Alexandria Medical Evidence Library
Library/Cancer/Kidney Cancer

Cancer evidence library

Kidney Cancer

PubMed-indexed evidence for renal cell carcinoma and other kidney malignancies.

PubMed only Research ranked Conflicts shown Data downloadable

Living evidence synopsis

What the current PubMed collection shows.

Alexandria currently organizes 581 non-retracted PubMed-indexed records for Kidney Cancer. The structured collection includes 13 guideline or consensus records, 81 evidence syntheses/systematic reviews/meta-analyses, and 76 randomized or phase III studies. 120 records were identified by the configured last-24-month search. Conflict-of-interest statements are available in the PubMed record for 423 of 581 included records.

Engine 0.3.2 Snapshot v2 Updated 2026-08-02 Download source data · CSV
PubMed records581Non-retracted records included
Last 24 months120Records found by the recent-research search
High-priority evidence157Syntheses, reviews, randomized and phase III studies
Effect estimates281Machine-readable values extracted from abstracts
COI statements72.8%Coverage within PubMed records
Funding records146PMIDs with grant/funding metadata
Evidence data

Research landscape

Charts are generated from Alexandria’s structured PubMed records, not copied from journal figures.

Publication activity

Records by publication year

Latest 12 represented years
1
2015
1
2017
3
2018
4
2020
10
2021
15
2022
14
2023
24
2024
55
2025
454
2026
Evidence composition

Study designs

Other or unclassified224
Preclinical/laboratory87
Randomized trials67
Meta-analyses48
Case reports36
Systematic reviews33
Phase II trials28
Cohort studies15
Clinical guidelines13
Phase III trials9
Transparency

Conflict-of-interest reporting

Reported no conflicts236
Not reported in PubMed record158
COI statement present143
Declared financial/industry relationship44

Absence of a conflict-of-interest statement in PubMed does not establish that no conflict existed.

Abstract result signals

Extracted result direction

Not extractable from abstract501
Neutral/null signal47
Harm signal15
Supportive signal14
Mixed signal4
Reported outcomes

Numerical results extracted from PubMed abstracts

Each value remains attached to its original PMID. Alexandria does not pool these results or imply that unlike populations and endpoints are directly comparable.

Non-pooled ratio measures

Hazard, risk, and odds ratios reported in abstracts

Reference = 1.0
0.250.51.02.04.0
survival Hazard Ratio · PMID 42333228 · 2026
2.25
not_reported Odds Ratio · PMID 42333228 · 2026
1.42
not_reported Odds Ratio · PMID 41925796 · 2026
2.36
not_reported Odds Ratio · PMID 41925796 · 2026
3.62
not_reported Odds Ratio · PMID 41925796 · 2026
0.67
not_reported Odds Ratio · PMID 41925796 · 2026
0.56 95% CI 0.34–0.97
not_reported Odds Ratio · PMID 42230259 · 2026
5.90
not_reported Odds Ratio · PMID 42458103 · 2026
1.03 95% CI 1.00–1.05
not_reported Hazard Ratio · PMID 41578672 · 2026
2.03
not_reported Hazard Ratio · PMID 41578672 · 2026
2.29
not_reported Hazard Ratio · PMID 41578672 · 2026
2.64
not_reported Hazard Ratio · PMID 42350220 · 2026
0.68 95% CI 0.57–0.79
not_reported Hazard Ratio · PMID 42350220 · 2026
1.76 95% CI 1.25–2.48
not_reported Hazard Ratio · PMID 42350220 · 2026
0.97
View extracted numerical results 60
PublicationOutcomeMeasureReported valueSource
UBE2C contributes to malignant phenotypes in clear cell renal cell carcinoma via cell cycle and apoptosis regulation.PeerJ · 2026 survival Hazard Ratio 2.25 P < 0.001 PMID 42333228
UBE2C contributes to malignant phenotypes in clear cell renal cell carcinoma via cell cycle and apoptosis regulation.PeerJ · 2026 not_reported Odds Ratio 1.418 P = 0.010 PMID 42333228
Single-port versus multi-port robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy in perioperative, oncological, and renal function outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of robotic surgery · 2026 not_reported Odds Ratio 2.36 PMID 41925796
Single-port versus multi-port robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy in perioperative, oncological, and renal function outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of robotic surgery · 2026 not_reported Odds Ratio 3.62 PMID 41925796
Single-port versus multi-port robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy in perioperative, oncological, and renal function outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of robotic surgery · 2026 not_reported Odds Ratio 0.67 PMID 41925796
Single-port versus multi-port robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy in perioperative, oncological, and renal function outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of robotic surgery · 2026 not_reported Odds Ratio 0.56 95% CI 0.34–0.97 PMID 41925796
Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Associated Renal Toxicities: A Retrospective Pan-Cancer Cohort Study.Clinical therapeutics · 2026 not_reported Odds Ratio 5.9 p < 0.001 PMID 42230259
FeNO as a Treatable Trait in Chronic Cough: Insights from the PROCOUGH Study.Lung · 2026 not_reported Odds Ratio 1.03 95% CI 1.0–1.05 PMID 42458103
Clinical outcomes of metastatic non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma: a real-world single-centre experience.Annals of medicine · 2026 not_reported Hazard Ratio 2.027 p = 0.023 PMID 41578672
Clinical outcomes of metastatic non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma: a real-world single-centre experience.Annals of medicine · 2026 not_reported Hazard Ratio 2.285 p = 0.023 PMID 41578672
Clinical outcomes of metastatic non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma: a real-world single-centre experience.Annals of medicine · 2026 not_reported Hazard Ratio 2.638 p = 0.007 PMID 41578672
Long-Term Survival Outcomes of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-based Combination Therapies in Favorable-Risk Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: An Updated Pairwise and Network Meta-Analysis.Clinical genitourinary cancer · 2026 not_reported Hazard Ratio 0.68 95% CI 0.57–0.79 PMID 42350220
Long-Term Survival Outcomes of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-based Combination Therapies in Favorable-Risk Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: An Updated Pairwise and Network Meta-Analysis.Clinical genitourinary cancer · 2026 not_reported Hazard Ratio 1.76 95% CI 1.25–2.48 PMID 42350220
Long-Term Survival Outcomes of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-based Combination Therapies in Favorable-Risk Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: An Updated Pairwise and Network Meta-Analysis.Clinical genitourinary cancer · 2026 not_reported Hazard Ratio 0.97 PMID 42350220
Long-Term Survival Outcomes of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-based Combination Therapies in Favorable-Risk Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: An Updated Pairwise and Network Meta-Analysis.Clinical genitourinary cancer · 2026 not_reported Hazard Ratio 0.5 PMID 42350220
Efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma: a risk-stratified systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026 overall survival Hazard Ratio 0.79 95% CI 0.72–0.87 P < 0.0001 PMID 42220544
Efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma: a risk-stratified systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026 not_reported Hazard Ratio 0.66 95% CI 0.56–0.78 P < 0.0001 PMID 42220544
Efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma: a risk-stratified systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026 not_reported Hazard Ratio 0.96 95% CI 0.79–1.18 P < 0.0001 PMID 42220544
Efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma: a risk-stratified systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026 not_reported Hazard Ratio 0.6 95% CI 0.53–0.69 P < 0.0001 PMID 42220544
Efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma: a risk-stratified systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026 not_reported Hazard Ratio 0.88 95% CI 0.78–0.99 P < 0.0001 PMID 42220544
Efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma: a risk-stratified systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026 not_reported Hazard Ratio 0.5 95% CI 0.41–0.61 P < 0.0001 PMID 42220544
Efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma: a risk-stratified systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026 not_reported Hazard Ratio 0.52 95% CI 0.41–0.65 P < 0.0001 PMID 42220544
From prevention to progression: can belzutifan-based strategies deliver across the RCC disease continuum?The oncologist · 2026 overall survival Hazard Ratio 0.72 P = .0003 PMID 42143718
From prevention to progression: can belzutifan-based strategies deliver across the RCC disease continuum?The oncologist · 2026 progression-free survival Hazard Ratio 0.7 PMID 42143718
From prevention to progression: can belzutifan-based strategies deliver across the RCC disease continuum?The oncologist · 2026 progression-free survival Percentage Comparison 52.6percent vs 40.0percent PMID 42143718
Oncologic and Functional Outcomes of Active Surveillance and Ablative Therapy for Small Renal Masses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of vascular and interventional radiology : JVIR · 2026 not_reported Percentage Comparison 84.8percent vs 74.0percent PMID 41679379
The prognostic value of the lung immune prognostic index in patients with urological cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026 overall survival Hazard Ratio 1.73 95% CI 1.52–1.98 PMID 41958645
The prognostic value of the lung immune prognostic index in patients with urological cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026 overall survival Hazard Ratio 1.39 95% CI 1.13–1.71 PMID 41958645
The prognostic value of the lung immune prognostic index in patients with urological cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026 not_reported Hazard Ratio 3.73 95% CI 2.95–4.71 PMID 41958645
The prognostic value of the lung immune prognostic index in patients with urological cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026 not_reported Hazard Ratio 2.69 95% CI 1.96–3.7 PMID 41958645
Joint effects and dynamic trajectories of metabolic insulin resistance and systemic inflammation in the risk of renal cell carcinoma: a UK Biobank cohort analysis.World journal of urology · 2026 response Hazard Ratio 1.26 95% CI 1.12–1.42 PMID 42207184
Joint effects and dynamic trajectories of metabolic insulin resistance and systemic inflammation in the risk of renal cell carcinoma: a UK Biobank cohort analysis.World journal of urology · 2026 not_reported Hazard Ratio 1.57 95% CI 1.35–1.83 PMID 42207184
Joint effects and dynamic trajectories of metabolic insulin resistance and systemic inflammation in the risk of renal cell carcinoma: a UK Biobank cohort analysis.World journal of urology · 2026 not_reported Hazard Ratio 2.4 95% CI 2.06–2.79 PMID 42207184
Efficacy and safety of immunotherapy-based combination therapy as first-line treatment for advanced renal cell carcinoma: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2026 not_reported Hazard Ratio 0.57 95% CI 0.39–0.84 PMID 42484760
Efficacy and safety of immunotherapy-based combination therapy as first-line treatment for advanced renal cell carcinoma: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2026 not_reported Hazard Ratio 0.57 95% CI 0.42–0.76 PMID 42484760
Efficacy and safety of immunotherapy-based combination therapy as first-line treatment for advanced renal cell carcinoma: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2026 not_reported Hazard Ratio 1.31 95% CI 0.96–1.78 PMID 42484760
Efficacy and safety of immunotherapy-based combination therapy as first-line treatment for advanced renal cell carcinoma: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2026 not_reported Odds Ratio 0.61 95% CI 0.39–0.92 PMID 42484760
Application of three-dimensional reconstruction combined with enhanced recovery after surgery in patients undergoing laparoscopic partial nephrectomy: a prospective observational study.BMC nephrology · 2026 not_reported Odds Ratio 0.37 95% CI 0.14–1.01 P = 0.051 PMID 41957710
Direct head-to-head comparison between neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy in upper tract urothelial carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Urologia · 2026 not_reported Odds Ratio 2.13 95% CI 1.21–3.76 PMID 41311058
Direct head-to-head comparison between neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy in upper tract urothelial carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Urologia · 2026 not_reported Odds Ratio 0.59 95% CI 0.37–0.95 PMID 41311058
Research transparency

Funding and conflicts of interest

Conflict and funding fields reproduce what is available in PubMed records. Missing disclosure data does not establish that no conflict or funding existed.

COI statement coverage72.8%158 records have no COI statement exposed in PubMed.
Funding metadata coverage25.1%Coverage indicates whether grant/funding metadata was present, not independence or study quality.
Most frequently reported funding agencies
NCI NIH HHS112
National Natural Science Foundation of China39
NCATS NIH HHS9
Cancer Research UK8
NCCDPHP CDC HHS7
National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)6
National Cancer Institute (NCI)6
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science6
View records with declared financial or industry relationships 12

Effectiveness of high-flow nasal cannulae compared with noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation in preventing reintubation in patients receiving prolonged mechanical ventilation.

The authors have no relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript. This includes employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, grants or patents received or pending, or royalties.

PMID 36949116 · 2023

Gemcitabine plus platinum-based chemotherapy in combination with bevacizumab for kidney metastatic collecting duct and medullary carcinomas: Results of a prospective phase II trial (BEVABEL-GETUG/AFU24).

Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Constance Thibault has received honoraria from AAA, Astellas, Astra Zeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Janssen, Ipsen, Merck, Pfizer and Sanofi. Aude Fléchon: None. Laurence Albiges: Advisory or Consulting or Honoraria, (all paid to Institution) Astellas – BMS – Ipsen – Janssen – MSD – Pfizer – EISAI – Roche. Charlotte Joly: has received honoraria from Astellas and Ipsen. Philippe Barthelemy: has received honoraria from BMS, Pfizer, Merck, MSD, Novartis, IPSEN, Janssen Cilag, AMGEN, Bayer, Gilead, Astra Zeneca, Astellas, Bayer, Esai, Amgen. Marine Gross-Goupil: Consulting or Advisory Role –Astellas, BMS, Esai, Janssen, Ipsen, MSD, Pfizer, Roche. Travel, Accommodations, Expenses – MSD, Bayer, Pfizer. Christine Chevreau: None. Elodie Coquan: Ipsen, Pfizer (paid to institution), Ipsen, MSD, Astra Zeneca, BMS (paid to EQ). Frédéric Rolland: None. Brigitte Laguerre: None. Gweanelle Gravis: Speaker bureau: Janssen, Amgen, BMS, IPSEN, AAA, Astra Zeneca, Bayer, Pfizer Merck, Astellas. Recipient institution. Board: Janssen, Amgen, BMS, Curium, Bayer, Pfizer Merck. Recipient my institution. Expert: BMS, Bayer, Pfizer/ merck. Recipient my institution. Travel expense: Janssen, BMS, Astra Zeneca, Bayer, Pfizer, Merck. Recipient: GG. Nicolas Pécuchet: is an employee at Dassault Systèmes. Réza-Thierry Elaidi: None. Marc-Olivier Timsit: has received honoraria from Janssen, MSD, Astellas, Ipsen, Olympus. Meryem Brihoum: None. Edouard Auclin: has received honoraria from Amgen Sanofi Genzyme. Aurélien de Reynies: None. Yves Allory: None. Stéphane Oudard has received honoraria from Astellas, Bayer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, and Sanofi.

PMID 37054556 · 2023

A Phase II Trial of the WEE1 Inhibitor Adavosertib in SETD2-Altered Advanced Solid Tumor Malignancies (NCI 10170).

W.K. Rathmell reports other support from AstraZeneca during the conduct of the study, as well as other support from Caribou, Sitryx, and Merck outside the submitted work. G.I. Shapiro reports grants from the National Cancer Institute during the conduct of the study, as well as grants and personal fees from Merck KGaA/EMD Serono; grants from Tango, Bristol Myers Squibb, Merck & Co., Pfizer, and Eli Lilly and personal fees from Bicycle Therapeutics, ImmunoMet, Concarlo Therapeutics, Kymera Therapeutics, Janssen, Xinthera, and Circle Pharma outside the submitted work, and a patent to dosage regimen for sapacitabine and seliciclib issued and a patent to compositions and methods for predicting response and resistance to CDK4/6 inhibition issued. D. Mahalingam reports personal fees from BMS, Exelixis, Qurient, and Eisai, grants from Oncolytics and Merck; personal fees from Actuate; and grants from Rafael Pharma outside the submitted work. A.R. Kaleblasty reports grants from NCI during the conduct of the study; grants and personal fees from Pfizer, AstraZeneca, BMS, EMD Serono, Exelixis, Genentech, Gilead Sciences, Immunomedics, Novartis, Seattle Genetics, Astellas, and Amgen; personal fees from Aveo; grants and personal fees from Eisai, Janssen, and Merck; personal fees from Myovant Science; grants from Sanofi; grants and personal fees from Bayer; grants from Arvinas, Mirati therapeutics, and POINT Biopharma outside the submitted work; and stock and other ownership interests in ECOM Medical. M. Parikh reports personal fees from Pfizer and personal fees from Bristol Myers Squibb; other support from Karyopharm; nonfinancial support from Gilead; personal fees from Sanofi Aventis, Natera, and Exelixis; and nonfinancial support from Bayer outside the submitted work. S.A. Boerner reports grants from Yale Cancer Center during the conduct of the study. G. Krings reports other support from Roche outside the submitted work. T.F. Burns reports grants from Novartis; other support from Advarra; personal fees from Janssen Scientific Affairs, LLC, Jazz Pharmaceuticals Inc., Amgen, AstraZeneca, Eli Lilly and Company, and Takeda Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc., outside the submitted work. P.N. Munster reports grants from AZ during the conduct of the study; grants from AMG, InventisBio, BlissBio, Arvinias, Revolution Medicine, JSI, Seagen, Merck, DragonFly, Relay, Scorpion, GSK, Bluepring, and Nurix; and personal fees from JNJ outside the submitted work. A. Ashworth reports personal fees and other support from Kytarro, Ovibio, Cytomx, and Cambridge Science Corporation; personal fees from Genentech and Novartis; personal fees and other support from Gladiator, Circle Pharma, Bluestar/Clearnote, Ambagon, Phoenix Molecular Designs, Yingli/280bio, NextRNA, ProLynx, Trial Library, Oric, Hap10, Tango, and Azkarra outside the submitted work; and holds patents on the use of PARP inhibitors held jointly with AstraZeneca from which he has benefited financially (and may do so in the future). P. LoRusso reports grants from the National Cancer Institute during the conduct of the study, as well as other support from AbbVie, Roche-Genentech, Takeda, SOTIO, Agenus, IQVIA, Pfizer, Glaxo-Smith Kline, QED Therapeutics, AstraZeneca, EMD Serono, Kyowa Kirin Pharmaceutical Development, Kineta, Zentalis Pharmaceuticals, Molecular Templates, ABL Bio, STCube Pharmaceuticals, I-Mab, Seagen, imCheck, Relay Therapeutics, Stemline, Compass BADX, Mekanistic, Mersana Therapeutics, BAKX Therapeutics, Scenic Biotech, Qualigen, Roivant Sciences, NeuroTrials, Actuate Therapeutics, Atreca Development, Amgen CodeBreak 202, Cullinan, DrenBio, Quanta Therapeutics, Schrodinger, and Boehringer Ingelheim outside the submitted work. R.R. Aggarwal reports grants and personal fees from Amgen; grants from Johnson and Johnson; grants and personal fees from Merck; personal fees from Novartis, Pfizer, and Dendreon; grants from Zenith Epigenetics; personal fees from EcoR1 Capital, Boxer Capital, Flare Therapeutics, Harpoon Therapeutics, and Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials Consortium outside the submitted work. No disclosures were reported by the other authors.

