS-CoV-2. In this phase 3, observer-blind, active-controlled trial (NCT06097273), adults (aged ≥50 y) were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive mRNA-1083 (40 µg; plus placebo) or age-appropriate licensed comparator vaccines for influenza and COVID-19. Two substudies were included: Cohort A (≥65 y) and Cohort B (50-64 y)…

Rank85.0

Randomized clinical study

Evaluating the cost-effectiveness of adjuvanted influenza vaccine in the older adult population in the Netherlands.

Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026 · PMID 42372079

In the Netherlands, older adults are vaccinated with the standard (dose) influenza vaccine (sIV). Enhanced vaccines, such as the adjuvanted influenza vaccine (aIV) and high-dose (HD-IV) influenza vaccine, have demonstrated clinical and economic benefits. This analysis aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of replacing sIV by aIV in adults aged 60y and older and in high‑risk adults aged 50-59y in the Netherlands. A static decision-tree model was adapted to the Dutch setting to assess the associated costs and heal…

Rank73.0

Multicenter clinical study

The impact of pediatric influenza and COVID-19 hospitalization on parental attitudes toward vaccination.

Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026 · PMID 42246636

Hospitalization for vaccine-preventable infections may influence parental vaccination attitudes, but comparative data for influenza and COVID-19 are limited. We conducted a multicenter observational study of unvaccinated children hospitalized with influenza or COVID-19 in Poland. We collected clinical data and parental survey data assessing vaccination regret, future vaccination intentions, willingness to encourage others, interest in vaccination reminders, reasons for non-vaccination, and sources of influence. Par…

Rank55.0

Other PubMed-indexed publication

Predictors of initiation and completion of Shingrix vaccination in immunocompetent adults newly eligible for vaccination from 2018-2024.

Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026 · PMID 42301805

The Shingrix vaccine has been recommended for immunocompetent adults aged ≥50 y since October 2017. It is important to assess recent trends and predictors of Shingrix vaccination among those newly eligible to evaluate acceptability, desirability, and uptake of the vaccine. In this retrospective cohort study, we used electronic health record data with linked medical and pharmacy claims data from Truveta. Immunocompetent adults turning 50 between 2018 and 2024 with at least 1 y of continuous enrollment after their 50…

Rank52.4

Other PubMed-indexed publication

Vaccination in patients with cancer: Gaps in coverage, barriers, and the role of clinician recommendations.

Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026 · PMID 41686169

Cancer patients require a tailored vaccination strategy. This study aims to assess the vaccination status of cancer patients, evaluate disease incidence and severity in vaccinated individuals, identify reasons for noncompliance with guideline-recommended vaccines, and explore vaccine hesitancy. A cross-sectional survey, including 36 multiple-choice and 6 open-ended questions, was conducted in across Turkey. A total of 506 patients participated between September 1, 2024, and December 31, 2024. Among the participants…

Rank52.0

Other PubMed-indexed publication

Covid-19 and influenza vaccine hesitancy insights from France, Italy and Hungary: A mixed-methods study.

Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026 · PMID 41884998

Since the Covid-19 pandemic entered its endemic phase, France, Italy, and Hungary, as well as many other European countries, have observed a rise in vaccine hesitancy. This study employs a mixed-methods approach to understand the reasons behind this trend by linking statistical observations with in-depth view of vaccine hesitancy. A total of 3,021 adults were surveyed from France, Italy, and Hungary via nationally representative surveys, examining views toward these vaccines. We employed both pooled and un-pooled l…

Rank52.0

Other PubMed-indexed publication

Evaluation of influenza vaccine effectiveness among older adults in Jiaxing, China, 2022-2025: A test negative design-based study.

Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026 · PMID 42202217

Influenza imposes a substantial burden on older adults, underscoring the need for annual evaluation of vaccine effectiveness (VE). Using a test-negative case-control design, this study assessed VE among patients aged ≥60 y with acute respiratory symptoms in Jiaxing, China, across three influenza seasons (2022-2025). Among 3,214 participants, vaccination provided moderate overall protection against laboratory-confirmed influenza, with adjusted VE of 42.5% (95% CI: 31.2-51.9). Protection was highest in the 2024-2025 …

Rank50.6

Other PubMed-indexed publication

Determinants of seasonal influenza and COVID-19 vaccine uptake in high-risk individuals in northern Sweden.

Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026 · PMID 42518305

Seasonal influenza and COVID-19 vaccination in high-risk individuals prevent disease, disability, and death. Nevertheless, many high-income countries continue to experience suboptimal vaccine coverage. We therefore aimed to identify the remaining vaccination barriers in these settings. We recruited patients seeking emergency department care at a hospital in northern Sweden. Using semi-structured interviews and medical records, we collected high-resolution individual-level data, and linked community-level determinan…

Rank49.9

Other PubMed-indexed publication

Clinical Outcomes and Predictors of Adverse Events in Influenza Patients Managed in a Hospital-at-Home Program: A 10-Year Retrospective Study.

American journal of medicine open · 2026 · PMID 42375220

BACKGROUND: Hospital-at-home (HaH) is increasingly used to manage acute conditions like influenza, but data on long-term outcomes remain limited. OBJECTIVE: To identify clinical predictors of 30- and 90-day adverse outcomes among influenza patients treated at HaH. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 270 adult patients with laboratory-confirmed influenza managed at HaH over 10 influenza seasons. Outcomes included emergency room (ER) visits, hospital readmissions, and all-cause mortality at 30 and 90 days. RESULTS: …

Rank48.9

Other PubMed-indexed publication

Health-related quality of life and adverse events during 14 days after receiving a live-attenuated influenza vaccine in Japanese children 4-15 years of age.

Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026 · PMID 42377215

No data have been collected regarding the quality of life after live-attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV). Our study investigates LAIV's impact on the quality of life of children. This prospective, questionnaire-based study targeted children aged 4-15 y. Guardians responded to daily surveys for 16 d, starting the day before vaccination. The questionnaire included the EuroQoL 5-dimension Youth 3-Level (EQ-5D-Y-3L) tool and the EuroQoL Visual Analogue Scale (EQ-VAS) monitoring fluctuations of health-related quality of…

Rank47.0

Other PubMed-indexed publication

RSV-related hospital admissions in a subset of hospitals in England and Scotland: A real-world study (2018-2023).

Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026 · PMID 42430512

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of acute respiratory infection (ARI), though its healthcare burden and costs are insufficiently described among adults in the United Kingdom. With the recent availability of vaccines, understanding RSV-related secondary care burden is essential. Routinely collected adult ARI hospitalization data between 2018 and 2023 from four English National Health Service (NHS) trusts and a Scottish Health Board were linked to RSV, influenza, and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-…

Rank45.0

Other PubMed-indexed publication

Reduced T cell epitope cross-conservation and immunogenic potential is associated with emergence of a dominant influenza subclade K in 2025.

Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026 · PMID 42348662

Subclade K is a newly emergent influenza A/H3N2 strain that became the dominant strain circulating globally; more than 90% of influenza A virus (IAV) cases in 2025-26 were subclade K. While seasonal vaccines elicited measurable cross-reactive hemagglutination inhibition (HI) and neutralizing antibody responses against the new strain were deemed to be protective, T cells contribute substantially to protection against infection and severe disease. T cell epitopes that are conserved between vaccine strains and circula…

Rank45.0

Other PubMed-indexed publication

Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026 · PMID 42258627

Rank45.0

Other PubMed-indexed publication

Compartmentalized cytokine networks and systemic immune remodelling in bovine mammary H5N1 infection.

Emerging microbes & infections · 2026 · PMID 42249592

Optimized seasonal influenza mRNA vaccine compositions demonstrate safety and enhanced immunogenicity in a phase 2 study.

Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026 · PMID 42441816

Rank92.0

Randomized controlled trial

A group 1 hemagglutinin stem vaccine elicits broad humoral responses against influenza in phase 1/2a study.

Nature communications · 2026 · PMID 41974675

Vaccines targeting the conserved stem region of influenza hemagglutinin (HA) may induce broad immunity and reduce reliance on strain-matched seasonal formulations. This Phase 1/2a study evaluates safety and immunogenicity of a universal influenza vaccine component comprising a soluble trimeric stabilized group 1 HA-stem protein (INFLUENZA G1 mHA). Healthy adults aged 18-to-45 received one or two doses at 45 µg or 135 µg, with or without Al(OH)₃. Primary endpoints were safety and reactogenicity. All regimens were we…

Rank92.0

Randomized controlled trial

Immunogenicity and safety of AS03-adjuvanted A/Astrakhan/3212/2020 (H5N8)-like influenza vaccine in adults: Phase 1/2, observer-blinded, randomized trial.

Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026 · PMID 42274331

Rank85.0

Randomized clinical study

Temporal Dynamics of Innate Immune Activation and Viral Interference During Sequential Co-Infection with Influenza A Virus and SARS-CoV-2: Molecular Mechanisms, Clinical Evidence, and Therapeutic Implications.

International journal of molecular sciences · 2026 · PMID 42450260

The concurrent circulation of influenza A virus (IAV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has unveiled complex host-pathogen interactions governed by temporal dynamics of innate immune activation. This narrative review synthesizes evidence from human air-liquid interface (ALI) epithelial models, animal studies (hamster, ferret), clinical cohorts, and randomized controlled trials (2015-2026) to delineate the molecular mechanisms underlying viral interference between these two major respi…

Rank85.0

Randomized clinical study

Production of a Health Awareness Video on Precautionary Measures Against Respiratory Infectious Diseases for Public Transportation Drivers: Protocol for a Scoping Review, a Delphi Study, and a Randomized Controlled Trial.

JMIR research protocols · 2026 · PMID 42324927

BACKGROUND: The public transportation system is a high-risk medium for respiratory infectious disease (RID) transmission. Health awareness videos are integral to disseminating knowledge, elevating health-risk perceptions, and enhancing attitudes toward precautionary measures against RID, as per the Health Belief Model and Cognitive Dissonance theory. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to produce and evaluate an evidence-based health awareness video on precautionary measures against RID among public transportation drivers …

Rank80.2

Phase II clinical trial

Daratumumab in high-risk MGUS and low-risk smoldering myeloma: results of the Phase II D-PRISM study.

Nature communications · 2026 · PMID 41951609

Daratumumab is approved for patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and high-risk smoldering MM (HR-SMM). However, HR-SMM is often as genomically complex as MM, suggesting it may be too advanced for single-agent intervention. We report on a Phase II trial of single-agent daratumumab in patients with earlier-stage disease, including high-risk monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and low-risk SMM, to test if earlier treatment can induce deep responses and prevent progression to MM (D-PRISM/NCT03236428, n = …

Rank77.0

Phase II clinical trial

Increased dose of H1N1 pandemic influenza vaccine during pregnancy improves immunity in mothers and infants.

mBio · 2026 · PMID 41841736

Maternal-infant immunity against influenza is improved through vaccination during pregnancy. We conducted an in-depth analysis of antibody (Ab) responses in sera from pregnant and non-pregnant women immunized with an unadjuvanted inactivated influenza A (H1N1) monovalent vaccine during the 2009 pandemic (NCT00992719). Pregnant women received either the standard 15 µg dose or the increased 30 µg dose, while non-pregnant women received the 15 µg dose. Ab specific for influenza hemagglutinin (HA), HA stalk, and neuram…

Rank67.4

Phase I clinical trial

Nonmyeloablative conditioning combined with the anti-CD117 antibody briquilimab in older adults with high-risk AML and MDS.

Blood · 2026 · PMID 41785374

Briquilimab is a monoclonal antibody inhibiting stem cell factor (SCF) binding to CD117 (c-Kit). Based on preclinical data demonstrating the antibody clears hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC) and myeloid malignant cells, we conducted a phase 1 trial examining briquilimab plus nonmyeloablative fludarabine (Flu) and total body irradiation (TBI) as conditioning for older adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) undergoing matched donor allogeneic hematopoietic cell transpl…

Rank66.8

Phase I clinical trial

A phase I study to evaluate the effect of hepatic impairment on the pharmacokinetics and safety of suraxavir marboxil: a novel oral antiviral for influenza.

Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2026 · PMID 41870058

Suraxavir marboxil (GP681, abbreviated as suraxavir) is a novel, orally active small-molecule polymerase acidic (PA) inhibitor for the treatment of influenza. Its active metabolite, GP1707D07, specifically inhibits PA endonuclease activity. Suraxavir has been approved for use in adolescents (≥12 years) and adults with uncomplicated influenza A and B. This non-randomized, open-label, parallel-group phase I clinical trial evaluated the effects of hepatic impairment on the pharmacokinetics (PK) and safety of suraxavir…

Rank65.0

Phase I clinical trial

Population pharmacokinetic analysis of onradivir to support dosing recommendations in elderly adults with influenza.

Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals · 2026 · PMID 42208115

Onradivir (ZSP1273) is a novel oral inhibitor of the influenza A virus polymerase PB2 subunit, developed for the treatment of influenza. Given that elderly patients represent a key target population and may experience age-related changes in pharmacokinetics (PK), this study aimed to characterize the PK of onradivir in young and elderly adults, identify covariate effects, and evaluate the need for dose adjustment in older patients. Data were obtained from a phase I, open-label, parallel-group study in 32 healthy sub…

Rank50.3

Other PubMed-indexed publication

Impact of Respiratory Infections on Health-Related Quality of Life Among Children: Using PedsQL, EQ-5D-Y, and EQ-TIPS.

Value in health : the journal of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research · 2026 · PMID 41692382

OBJECTIVES: Evidence on the impact of respiratory tract infections (RTIs) on pediatric health-related quality of life (HRQL) remains limited. This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of HRQL measurement instruments for children with RTIs using longitudinal assessments. METHODS: HRQL was assessed in children younger than 16 years with RTIs using proxy-reported versions of EuroQol 5-Dimension Youth version, 3-Level (EQ-5D-Y-3L), the experimental EuroQol Toddler and Infant Populations v2.0 (EQ-TIPS), a…

Rank49.7

Other PubMed-indexed publicationResult signal: benefit

Influenza Vaccine Uptake in the Elderly: Biopsychosocial Vulnerabilities and Effectiveness of a Community-Health Worker Administered Preventive Program.

Journal of community health · 2026 · PMID 41307620

This quasi-experimental study examined the biopsychosocial (BPS) vulnerabilities of non-vaccinated elderly individuals, evaluated the effectiveness of community health workers (CHWs) in improving influenza vaccine uptake, and assessed the impact of a CHW-administered community-based health intervention (CBHI) on health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Pre- and post-intervention data were collected from participants enrolled in the "Get Well, Live Well" (GWLW) program. As part of this CBHI, hospital-employed CHWs ap…

Rank48.5

Other PubMed-indexed publicationResult signal: null

Association of nasopharyngeal Dolosigranulum pigrum and Corynebacterium species with post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 in a longitudinal cohort.

Microbiology spectrum · 2026 · PMID 41841761

This longitudinal study investigated the differential composition of the nasopharyngeal microbiome in patients presenting different COVID-19 infectious phenotypes and its evolution during convalescence, with a focus on post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC) and its potential microbiome-related mechanisms. Microbiota composition was assessed for a cohort of healthy participants (n = 25), influenza patients (n = 24), and patients with moderate (n = 50) and severe (n = 57) COVID-19. Samples were collected at two tim…

Rank48.0

Other PubMed-indexed publication

Multi-View Transformers for Structure-Aware HA-NA Drift Risk Scoring and Mutation Hotspot Mapping.