PMID 38920407 · 2024

A phase II trial of sitravatinib + nivolumab after progression on immune checkpoint inhibitor in patients with metastatic clear cell RCC.

AWH reports C/A to Janssen, Intellisphere, AVEO, Exelixis, Eisai, and Pfizer; H from Medscape, Binaytara Foundation, and Projects in Knowledge; and RF from Bayer and Eisai. UV reports C/A to Exelixis, Bayer, Pfizer, BMS, Mural, Merck, Astellas, Astra Zeneca. YY reports OI in Polaris Consulting, LLC. MTC reports C/A to Eisai, EMD Serono, Pfizer, SeaGen, Exelixis, Astellas; H from Curio Science, Dava Oncology and MJH Life Science; and RF from Exelixis, Pfizer, Janssen, AstraZeneca, and SeaGen. AYS reports C/A to Bristol-Myers Squibb, Exelixis, and Pfizer and RF from Bristol-Myers Squibb, Eisai, and EMD Serono. PM reports C/A to Mirati Therapeutics, Bristol Myers Squibb, and Exelixis; H from Axiom Healthcare, DAVA oncology, Exelixis and Pfizer; and RF from Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Takeda, Bristol Myers Squibb, Mirati Therapeutics, Gateway for Cancer Research, and the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. EJ reports RF from Abbvie, Arrowhead, Aveo, BMS, Corvus, Merck, NiKang, ProFoundBio, Telix Honoraria from Aveo, Eisai, Exelixis, GSK, Ipsen, Merck, Novartis, NiKang, Takeda. NA and LX have no relevant conflicts to disclose.

PMID 40212021 · 2025

Phase II Trial of Stereotactic Ablative Radiation for Oligoprogressive Metastatic Kidney Cancer.

Financial disclosures: Raquibul Hannan certifies that all conflicts of interest, including specific financial interests and relationships and affiliations relevant to the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript (eg, employment/affiliation, grants or funding, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, royalties, or patents filed, received, or pending), are the following: None.

PMID 34986993 · 2022

Papillary renal cell carcinoma - exploratory results of the SUNNIFORECAST trial comparing Ipilimumab plus Nivolumab vs standard of care as first line therapy based on central pathological review.

Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: MA: Advisory boards: BMS, Eisai, Ipsen, Merck, Pfizer. Congress invitations: Ipsen, Merck, Pfizer. LA: Advisory or Consulting or Honoraria (paid to Institution): AMGEN, Astellas, BMS, EISAI, Ipsen, Janssen, Merck, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Telix. Travel and accommodation expenses: BMS, Ipsen, MSD, Pfizer. MGG: Honoraria BMS, MSD, Ipsen, Eisai, Pfizer. GG: Advisory boards and Honoraria: BMS, Janssen, Pfizer, Sanofi, MSD, Ipsen, Eisai, Amgen, Astra Zeneca, Bayer. Travel expenses: BMS, Janssen,Pfizer, MSD, Ipsen, Astra Zeneca, Bayer. AF: Honoraria and travel expenses: Ipsen, BMS, Eisai, MSD, Pfizer. MOG: Honoraria or presentations: Accord, AstraZeneca, Astellas, Apogepha, Bayer, BMS, Cepheid, Eisai, EUSA, Hexal, Ipsen, Janssen-Cilag, Merck, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Recordati, Roche, Sanofi. Travel support and honoria for advisory role: Accord, AstraZeneca, Astellas, Apogepha, Bayer, BMS, Cepheid, Eisai, EUSA, Hexal, Ipsen, Janssen-Cilag, Merck, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Recordati, Roche, Sanofi. JB: Paid consultant for Apogepha, BMS, Eisai, EUSA Pharma, Ipsen, Merck KGaA, MSD Oncology, Pfizer, Roche. Acted as speaker for Apogepha, Astellas Pharma, BMS, Ipsen, Merck KGaA, MSD Oncology, Pfizer. Received institutional research funding from Astellas Pharma, BMS, Exelixis, Ipsen, MSD Oncology, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Seagen. PI: Employment or Leadership Position: Steering Board Immunooncology Cooperative Group (ICOG-H), Clinical Trial Steering Committee CCC-H, Spokesperson Interdisciplinary Working Group Kidney Cancer, IAG-DKG, Spokesperson Working Group Genitourinary Cancer, Working Party Medical Oncologists Germany (AIO). Advisory Role or Expert Testimony: Bayer, Bristol Myers Squibb, EISAI, EMD-Serono, EUSA, Ipsen, Merck Serono (Global), MSD, Pfizer, Roche. Stock Ownership: BB-Biotech. Honoraria: Bristol Myers Squibb, EISAI, EUSA, Ipsen (Europe), Merck Serono(+Europe, Global), Merck Sharp & Dohme, Pfizer, Roche. Financing of Scientific Research: AIO, AstraZeneca, Bristol Myers Squibb, EUSA, EISAI, GlaxoSmithKline, Ipsen, Lilly, Merck, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Serono, Wilhelm Sander Stiftung. SR: Consultancy fees: Pfizer, BMS. CS: Honoraria or consultation fees: BMS (Inst), Pfizer, Roche, Astellas, Ipsen, Sanofi, Bayer, MSD. Participation in a company sponsored speaker’s bureau: BMS (Inst), Pfizer, Roche, Astellas, Ipsen. Travel and accommodation expenses: BMS (Inst), Pfizer, Roche. Receipt of grants/research support: Ipsen. LB: Institutional grant BMS.

PMID 42235464 · 2026

Long-term follow-up from the OMNIVORE trial: response-adaptive nivolumab and ipilimumab in advanced renal cell carcinoma.

Competing interests: RRM: Consulting or Advisory Role - Ambrx, Arcus Biosciences, Astellas Medivation, AstraZeneca, Aveo, Bayer, Blue Earth Diagnostics, Bristol Myers Squibb, Calithera Biosciences, Caris Life Sciences, Daiichi Sankyo, Dendreon, Esiai, Exelixis, Janssen, Lilly, Merck, Myovant Sciences, NeoMorph, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi, Seagen, Sorrento Therapeutics, Sumitomo Pharma Oncology, Telix Pharmaceuticals, Tempus, Vividion Therapeutics. MS: Consulting or Advisory Role - AstraZeneca; Dana Oncology; Ecancer; Eisai Europe; Exelixis. WX: Consulting or Advisory Role - Prostate Cancer Clinical Trial Consortium. BAM: Consulting or Advisory Role - Arcus Biosciences; Astellas Pharma; AVEO; Bristol-Myers Squibb; Daiichi Sankyo/Astra Zeneca; Eisai; Exelixis; Genmab; Gilead Sciences; Hexagon; Loxo/Lilly; Pfizer; Seattle Genetics/Astellas. Research Funding - Bristol-Myers Squibb (Inst); Calithera Biosciences (Inst); Exelixis (Inst); Pfizer/EMD Serono (Inst); Seattle Genetics/Astellas (Inst). DB: Reports share options in Elephas; advisory board, consulting or personal fees from Cancer Expert Now, Adnovate Strategies, MDedge, CancerNetwork, Catenion, OncLive, Cello Health BioConsulting, PWW Consulting, Haymarket Medical Network, Aptitude Health, ASCO Post and Harborside, Targeted Oncology, Merck, Pfizer, MedScape, Accolade 2nd MD, DLA Piper, Dechert, AbbVie, Compugen, Link Cell Therapies, Scholar Rock, NeoMorph, Nimbus, Exelixis, AVEO, Eisai, Daiichi Sankyo, Caris, Ottimo Pharma, LG Chem, and Elephas; and research support from Exelixis and AstraZeneca, outside of the submitted work. XW: Honoraria – OncLive Consulting or Advisory Role - AstraZeneca; Dendreon; Novartis; Novartis; Novartis; Novartis; Novartis Research Funding - Amgen (Inst); Bristol-Myers Squibb (Inst); Macrogenics (Inst); Novartis (Inst); Poseida (Inst) Travel, Accommodations, Expenses - Corvus Pharmaceuticals; Novartis. CK: Employment - Epic Systems (I) Stock and Other Ownership Interests - Biogen; Epic Systems (I) Consulting or Advisory Role - AVEO; EMD Serono; Exelixis; Janssen Oncology; Pfizer; Sanofi Research Funding - AstraZeneca; Bristol Myers Squibb Foundation (Inst); EMD Serono (Inst); ESSA; Gilead Sciences; Madison Vaccines, Inc. (Inst); Pionyr; Sanofi. YZ: Consulting or Advisory Role - AstraZeneca; Bayer; Bristol-Myers Squibb/Medarex; Eisai; EMD Serono; Exelixis; Genzyme; Gilead Sciences; Janssen; Novartis; Pfizer Research Funding - Eisai (Inst); Exelixis (Inst); Pfizer (Inst) Travel, Accommodations, Expenses - Newlink Genetics. BLM: Consulting or Advisory Role - Arcus Biosciences; Astellas Medivation; AVEO; Bavarian Nordic; Bayer; Bristol-Myers Squibb; Clovis Oncology; Eisai; Exelixis; Janssen Oncology; Lilly; Merck; Peloton Therapeutics; Pfizer; Sanofi; Telix Pharmaceuticals; Tempus; Xencor Research Funding - Bavarian Nordic (Inst); Bristol-Myers Squibb (Inst); Clovis Oncology (Inst); Exelixis (Inst) Travel, Accommodations, Expenses – Exelixis. TLR: Research Funding - AstraZeneca (Inst); Bristol-Myers Squibb (Inst); GeneCentric (Inst); Merck (Inst); Roche/Genentech (Inst). WMS: Stock and Other Ownership Interests - Fortress Biotech Consulting or Advisory Role - AstraZeneca; Aveo; CVS Caremark; Merck; Pfizer; Treadwell Therapeutics; Xencorp Research Funding - AbbVie (Inst); Amgen (Inst); Astellas Medivation (Inst); AstraZeneca (Inst); Bayer (Inst); Boehringer Ingelheim (Inst); Bristol-Myers Squibb (Inst); Clovis Oncology (Inst); Corvus Pharmaceuticals (Inst); Eisai (Inst); Exelixis (Inst); Genentech/Roche (Inst); GlaxoSmithKline (Inst); Janssen (Inst); Johnson & Johnson (Inst); Merck (Inst); Millennium (Inst); Novartis (Inst); Pfizer (Inst); Seagen (I); Tesaro (Inst); X4 Pharma (Inst); Xencor (Inst) Expert Testimony - Apotex; Sandoz; US Dept of Justice Other Relationship - American Cancer Society; UpToDate. DFM: Received honoraria for consulting from Pfizer, Merck, Eisai Inc., and Arcus, and honoraria for serving on the Scientific Advisory Board for Cullinan. R.M. has also received research support for cancer research from BMS, Merck, Genentech, Immatics, Iovance, and Exelixis. TKC: Leadership - ASCO Stock and Other Ownership Interests - Abalytics Oncology; Bicycle Therapeutics; Curesponse; Faron Pharmaceuticals; Inndura; Osel; Pionyr; Precede Bio; Primium; Tempest Therapeutics Honoraria - Alkermes; Analysis Group; Aravive; Arcus Biosciences; ASCO; AstraZeneca; Bayer; Bristol-Myers Squibb; Clinical Care Options; Eisai; EMD Serono; ESMO; Exelixis; Foundation Medicine; Gilead Sciences; Gilead Sciences; GlaxoSmithKline; Harborside Press; HiberCell; Infinity Pharmaceuticals; Ipsen; Janssen Oncology; Kanaph Therapeutics; Lancet Oncology; Lilly; MashupMD; Merck; Michael J. Hennessy Associates; Navinata Health; NCCN; NiKang Therapeutics; Novartis; Peloton Therapeutics; Pfizer; PlatformQ Health; Precede Bio; Prometheus; Roche/Genentech; Sanofi/Aventis; Scholar Rock; Tempest Therapeutics; The New England Journal of Medicine; UpToDate Consulting or Advisory Role - Alkermes; Analysis Group; Aravive; Arcus Biosciences; ASCO; AstraZeneca; Bayer; Bicycle Therapeutics; Bristol-Myers Squibb; Caris Life Sciences; Clinical Care Options; Curesponse; Eisai; EMD Serono; ESMO; Exelixis; Foundation Medicine; Gilead Sciences; Gilead Sciences; GlaxoSmithKline; Harborside Press; Infinity Pharmaceuticals; Ipsen; Janssen Oncology; Kanaph Therapeutics; Lancet Oncology; Lilly; Merck; Michael J. Hennessy Associates; Navinata Health; NCCN; NeoMorph; NiKang Therapeutics; Novartis; Peloton Therapeutics; Pfizer; PlatformQ Health; Precede Bio; Prometheus; Roche/Genentech; Sanofi/Aventis; Scholar Rock; Tempest Therapeutics; The New England Journal of Medicine; UpToDate Research Funding - Agensys (Inst); Arcus Biosciences (Inst); AstraZeneca (Inst); AVEO (Inst); Bayer (Inst); Bristol-Myers Squibb (Inst); Calithera Biosciences (Inst); Eisai (Inst); Exelixis (Inst); GlaxoSmithKline (Inst); Ipsen (Inst); Merck (Inst); NiKang Therapeutics (Inst); Novartis (Inst); Peloton Therapeutics (Inst); Pfizer (Inst); Roche (Inst); Roche/Genentech (Inst); Seattle Genetics/Astellas (Inst); Takeda (Inst); TRACON Pharma (Inst) Patents, Royalties, Other Intellectual Property - -International Patent Application No. PCT/US2018/058430, entitled “Biomarkers of Clinical Response and Benefit to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy (Inst); ctDNA technologies; International Patent Application No. PCT/US2018/12209, entitled “PBRM1 Biomarkers Predictive of Anti-Immune Checkpoint Response (Inst) Travel, Accommodations, Expenses - Alexion Pharmaceuticals; alligent; Analysis Group; AstraZeneca; Bayer; Bristol-Myers Squibb; Cerulean Pharma; Clinical Care Options; Corvus Pharmaceuticals; Eisai; EMD Serono; ESMO; Exelixis; Foundation Medicine; GlaxoSmithKline; Harborside Press; HERON; Ipsen; Kidney Cancer Association; Lancet Oncology; Lilly; Lpath; Merck; Michael J. Hennessy Associates; Navinata Health; NCCN; Novartis; Peloton Therapeutics; Pfizer; PlatformQ Health; Prometheus; Roche/Genentech; Sanofi/Aventis; The New England Journal of Medicine; UpToDate.

PMID 42386345 · 2026

Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial of Intensive Systolic Blood Pressure Control in Patients With Renal Cell or Thyroid Cancer Receiving VEGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors: ECOG-ACRIN EAQ191.

R.R. Townsend has served as a consultant for Medtronic, AstraZeneca, Medscape, Bard, and OBIO; is a DSMB Member for Novartis and Cytel; received grants from the National Institutes of Health; and reports royalties from UpToDate. K. Mittal received honoraria from IntrinsiQ, Targeted Oncology, Medpage, Aptitude Health, Research to Practice, and Cardinal Health. She has played a consulting/advisory role for Myovant, Janssen, and AstraZeneca. She has research funding from Pfizer. The other authors report no conflicts.

PMID 42158981 · 2026

Evaluating the metabolic effects of neoadjuvant treatment in clear cell renal cell carcinoma using hyperpolarized [1-13 C]pyruvate MRI.

Declarations. Conflict of interest: G.D.S. has received educational grants from Pfizer, AstraZeneca, and Intuitive Surgical; consultancy fees from Pfizer, MSD, EUSA Pharma, and CMR Surgical; travel expenses from MSD and Pfizer; speaker fees from Pfizer; clinical lead (urology) National Kidney Cancer Audit and Topic Advisor for the NICE kidney cancer guideline. S.J.W. is a founder and director of Pinto Medical Consultancy. F.A.G. and J.D.K. have research grants from GlaxoSmithKline and AstraZeneca and research support from GE Healthcare. F.A.G. has consulted for AstraZeneca on behalf of the University of Cambridge.

PMID 41369900 · 2026

Pembrolizumab plus high-dose IL-2 in advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma: six-year survival outcomes and molecular signatures from a phase 2 trial.

Competing interests: Jo.C.: has received funding from Aveo, Genentech, Merck, and Exelixis for the conduct of clinical trials. G.J.: advisory board Astellas and Pfizer, honorarium for non-branded programs supported by DAVA Oncology. P.E.S.: Paid consultant for MyCareAlgorithm. M.F.: During the period the trial was active, M.F. received honoraria or advisory board, or speaker board payments, including Astellas, AVEO, Bayer, Bristol Myers Squib, Carsgen, Eisai, Exelixis, Immatics, Merck, Pfizer, and Prometheus. J.C.: J.C. has received advisory board or consultancy fees during his lifetime from Merck, Pfizer, Exelixis, Aveo, Eisai, and Mycaregorythm. J.C. is an editor for PDQ NCI. J.C. received honorarium for non-branded educational programs supported by DAVA Oncology and MJH Life Sciences. J.C. has received research funding during his lifetime (to J.C.’s institution) from Allogene, Astellas, Bristol Meyers, Eisai, Eli Lilly, Exelixis, Genentech, Merck, and Pfizer. J.C. is the co-founder of AI-OS LLC.

PMID 42185255 · 2026

HPK1 inhibitor NDI-101150 as monotherapy and in combination with pembrolizumab in patients with advanced solid tumors: Phase 1/2 trial results.

Declaration of interests D.A.B. reports stock and other ownership interests in CurIOS Therapeutics, Elephas Bio, and Fortress Biotech (subsidiary); consulting or advisory roles at 2nd.MD, Abbvie, Adept Field Solutions, Aptitude Health, AVEO, Blueprint Partnership, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Catenion, Cello Health, Charles River Associates, Compugen, CurIOS Therapeutics, Daiichi Sankyo, Dedham Group, Defined Health, DLA Piper, Eisai, Elephas Bio, Exelixis, GU Oncology Now, Insight Strategy, Link Cell Therapies, Merck, Neomorph, Nimbus Therapeutics, Octane Co., Pfizer, Schlesinger Associates, Scholar Rock, SignifyMD, Slingshot Insights, Targeted Oncology, and Trinity Group; and research funding from Astra Zeneca and Exelixis. M.S.N. reports consulting or advisory roles at Celgene, Ipsen, Merus, Moderna Therapeutics, and Taiho Pharmaceuticals and research funding from ERYTECH Pharma. R.H.M. reports consulting or advisory roles at Bristol Myers Squibb, IDEAYA Biosciences, Nimbus Therapeutics, and PureTech and research funding from Nimbus Therapeutics and Repare Therapeutics. M.G. reports stock and other ownership in Cota Healthcare; consulting or advisory role at Celularity, Guardant Health, Sanofi; and research funding from Acerta Pharma, Adlai Nortye, Arcus Biosciences, Array BioPharma, Bayer, Bellicum Pharmaceuticals, BMS, Boehringer Ingelheim, Celgene, Checkpoint Therapeutics, Compass Therapeutics, Constellation Pharmaceuticals, Cullinan Oncology, Cyteir, Daiichi Sankyo Company, Eisai, EMD Serono, Erasca Inc, Fate Therapeutics, Georgetown Univ., GlaxoSmithKline, GSB Pharma, Hackensack Meridian Health, Imugene, Incyte, Infinity Pharmaceuticals, ITeos Therapeutics, Janssen, Johnson & Johnson, KSQ Therapeutics, MedImmune, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Merck, Millennium, Mirati Therapeutics, Moderna Therapeutics, NextCure, Nimbus Therapeutics, Pfizer, Pharmacyclics, Rapa Therapeutics, Regeneron, Roche/Genentech, Sanofi, Seagen, Silenseed, Synlogic, Tesaro, Turning Point Therapeutics, Vedanta Biosciences, VelosBio, Verastem, and Vincerx Pharma. S.S. reports stock and ownership interests in Barricade Therapeutics, Beta Cat Pharmaceuticals, Black Canyon Bio, ConverGene, Elevar Therapeutics, HLB, Salarius Pharmaceuticals, and Stingray Therapeutics; honoraria from Array Biopharmaceuticals; consulting or advisory roles at Agastiya Biotech, Barricade Therapeutics, Celularity, Dracen, Elevar Therapeutics, Incyte, Mirati Therapeutics, Novelty Nobility, Processa Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Rappta Therapeutics, and Stemline Therapeutics; research funding from AADi, Adagene, Amal Therapeutics, Celgene, Dracen, Honor Health, Inhibrx, Merck, Nektar, Nimbus Therapeutics, Novartis, Plexxikon, Sirnaomics, Syndax, Takeda, Tesaro, Toray Industries, and Zai Lab. S.G. reports consulting or advisory roles from Abbvie, ARIAD, Astra Zeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Genetech/Roche, and Pfizer; and received research funding from ARIAD/Takeda, Blueprint Medicines, Genetech/Roche, Merck, and Pfizer. J.P. reports stock and ownership from Oncology Consultants; consulting or advisory roles from Exigent Research Network and research funding from Abbvie, Amgen, Astellas Pharma, AstraZeneca, BerGenBio, Dizal Pharma, eFFECTOR Therapeutics, Epizyme, Genentech/Roche, ImmunityBio, Immutep, Incyte, Ipsen, Janssen, Kechow Pharma, Lilly, Macrogenics, Mirati Therapeutics, Natera, Novartis, OncoC4, QSAM, Seagen, Sermonix Pharmaceuticals, and Systimmune. T.K.C. reports stock and ownership in Precede Bio, Osel, Tempest Therapeutics, Pionyr, Curesponse, Inndura, Primium, Abalytics Oncology, Bicycle Therapeutics, and Faron Pharmaceuticals; Honoria from HiberCell, Pfizer, Bayer, Novartis, GlaxoSmithKline, Merck, Bristol Myers Squibb, Roche/Genentech, Eisai, Foundation Medicine, AstraZeneca, Exelixis, Prometheus, Ipsen, Sanofi/Aventis, Peloton Therapeutics, UpToDate, NCCN, Michael J. Hennessy Associates, Analysis Group, Clinical Care Options, PlatformQ Health, Navinata Health, Harborside Press, ASCO, The New England Journal of Medicine, Lancet Oncology, EMD Serono, Lilly, Tempest Therapeutics, Arcus Biosciences, Alkermes, Gilead Sciences, Scholar Rock, Janssen Oncology, Precede Bio, Aravive, Infinity Pharmaceuticals, ESMO, NiKang Therapeutics, Kanaph Therapeutics, Gilead Sciences, and MashupMD; and research funding from Pfizer, Novartis, Merck, Exelixis, TRACON Pharma, GlaxoSmithKline, Bristol Myers Squibb, AstraZeneca, Peloton Therapeutics, Roche/Genentech, Agensys, Eisai, Takeda, Ipsen, Seattle Genetics/Astellas, Bayer, Roche, Calithera Biosciences, NiKang Therapeutics, Arcus Biosciences, and AVEO. H.E. reports consulting or advisory roles at Bristol-Myers Squibb, Cardinal Health, Cardinal Health, Eisai, Janssen Biotech. B.V.T reports Honoria from Beijing Biostar Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Oncology Education, Total Health Conference; consults or advises for Aadi, Acuta Capital Partners, LLC, Adaptimmune, Advenchen Laboratories, Boxer Capital LLC, Crisper Therapeutics, Daichi Sankyo, Deciphera, Galapagos NV, Hinge Bio, Kronos Bio, Inc., Putnam Associates, Salarius Pharmaceuticals, Inc., and Syneos Health and received research funding from Polaris. R.B. reports Honoria from Cardinal Health; consulting or advisory roles at Bristol-Myers Squibb and AstraZeneca; and received research funding from Bristol-Myers Squibb. G.E., S.R.D., S.N., P.K., and A.S. are current Nimbus Therapeutics employees and shareholders. D.S. reports stock and other ownership interests at Next Oncology and Texas Oncology/US Oncology; received an Honoria from Syneos Health; consulted or advised Nimbus Therapeutics, Revolution Medicines; and received research funding from Abbvie, Acrivon Therapeutics, ADC Therapeutics, Aprea Therapeutics, Ascentage Pharma, Astellas Pharma, Biomea Fusion, BioNTech SE, BJ Bioscience, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Compugen, Day One Biopharmaceuticals, Dicerna, Exelixis, Fate Therapeutics, Gilead Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Haihe Pharmaceutical, IconOVir Bio, Immuneering, IMPAC Medical Systems, Incendia Pharmaceuticals AB, Kura Oncology, MediLink, Mirati Therapeutics, ModeX Therapeutics, Monopteros Therapeutics, Navire, NGM Biopharmaceuticals, Nimbus Therapeutics, Novo Nordisk, OBI Pharma, OncoResponse, Pfizer, Revolution Medicines, Step Pharma, Symphogen, Tachyon Therapeutics, Teon Therapeutics, Tyligand Bioscience, Vincera Pharma/Vincerx Pharma, Vividion Therapeutics, ZielBio, and Zymeworks.

PMID 42097144 · 2026
01

Current Standard-of-Care Sources

Alexandria uses this label only for PubMed-indexed guidelines or consensus documents. These are source publications, not individualized recommendations.

02

Highest-Priority Research

meta analysisn=255721

The association of physical activity with urological cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Nature communications · 2026

Urological cancer (UC) is associated with significant adverse outcomes and poses a major global health burden. Although physical activity (PA) may reduce the risk of a single cancer site of UC through multiple pathways, whether PA is associated with the whole of UC is largely unknown. This study assesses the reduction in the risk of UC (including bladder, prostate, and renal cancer) associated with PA. We analyze data from 95 studies comprising 176 risk estimates based on 11,255,721 participants. Compared to low PA levels, high PA levels are associated with 9, 13, 6, and 11% lower risks of urological, bladder, prostate, and renal cancer, respectively. This association is stronger in case-con…

PMID 41803131
clinical guideline

International Radiosurgery Oncology Consortium of the Kidney (IROCK) Contouring Guidelines for Renal Cell Carcinoma Treated With Stereotactic Ablative Radiation Therapy.

International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics · 2026

PURPOSE: Stereotactic ablative body radiation therapy (SABR) is an emerging indication for localized renal cell carcinoma (RCC), yet there is a need for standardizing contouring practices, as accurate target delineation is essential to ensure optimal outcomes. Our objective was to develop consensus guidelines for target volume contouring for RCC SABR. METHODS AND MATERIALS: An international panel of RCC SABR experts affiliated with IROCK was convened. All were asked to contour target volumes for 4 relevant clinical scenarios: a large tumor (>10 cm) with inferior vena cava tumor thrombus; a central tumor abutting the renal hilum; a local recurrence following nephrectomy; and an ablation cavit…

PMID 41580163
clinical guideline

Assessing pathological response to neoadjuvant therapy in renal cell carcinoma: a systematic review and guidelines for sampling and reporting standards from the International Neoadjuvant Kidney Cancer Consortium.

The Lancet. Oncology · 2025

Pathological response is a surrogate marker of efficacy of neoadjuvant therapy in various tumour types, but there is no consensus on reporting pathological response for renal cell carcinoma. We aimed to assess the status of pathological response reporting in renal cell carcinoma and develop a recommendation on tissue preparation and response reporting for neoadjuvant treatment. We conducted a systematic review of publications on the PubMed and Web of Science databases to identify manuscripts reporting response to pre-surgical therapy in renal cell carcinoma. 119 eligible papers were identified. Only five (4%) studies included details of how pathological response had been assessed. Qualitativ…

PMID 41038202
systematic reviewn=35215

Real-World Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review.

Targeted oncology · 2026

BACKGROUND: Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based regimens are the standard first-line therapy for advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, their comparative effectiveness and safety in routine clinical practice remain incompletely characterised. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to systematically synthesise comparative real-world evidence on the efficacy and safety of ICI-based regimens in patients with advanced RCC. METHODS: A systematic search of MEDLINE, Embase, and Scopus was conducted from database inception to 21 January 2026, in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Observational cohort studies evaluating…

PMID 42218357
clinical guideline

What should the urologist know on the management of kidney cancer in patients with Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome? Recommendations of the European Association of Urology (EAU) Young Academic Urologists (YAU) Renal Cancer Working Group.

World journal of urology · 2026

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common manifestation in Von-Hippel Lindau (VHL) syndrome, accounting for almost 30% of the patients. However, since VHL syndrome is relatively rare, there are no clear guidelines regarding the approach to VHL patients with RCC. This article aims to provide evidence-based insights for diagnosis, treatment, and surveillance in VHL patients with RCC. METHODS: The articles indexed between 1977 and 2025 in PubMed was searched. Only articles in English were included. RESULTS: Renal cysts are quite common in VHL patients and these cysts predispose for RCC. VHL patients are characterized with early-onset, multifocal and/or bilateral, recurren…

PMID 42373875
clinical guideline

Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) clinical practice guideline on immunotherapy for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma, version 3.0.

Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026

Immunotherapy has been a pillar of the renal cell carcinoma (RCC) treatment landscape for over three decades. Some of the earliest cancer immunotherapies available, such as interleukin 2 and interferon-alpha, have resulted in complete responses, but only in a small number of patients. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), however, have demonstrated improved response rates and prolonged survival for a greater number of patients, fully transforming the standard of care in first-line and subsequent-line settings. More recently, ICIs are also being used in the adjuvant setting for high-risk patients. However, treatment with ICIs requires a nuanced understanding of topics such as patient selection…

PMID 41871874
clinical guideline

Kidney transplantation from donors with cancer or history of cancer: Transplantation and cancerology committee of Association Française d'Urologie guidelines (CTAFU/CCAFU).

The French journal of urology · 2025

INTRODUCTION: Potential donors for transplantation are screened for malignancies that can be transmitted on to the recipient. The discovery of cancer or a history of cancer often leads to contraindications for organ donation, while in some cases the cancer transmission risk is very low. The current context of organ shortage leads us to reconsider the use of organs from donors with cancer or a history of cancer when the risk of transmission is minimal or less than the risk of death on the waiting list. The Transplantation Committee (CTAFU) in partnership with the Cancer Committee (CCAFU) of the Association Française d'Urology (AFU) were asked to publish guidelines for clinical practice concer…

PMID 41271370
clinical guideline

SNMMI/EANM/ACNM Procedure Standard/Procedure Guideline on the Use of Molecular Imaging for Renal Mass Characterization.

Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine · 2025

Anatomic imaging of renal masses provides limited information on the histology or likely aggressiveness of the tumor, leading to the use of invasive procedures such as renal mass biopsy or empiric partial or radical nephrectomy. Molecular imaging can assist in risk stratification of indeterminate renal masses, potentially contributing to optimal patient decision-making. Two primary approaches have been explored for renal mass molecular imaging. The first is the use of agents that target carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX), a cell-surface protein that is over-expressed on clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and generally not expressed on other renal tumors. A recent phase III trial (ZIRCON) is w…

PMID 41067863
clinical guideline

Updated 2025 French guidelines for renal cell carcinoma.

The French journal of urology · 2025

The 2025 update of the French guidelines for localized renal cell carcinoma highlights several major advances. Renal biopsy reaffirms its central role in guiding therapeutic decisions and reducing overtreatment, with growing evidence supporting a broader "biopsy-all" strategy. Active surveillance is now established as a safe and effective option for small renal masses, including selected complex cystic lesions, providing oncological outcomes comparable to immediate intervention. Among alternative approaches, stereotactic body radiotherapy has emerged as a credible and well-tolerated treatment for medically inoperable patients. In hereditary syndromes, progress includes improved characterizat…

PMID 41109639
clinical guideline

Role of radiotherapy in the management of primary renal cell carcinoma: Recommendations from the Société française de radiothérapie oncologique (SFRO, the French society for radiation oncology).

Cancer radiotherapie : journal de la Societe francaise de radiotherapie oncologique · 2025

Renal cell carcinoma represents the 14th most frequent tumour worldwide, but its incidence is increasing partly due to incidental diagnoses. As a result, these tumours are diagnosed in patients at an increasingly advanced age, often frail and with comorbidities. Most renal cell carcinoma cases are clear cell carcinoma (80 %), with papillary tumours being the second most frequent histological subtype. The standard of care for localized RCC is surgery, with partial nephrectomy or radical nephrectomy being recommended for T1 and T2 tumours, respectively. Thermoablative strategies have been developed over the past decade for patients who are not amenable to surgery and/or with impaired renal fun…

PMID 40934605
clinical guideline

Wilms Tumor, Version 2.2025, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines In Oncology.

Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network : JNCCN · 2025

The NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines (NCCN Guidelines) for Wilms Tumor (WT; nephroblastoma) cover strategies for the screening, diagnosis, and treatment of WT, which is the most frequent primary kidney tumor in children. WT can generally be separated into 2 histology types: favorable histology WT and anaplastic WT. Five-year survival is high for children with favorable histology WT who receive appropriate treatment; however, survival rates are much lower for patients who present with higher stage diffuse anaplastic WT. Treatment of WT can range from surgery alone to surgery plus intensive chemotherapy and radiation depending on whether the tumor is unilateral or bilateral, histology, and lo…

PMID 40763792
meta analysisn=34304

Partial versus radical nephrectomy for pT3a renal cell carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Journal of robotic surgery · 2026

The surgical management of pathologic T3a (pT3a) renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remains contentious due to the lack of high-level evidence guiding the choice between partial nephrectomy (PN) and radical nephrectomy (RN). This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate whether PN represents a safe and effective alternative to RN. A comprehensive search of PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus was conducted through July 2025. The study included comparative trials of adult pT3a RCC patients undergoing PN or RN, focusing on oncological, perioperative, and functional outcomes. Sixteen retrospective studies involving 34,304 patients (5878 PN; 28426 RN) were analyzed. There were no statistically…

PMID 42010212
03

Latest Research — Last 24 Months

04

Treatment Options Studied in the PubMed Collection

These are interventions detected in PubMed metadata and abstracts. Inclusion does not establish approval, effectiveness, suitability, or standard-of-care status.

preliminary evidence

partial nephrectomy

30 linked PMIDs48775 reported cumulative sample signal
Research status
mostly neutral
Outcomes represented
renal function, reported clinical outcomes, quality of life, recurrence
Populations represented
general population; localized; papillary renal cell carcinoma; localized; advanced
Mechanism
Not explicitly reported in the retrieved PubMed metadata or abstracts.
PMID 42010212PMID 41925796PMID 41665510PMID 42201407PMID 42322709PMID 41667898PMID 42522975PMID 40592281
preliminary evidence

Biomarkers, Tumor

30 linked PMIDs19007 reported cumulative sample signal
Research status
harm signal
Outcomes represented
reported clinical outcomes, overall survival, recurrence, progression-free survival, disease-free survival, response rate
Populations represented
general population; clear cell renal cell carcinoma; metastatic; metastatic; PD-L1; clear cell renal cell carcinoma; PD-L1
Mechanism
Considering that the circulating proteome represents a primary source of candidate biomarkers and therapeutic targets, we conducted a large-scale Mendelian randomization (MR) study to identify plasma proteins potentially involved in the pathogenesis and treatment of common urological cancers (UCs), including bladder cancer (BC), prostate cancer (PC), renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and testicular cancer (TC) This study aimed to identify key prognostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for KIRC via multi-omics integrative analysis and preliminary experimental validation
PMID 42045466PMID 42019354PMID 40248945PMID 42536557PMID 40820078PMID 42030560PMID 42140468PMID 42338588
preliminary evidence

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors

20 linked PMIDs39949 reported cumulative sample signal
Research status
insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented
adverse events, overall survival, reported clinical outcomes, progression-free survival, recurrence, mortality, renal function
Populations represented
advanced; metastatic; general population; metastatic; first-line; clear cell renal cell carcinoma; localized
Mechanism
Mechanistically, this sequence aligns vascular reprogramming, antigen-specific priming, and checkpoint release, converting an immune-excluded tumor into a T-cell-dominated, cytotoxic niche Collectively, these findings identify temporal coordination as a critical determinant of therapeutic success and establish a mechanistically grounded framework for integrating vascular preconditionning, tumor-antigen vaccination, and PD-1 blockade as a curative immunotherapy strategy in renal carcinoma
PMID 38905806PMID 41324490PMID 42476727PMID 42031430PMID 41673778PMID 42308960PMID 42343214PMID 41290625
preliminary evidence

pembrolizumab

14 linked PMIDs12030 reported cumulative sample signal
Research status
insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented
overall survival, progression-free survival, objective response rate, response rate, adverse events, reported clinical outcomes, disease-free survival, recurrence
Populations represented
metastatic; first-line; advanced; metastatic; localized; advanced; metastatic; clear cell renal cell carcinoma; advanced; clear cell renal cell carcinoma; metastatic; localized
Mechanism
BACKGROUND: Sitravatinib, an oral multi-kinase inhibitor targeting VEGFR, TAM, and MET, has been shown to resensitize the tumor microenvironment to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) by reducing immune-suppressive myeloid cells in metastatic clear cell RCC (ccRCC) Preliminary data suggest inhibition of Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-κB Ligand (RANKL) signaling may potentiate ICI efficacy
PMID 41991383PMID 40212021PMID 42527074PMID 41993992PMID 42336709PMID 41389316PMID 42445320PMID 42143718
preliminary evidence

Nivolumab

13 linked PMIDs12238 reported cumulative sample signal
Research status
insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented
adverse events, overall survival, progression-free survival, objective response rate, response rate, reported clinical outcomes, quality of life
Populations represented
metastatic; first-line; metastatic; advanced; metastatic; second-line; third-line; previously treated; metastatic; treatment-naive; advanced; first-line; clear cell renal cell carcinoma; metastatic
Mechanism
BACKGROUND: Sitravatinib, an oral multi-kinase inhibitor targeting VEGFR, TAM, and MET, has been shown to resensitize the tumor microenvironment to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) by reducing immune-suppressive myeloid cells in metastatic clear cell RCC (ccRCC) Larger studies are warranted to confirm this clinical observation and elucidate the mechanism of action and the effects on microbiome and immune compartments
PMID 41991383PMID 42528919PMID 40212021PMID 42350220PMID 42449619PMID 35228755PMID 42089693PMID 38659099
preliminary evidence

cabozantinib

11 linked PMIDs12953 reported cumulative sample signal
Research status
insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented
overall survival, objective response rate, response rate, progression-free survival, disease-free survival, adverse events, quality of life
Populations represented
metastatic; first-line; advanced; metastatic; clear cell renal cell carcinoma; metastatic; advanced; first-line
Mechanism
BACKGROUND: Sitravatinib, an oral multi-kinase inhibitor targeting VEGFR, TAM, and MET, has been shown to resensitize the tumor microenvironment to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) by reducing immune-suppressive myeloid cells in metastatic clear cell RCC (ccRCC) With regulatory approval of the HIF-2α inhibitor, belzutifan, in the third- and fourth-line refractory setting, therapeutic targeting of this pathway has entered clinical practice
PMID 41991383PMID 40212021PMID 41760529PMID 42179010PMID 42464667PMID 42350220PMID 42143718PMID 42477830
moderate-confidence evidence

lenvatinib

11 linked PMIDs12791 reported cumulative sample signal
Research status
insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented
overall survival, progression-free survival, objective response rate, response rate, adverse events, reported clinical outcomes, disease-free survival, quality of life
Populations represented
metastatic; first-line; metastatic; clear cell renal cell carcinoma; advanced; clear cell renal cell carcinoma; metastatic; advanced; first-line; clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Mechanism
BACKGROUND: Sitravatinib, an oral multi-kinase inhibitor targeting VEGFR, TAM, and MET, has been shown to resensitize the tumor microenvironment to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) by reducing immune-suppressive myeloid cells in metastatic clear cell RCC (ccRCC) With regulatory approval of the HIF-2α inhibitor, belzutifan, in the third- and fourth-line refractory setting, therapeutic targeting of this pathway has entered clinical practice
PMID 41991383PMID 40212021PMID 41760529PMID 42527074PMID 42350220PMID 42445320PMID 42143718PMID 38659099
preclinical evidence only

Antineoplastic Agents

10 linked PMIDs97 reported cumulative sample signal
Research status
insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented
reported clinical outcomes, overall survival, recurrence, mortality, adverse events
Populations represented
general population; metastatic; clear cell renal cell carcinoma; metastatic; chromophobe renal cell carcinoma
Mechanism
Through network pharmacology analysis, the potential targets of Citronellol were identified, and it was confirmed that it may exert anticancer effects through the EGFR and JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathways Inhibition of ALOX5 inhibited the growth of subcutaneous tumors and lung metastases in 786O-R cell
PMID 41784696PMID 42385450PMID 42287957PMID 41653082PMID 42479152PMID 41864072PMID 40080123PMID 42371800
moderate-confidence evidence

Protein Kinase Inhibitors

9 linked PMIDs20928 reported cumulative sample signal
Research status
mostly neutral
Outcomes represented
reported clinical outcomes, overall survival, progression-free survival, adverse events, objective response rate, response rate
Populations represented
general population; metastatic; first-line; clear cell renal cell carcinoma; metastatic; first-line; metastatic; advanced; metastatic; second-line; advanced; metastatic
Mechanism
Background/Objectives: Cabozantinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that primarily targets MET The combined inhibition of MET/VEGFR and MEK1 suppressed compensatory MAPK reactivation and downregulated the PI3K-Akt pathway, including the survival-associated genes PPP2R3B and ATF6B, and produced significant tumor growth suppression in vivo
PMID 42510829PMID 42287957PMID 42430821PMID 42220544PMID 41760529PMID 41578672PMID 42477830PMID 36459768
preliminary evidence

ipilimumab

9 linked PMIDs6801 reported cumulative sample signal
Research status
insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented
adverse events, overall survival, progression-free survival, response rate, reported clinical outcomes, quality of life
Populations represented
metastatic; first-line; metastatic; treatment-naive; advanced; first-line; clear cell renal cell carcinoma; metastatic
Mechanism
BACKGROUND: Sitravatinib, an oral multi-kinase inhibitor targeting VEGFR, TAM, and MET, has been shown to resensitize the tumor microenvironment to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) by reducing immune-suppressive myeloid cells in metastatic clear cell RCC (ccRCC) Larger studies are warranted to confirm this clinical observation and elucidate the mechanism of action and the effects on microbiome and immune compartments
PMID 41991383PMID 42528919PMID 40212021PMID 35228755PMID 42089693PMID 38659099PMID 42433301PMID 42484760
preliminary evidence

Carbonic Anhydrase IX

6 linked PMIDs13114 reported cumulative sample signal
Research status
mostly supportive
Outcomes represented
reported clinical outcomes, adverse events
Populations represented
clear cell renal cell carcinoma; metastatic; CAIX; clear cell renal cell carcinoma; CAIX; clear cell renal cell carcinoma; chromophobe renal cell carcinoma; metastatic; VHL; CAIX
Mechanism
We designed three radiotracers targeting CAIX to improve the diagnostic value of imaging by increasing tumor uptake and the liver excretion pathway METHODS: This study developed three novel CAIX-targeting radiotracers, which were evaluated in vitro and in vivo; The study also included 8 patients with ccRCC, all of whom had paired [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-FZCI-3 PET/CT and [18F]-FDG PET/CT
PMID 41656421PMID 41629415PMID 42113837PMID 41381240PMID 42008867PMID 42244983
preliminary evidence

axitinib

6 linked PMIDs6784 reported cumulative sample signal
Research status
insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented
overall survival, progression-free survival, response rate, reported clinical outcomes, quality of life, adverse events
Populations represented
metastatic; first-line; clear cell renal cell carcinoma; advanced; first-line
Mechanism
BACKGROUND: Sitravatinib, an oral multi-kinase inhibitor targeting VEGFR, TAM, and MET, has been shown to resensitize the tumor microenvironment to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) by reducing immune-suppressive myeloid cells in metastatic clear cell RCC (ccRCC)
PMID 41991383PMID 40212021PMID 42103905PMID 42473996PMID 42433301PMID 42484760
preliminary evidence

Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized

6 linked PMIDs6319 reported cumulative sample signal
Research status
insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented
disease-free survival, recurrence, reported clinical outcomes, overall survival, progression-free survival, adverse events
Populations represented
general population; localized; advanced; metastatic; localized; metastatic; first-line; advanced; first-line
Mechanism
Not explicitly reported in the retrieved PubMed metadata or abstracts.
PMID 40575946PMID 40885527PMID 41389316PMID 41057128PMID 38659099PMID 42484760
preliminary evidence

Anilides

4 linked PMIDs322 reported cumulative sample signal
Research status
insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented
objective response rate, response rate, adverse events, overall survival, progression-free survival
Populations represented
advanced; metastatic; metastatic; first-line
Mechanism
Not explicitly reported in the retrieved PubMed metadata or abstracts.
PMID 42179010PMID 42464667PMID 42477830PMID 38659099
moderate-confidence evidence

Biomarkers

3 linked PMIDs713 reported cumulative sample signal
Research status
insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented
reported clinical outcomes
Populations represented
general population
Mechanism
PURPOSE: Type 2 (T2) inflammatory biomarkers are established therapeutic targets in asthma and non-asthmatic eosinophilic bronchitis (NAEB), but their relevance in chronic cough remains unclear Patients with CCAst/EB received inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting β₂-agonist (ICS/LABA) therapy, while those without evidence of T2 inflammation or who had failed ICS/LABA were treated with neuromodulators
PMID 34671856PMID 42458103PMID 42030560
preliminary evidence

Pyridines

3 linked PMIDs322 reported cumulative sample signal
Research status
insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented
objective response rate, response rate, adverse events
Populations represented
advanced; metastatic
Mechanism
Not explicitly reported in the retrieved PubMed metadata or abstracts.
PMID 42179010PMID 42464667PMID 42477830
preliminary evidence

Radiopharmaceuticals

3 linked PMIDs77 reported cumulative sample signal
Research status
mostly supportive
Outcomes represented
reported clinical outcomes, adverse events
Populations represented
clear cell renal cell carcinoma; metastatic; CAIX; clear cell renal cell carcinoma; chromophobe renal cell carcinoma; metastatic; VHL; CAIX
Mechanism
We designed three radiotracers targeting CAIX to improve the diagnostic value of imaging by increasing tumor uptake and the liver excretion pathway METHODS: This study developed three novel CAIX-targeting radiotracers, which were evaluated in vitro and in vivo; The study also included 8 patients with ccRCC, all of whom had paired [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-FZCI-3 PET/CT and [18F]-FDG PET/CT
PMID 41656421PMID 41629415PMID 42244983
05

Conflicting Research

higher-confidence evidence

partial nephrectomy · multiple reported outcomes

36 studies

Status: apparently conflicting; different clinical questions. Population: general population. Comparator: multiple or inconsistently reported comparators.

  • The records use different or inconsistently reported comparators.
  • The records report different endpoints or outcome definitions.
  • The evidence combines different study designs.
  • Some abstracts do not state whether the primary endpoint was met.
harm: 2null: 8unknown: 25mixed: 1
PMID 42010212PMID 41925796PMID 42162309PMID 41781583PMID 42474829PMID 41851385PMID 38349210PMID 41360001PMID 37684178PMID 38816992
higher-confidence evidence

Biomarkers, Tumor · multiple reported outcomes

23 studies

Status: apparently conflicting; different clinical questions. Population: general population. Comparator: multiple or inconsistently reported comparators.

  • The records use different or inconsistently reported comparators.
  • The records report different endpoints or outcome definitions.
  • The evidence combines different study designs.
  • Some abstracts do not state whether the primary endpoint was met.
unknown: 19harm: 3mixed: 1
PMID 42345173PMID 41958645PMID 42070237PMID 41566198PMID 41168704PMID 35989533PMID 42045466PMID 40885527PMID 42019354PMID 40248945
higher-confidence evidence

Nivolumab · multiple reported outcomes

8 studies

Status: apparently conflicting; different clinical questions. Population: metastatic; first-line. Comparator: multiple or inconsistently reported comparators.

  • The records use different or inconsistently reported comparators.
  • The records report different endpoints or outcome definitions.
  • The evidence combines different study designs.
  • Some abstracts do not state whether the primary endpoint was met.
unknown: 6null: 1benefit: 1
PMID 38659099PMID 42433301PMID 42135107PMID 41991383PMID 40212021PMID 42089693PMID 39924391PMID 42528919
higher-confidence evidence

ipilimumab · multiple reported outcomes

7 studies

Status: apparently conflicting; different clinical questions. Population: metastatic; first-line. Comparator: multiple or inconsistently reported comparators.

  • The records use different or inconsistently reported comparators.
  • The records report different endpoints or outcome definitions.
  • The evidence combines different study designs.
  • Some abstracts do not state whether the primary endpoint was met.
unknown: 5null: 1benefit: 1
PMID 38659099PMID 42433301PMID 42135107PMID 41991383PMID 40212021PMID 42089693PMID 42528919
moderate-confidence evidence

lenvatinib · multiple reported outcomes

7 studies

Status: apparently conflicting; different clinical questions. Population: metastatic; first-line. Comparator: multiple or inconsistently reported comparators.

  • The records use different or inconsistently reported comparators.
  • The records report different endpoints or outcome definitions.
  • The evidence combines different study designs.
  • Some abstracts do not state whether the primary endpoint was met.
null: 1benefit: 1unknown: 5
PMID 38659099PMID 42433301PMID 41991383PMID 40212021PMID 41760529PMID 42527074PMID 39924391
higher-confidence evidence

pembrolizumab · multiple reported outcomes

7 studies

Status: apparently conflicting; different clinical questions. Population: metastatic; first-line. Comparator: multiple or inconsistently reported comparators.

  • The records use different or inconsistently reported comparators.
  • The records report different endpoints or outcome definitions.
  • The evidence combines different study designs.
  • Some abstracts do not state whether the primary endpoint was met.
null: 1benefit: 1unknown: 5
PMID 38659099PMID 42433301PMID 42135107PMID 41991383PMID 40212021PMID 42527074PMID 39924391
moderate-confidence evidence

cabozantinib · multiple reported outcomes

6 studies

Status: apparently conflicting; different clinical questions. Population: metastatic; first-line. Comparator: multiple or inconsistently reported comparators.

  • The records use different or inconsistently reported comparators.
  • The records report different endpoints or outcome definitions.
  • The evidence combines different study designs.
  • Some abstracts do not state whether the primary endpoint was met.
null: 1benefit: 1unknown: 4
PMID 38659099PMID 42433301PMID 41991383PMID 40212021PMID 41760529PMID 39924391
higher-confidence evidence

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors · multiple reported outcomes

6 studies

Status: apparently conflicting; different clinical questions. Population: advanced. Comparator: multiple or inconsistently reported comparators.

  • The records use different or inconsistently reported comparators.
  • The records report different endpoints or outcome definitions.
  • The evidence combines different study designs.
  • Some abstracts do not state whether the primary endpoint was met.
unknown: 4benefit: 1null: 1
PMID 42084869PMID 38905806PMID 41912436PMID 42031430PMID 41324490PMID 42476727
moderate-confidence evidence

Nivolumab · multiple reported outcomes

3 studies

Status: apparently conflicting; different clinical questions. Population: metastatic. Comparator: multiple or inconsistently reported comparators.

  • The records use different or inconsistently reported comparators.
  • The records report different endpoints or outcome definitions.
  • The evidence combines different study designs.
  • Some abstracts do not state whether the primary endpoint was met.
null: 1unknown: 1benefit: 1
PMID 42350220PMID 37401306PMID 42318367
moderate-confidence evidence

cabozantinib · multiple reported outcomes

3 studies

Status: apparently conflicting; different clinical questions. Population: metastatic. Comparator: multiple or inconsistently reported comparators.

  • The records use different or inconsistently reported comparators.
  • The records report different endpoints or outcome definitions.
  • The evidence combines different study designs.
  • Some abstracts do not state whether the primary endpoint was met.
benefit: 1unknown: 1null: 1
PMID 42350220PMID 42507969PMID 42477830
moderate-confidence evidence

Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 1 · multiple reported outcomes

2 studies

Status: apparently conflicting; different clinical questions. Population: general population. Comparator: multiple or inconsistently reported comparators.