Viruses · 2026 · PMID 42043210

Seasonal influenza A evolves quickly through mutations in haemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA), which can reduce vaccine match and lower protection. Many sequence-only models do not link codon-level mutations to three-dimensional (3D) protein context and long-term evolutionary signals within one scoring framework. This study presents TRIAD-Influenza (TRIAD: Token-Residue-Integrated Architecture for Drift), a multi-view transformer that combines (i) codon- and residue-level sequence representations, (ii) struc…

Rank45.0

Other PubMed-indexed publication

CAPYBARA: A generalizable framework for predicting serological measurements across human cohorts.

PLoS computational biology · 2026 · PMID 41911222

The rapid growth of biological datasets presents an opportunity to leverage past studies to inform and predict outcomes in new experiments. A central challenge is to distinguish which serological patterns are universally conserved and which are specific to individual datasets. In the context of human serology studies, where antibody-virus interactions assess the strength and breadth of the antibody response and inform vaccine strain selection, differences in cohort demographics or experimental design can markedly i…

Rank45.0

Other PubMed-indexed publication

Influenza forecasting method based on dual-chan nel feature fusion of VMD decomposition.

Scientific reports · 2026 · PMID 42031870

Accurate influenza forecasting is critical for timely public health responses and resource allocation. To address challenges such as strong non-stationarity, spatiotemporal heterogeneity, and the prediction lag of traditional models during outbreak peaks , this study proposes a deep learning forecasting framework based on Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD) and Dual-Channel Feature Fusion (VMD-DCFF-IF). The framework first employs VMD to decompose influenza time series into Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMFs) with dis…

Rank45.0

Other PubMed-indexed publication

A hybrid ensemble approach: fusing ANFIS, LSTM, and LSSVM with PSO for enhanced influenza a forecasting.

BMC infectious diseases · 2026 · PMID 42021160

The rapid transmission and severe public health impacts of influenza A highlight the critical importance of accurate epidemic prediction for effective prevention and control. To address this need, this study integrates multi-source data such as weekly confirmed influenza A cases, temperature, population data, and Baidu index with spatiotemporal alignment, and develops a high-precision ensemble prediction framework by combining multiple machine learning models optimized via the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algo…

Rank45.0

Other PubMed-indexed publication

From Phage Display to Yeast Secretion: Developing Fc-Fused Nanobodies Against Influenza Virus.

Cells · 2026 · PMID 42041523

OBJECTIVES: To analyze the extent and risk factors of household influenza transmission using molecular testing and viral genomes. METHODS: In a community-based cohort in the United States during 2022-2024, participants self-collected weekly nasal swabs. Swabs were tested for influenza by RT-PCR; genomic sequencing was performed. Index cases had the first influenza detection within households. Factors associated with household transmission were evaluated using Poisson regression. RESULTS: Influenza transmission was …

Rank71.1

Prospective cohort study

AIDS research and therapy · 2026 · PMID 42374558

We evaluated the magnitude and function of antibody responses to seasonal influenza vaccination in individuals with HIV receiving ART compared with individuals without HIV. In a prospective cohort of 78 adults, influenza strain-specific IgG levels were measured up to one-year post-vaccination. Linear mixed-effects models assessed longitudinal trends. IgG levels peaked at two weeks and declined gradually in both groups. HIV status did not significantly influence antibody magnitude or neutralizing activity, and H1N1 …

Quality Of Life57 records

Rank110.0

Clinical guideline or consensus statementResult signal: harm

SEPAR Recommendations on Vaccination for Chronic Respiratory Patients.

Archivos de bronconeumologia · 2026 · PMID 40592680

Rank107.3

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Discontinuation of disease-modifying therapy in stable multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Multiple sclerosis and related disorders · 2025 · PMID 40614415

BACKGROUND: Disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) are used to manage multiple sclerosis (MS), particularly in individuals with relapse-onset MS, to slow disease progression, reduce inflammation and demyelination and improve quality of life. Discontinuing treatment may pose a greater relapse risk for younger individuals with active disease, whereas the safety of treatment cessation in older, stable patients remains uncertain. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies comparing discontinuati…

Rank106.1

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: null

Therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stromal cells in COVID-19: a meta-analysis of clinical trials conducted since the pandemic onset.

Stem cell research & therapy · 2026 · PMID 42035205

Rank103.1

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Evidence-Based Pathways to Healthy Aging: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Lifestyle Interventions for Longevity and Well-Being.

Investigacion y educacion en enfermeria · 2025 · PMID 41289530

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of multidimensional lifestyle interventions on aging outcomes, including cognitive function, physical health, emotional well-being, and longevity. METHODS: This systematic review included 35 randomized controlled trials from 2014 through 2024 using MeSH terms such as "healthy aging," "nutrition," "physical activity," "mental health," "social connections," and "preventive healthcare." Inclusion was made based on whether studies have explored at least one lifestyle intervention among…

Rank102.8

Systematic review or meta-analysis

A systematic review of health state utility values for influenza and influenza-like illness.

Journal of medical economics · 2025 · PMID 40741673

AIMS: Health economic evaluations commonly rely on quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) to measure healthcare intervention effectiveness, calculated by assigning quality weights to the time people spend in disease-specific health states. Influenza and influenza-like illness (ILI) compromise people's health-related quality of life (HRQoL), but comprehensive overviews on influenza or ILI-associated quality weights are still scarce. This systematic literature review provides an overview of studies that estimated influe…

Rank100.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Raising the patient's voice in influenza research and care: a systematic review of patient-reported outcomes.

BMC infectious diseases · 2026 · PMID 41723352

Rank99.6

Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

Pediatric Bronchiectasis Action Management Plan to Improve Clinical Outcomes: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Chest · 2025 · PMID 40930343

BACKGROUND: Managing bronchiectasis exacerbations is a priority for patients, parents, and caregivers of children with bronchiectasis. However, evidence-based strategies among the pediatric population remain limited. RESEARCH QUESTION: Does the use of a personalized, written bronchiectasis action management plan (BAMP), compared with standard care, reduce nonscheduled physician visits among children and adolescents with chronic suppurative lung disease (CSLD)/bronchiectasis? STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: This multicent…

Rank92.0

Randomized controlled trial

Exogenous melatonin boosts vaccine-induced immunity in individuals with high pre-existing influenza immunity.

Frontiers in immunology · 2025 · PMID 41208956

INTRODUCTION: Naturally produced melatonin acts as an antioxidant and immunomodulator, regulating sleep and vital functions. Synthetic melatonin is widely used as a sleep aid by the general population, including U.S. military personnel. Immunomodulatory effects of melatonin on vaccines and therapeutics must be studied to develop and implement effective clinical practice guidelines, which will enhance the quality of life of the public and the military readiness. Here, we evaluated exogenous melatonin mediated immune…

Rank92.0

Randomized controlled trial

Patient-reported outcomes and home-based self-swabs for influenza-like illness events - lessons learned from the 2023/2024 DANFLU-2 Homeswab PRO substudy.

Journal of patient-reported outcomes · 2025 · PMID 40844659

BACKGROUND: Self-swabs and digital patient-reported outcomes (PROs) offer innovative tools for decentralized monitoring of infectious diseases. The DANFLU-2 HomeSwab PRO substudy evaluated the feasibility of using these methods for tracking influenza-like illness (ILI) within a large-scale, pragmatic, randomized trial. METHODS: During the 2023/2024 influenza season, adults aged ≥ 65 years were recruited from the DANFLU-2 trial, which evaluates the relative effectiveness of high-dose influenza vaccine compared to st…

Rank90.8

Randomized clinical studyResult signal: harm

Aspirin to prevent cardiovascular events in patients with community-acquired pneumonia or influenza (ASCAP study): protocol for a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

BMJ open · 2025 · PMID 41198196

INTRODUCTION: Cardiovascular events (CVEs), in particular acute coronary syndrome (ACS), complicate the course of a significant number of patients hospitalised for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) or influenza. Emerging evidence suggests that this increased risk of CVEs could be mitigated by the use of acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin). The ASCAP study investigates whether the addition of aspirin to standard therapy in hospitalised patients with moderate-to-severe CAP or influenza can reduce the incidence of CVEs. M…

Rank88.3

Randomized clinical study

The effects of Agaricus bisporus strain MES01706 on influenza vaccination responses: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled intervention study in men and women aged 60 years or older.

Food & function · 2026 · PMID 42475253

To combat the gradual decline in immune function in older adults, nutritional interventions can be used to enhance this compromised immune response. Our previous in vitro and in vivo murine studies showed that the specific Agaricus bisporus strain MES01706 had clear immunomodulatory properties. Since effects in humans are unknown, we investigated the impact of daily supplementation with 5.0 g of Agaricus bisporus powder for 8 weeks on the vaccination response to an influenza vaccine in people aged 60 years or older…

Rank88.3

Randomized clinical study

Cladribine as an Alternative to Fludarabine in Melphalan and Total Body Irradiation-Based Reduced Intensity Conditioning.

Rank68.7

Prospective cohort study

Association Between Respiratory Viral Infection and Peripheral T Lymphocyte Subsets in Elderly Patients With Acute Exacerbation of Bronchiectasis.

The clinical respiratory journal · 2025 · PMID 41448851

BACKGROUND: Respiratory viral infections are increasingly recognized as important triggers of acute exacerbations in bronchiectasis (AEB); the virological profiles and immunological mechanisms in elderly patients remain poorly characterized. METHODS: A prospective cohort of 102 elderly bronchiectasis patients was followed for 12 months. Upon AEB occurrence, nasopharyngeal swabs were obtained for multiplex fluorescence quantitative PCR detection of eight respiratory viruses, while peripheral blood samples were analy…

Rank60.0

Observational or cohort study

Antimicrobial use for influenza-like illnesses in Nha Trang, Vietnam: a cross-sectional study.

BMJ open · 2025 · PMID 40764073

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the characteristics and management of influenza-like illnesses (ILIs) in the outpatient and inpatient settings in Vietnam. DESIGN: A cross-sectional, observational study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: We conducted a questionnaire survey of 407 individuals with ILI symptoms who presented to public community health centres and the paediatric ward of a public hospital in the city of Nha Trang, Khanh Hoa Province, Vietnam, from December 2022 to March 2023. INTERVENTIONS: Not appl…

Rank54.9

Other PubMed-indexed publication

Disparities in uptake of Shingrix® vaccine in immunosuppressed individuals in England: a population-based cohort study.