  • The records use different or inconsistently reported comparators.
  • The records report different endpoints or outcome definitions.
  • The evidence combines different study designs.
  • Some abstracts do not state whether the primary endpoint was met.
harm: 1mixed: 1
PMID 42070237PMID 40885527
moderate-confidence evidence

HAVCR1 protein, human · multiple reported outcomes

2 studies

Status: apparently conflicting; different clinical questions. Population: general population. Comparator: multiple or inconsistently reported comparators.

  • The records use different or inconsistently reported comparators.
  • The records report different endpoints or outcome definitions.
  • The evidence combines different study designs.
  • Some abstracts do not state whether the primary endpoint was met.
harm: 1mixed: 1
PMID 42070237PMID 40885527
06

Failed or Negative Trials

07

Emerging and Experimental Research

08

Evidence Gaps

Detailed risk-of-bias assessment remains limited

PubMed abstracts often do not include enough methodological detail for a complete study-level risk-of-bias assessment.

R

Complete Ranked PubMed Index

The retrieval-priority score orders records using publication type, recency, sample-size signals, and replication signals. It is not a recommendation or a formal risk-of-bias grade.

Current Standard Of Care60 records
Rank112.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement

Assessing pathological response to neoadjuvant therapy in renal cell carcinoma: a systematic review and guidelines for sampling and reporting standards from the International Neoadjuvant Kidney Cancer Consortium.

The Lancet. Oncology · 2025 · PMID 41038202

Pathological response is a surrogate marker of efficacy of neoadjuvant therapy in various tumour types, but there is no consensus on reporting pathological response for renal cell carcinoma. We aimed to assess the status of pathological response reporting in renal cell carcinoma and develop a recommendation on tissue preparation and response reporting for neoadjuvant treatment. We conducted a systematic review of publications on the PubMed and Web of Science databases to identify manuscripts reporting response to p…

Rank112.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement

International Radiosurgery Oncology Consortium of the Kidney (IROCK) Contouring Guidelines for Renal Cell Carcinoma Treated With Stereotactic Ablative Radiation Therapy.

International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics · 2026 · PMID 41580163

PURPOSE: Stereotactic ablative body radiation therapy (SABR) is an emerging indication for localized renal cell carcinoma (RCC), yet there is a need for standardizing contouring practices, as accurate target delineation is essential to ensure optimal outcomes. Our objective was to develop consensus guidelines for target volume contouring for RCC SABR. METHODS AND MATERIALS: An international panel of RCC SABR experts affiliated with IROCK was convened. All were asked to contour target volumes for 4 relevant clinical…

Rank110.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement

Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) clinical practice guideline on immunotherapy for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma, version 3.0.

Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026 · PMID 41871874

Immunotherapy has been a pillar of the renal cell carcinoma (RCC) treatment landscape for over three decades. Some of the earliest cancer immunotherapies available, such as interleukin 2 and interferon-alpha, have resulted in complete responses, but only in a small number of patients. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), however, have demonstrated improved response rates and prolonged survival for a greater number of patients, fully transforming the standard of care in first-line and subsequent-line settings. More …

Rank110.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement

Role of radiotherapy in the management of primary renal cell carcinoma: Recommendations from the Société française de radiothérapie oncologique (SFRO, the French society for radiation oncology).

Cancer radiotherapie : journal de la Societe francaise de radiotherapie oncologique · 2025 · PMID 40934605

Renal cell carcinoma represents the 14th most frequent tumour worldwide, but its incidence is increasing partly due to incidental diagnoses. As a result, these tumours are diagnosed in patients at an increasingly advanced age, often frail and with comorbidities. Most renal cell carcinoma cases are clear cell carcinoma (80 %), with papillary tumours being the second most frequent histological subtype. The standard of care for localized RCC is surgery, with partial nephrectomy or radical nephrectomy being recommended…

Rank110.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement

SNMMI/EANM/ACNM Procedure Standard/Procedure Guideline on the Use of Molecular Imaging for Renal Mass Characterization.

Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine · 2025 · PMID 41067863

Anatomic imaging of renal masses provides limited information on the histology or likely aggressiveness of the tumor, leading to the use of invasive procedures such as renal mass biopsy or empiric partial or radical nephrectomy. Molecular imaging can assist in risk stratification of indeterminate renal masses, potentially contributing to optimal patient decision-making. Two primary approaches have been explored for renal mass molecular imaging. The first is the use of agents that target carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX)…

Rank110.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement

Updated 2025 French guidelines for renal cell carcinoma.

The French journal of urology · 2025 · PMID 41109639

The 2025 update of the French guidelines for localized renal cell carcinoma highlights several major advances. Renal biopsy reaffirms its central role in guiding therapeutic decisions and reducing overtreatment, with growing evidence supporting a broader "biopsy-all" strategy. Active surveillance is now established as a safe and effective option for small renal masses, including selected complex cystic lesions, providing oncological outcomes comparable to immediate intervention. Among alternative approaches, stereo…

Rank110.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement

Wilms Tumor, Version 2.2025, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines In Oncology.

Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network : JNCCN · 2025 · PMID 40763792

The NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines (NCCN Guidelines) for Wilms Tumor (WT; nephroblastoma) cover strategies for the screening, diagnosis, and treatment of WT, which is the most frequent primary kidney tumor in children. WT can generally be separated into 2 histology types: favorable histology WT and anaplastic WT. Five-year survival is high for children with favorable histology WT who receive appropriate treatment; however, survival rates are much lower for patients who present with higher stage diffuse anaplasti…

Rank110.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement

Kidney transplantation from donors with cancer or history of cancer: Transplantation and cancerology committee of Association Française d'Urologie guidelines (CTAFU/CCAFU).

The French journal of urology · 2025 · PMID 41271370

INTRODUCTION: Potential donors for transplantation are screened for malignancies that can be transmitted on to the recipient. The discovery of cancer or a history of cancer often leads to contraindications for organ donation, while in some cases the cancer transmission risk is very low. The current context of organ shortage leads us to reconsider the use of organs from donors with cancer or a history of cancer when the risk of transmission is minimal or less than the risk of death on the waiting list. The Transplan…

Rank110.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement

What should the urologist know on the management of kidney cancer in patients with Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome? Recommendations of the European Association of Urology (EAU) Young Academic Urologists (YAU) Renal Cancer Working Group.

World journal of urology · 2026 · PMID 42373875

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common manifestation in Von-Hippel Lindau (VHL) syndrome, accounting for almost 30% of the patients. However, since VHL syndrome is relatively rare, there are no clear guidelines regarding the approach to VHL patients with RCC. This article aims to provide evidence-based insights for diagnosis, treatment, and surveillance in VHL patients with RCC. METHODS: The articles indexed between 1977 and 2025 in PubMed was searched. Only articles in English were includ…

Rank105.7
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Immune checkpoint inhibitors and other immunotherapies in the treatment of spinal column tumors: A systematic review and Meta-analysis of efficacy, and safety.

European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026 · PMID 40835773

PURPOSE: Spinal metastases affect up to 70% of systemic cancer patients, with overall survival averaging less than six months. Traditional chemotherapeutic agents have unsatisfactory results, leading to immunotherapy (IT) investigations. There is no clear consensus on the benefits and risks of IT for spinal tumors. This study assesses the current literature to determine IT safety and survival efficacy for tumors involving spinal column. METHODS: Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search was conducted across …

Rank103.9
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: null

Thermal Ablation Modalities That Best Compete with Partial Nephrectomy for T1A and T1B Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Network Meta-Analysis.

Journal of vascular and interventional radiology : JVIR · 2025 · PMID 40617477

PURPOSE: To address the lack of consensus on the ranking of thermal ablation (TA) for treating T1A and T1B renal cell carcinoma (RCC), a network meta-analysis was conducted to compare the efficacy and safety of different TA modalities for managing early-stage RCC. METHODS: The Cochrane Library, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were systematically searched for studies comparing percutaneous and laparoscopic radiofrequency ablation (RFA), cryoablation (CRA), and microwave ablation (MWA) with open, laparoscopic, and…

Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Quality Indicators for Renal Cancer Care: A Systematic Review.

European urology oncology · 2025 · PMID 40483206

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Quality indicators (QIs) are crucial for evaluating health care delivery, including effectiveness, safety, and patient-centered outcomes. In contrast to other fields, the definition and implementation of QIs for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) present distinct challenges and remain unmet needs. We summarized the available data on QIs for RCC, focusing on their characterization throughout the care pathway and the potential areas for further development. METHODS: A systematic review of the Englis…

Rank80.5
Multicenter clinical study

Comparative prognostic performance of KEYNOTE-564 and AUA risk stratification in nonmetastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Urologic oncology · 2026 · PMID 41266180

PURPOSE: To compare KEYNOTE-564 and American Urological Association (AUA) risk classifications in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), as recurrence after treatment for localized RCC remains a significant clinical challenge, and no consensus exists on how to define high-risk disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a retrospective multicenter study of surgically treated patients with nonmetastatic ccRCC. Patients were stratified by AUA and KEYNOTE-564 criteria, and overall survival (OS), cancer specific sur…

Rank79.5
Multicenter clinical study

Radiomics-Based Unsupervised Clustering Identifies Subtypes Associated With Prognosis and Immune Microenvironment in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Multicenter Study.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025 · PMID 40539890

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) exhibits marked clinical heterogeneity, limiting the prognostic accuracy of traditional staging. We developed an unsupervised radiomics-based subtyping system integrating multi-omics data to decode tumor biology and improve risk stratification. Analyzing five cohorts (n = 1700, including surgical cohorts and an advanced ccRCC cohort receiving combined tyrosine kinase inhibitor and immunotherapy [T-I] treatment), we extracted 1834 CT radiomic features, applying consensus clust…

Rank78.3
Multicenter clinical study

Node-RADS category on preoperative CT predicts prognosis in patients with papillary renal cell carcinoma.

European radiology · 2025 · PMID 39979621

OBJECTIVES: This research focused on investigating the relationship between the Node Reporting and Data System (Node-RADS) categories, determined via preoperative CT, and the outcomes of progression-free survival (PFS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) in individuals diagnosed with papillary renal cell carcinoma (pRCC). METHODS: A retrospective multicenter study initially enrolled 454 patients, with 218 eligible for analysis following partial nephrectomy or radical resection for pRCC. Prognostic factors related to…

Rank73.4
Multicenter clinical study

Comparison of glass-based and whole-slide image-based grade assignment for clear-cell and papillary renal cell carcinoma: a multi-cohort, international reproducibility study.

Histopathology · 2026 · PMID 41171031

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Histological grading of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is an important part of diagnostic evaluation. Reproducibility of RCC grading using whole-slide imaging (WSI) compared to glass-slide microscopy is understudied. The aim of the study was a head-to-head evaluation of WSI-based and glass-based grading approaches in clear-cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and papillary renal cell carcinoma (pRCC) subtypes. METHODS: Four cohorts of patient cases with glass slides and corresponding digitized WSI were included …

Rank73.3
Multicenter clinical studyResult signal: null

Radiological differentiation of succinate dehydrogenase-deficient renal cell carcinoma from renal oncocytoma and chromophobe renal cell carcinoma.

BMC cancer · 2026 · PMID 42067868

PURPOSE: To characterize the imaging features of succinate dehydrogenase-deficient renal cell carcinoma (SDH-RCC) and compare them with those of renal oncocytoma (RO) and chromophobe RCC (chRCC). METHODS: This retrospective two-center study was approved by the institutional review board, and informed consent was waived. Patients with histologically confirmed SDH-RCC, RO, or chRCC who underwent pre-treatment contrast-enhanced CT between November 2015 and October 2024 were included. Imaging features were independentl…

Rank73.0
Multicenter clinical studyResult signal: null

Evaluating the Feasibility of Standard Ultrasound in the Bosniak Classification of Cystic Renal Masses Compared with Computed Tomography/Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Multicenter Study.

Ultrasound in medicine & biology · 2026 · PMID 41238458

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the diagnostic performance of standard ultrasound (US) using a US-adapted Bosnian classification for characterizing cystic renal masses (CRMs) compared with computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (CT/MRI) as the current standard. METHODS: From July 2016 to June 2022, pathology-proven CRMs and CRMs with ≥3 y of follow-up from six centers were reviewed. Four readers with varying levels of expertise in US categorized CRMs using a US-based Bosnian classification, followed by a consensu…

Rank54.5
Other PubMed-indexed publication

Generation of Automated Nephrometry Scores Through Direct Prediction of Each Component.

Urology · 2026 · PMID 41856377

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether a deep learning model could automate R.E.N.A.L. nephrometry score generation and predict clinically significant outcomes. METHODS: A ResNet-50 neural network was trained on 599 patients from the 2023 KiTS Challenge dataset to predict numeric R.E.N.A.L. score components (excluding the anterior/posterior designation) using preoperative CT images and expert-derived segmentation masks. Five-fold cross-validation produced automated scores, which were compared with consensus human scores fr…

Rank53.1
Other PubMed-indexed publication

Prognostic and Predictive Value of the Clearseq1-4 Tumor Microenvironment Classification in Localized and Metastatic Clear-Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Cancer research communications · 2026 · PMID 42008739

UNLABELLED: The ccrcc1-4 transcriptomic subtypes were previously identified in fresh-frozen clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) samples and have proven their prognostic value after nephrectomy/metastasectomy and predictive value for first-line vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (VEGFR-TKI). We aimed to create a consensus molecular classification approach called Clearseq1-4 on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues and to evaluate its prognostic and predictive value …

Rank50.1
Other PubMed-indexed publication

Construction and validation of renal cell carcinoma tumor cell differentiation-related prognostic classification (RCC-TCDC): an integrated bioinformatic analysis and clinical study.

Annals of medicine · 2025 · PMID 40248945

BACKGROUND: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a heterogeneous malignancy with diverse gene expression patterns, molecular landscapes, and differentiation characteristics of tumor cells. It is imperative to develop molecular RCC classification based on tumor cell differentiation for precise risk stratification and personalized therapy. METHODS: We obtained scRNA-seq profiles from GSE159115 and bulk RNA-seq profiles from TCGA-KIRC cohort. We then performed scRNA-seq cluster analysis, monocle2 pseudotime analysis, and pro…

Rank49.4
Other PubMed-indexed publication

Computed tomography-based unsupervised clustering identifies clusters associated with progression free survival in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Cancer imaging : the official publication of the International Cancer Imaging Society · 2025 · PMID 41287074

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to develop and validate a radiologic clustering model using CT imaging features to stratify clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) patients by prognosis and identify key imaging predictors of 5-year progression free survival (PFS). METHODS: This retrospective study included 164 ccRCC patients with multiphase kidney CT and next-generation sequencing (NGS) between September 2003 and October 2024. Qualitative imaging features were extracted, and unsupervised consensus clustering was perfo…

Rank49.3
Other PubMed-indexed publication

Differentiation between renal cell carcinoma metastases to the pancreas and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors in patients with renal cell carcinoma on CT or MRI.

Abdominal radiology (New York) · 2025 · PMID 39775027

PURPOSE: To determine whether renal cell carcinoma metastases (RCC-Mets) to the pancreas can be differentiated from pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs) in patients with RCC on CT or MRI at presentation. METHODS: This retrospective study included patients with biopsy-proven RCC-Mets (n = 102) or PNETs (n = 32) at diagnosis or after nephrectomy for RCC. Inter-observer agreement (Cohen kappa) was assessed in 95 patients with independent reads by two radiologists, with discrepancies resolved by consensus for final…

Rank49.2
Other PubMed-indexed publication

MRI enhancement characteristics of septa and walls improve risk stratification of Bosniak III cystic renal masses.

Abdominal radiology (New York) · 2026 · PMID 41706101

PURPOSE: To evaluate whether MRI characteristics of septa and walls-specifically enhancement patterns during the corticomedullary (CP), nephrographic (NP), and excretory (EP) phases-can improve malignancy risk stratification in Bosniak III cystic renal masses (CRMs). METHODS AND MATERIALS: This single-center, retrospective study analyzed 120 patients with Bosniak III cystic renal masses who underwent renal MRI between January 2009 and December 2021. The cohort included two subcategories: III-WS (enhancing thick wal…

Rank49.2
Other PubMed-indexed publication

How to measure the effectiveness of recovery community centers: insights gained from a nationwide survey of directors of RCCs.

Frontiers in public health · 2025 · PMID 40771233

OBJECTIVE: Recovery community centers (RCCs) are a rapidly growing source of support for many Americans seeking or in recovery from substance use disorder. Research that examines the effectiveness of RCCs is critically needed. Determining how the "effectiveness" of RCCs ought to be measured, however, is challenging, because RCCs seek to confer benefits on multiple levels and because recovery is a multi-faceted construct. RCC directors are uniquely suited to provide insight into what outcome measures may be viable t…

Diagnosis And Screening83 records
Rank107.2
Systematic review or meta-analysis

A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Oncological Outcomes of Treated and Untreated Complex Cystic Renal Masses.

European urology focus · 2026 · PMID 41309407

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Complex cystic renal masses, classified using the Bosniak system, pose diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to their variable malignant potential. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess oncological outcomes in patients with cystic renal masses managed with active surveillance (AS) or active treatment (AT), and to report transitions from AS to AT. METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library up to October 2024, followi…

Rank106.8
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Elevated C-reactive protein to albumin ratio is a promising predictive biomarker for prognosis in patients with renal cell carcinoma.

Annals of medicine · 2026 · PMID 41566198

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Systemic inflammation is closely linked to the development and progression of various cancers, as well as poorer patient outcomes. The role of the c-reactive protein to albumin ratio (CAR) as a predictor of poor prognosis in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remains insufficiently recognized. METHODS: A literature search was conducted in major English-language databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library, with the search updated to 25 June 2025. Both the odds ratio (OR) and diagnostic…

Rank105.5
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Radiomics and Image-based Artificial Intelligence for Predicting Recurrence and Survival After Surgery in Localized Renal Cell Carcinoma: An APPRAISE-AI Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

European urology focus · 2026 · PMID 41530034

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Radiomics and artificial intelligence (AI)-based imaging models offer a noninvasive approach to preoperative risk stratification in localized renal cell carcinoma (RCC), where existing prognostic tools remain limited. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate their predictive performance and methodological quality for recurrence and survival outcomes. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted in PubMed and Scopus from inception through April 2025. Radiomics and AI mod…

Rank104.5
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Tissue Memory Score captures proximal tubular identity loss and independently stratifies survival in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Urologic oncology · 2026 · PMID 42542400

PURPOSE: In clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), stage dominates prognosis, and grading of tubular dedifferentiation depends on observer judgment. We evaluated the Tissue Memory Score (TMS), a continuous measure of retained proximal tubular identity, for independent prognosis, biological validity, platform robustness, and replication. METHODS: TMS scores a tumor's proximity to the kidney centroid in a locked principal-component space of 2,694 healthy GTEx samples; higher values denote greater kidney identity. T…

Rank96.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets of traditional Chinese Medicine compounds in renal cell carcinoma: A comprehensive narrative review.

Journal of ethnopharmacology · 2026 · PMID 42276388

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) often stops responding to targeted drugs, and those drugs can be toxic. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) works differently: it hits many targets at once and tries to rebalance the whole body. That makes TCM a plausible add-on, not a replacement. AIM OF THE REVIEW: This review aims to comprehensively summarize and critically appraise the molecular mechanisms by which TCM components and formulas exert anti-RCC activities, focusing on key signaling …

Rank96.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Unveiling the comorbidity hub: WT1 drives renal cancer progression in chronic kidney disease and confers sirolimus vulnerability.

Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2026 · PMID 42389452

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is epidemiologically linked to renal cell carcinoma (RCC); however, the biological mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear. In the present study, a meta-analysis confirmed CKD as a significant risk factor for incident RCC (pooled odds ratio, 2.55; 95% confidence interval, 1.80-3.59; P<0.00001), with a marked heterogeneity (I²=97%) that was largely explained by geography as North American studies showed stronger effects than East Asian studies (P=0.01). Integrating The Canc…

Rank93.2
Randomized clinical studyResult signal: benefit

The ITALIC-RCC: A Randomized Trial on Clinical and Humoral Impact of Primary Tumor Ablation by Surgery or Radiotherapy in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Treated with Checkpoint Inhibitors.

European urology open science · 2026 · PMID 42433301

BACKGROUND: Immunotherapy-based combinations have improved overall survival (OS) in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), but recent evidence suggests a therapeutic plateau, underscoring the need for more personalized strategies. Many patients start systemic therapy with the primary kidney tumor still in situ, and the role of cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN) in the immunotherapy era remains uncertain after CARMENA and SURTIME trials. In parallel, stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) has emerged as a noninvasive op…

Rank92.0
Randomized controlled trial

Delayed Progression-Free Survival Benefit of Belzutifan Versus Everolimus in LITESPARK-005: A Reconstructed Time-to-Event Reanalysis.

Clinical genitourinary cancer · 2026 · PMID 42150922

INTRODUCTION: In the LITESPARK-005 trial, early crossing of the progression-free survival (PFS) Kaplan-Meier curves suggest nonproportional hazards, potentially obscuring time-dependent treatment effects when summarized by a single hazard ratio. To characterize time-varying effects of belzutifan versus everolimus on PFS and overall survival (OS) in LITESPARK-005 using reconstructed individual patient data. METHODS: Reconstructed individual patient data for PFS and OS were reconstructed from published Kaplan-Meier c…

Rank73.4
Multicenter clinical study

CT and MRI features of renal inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor and its differential diagnosis from clear cell renal cell carcinoma and chromophobe renal cell carcinoma: a study of 13 cases from two centers.

BMC urology · 2026 · PMID 42210207

BACKGROUND: To compare the CT and MRI features of renal inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) with those of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (ChRCC). METHODS: Clinical and imaging data of 13 patients with pathologically confirmed renal IMT, along with 52 patients with ccRCC and 52 with ChRCC treated at two centers between January 2013 and February 2025 were retrospectively obtained, and the lesions' location, shape, margin, size, secondary changes, density or signal ch…

Rank70.0
Multicenter clinical study

Uncertainty-aware AI for tumor subtyping with histology and immunohistochemistry: A multi-center study in Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Computer methods and programs in biomedicine · 2026 · PMID 42019354

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Accurate classification of Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) subtypes is essential for personalized therapy, as prognostic outcomes and treatment responses differ markedly among subtypes. Most artificial intelligence applications in RCC focus on histology, while immunohistochemistry applications mainly quantify biomarkers rather than perform subtype classification. In clinical diagnostics, immunohistochemistry remains a valuable complement to histology, though its implementation is limited by cos…

Rank52.6
Other PubMed-indexed publication

Nuclear PML expression as a prognostic biomarker in localised clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

BJUI compass · 2026 · PMID 42540407

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate nuclear promyelocytic leukaemia protein (PML) expression as a prognostic biomarker in localised clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), aiming to improve postoperative risk stratification. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two independent retrospective cohorts of patients undergoing surgery for localised ccRCC were analysed: an exploratory cohort (n = 191; Turku University Hospital) and a validation cohort (n = 173; Helsinki University Hospital). Patients underwent surgery between 2005 and 2014 and 20…

Rank52.1
Other PubMed-indexed publication

CT-Derived Extracellular Volume Fraction Enables Noninvasive Risk Stratification of Small Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Academic radiology · 2026 · PMID 42538218

UNLABELLED: RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether extracellular volume fraction (ECV) derived from contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) differs across pathological grades of small clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and to evaluate its diagnostic value for identifying high-grade ccRCC. METHODS: This retrospective single-center study included 115 treatment-naïve patients with pathologically confirmed ccRCC ≤4 cm who underwent preoperative contrast-enhanced CT between January 2020 and October 202…

Rank52.0
Other PubMed-indexed publication

Transplantation and Mortality as Competing Outcomes Among Patients on Dialysis With Newly Diagnosed Cancer: A Longitudinal Cohort Study.

American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation · 2026 · PMID 42173347

RATIONALE & OBJECTIVE: A cancer diagnosis is associated with complex risks for patients that may influence survival and access to transplantation. This study characterized the probability and timing of cancer-related death, noncancer death, and transplantation among patients with an incident cancer diagnosis after dialysis initiation. STUDY DESIGN: Longitudinal cohort study. SETTING & PARTICIPANTS: In Australia and New Zealand, 2000-2021, 3,052 patients receiving dialysis, identified via the Australia and New Zeala…

Rank51.0
Other PubMed-indexed publication

CT-Based Radiomics for Prediction of Molecular Markers in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Comprehensive Review.

Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026 · PMID 42512891

Background and Objectives: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) demonstrates substantial molecular and clinical heterogeneity, limiting the prognostic accuracy of conventional staging system and complicating treatment selection. CT-based radiomics and radiogenomics have emerged as promising non-invasive approaches for predicting molecular biomarkers. This review aimed to evaluate the current evidence regarding CT-based radiogenomics for the prediction of molecular markers in ccRCC, with emphasis on methodologica…

Rank50.3
Other PubMed-indexed publication

Preoperative Tumor Shape Irregularity Is Associated With Pathological Upstaging to pT3 in Clinical T1 Renal Cell Carcinoma Treated With Partial or Radical Nephrectomy.

International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association · 2026 · PMID 42522538

OBJECTIVES: We evaluate whether preoperative tumor shape irregularity (TSI) is associated with pathological upstaging to pT3 in clinical T1 renal cell carcinoma (RCC) after partial nephrectomy or radical nephrectomy. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 435 patients with clinical T1 RCC that underwent partial nephrectomy or radical nephrectomy between April 2007 and December 2025. TSI was graded as 1, 2, or 3 on preoperative computed tomography by three urologists. Inter-observer agreement was assessed using the co…

Rank49.7
Other PubMed-indexed publication

CT-based variables of perirenal fat are risk factors for assessing pathological T-stage in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Annals of medicine · 2026 · PMID 41657050

BACKGROUND: Advances in the treatment of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) toward risk-based therapy intensity modulation have necessitated patient-specific assessments of preoperative T-stage. METHODS: A derivation cohort of 218 ccRCC patients with known pathological results and preoperative biomarker data was used to develop and validate a predictive model for preoperative T-stage. Perirenal fat characteristics were determined by the measurement or evaluation of preoperative CT images. Multivariate logistic…

Rank49.1
Other PubMed-indexed publication

Eosinophilic Pattern of Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma is More Aggressive Than the Classic Pattern: A Comprehensive Morphologic and Genomic Analysis.

The American journal of surgical pathology · 2026 · PMID 42023719

Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (chRCC) is generally considered an indolent malignancy; however, studies have produced conflicting results regarding the differences among its histologic patterns. The prognostic significance of eosinophilic morphology in chRCC remains controversial, in part due to inconsistent diagnostic criteria and inclusion of morphologic mimickers. Cases were classified by 3 expert genitourinary pathologists into eosinophilic, classic, and mixed chRCC patterns based on strict morphologic and im…

Rank48.8
Other PubMed-indexed publication

An immunohistochemical diagnostic panel for Xp11.2 translocation renal cell carcinoma: A diagnostic accuracy study.

Medicine · 2026 · PMID 42536557

Transcription factor binding to IGHM enhancer 3 (TFE3) break-apart fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is the gold standard for the diagnosis of Xp11.2 translocation renal cell carcinoma (tRCC). However, FISH is costly and not accessible in all laboratories. We aimed to develop a surrogate immunohistochemical panel to recognize Xp11.2 tRCC. We retrospectively enrolled 84 patients who underwent surgery for renal lesions from September 2017 to August 2022. Both immunohistochemistry and FISH analysis were perfor…

Rank48.8
Other PubMed-indexed publicationResult signal: null

Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound as a Next-Step Tool After Indeterminate CT in ESRD.

Ultrasound quarterly · 2026 · PMID 42335288

This study evaluates whether contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) serves as an effective next-step imaging modality for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) who have indeterminate renal lesions on computed tomography (CT), assessing its diagnostic performance and potential impact on surgical decision-making. A retrospective chart review was conducted on patients with ESRD who underwent both CEUS and CT between 2021 and 2024 within the VCU Health System. The primary lesion analyzed in each case was the one mo…

Rank48.7
Other PubMed-indexed publication

Preoperative three-dimensional reconstruction facilitates robot-assisted radical nephrectomy and inferior vena cava thrombectomy for renal cell carcinoma: Insights from a Chinese high-volume center.

European journal of surgical oncology : the journal of the European Society of Surgical Oncology and the British Association of Surgical Oncology · 2026 · PMID 42247960

OBJECTIVE: Three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction model is an emerging technology that significantly enhanced perioperative metrics. This work aimed to delineate the contribution of preoperative 3D reconstruction model to robot-assisted radical nephrectomy (RARN) and IVC thrombectomy. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on consecutive patients with RCC and IVC tumor thrombus (Mayo level 1-3) who underwent robotic surgery by a single surgeon (January 2023-January 2026). Preoperative computed tomograph…

Rank48.4
Other PubMed-indexed publication

Real-World Outcomes of Adjuvant Pembrolizumab for Renal Cell Carcinoma: The Potential Role of PD-L1 as a Prognostic Biomarker.

Targeted oncology · 2026 · PMID 42240722

BACKGROUND: Real-world data on adjuvant pembrolizumab after surgery for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) are limited. OBJECTIVE: To clarify the real-world outcomes of adjuvant pembrolizumab for patients with RCC with a high risk of recurrence. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated the clinicopathological data of 53 patients who received pembrolizumab as an adjuvant therapy after curative surgery for RCC on the basis of the criteria of the KEYNOTE-564 trial. The efficacy and safety profiles were assessed. The…

Rank48.3
Other PubMed-indexed publication

Assessment of Tumor Microenvironment Inflammatory Biomarkers in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Treated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.

Clinical genitourinary cancer · 2026 · PMID 42308960

INTRODUCTION: Therapies using immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are standard of care in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Currently, no accepted standardized biomarkers are available to predict treatment response in mRCC. We aimed to identify the predictive value of immunomodulatory markers interacting within the tumor microenvironment. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We included 45 untreated and pretreated patients treated with ICI, divided by their progression free survival (PFS) into groups of good (> 18 months), i…

Rank47.0
Other PubMed-indexed publication

Oligoprogressive renal cell carcinoma: What is the role of surgery?

BJU international · 2026 · PMID 41969229

OBJECTIVE: To provide an overview of the biological mechanism and pattern of oligoprogression in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and the most updated role of surgery in this setting, highlighting scientific gaps and informing future implications. METHODS: A non-systematic search of PubMed/MEDLINE was performed in August 2025 including guidelines, reviews, and original studies. Additional sources were identified through manual reference screening. RESULTS: Oligoprogression in RCC likely arises from clonal evolution dynam…

Rank47.0
Other PubMed-indexed publication

Estimating the Sodium Content: A Case Series of Benign and Malignant Renal Tumours Using 23Na-MRI at 3 T.

NMR in biomedicine · 2026 · PMID 42339587

Accurate and non-invasive subtyping of localised renal tumours is an important unmet clinical challenge in uro-oncology and has significant implications for patient mortality and quality of life. Developing novel imaging methods to characterise and stratify indeterminate kidney tumours at an early stage has the potential to address this clinical challenge. Here we applied sodium MRI (23Na-MRI) to estimate kidney tumour sodium content in a prospectively recruited case series of 10 patients (mean age ± SD 64 ± 8 year…

Rank45.0
Other PubMed-indexed publication

Comparison FT-IR spectral fingerprints of kidney Cancer in urine and serum: Clinical correlations and diagnostic potential.

Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy · 2026 · PMID 42309029

The identification of non-invasive biomarkers that not only detect kidney cancer but also reflect clinically relevant tumor characteristics remains a major challenge in translational oncology. In this study, we aimed to identify specific FT-IR spectral wavenumbers in two biofluids: serum and urine and to directly correlate these spectroscopic markers with established clinicopathological parameters, including histological grade and tumor characteristics. By linking molecular-level spectral information with medical d…

Evidence Syntheses61 records
Rank112.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement

International Radiosurgery Oncology Consortium of the Kidney (IROCK) Contouring Guidelines for Renal Cell Carcinoma Treated With Stereotactic Ablative Radiation Therapy.

International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics · 2026 · PMID 41580163

PURPOSE: Stereotactic ablative body radiation therapy (SABR) is an emerging indication for localized renal cell carcinoma (RCC), yet there is a need for standardizing contouring practices, as accurate target delineation is essential to ensure optimal outcomes. Our objective was to develop consensus guidelines for target volume contouring for RCC SABR. METHODS AND MATERIALS: An international panel of RCC SABR experts affiliated with IROCK was convened. All were asked to contour target volumes for 4 relevant clinical…

Rank112.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis

The association of physical activity with urological cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Nature communications · 2026 · PMID 41803131

Urological cancer (UC) is associated with significant adverse outcomes and poses a major global health burden. Although physical activity (PA) may reduce the risk of a single cancer site of UC through multiple pathways, whether PA is associated with the whole of UC is largely unknown. This study assesses the reduction in the risk of UC (including bladder, prostate, and renal cancer) associated with PA. We analyze data from 95 studies comprising 176 risk estimates based on 11,255,721 participants. Compared to low PA…

Rank111.1
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Real-World Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review.

Targeted oncology · 2026 · PMID 42218357

BACKGROUND: Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based regimens are the standard first-line therapy for advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, their comparative effectiveness and safety in routine clinical practice remain incompletely characterised. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to systematically synthesise comparative real-world evidence on the efficacy and safety of ICI-based regimens in patients with advanced RCC. METHODS: A systematic search of MEDLINE, Embase, and Scopus was conducted from database …

Rank110.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement

What should the urologist know on the management of kidney cancer in patients with Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome? Recommendations of the European Association of Urology (EAU) Young Academic Urologists (YAU) Renal Cancer Working Group.

World journal of urology · 2026 · PMID 42373875

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common manifestation in Von-Hippel Lindau (VHL) syndrome, accounting for almost 30% of the patients. However, since VHL syndrome is relatively rare, there are no clear guidelines regarding the approach to VHL patients with RCC. This article aims to provide evidence-based insights for diagnosis, treatment, and surveillance in VHL patients with RCC. METHODS: The articles indexed between 1977 and 2025 in PubMed was searched. Only articles in English were includ…

Rank110.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement

Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) clinical practice guideline on immunotherapy for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma, version 3.0.

Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026 · PMID 41871874

Immunotherapy has been a pillar of the renal cell carcinoma (RCC) treatment landscape for over three decades. Some of the earliest cancer immunotherapies available, such as interleukin 2 and interferon-alpha, have resulted in complete responses, but only in a small number of patients. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), however, have demonstrated improved response rates and prolonged survival for a greater number of patients, fully transforming the standard of care in first-line and subsequent-line settings. More …

Rank109.1
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma: a risk-stratified systematic review and meta-analysis.

Frontiers in immunology · 2026 · PMID 42220544

BACKGROUND: This systematic review and meta-analysis consolidates findings from recent randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the efficacy of first-line immune checkpoint inhibitor plus tyrosine kinase inhibitor (ICI-TKI) combination therapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). We also explored prognostic biomarkers and clinical factors to inform treatment strategies. METHODS: We conducted a systematic search of PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and major conference proceedings for RCTs p…

Rank109.1
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Partial versus radical nephrectomy for pT3a renal cell carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Journal of robotic surgery · 2026 · PMID 42010212

The surgical management of pathologic T3a (pT3a) renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remains contentious due to the lack of high-level evidence guiding the choice between partial nephrectomy (PN) and radical nephrectomy (RN). This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate whether PN represents a safe and effective alternative to RN. A comprehensive search of PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus was conducted through July 2025. The study included comparative trials of adult pT3a RCC patients undergoing PN or RN, foc…

Rank107.8
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: harm

Prognostic and Clinical Significance of Circulating Cystatin C Levels in Cancer Patients: A Meta-Analysis.

Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2026 · PMID 42345173

BACKGROUND: Cystatin C (CysC) exhibits both tumor-promoting and tumor-suppressing effects. Although elevated circulating CysC levels have been reported in multiple cancer types, studies assessing its prognostic value have produced conflicting results. This study aims to resolve these discrepancies and clarify the role of CysC as a prognostic marker. METHODS: A literature search was conducted in multiple databases. The pooled Hazard Ratio (HR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated to assess the prognost…

Rank107.6
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Efficacy and safety of immunotherapy-based combination therapy as first-line treatment for advanced renal cell carcinoma: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2026 · PMID 42484760

To update a network meta-analysis of first-line immunotherapy combinations in advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) using short-term data for primary analysis and long-term plus newly published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for subgroup analyses. We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Chinese databases for articles from inception to 22 December 2024, performing a Bayesian network meta-analysis. Overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rates (ORR), and…

Rank107.6
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Robot-assisted versus laparoscopic partial nephrectomy for localized renal tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis of oncological, perioperative, and renal functional outcomes.

Journal of robotic surgery · 2026 · PMID 42474798

To update the comparative evidence on robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) and laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) for patients with cT1-cT2 renal tumors, with emphasis on cancer control, perioperative recovery, and postoperative kidney function. Four databases were queried for English-language comparative studies published between January 30, 2016 and March 1, 2026. Eligible reports enrolled adults with localized renal tumors treated with RAPN or LPN and provided extractable oncological, perioperative, or …

Rank107.6
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Time-of-Day Immunotherapy Administration and Outcomes in Advanced Cancers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

JAMA network open · 2026 · PMID 42084869

IMPORTANCE: Circadian rhythms affect immunity, which could affect the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI). Whether the time of ICI administration is associated with clinical outcomes in advanced cancers remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between time of day of ICI administration and oncologic outcomes in patients with advanced solid tumors. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE (via PubMed), Embase, and Web of Science Core Collection were searched in February 2026 to identify eligible studies. S…

Rank107.4
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Gut microbiome impact on systemic therapy outcomes in metastatic renal cell carcinoma: a systematic review.

World journal of urology · 2026 · PMID 41966656

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and vascular endothelial growth factor–tyrosine kinase inhibitors (VEGF-TKIs) yields durable benefit in a subset of patients, yet primary resistance remains frequent. Emerging data implicate the gut microbiome as a determining factor of systemic therapy efficacy. This review systematically evaluates clinical evidence on antibiotics (ATBs), probiotics, dietary interventions, and fecal microbiota transp…

Rank107.4
Systematic review or meta-analysis

The prognostic value of the lung immune prognostic index in patients with urological cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Frontiers in immunology · 2026 · PMID 41958645

BACKGROUND: The Lung Immune Prognostic Index (LIPI), derived from the derived neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and lactate dehydrogenase, integrates systemic inflammation and tumour burden. Its prognostic utility in urological malignancies has not been comprehensively quantified. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis in accordance with PRISMA and a prospectively registered protocol. PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched through October 2025. Eligible cohort studies or trials eva…

Rank107.2
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Robot-Assisted versus Laparoscopic Radical Nephrectomy for High-Complexity Renal Tumors: A Multidisciplinary Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

La Clinica terapeutica · 2026 · PMID 42340793

BACKGROUND: Radical nephrectomy for high-complexity renal tumors, stage T2-T4, size ≥7 cm, and/or inferior vena cava (IVC) involvement, represents one of the most technically demanding procedures in urologic oncology. Robot-assisted radical nephrectomy (RARN) has expanded rapidly in adoption, yet its comparative benefit over laparoscopic radical nephrectomy (LRN) in the high-complexity subpopulation remains undefined. No systematic review has restricted analysis to T2-T4 disease or applied a multidisciplinary outco…

Rank107.2
Systematic review or meta-analysis

A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Oncological Outcomes of Treated and Untreated Complex Cystic Renal Masses.

European urology focus · 2026 · PMID 41309407

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Complex cystic renal masses, classified using the Bosniak system, pose diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to their variable malignant potential. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess oncological outcomes in patients with cystic renal masses managed with active surveillance (AS) or active treatment (AT), and to report transitions from AS to AT. METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library up to October 2024, followi…

Rank107.0
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: mixed

Circulating KIM-1 as a prognostic biomarker and predictor of systemic treatment response in renal cell carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Biomarkers : biochemical indicators of exposure, response, and susceptibility to chemicals · 2026 · PMID 42070237

BACKGROUND: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) exhibits heterogeneity and variable responses to systemic therapy. Kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) has emerged as a biomarker in RCC, but its prognostic and treatment-response value has not been quantified. This review and meta-analysis evaluated whether baseline KIM-1 predicts survival in RCC and whether post-treatment changes in KIM-1 reflect systemic therapy response. METHODS: A search of PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library was conducted through November 2025. Eligible…

Rank107.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Surgical Management of Nonmetastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma with Inferior Vena Cava Thrombus: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis.

European urology oncology · 2026 · PMID 41644363

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Inferior vena cava (IVC) tumor thrombus can impact the surgical management of locally advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). While open surgery remains the standard for complex thrombi, minimally invasive surgery (MIS) is increasingly adopted. The aim of this review was to compare perioperative outcomes across the different surgical approaches for IVC thrombectomy in nonmetastatic RCC. METHODS: We systematically searched the PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases from inception…

Rank106.8
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Elevated C-reactive protein to albumin ratio is a promising predictive biomarker for prognosis in patients with renal cell carcinoma.

Annals of medicine · 2026 · PMID 41566198

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Systemic inflammation is closely linked to the development and progression of various cancers, as well as poorer patient outcomes. The role of the c-reactive protein to albumin ratio (CAR) as a predictor of poor prognosis in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remains insufficiently recognized. METHODS: A literature search was conducted in major English-language databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library, with the search updated to 25 June 2025. Both the odds ratio (OR) and diagnostic…

Rank106.8
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: null

Emerging robotic platforms in partial nephrectomy: a comparative systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Journal of robotic surgery · 2026 · PMID 42162309

Robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) is the preferred minimally invasive nephron-sparing technique, with outcomes comparable to open and laparoscopic surgery. While most evidence derives from the da Vinci system, newer robotic platforms such as Hugo, Hinotori, KangDuo and MP1000 are emerging. This systematic review and network meta-analysis evaluated perioperative outcomes across available RAPN platforms. A systematic search of PubMed, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and Scopus identified studies reporting RAPN ou…

Rank106.8
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: null

Percutaneous thermal ablation versus robot-assisted partial nephrectomy for localized renal cell carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis stratified by tumor complexity.

Journal of robotic surgery · 2026 · PMID 42223755

Robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) and percutaneous thermal ablation (PTA) are established treatment options for localized renal tumors. While RAPN remains the standard-of-care, PTA is increasingly adopted, particularly in patients unfit for surgery. Evidence on how tumor complexity influences comparative outcomes between these two approaches remains limited. We conducted a systematic review of major database up to December 2025 and meta-analysis. Studies directly comparing PTA and RAPN in patients with loca…

Rank106.8
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: null

Single-port versus multi-port robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy in perioperative, oncological, and renal function outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Journal of robotic surgery · 2026 · PMID 41925796

As a novel surgical method for partial nephrectomy (PN), single-port robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (SP-RAPN) is becoming widely used. The efficacy and safety outcomes comparison between SP-RAPN and traditional multi-port RAPN (MP-RAPN) is still unclear. Hence, this study aims to compare the perioperative, oncological, and renal function outcomes between SP-RAPN and MP-RAPN based on updated evidence. A literature search was performed online in Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials…

Rank106.7
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: benefit

First-Line Anti-PD-1 Immunotherapy With Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Meta-Analysis by PD-1 Subtype.

Urology practice · 2026 · PMID 41439745

INTRODUCTION: Immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting programmed death-1 (PD-1) in combination with tyrosine kinase inhibitors have reshaped the first-line treatment landscape of advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, the relative efficacy and safety of different PD-1-based regimens remain unclear. This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of first-line anti-PD-1-based combinations with tyrosine kinase inhibitors compared with sunitinib in metastatic RCC and to explore whether clinical outco…

Rank106.6
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Selective P2X3 versus dual P2X2/3 receptor antagonists in refractory chronic cough: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Purinergic signalling · 2026 · PMID 42319606

Extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-mediated purinergic signalling via P2X3 and heteromeric P2X2/3 ion channel receptors underlies hypersensitisation of vagal airway afferents in refractory chronic cough (RCC), making this pathway a key therapeutic target. Two pharmacological strategies have emerged: dual P2X2/3 receptor antagonism and selective P2X3 inhibition. While dual antagonists (gefapixant) demonstrate robust antitussive efficacy, their clinical use is limited by taste disturbance resulting from P2X2/…

Rank106.6
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Direct head-to-head comparison between neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy in upper tract urothelial carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Urologia · 2026 · PMID 41311058

The optimal timing of perioperative chemotherapy in upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) remains debated. We conducted a meta-analysis to compare neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) versus adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) in terms of pathological and survival outcomes. A systematic search identified eligible studies directly comparing NAC and AC in UTUC patients. Five studies with 1938 patients were included. Compared with AC, NAC achieved higher rates of pathological downstaging (OR: 2.13; 95% CI: 1.21-3.76) and a lower r…

Rank106.2
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Novel multiport robotic systems versus da vinci multiport robotic system in robot-assisted partial nephrectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of surgical and oncological outcomes.

Journal of robotic surgery · 2026 · PMID 41781583

Robotic surgery is a game-changing innovation in urology. Novel multiport robotic systems’s (MRS) benefits and limitations in renal surgery when compared to Da Vinci MRS need to be fully understood. This study aims to identify variations from the well-known Da Vinci MRS in terms of surgical, oncological, and functional outcomes in patients undergoing robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN). Our systematic review and meta-analysis screened Pubmed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases, analyzing data from eighteen …

Landmark Evidence44 records
Rank111.1
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Real-World Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review.

Targeted oncology · 2026 · PMID 42218357

BACKGROUND: Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based regimens are the standard first-line therapy for advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, their comparative effectiveness and safety in routine clinical practice remain incompletely characterised. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to systematically synthesise comparative real-world evidence on the efficacy and safety of ICI-based regimens in patients with advanced RCC. METHODS: A systematic search of MEDLINE, Embase, and Scopus was conducted from database …

Rank109.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement

European Association of Urology Guidelines on Renal Cell Carcinoma: The 2022 Update.

European urology · 2022 · PMID 35346519

CONTEXT: The European Association of Urology (EAU) Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) Guideline Panel has prepared evidence-based guidelines and recommendations for the management of RCC. OBJECTIVE: To present a summary of the 2022 RCC guideline, which is based on a standardised methodology including systematic reviews (SRs) and provides transparent and reliable evidence for the management of RCC. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: For the 2022 update, a new literature search was carried out with a cutoff date of May 28, 2021, covering…

Rank108.4
Systematic review or meta-analysis

The Impact of Concomitant Medications on the Overall Survival of Patients Treated with Systemic Therapy for Advanced or Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Clinical genitourinary cancer · 2024 · PMID 39546952

Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and/or tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) are the standard treatment of advanced unresectable or metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC), the impact of concomitant medications remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate the impact of concomitant medications on survival outcomes in patients treated with systemic therapy for advanced unresectable or metastatic RCC. In August 2024, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were queried for studies evaluating concomitant medications in patien…

Rank107.6
Systematic review or meta-analysis

The incidence of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) and their association with clinical outcomes in advanced renal cell carcinoma and urothelial carcinoma patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Cancer treatment reviews · 2024 · PMID 38905806

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to summarize the occurrence of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) and further evaluate their association with clinical outcomes in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and urothelial carcinoma (UC) treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). METHODS: A comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library up to December 2023 was conducted to identify eligible studies. The details of irAEs and data regarding their correlation with clinical outcomes were e…

Rank107.4
Systematic review or meta-analysis

First-line therapy for adults with advanced renal cell carcinoma: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023 · PMID 37146227

BACKGROUND: Since the approval of tyrosine kinase inhibitors, angiogenesis inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors, the treatment landscape for advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has changed fundamentally. Today, combined therapies from different drug categories have a firm place in a complex first-line therapy. Due to the large number of drugs available, it is necessary to identify the most effective therapies, whilst considering their side effects and impact on quality of life (QoL). OBJECTIVES: To evaluate …

Rank107.2
Systematic review or meta-analysis

A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Oncological Outcomes of Treated and Untreated Complex Cystic Renal Masses.

European urology focus · 2026 · PMID 41309407

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Complex cystic renal masses, classified using the Bosniak system, pose diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to their variable malignant potential. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess oncological outcomes in patients with cystic renal masses managed with active surveillance (AS) or active treatment (AT), and to report transitions from AS to AT. METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library up to October 2024, followi…

Rank107.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement

Kidney Cancer, Version 3.2022, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology.

Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network : JNCCN · 2022 · PMID 34991070

The NCCN Guidelines for Kidney Cancer focus on the screening, diagnosis, staging, treatment, and management of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Patients with relapsed or stage IV RCC typically undergo surgery and/or receive systemic therapy. Tumor histology and risk stratification of patients is important in therapy selection. The NCCN Guidelines for Kidney Cancer stratify treatment recommendations by histology; recommendations for first-line treatment of ccRCC are also stratified by risk group. To further guide managem…

Rank106.7
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Acquired Cystic Disease-Associated Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Clinical genitourinary cancer · 2024 · PMID 38502982

Acquired cystic disease-associated renal cell carcinoma (ACD-RCC) is a common subtype of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The current systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the clinicopathological, and genetic characteristics of patients with ACD-RCC. A systematic search on three electronic databases including the Pubmed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were performed until December 31, 2022. A meta-analysis was performed following the PRISMA 2020 Gu…

Rank106.2
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Renal cell carcinoma detection: a systematic review in diagnostic urinary biomarkers.

BMC cancer · 2025 · PMID 41168704

BACKGROUND: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for 90% of all renal neoplasms and is often incidentally detected through unrelated imaging procedures. Differentiating between benign and malignant renal masses remains challenging using imaging alone. Urinary biomarkers may aid in this distinction, yet none are currently implemented in the clinic. Moreover, a comprehensive overview of urinary diagnostic biomarkers for RCC is lacking. Therefore, we aimed to systematically review and summarize existing literature on p…

Rank105.5
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Radiomics and Image-based Artificial Intelligence for Predicting Recurrence and Survival After Surgery in Localized Renal Cell Carcinoma: An APPRAISE-AI Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

European urology focus · 2026 · PMID 41530034

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Radiomics and artificial intelligence (AI)-based imaging models offer a noninvasive approach to preoperative risk stratification in localized renal cell carcinoma (RCC), where existing prognostic tools remain limited. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate their predictive performance and methodological quality for recurrence and survival outcomes. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted in PubMed and Scopus from inception through April 2025. Radiomics and AI mod…

Rank104.4
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Clinical significance of prognostic nutritional index in renal cell carcinomas.

Medicine · 2021 · PMID 33725913

Prognostic nutritional index (PNI) could reflect the nutrition and inflammation status in cancer patients. This study aims to identify the prognostic significance of PNI in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC).A total of 694 RCC patients from our institution were included in this study. The prognostic correlation between PNI and overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) was analyzed respectively using Kaplan-Meier method and univariate and multivariate Cox model. Studies about the association bet…

Rank104.1
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Meta-analysis of perioperative immunotherapy in renal cell carcinoma: Available, but the jury is still out.

Urologic oncology · 2023 · PMID 37331822

INTRODUCTION: While surgical management of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is curative for many patients, others may relapse and could benefit from adjuvant treatments. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have been proposed as a potential adjuvant therapy for improving survival in these patients, but the benefit/risk ratio of ICI in the perioperative setting remains unclear. METHODS: A systematic review and a meta-analysis of phase III trials of perioperative ICI (anti PD1/PD-L1 alone or in combination with anti-CTLA4 ag…

Rank103.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement

NCCN Guidelines Insights: Kidney Cancer, Version 1.2021.

Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network : JNCCN · 2020 · PMID 32886895

The NCCN Guidelines for Kidney Cancer provide multidisciplinary recommendations for diagnostic workup, staging, and treatment of patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). These NCCN Guidelines Insights focus on recent updates to the guidelines, including changes to certain systemic therapy recommendations for patients with relapsed or stage IV RCC. They also discuss the addition of a new section to the guidelines that identifies and describes the most common hereditary RCC syndromes and provides recommendations for…

Rank103.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement

2017 AUA Renal Mass and Localized Renal Cancer Guidelines: Imaging Implications.

Radiographics : a review publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc · 2018 · PMID 30339517

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common cancer that is increasing in incidence because of the increased prevalence of risk factors, including tobacco use, hypertension, and obesity, and the improved detection of these tumors due to increased use of imaging. Localized renal cancer now accounts for more than 60%-70% of new RCC cases. Renal masses suggestive of cancer include enhancing solid renal lesions and Bosniak III and IV complex cystic lesions. Most of these tumors are detected incidentally, and many are slow gr…

Rank102.7
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: benefit

Genomics of Clear-cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

European urology · 2022 · PMID 34991918

CONTEXT: Although antiangiogenic treatments and immunotherapies have significantly improved the prognosis of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC), many patients will develop resistance, leading to treatment failure. Genetic tumor heterogeneity is a major cause of this resistance. OBJECTIVE: To perform a meta-analysis of genomic data for clear-cell RCC obtained from primary tumors and metastases to assess the prevalence of gene mutations and copy number alterations (CNAs). EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: Articles were select…

Rank102.0
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: null

First-line immunotherapy of metastatic renal cell carcinoma: an updated network meta-analysis including triplet therapy.