Vaccine · 2026 · PMID 41435736

BACKGROUND: Herpes zoster (shingles) impacts health and quality of life, particularly in immunosuppressed individuals. The UK Shingrix® zoster vaccination programme has been available for eligible immunosuppressed individuals since 2021. Understanding Shingrix® uptake in immunosuppressed adults is critical for equitable vaccine delivery. METHODS: We conducted a population-based cohort study using primary care records from English practices contributing to Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) Aurum (1 Septembe…

Rank54.1

Other PubMed-indexed publication

Comparative risk of post-acute sequelae following SARS-CoV-2 or influenza virus infection: A retrospective cohort study among United States adults.

PLoS medicine · 2025 · PMID 41066528

BACKGROUND: Post-acute sequelae (PAS) of SARS-CoV-2 infection are well documented. However, it remains unclear whether such long-term health effects are unique to COVID-19, or also occur following other viral respiratory infections. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We undertook a retrospective cohort study of 74,738 COVID-19 cases and 18,790 influenza cases within the Kaiser Permanente Southern California healthcare system diagnosed between 1 September, 2022 and 31 December, 2023. Cases received care for index infections acro…

Rank52.9

Other PubMed-indexed publication

Influenza-like illness in cigarette smokers and electronic-cigarette users: a secondary analysis from the PAIVED study.

Frontiers in public health · 2026 · PMID 42077984

BACKGROUND: The Pragmatic Assessment of Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness in the Department of Defense (PAIVED) study was a clinical trial of three influenza vaccines in military beneficiaries enrolled at 10 military treatment facilities over four influenza seasons (2018/19-2021/22). This secondary analysis aimed to assess the relationship between cigarette smoking and e-cigarette use and influenza-like illness (ILI) incidence and severity. METHODS: Demographic information, including cigarette smoking and e-cigarette…

Randomized Controlled Trials59 records

Rank110.0

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: null

Comparative Effectiveness of High-Dose and Standard-Dose Influenza Vaccines for Hospitalisation and Mortality in Adults Aged 65 and Older: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Reviews in medical virology · 2026 · PMID 42052799

Rank106.1

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: null

Therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stromal cells in COVID-19: a meta-analysis of clinical trials conducted since the pandemic onset.

Stem cell research & therapy · 2026 · PMID 42035205

Rank106.0

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: harm

Comparison of Myeloablative Busulfan/Cyclophosphamide and Busulfan/Fludarabine for Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Transplantation and cellular therapy · 2026 · PMID 41349636

Rank105.9

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Effect of high-dose versus standard-dose influenza vaccines on hospitalisation outcomes and mortality in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The lancet. Healthy longevity · 2026 · PMID 42476160

Rank104.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

High-Dose vs Standard-Dose Influenza Vaccines in Older Adults: A Meta-Analysis.

JAMA network open · 2026 · PMID 42189540

Rank101.2

Randomized controlled trialResult signal: benefit

Efficacy and Safety of an mRNA Seasonal Influenza Vaccine in Adults.

The New England journal of medicine · 2026 · PMID 42090792

Rank100.2

Randomized controlled trial

Immunogenicity and safety of MF59-adjuvanted H5N1 pandemic influenza vaccine in healthy infants and children: a phase 2 randomized, observer-blind, multicenter study.

Vaccine · 2026 · PMID 41895156

Rank100.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Enhancing uptake of respiratory vaccinations in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients: a systematic review.

Vaccine · 2026 · PMID 42000586

INTRODUCTION: Despite influenza, pneumococcal and COVID vaccines being widely recommended for patients with chronic respiratory disease, vaccination rates in this cohort remain low. The aim of this systematic review is to identify interventions which are effective in increasing respiratory vaccination rates in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or asthma. METHODS: The inclusion and exclusion criteria for the study can be found in the PROSPERO protocol (PROSPERO registration no: CRD42025588565)…

Rank100.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Impact of standing orders on vaccine uptake: A systematic review.

Vaccine · 2026 · PMID 42105399

OBJECTIVE: We sought to evaluate the impact of standing orders on vaccine coverage in clinical settings. METHODS: Two reviewers independently screened and included studies that evaluated use of standing orders either alone or in combination with other interventions and collected data on vaccine coverage. We extracted effect sizes for studies that used only standing orders as an intervention and had a comparison group. RESULTS: The search yielded 56 eligible studies, 22 of which evaluated standing orders-only interv…

Rank99.8

Randomized controlled trial

Assessing the relationship between body mass index and influenza-like illness risk and symptom severity among military health system beneficiaries vaccinated against influenza: a pooled prospective cohort study from a randomized trial.

Frontiers in public health · 2026 · PMID 42534960

Rank99.6

Randomized controlled trial

[Efficacy and safety of pixavir marboxil for uncomplicated influenza in adults: a phase Ⅱ, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial].

Zhonghua jie he he hu xi za zhi = Zhonghua jiehe he huxi zazhi = Chinese journal of tuberculosis and respiratory diseases · 2026 · PMID 42373447

Rank99.0

Randomized controlled trialResult signal: benefit

Immunogenicity of high-dose recombinant influenza vaccine versus standard-dose egg-grown and cell-grown vaccines among frequently and infrequently vaccinated young adults in Singapore: a randomised, controlled, double-blind, single-centre, phase 4 clinical trial.

The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2026 · PMID 41936374

BACKGROUND: Egg-grown influenza vaccines can have low effectiveness against A(H3N2), especially among repeat vaccinees. Cell-grown and recombinant-haemagglutinin vaccines can overcome attenuation associated with egg-acquired adaptations, but it is uncertain whether they remain effective with repeated vaccination. Here, we aim to compare immune responses induced by egg-grown, cell-grown, and recombinant vaccines among frequent and infrequent vaccinees. METHODS: We conducted a randomised, controlled, single-centre, d…

Rank95.8

Randomized controlled trial

Age-related differences in immune responses to inactivated influenza and adjuvanted recombinant herpes zoster vaccines.

JCI insight · 2026 · PMID 42228420

Immunosenescence, the biological aging of the immune system, leads to dysregulated immune responses, increasing susceptibility to infections and reducing vaccine efficacy in older adults, as seen with flu vaccines. In contrast, the AS01-adjuvanted recombinant herpes zoster vaccine (RZV) maintains high and sustained efficacy, offering 82% protection against herpes zoster at 11 years after vaccination in individuals over 50. To identify factors affecting age-dependent vaccine efficacy, we conducted a randomized, part…

Rank95.1

Randomized controlled trial

Safety and immunogenicity of an investigational mRNA-lipid nanoparticle-based monovalent influenza vaccine: Results from a phase 1, randomized, dose-escalation study.

Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026 · PMID 41701031

Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026 · PMID 41940741

Influenza remains a significant public health burden in India, causing seasonal outbreaks and substantial morbidity across all age groups. Despite available effective vaccines, uptake remains low, and comprehensive safety and immunogenicity data for quadrivalent influenza vaccines in Indian populations are limited. This open-label phase III study evaluated the immunogenicity and safety of a quadrivalent inactivated split-virion influenza vaccine (QIV) in participants aged 6 months and older across five Indian sites…

Rank92.0

Randomized controlled trial

Safety and durability of influenza and SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses through 6 months after a single dose of mRNA-1083, a multicomponent influenza and COVID-19 vaccine, in adults ≥50 years.

Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026 · PMID 42213900

Rank92.0

Randomized controlled trial

Immunogenicity and safety of AS03-adjuvanted A/Astrakhan/3212/2020 (H5N8)-like influenza vaccine in adults: Phase 1/2, observer-blinded, randomized trial.

Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026 · PMID 42274331

Rank92.0

Randomized controlled trial

Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2026 · PMID 42526663

Rank85.0

Randomized clinical study

Pharmacokinetics of injectable favipiravir: phase I, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in healthy East Asian subjects.

Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2026 · PMID 42479031

Favipiravir, an oral antiviral medication, has been approved in Japan for the treatment of patients with novel or re-emerging influenza and severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS). Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials were conducted in an East Asian population to characterize the pharmacokinetics and tolerability of an injectable favipiravir formulation. In the single-ascending dose trial, subjects received a single intravenous (IV) dose of 300-2,400 mg of favipiravir. In the multiple dose…

Rank73.0

Multicenter clinical study

The impact of pediatric influenza and COVID-19 hospitalization on parental attitudes toward vaccination.

Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026 · PMID 42246636

Rank72.5

Multicenter clinical study

Safety profile of India's influenza vaccine in a large-scale corporate vaccination drive.

Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026 · PMID 41631848

Seasonal influenza causes substantial morbidity, mortality, and productivity losses worldwide, and although annual vaccination is recommended for adults, coverage in India remains low; corporate vaccination drives may improve access and uptake among working-age adults. We evaluated the safety profile of an inactivated quadrivalent influenza vaccine administered during a large-scale corporate vaccination program in India. This observational post-marketing surveillance study was conducted during a multi-center drive …

Rank70.9

Prospective cohort studyResult signal: harm

Safety of COVID-19 and influenza vaccines in children and adolescents with immunocompromised or autoimmune conditions: Findings from the Canadian National Vaccine Safety (CANVAS) network.

Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026 · PMID 42053343

Rank55.0

Other PubMed-indexed publication

Subtype-specific associations between ambient air pollution and influenza virus infection: A nationwide case-crossover study in China.

Journal of hazardous materials · 2026 · PMID 42284787

With the advancement of industrialization and the acceleration of urbanization, air pollution has become a major environmental health issue worldwide. However, the subtype-specific associations between air pollution and influenza virus infection remains unclear. In this nationwide individual-level case-crossover study, conditional logistic regression models combined with distributed lag models were applied to quantify the associations between exposure to PM2.5, PM10, O3, CO, NO2, SO2 and influenza virus infection i…

Rank54.6

Other PubMed-indexed publication

Safety of Matrix-M-adjuvanted COVID-19, seasonal influenza, combination influenza-COVID-19, and malaria vaccines: a review of the evidence.

Expert review of vaccines · 2026 · PMID 41814863

INTRODUCTION: The saponin-based Matrix-M adjuvant induces potent and durable immunity through producing long-lasting memory B-cells and broad-based T-cell immunity, across a variety of vaccine platforms. Matrix-M-adjuvanted vaccines have a history of successful development for protection against a broad range of infectious diseases with high public health urgency. Two authorized Matrix-M-adjuvanted vaccines, NUVAXOVID (COVID-19) and R21/Matrix-M (Plasmodium falciparum malaria), have been administered to >10 million…

Rank52.3

Other PubMed-indexed publication

Impact of conditioning regimen on outcomes of young AML patients ( < 40 years) undergoing HCT in complete remission, with transplant conditioning intensity score of 3.5-4.0. A study from the acute leukemia working party of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation.

Bone marrow transplantation · 2026 · PMID 42469396

The optimal myeloablative conditioning regimen for adolescents and young adults with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is currently unknown. In this retrospective analysis conducted on AML patients aged 18-40 years, in complete remission (CR), who received an allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) we compared outcomes of different conditioning regimens. A total of 4323 patients, with median age of 30.9 years, transplanted from 2010 to 2022, received one of four regimens: high-dose total body irradiation (T…

Rank52.0

Other PubMed-indexed publication

Covid-19 and influenza vaccine hesitancy insights from France, Italy and Hungary: A mixed-methods study.

Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026 · PMID 41884998

Rank51.8

Other PubMed-indexed publication

Influenza Vaccination Status and Associated Factors Among Older Adults in Suzhou, China: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Survey.

Vaccines · 2026 · PMID 42506682

Background: Influenza poses a serious threat to the health of older adults, and vaccination is a key strategy for prevention. As an economically developed city, Suzhou has a rapidly aging population, yet the influenza vaccination rate among older adults remains substantially lower than that in developed countries. There is an urgent need to understand the current vaccination status and its associated factors to inform future strategies for improving vaccination coverage. Objectives: To compare influenza- and vaccin…

Rank50.7

Other PubMed-indexed publication

Parental acceptability of new RSV preventive therapies for infants: A cross-sectional survey in Canada.

Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026 · PMID 41529699

Two new RSV immunization products exist for infants: a prenatal vaccine (RSVpreF) and a long-acting monoclonal antibody for infants (nirsevimab). While both showed promise in clinical trials, implementation has varied across jurisdictions. Before rollout in Canada, we conducted an anonymized, online survey with a nationally representative sample of 1,015 expectant and recent birth parents. The primary outcome was product acceptability (disagree, undecided, agree). Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs…

Rank50.0

Other PubMed-indexed publication

Parental preference for live-attenuated versus inactivated influenza vaccination in children: A questionnaire survey.

Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026 · PMID 41848258

Understanding parental attitudes and factors influencing selection of influenza vaccines, including live-attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) and inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV), provides insights into optimizing influenza vaccine uptake. This online survey evaluated parental knowledge, attitudes, and preferences regarding influenza vaccination for children and examined the impact of providing vaccine-related information on vaccine selection in Nara, Japan where LAIV was recently introduced. Parents of children …

Treatments That Failed Clinical Trials60 records

Rank102.3

Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

Influence of the Olfatín Project on the reduction of pain related to intranasal influenza vaccination, as part of a school influenza vaccination program.

Journal of pediatric nursing · 2024 · PMID 39197260

PURPOSE: To evaluate the influence of viewing the Olfatín Project video on the assessment of school LAIV-associated pain in three and four-year-old children through the Wong Baker Faces® pain classification scale. DESIGN AND METHODS: A three-arm randomized multicenter clinical trial with a placebo control group was carried out. The main variable measured was pain, assessed through the score on the Wong Baker Faces® Pain Rating Scale. There were a total population of 4591 children three and four-year-olds (born in 2…

Rank101.5

Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

Influenza vaccination for prevention of death and major cardiovascular events in patients with a history of stroke: A subanalysis of the VIP-ACS trial.

International journal of stroke : official journal of the International Stroke Society · 2026 · PMID 40973981

BACKGROUND: An in-hospital double-dose influenza vaccination strategy's effect on preventing major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with previous stroke is still uncertain. This study is a prespecified analysis of the vaccine against influenza to avoid cardiovascular events after the Acute Coronary Syndrome (VIP-ACS) trial. METHODS: The VIP-ACS trial was a randomized, pragmatic, multicenter, open-label trial with blinded-adjudication endpoints. Adult patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) ⩽ sev…

Rank99.6

Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

Pediatric Bronchiectasis Action Management Plan to Improve Clinical Outcomes: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Chest · 2025 · PMID 40930343

Rank99.1

Randomized controlled trialResult signal: benefit

Exploration of the utility of different doses of Qingfei Dayuan granules: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Aging · 2024 · PMID 38412322

BACKGROUND: Clinical studies have confirmed that Qingfei Dayuan (QFDY) granules are effective in the treatment of influenza and upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) caused by pulmonary heat-toxin syndrome (PHTS). Granules of Chinese medicine formulations have become a widely used dosage form in clinical practice. With the continuous optimization of extraction technology, the advantages of Chinese medicine granules have been gradually demonstrated, but the price of Chinese medicine granules is generally higher…

Rank99.1

Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

Impact of multifaceted health education on influenza vaccination health literacy in primary school students: a cluster randomized controlled trial.

BMC medicine · 2025 · PMID 40468328

AIDS (London, England) · 2024 · PMID 38526550

OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine if standard influenza and pneumococcal vaccines can be used to stimulate HIV reservoirs during antiretroviral therapy (ART). DESIGN: A prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover trial of two clinically recommended vaccines (influenza and pneumococcal). METHODS: Persons with HIV on ART ( N = 54) were enrolled in the clinical trial. Blood was collected at baseline and days 2,4,7,14, and 30 postimmunizations. Levels of cellular HIV RNA and HIV DNA were meas…

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Alexandria organizes PubMed-indexed literature. PubMed inclusion does not establish accuracy, endorsement, clinical applicability, or treatment suitability. Automated extraction can contain errors or omissions. This page is not medical advice.