BJU international · 2024 · PMID 38659099

OBJECTIVE: To compare the differential efficacy of first-line immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based combined therapies among patients with intermediate- and poor-risk metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), as recently, the efficacy of triplet therapy comprising nivolumab plus ipilimumab plus cabozantinib has been published. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Three databases were searched in December 2022 for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) analysing oncological outcomes in patients with mRCC treated with first-line ICI-b…

Rank101.8
Systematic review or meta-analysis

EAU guidelines on renal cell carcinoma: 2014 update.

European urology · 2015 · PMID 25616710

CONTEXT: The European Association of Urology Guideline Panel for Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) has prepared evidence-based guidelines and recommendations for RCC management. OBJECTIVES: To provide an update of the 2010 RCC guideline based on a standardised methodology that is robust, transparent, reproducible, and reliable. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: For the 2014 update, the panel prioritised the following topics: percutaneous biopsy of renal masses, treatment of localised RCC (including surgical and nonsurgical management…

Rank101.7
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Trans-arterial embolization of renal cell carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Abdominal radiology (New York) · 2022 · PMID 35380246

PURPOSE: To evaluate if trans-arterial embolization (TAE) of the primary tumor in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) improves symptomatology such as pain and hematuria or oncologic outcomes such as progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The systematic review search included PubMed, Ovid/MEDLINE, and Embase for full-text English articles including randomized and non-randomized prospective trials as well as prospective and retrospective case series. To be included, pro…

Rank101.7
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Robot-assisted Radical Nephrectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Comparative Studies.

European urology · 2021 · PMID 33218826

CONTEXT: Radical nephrectomy (RN) is the gold standard treatment for large and locally advanced renal tumors. Although robot-assisted radical nephrectomy (RRN) is being increasingly adopted, it remains unclear whether it offers benefits over standard laparoscopic radical nephrectomy (LRN) or open radical nephrectomy (ORN). OBJECTIVE: To compare the outcomes of robotic surgery to those of laparoscopic and open surgery in patients undergoing RN for renal cell carcinoma (RCC). EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: A systematic search…

Rank100.3
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: harm

PTEN in kidney cancer: A review and meta-analysis.

Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry · 2018 · PMID 29408173

BACKGROUND: Kidney cancer is one of the most common cancers in the USA causing 14,400 deaths per year. The phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) has been extensively documented as a tumor suppresser gene in cancer. However, there is unclear evidence for its clinicopathological and prognostic role in kidney cancer. METHODS: A systematic review of literature assessing PTEN expression and clinical outcome in patients with kidney cancer. Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and Chinese databases were searched for collecting…

Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Risk models for recurrence and survival after kidney cancer: a systematic review.

BJU international · 2022 · PMID 34914159

OBJECTIVE: To systematically identify and compare the performance of prognostic models providing estimates of survival or recurrence of localized renal cell cancer (RCC) in patients treated with surgery with curative intent. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a systematic review (PROSPERO CRD42019162349). We searched Medline, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library from 1 January 2000 to 12 December 2019 to identify studies reporting the performance of one or more prognostic model(s) that predict recurrence-free survival …

Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Multi-ancestry genome-wide association study of kidney cancer identifies 63 susceptibility regions.

Nature genetics · 2024 · PMID 38671320

Here, in a multi-ancestry genome-wide association study meta-analysis of kidney cancer (29,020 cases and 835,670 controls), we identified 63 susceptibility regions (50 novel) containing 108 independent risk loci. In analyses stratified by subtype, 52 regions (78 loci) were associated with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and 6 regions (7 loci) with papillary RCC. Notably, we report a variant common in African ancestry individuals ( rs7629500 ) in the 3' untranslated region of VHL, nearly tripling clear cell RC…

Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Oncologic and Functional Outcomes of Active Surveillance and Ablative Therapy for Small Renal Masses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Journal of vascular and interventional radiology : JVIR · 2026 · PMID 41679379

PURPOSE: To compare the oncologic and renal functional outcomes of active surveillance (AS) and ablative therapy (AT) in patients with small renal masses (SRMs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic search of PubMed, Cochrane, and Web of Science identified 78 studies: 9 on AS, 68 on AT, and 1 comparative study. Outcomes included overall survival (OS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), development of metastasis, posttreatment chronic kidney disease (CKD), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Subgroup analys…

Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis

One-stop shopping for recovery? A systematic review of the evidence on U.S. recovery community centers.

Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2025 · PMID 40447107

BACKGROUND: Increased recognition of the need for community-based substance use disorder (SUD) recovery support services (RSS) to complement and extend clinical care efforts has led to growth in a variety of RSS including recovery community centers (RCCs). Given increased national focus on expanding RCC research, this systematic review examined published research on RCCs. METHOD: We searched five publicly available empirical databases to retrieve existing studies on the effects of RCC participation through May 2024…

Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Quality Indicators for Renal Cancer Care: A Systematic Review.

European urology oncology · 2025 · PMID 40483206

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Quality indicators (QIs) are crucial for evaluating health care delivery, including effectiveness, safety, and patient-centered outcomes. In contrast to other fields, the definition and implementation of QIs for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) present distinct challenges and remain unmet needs. We summarized the available data on QIs for RCC, focusing on their characterization throughout the care pathway and the potential areas for further development. METHODS: A systematic review of the Englis…

Most Effective Evidence Supported Treatments61 records
Rank112.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement

International Radiosurgery Oncology Consortium of the Kidney (IROCK) Contouring Guidelines for Renal Cell Carcinoma Treated With Stereotactic Ablative Radiation Therapy.

International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics · 2026 · PMID 41580163

PURPOSE: Stereotactic ablative body radiation therapy (SABR) is an emerging indication for localized renal cell carcinoma (RCC), yet there is a need for standardizing contouring practices, as accurate target delineation is essential to ensure optimal outcomes. Our objective was to develop consensus guidelines for target volume contouring for RCC SABR. METHODS AND MATERIALS: An international panel of RCC SABR experts affiliated with IROCK was convened. All were asked to contour target volumes for 4 relevant clinical…

Rank111.1
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Real-World Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review.

Targeted oncology · 2026 · PMID 42218357

BACKGROUND: Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based regimens are the standard first-line therapy for advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, their comparative effectiveness and safety in routine clinical practice remain incompletely characterised. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to systematically synthesise comparative real-world evidence on the efficacy and safety of ICI-based regimens in patients with advanced RCC. METHODS: A systematic search of MEDLINE, Embase, and Scopus was conducted from database …

Rank110.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement

What should the urologist know on the management of kidney cancer in patients with Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome? Recommendations of the European Association of Urology (EAU) Young Academic Urologists (YAU) Renal Cancer Working Group.

World journal of urology · 2026 · PMID 42373875

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common manifestation in Von-Hippel Lindau (VHL) syndrome, accounting for almost 30% of the patients. However, since VHL syndrome is relatively rare, there are no clear guidelines regarding the approach to VHL patients with RCC. This article aims to provide evidence-based insights for diagnosis, treatment, and surveillance in VHL patients with RCC. METHODS: The articles indexed between 1977 and 2025 in PubMed was searched. Only articles in English were includ…

Rank109.1
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma: a risk-stratified systematic review and meta-analysis.

Frontiers in immunology · 2026 · PMID 42220544

BACKGROUND: This systematic review and meta-analysis consolidates findings from recent randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the efficacy of first-line immune checkpoint inhibitor plus tyrosine kinase inhibitor (ICI-TKI) combination therapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). We also explored prognostic biomarkers and clinical factors to inform treatment strategies. METHODS: We conducted a systematic search of PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and major conference proceedings for RCTs p…

Rank107.6
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Robot-assisted versus laparoscopic partial nephrectomy for localized renal tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis of oncological, perioperative, and renal functional outcomes.

Journal of robotic surgery · 2026 · PMID 42474798

To update the comparative evidence on robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) and laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) for patients with cT1-cT2 renal tumors, with emphasis on cancer control, perioperative recovery, and postoperative kidney function. Four databases were queried for English-language comparative studies published between January 30, 2016 and March 1, 2026. Eligible reports enrolled adults with localized renal tumors treated with RAPN or LPN and provided extractable oncological, perioperative, or …

Rank107.6
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Time-of-Day Immunotherapy Administration and Outcomes in Advanced Cancers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

JAMA network open · 2026 · PMID 42084869

IMPORTANCE: Circadian rhythms affect immunity, which could affect the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI). Whether the time of ICI administration is associated with clinical outcomes in advanced cancers remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between time of day of ICI administration and oncologic outcomes in patients with advanced solid tumors. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE (via PubMed), Embase, and Web of Science Core Collection were searched in February 2026 to identify eligible studies. S…

Rank107.6
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Efficacy and safety of immunotherapy-based combination therapy as first-line treatment for advanced renal cell carcinoma: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2026 · PMID 42484760

To update a network meta-analysis of first-line immunotherapy combinations in advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) using short-term data for primary analysis and long-term plus newly published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for subgroup analyses. We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Chinese databases for articles from inception to 22 December 2024, performing a Bayesian network meta-analysis. Overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rates (ORR), and…

Rank107.2
Systematic review or meta-analysis

A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Oncological Outcomes of Treated and Untreated Complex Cystic Renal Masses.

European urology focus · 2026 · PMID 41309407

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Complex cystic renal masses, classified using the Bosniak system, pose diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to their variable malignant potential. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess oncological outcomes in patients with cystic renal masses managed with active surveillance (AS) or active treatment (AT), and to report transitions from AS to AT. METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library up to October 2024, followi…

Rank107.2
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Robot-Assisted versus Laparoscopic Radical Nephrectomy for High-Complexity Renal Tumors: A Multidisciplinary Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

La Clinica terapeutica · 2026 · PMID 42340793

BACKGROUND: Radical nephrectomy for high-complexity renal tumors, stage T2-T4, size ≥7 cm, and/or inferior vena cava (IVC) involvement, represents one of the most technically demanding procedures in urologic oncology. Robot-assisted radical nephrectomy (RARN) has expanded rapidly in adoption, yet its comparative benefit over laparoscopic radical nephrectomy (LRN) in the high-complexity subpopulation remains undefined. No systematic review has restricted analysis to T2-T4 disease or applied a multidisciplinary outco…

Rank107.0
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: mixed

Circulating KIM-1 as a prognostic biomarker and predictor of systemic treatment response in renal cell carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Biomarkers : biochemical indicators of exposure, response, and susceptibility to chemicals · 2026 · PMID 42070237

BACKGROUND: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) exhibits heterogeneity and variable responses to systemic therapy. Kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) has emerged as a biomarker in RCC, but its prognostic and treatment-response value has not been quantified. This review and meta-analysis evaluated whether baseline KIM-1 predicts survival in RCC and whether post-treatment changes in KIM-1 reflect systemic therapy response. METHODS: A search of PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library was conducted through November 2025. Eligible…

Rank107.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Surgical Management of Nonmetastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma with Inferior Vena Cava Thrombus: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis.

European urology oncology · 2026 · PMID 41644363

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Inferior vena cava (IVC) tumor thrombus can impact the surgical management of locally advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). While open surgery remains the standard for complex thrombi, minimally invasive surgery (MIS) is increasingly adopted. The aim of this review was to compare perioperative outcomes across the different surgical approaches for IVC thrombectomy in nonmetastatic RCC. METHODS: We systematically searched the PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases from inception…

Rank106.8
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: null

Percutaneous thermal ablation versus robot-assisted partial nephrectomy for localized renal cell carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis stratified by tumor complexity.

Journal of robotic surgery · 2026 · PMID 42223755

Robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) and percutaneous thermal ablation (PTA) are established treatment options for localized renal tumors. While RAPN remains the standard-of-care, PTA is increasingly adopted, particularly in patients unfit for surgery. Evidence on how tumor complexity influences comparative outcomes between these two approaches remains limited. We conducted a systematic review of major database up to December 2025 and meta-analysis. Studies directly comparing PTA and RAPN in patients with loca…

Rank106.8
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: null

Emerging robotic platforms in partial nephrectomy: a comparative systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Journal of robotic surgery · 2026 · PMID 42162309

Robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) is the preferred minimally invasive nephron-sparing technique, with outcomes comparable to open and laparoscopic surgery. While most evidence derives from the da Vinci system, newer robotic platforms such as Hugo, Hinotori, KangDuo and MP1000 are emerging. This systematic review and network meta-analysis evaluated perioperative outcomes across available RAPN platforms. A systematic search of PubMed, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and Scopus identified studies reporting RAPN ou…

Rank106.6
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Selective P2X3 versus dual P2X2/3 receptor antagonists in refractory chronic cough: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Purinergic signalling · 2026 · PMID 42319606

Extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-mediated purinergic signalling via P2X3 and heteromeric P2X2/3 ion channel receptors underlies hypersensitisation of vagal airway afferents in refractory chronic cough (RCC), making this pathway a key therapeutic target. Two pharmacological strategies have emerged: dual P2X2/3 receptor antagonism and selective P2X3 inhibition. While dual antagonists (gefapixant) demonstrate robust antitussive efficacy, their clinical use is limited by taste disturbance resulting from P2X2/…

Rank105.5
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Radiomics and Image-based Artificial Intelligence for Predicting Recurrence and Survival After Surgery in Localized Renal Cell Carcinoma: An APPRAISE-AI Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

European urology focus · 2026 · PMID 41530034

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Radiomics and artificial intelligence (AI)-based imaging models offer a noninvasive approach to preoperative risk stratification in localized renal cell carcinoma (RCC), where existing prognostic tools remain limited. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate their predictive performance and methodological quality for recurrence and survival outcomes. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted in PubMed and Scopus from inception through April 2025. Radiomics and AI mod…

Rank105.4
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: benefit

Long-Term Survival Outcomes of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-based Combination Therapies in Favorable-Risk Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: An Updated Pairwise and Network Meta-Analysis.

Clinical genitourinary cancer · 2026 · PMID 42350220

Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based combination therapies have transformed the management of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). However, their benefit in International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium (IMDC) favorable-risk disease remains uncertain, raising concerns about potential overtreatment. We conducted a meta-analysis incorporating extended follow-up survival data to evaluate the long-term benefits of ICI-based combinations in this subgroup. PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the…

Rank105.2
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: null

Transperitoneal versus retroperitoneal single-port robot-assisted partial nephrectomy: systematic review and meta-analysis of perioperative and functional outcomes.

Journal of robotic surgery · 2026 · PMID 42474829

To systematically compare the safety and efficacy of the transperitoneal (TP) and retroperitoneal (RP) approaches in single-port robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (SP-RAPN). PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase were searched for comparative studies published before October 2025. The primary evaluated outcomes were grouped as Perioperative Outcomes (operative time, blood loss, ischemia time, positive surgical margin, postoperative eGFR, and hospital stay) and Surgical Safety (complication rate). Study inclusion and e…

Rank104.3
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Intraventricular metastasis: a systematic review of patient demographics, clinical characteristics, and outcomes.

Neuro-Chirurgie · 2026 · PMID 41866076

BACKGROUND: Intraventricular metastases (IVM) are rare occurrences of brain metastases that arise within the ventricles from primary tumors elsewhere in the body. While brain metastases are common, IVM account for only 1-2% of such cases and present unique treatment challenges due to their deep-seated location. This systematic review aims to comprehensively analyze patient demographics, clinical characteristics, treatment approaches, and outcomes for individuals diagnosed with IVM. METHODS: A systematic search of o…

Rank103.1
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Prediction Models for Shared Decision-making by Patients with Localised Renal Masses: A Systematic Review and a Survey of Patient and Clinician Priorities.

European urology oncology · 2026 · PMID 41748360

Counselling a patient with a localised renal mass (LRM) can be complex. While many models can predict various outcomes (nature of the mass, survival, technical points of the intervention), none is widely used. We conducted a systematic review of models that could potentially be used to assist patients' decision-making for LRMs (PROSPERO 1048873). Among 6833 records screened, 284 met the inclusion criteria covering nine broad categories (benign vs malignant, specific pathology, grade, adverse pathology, survival, ge…

Rank102.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Systematic Review: Prognostic Molecular Biomarkers in Wilms Tumors.

JCO precision oncology · 2026 · PMID 42150146

PURPOSE: Molecular biomarkers are increasingly used for risk stratification, particularly in up-front surgery settings (Children's Oncology Group trials), whereas in preoperative chemotherapy setting, the ongoing International Society of Pediatric Oncology (SIOP)-Renal Tumor Study Group-2016 UMBRELLA study aims to validate selected biomarkers for future risk-adapted treatment strategies. This systematic review summarizes all literature on the prognostic value of these biomarkers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic…

Rank100.1
Randomized controlled trial

Nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus sunitinib for first-line treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma: final analysis of efficacy and safety from the phase III CheckMate 214 trial.

Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology · 2026 · PMID 41786248

BACKGROUND: Nivolumab plus ipilimumab (NIVO + IPI) demonstrated significant long-term survival and response benefits in patients with previously untreated advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC) in the phase III CheckMate 214 trial (NCT02231749). We report final efficacy and safety results with 9.3 years median follow-up. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients (N = 1096) were randomized to NIVO 3 mg/kg plus IPI 1 mg/kg every 3 weeks × four doses, followed by NIVO (3 mg/kg or 240 mg every 2 weeks or 480 mg every 4 weeks); or s…

Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Oncologic and Functional Outcomes of Active Surveillance and Ablative Therapy for Small Renal Masses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Journal of vascular and interventional radiology : JVIR · 2026 · PMID 41679379

PURPOSE: To compare the oncologic and renal functional outcomes of active surveillance (AS) and ablative therapy (AT) in patients with small renal masses (SRMs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic search of PubMed, Cochrane, and Web of Science identified 78 studies: 9 on AS, 68 on AT, and 1 comparative study. Outcomes included overall survival (OS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), development of metastasis, posttreatment chronic kidney disease (CKD), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Subgroup analys…

Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Proton beam therapy versus photon therapy for multiple malignancies: An umbrella systematic review and meta-analysis.

Critical reviews in oncology/hematology · 2026 · PMID 41831626

BACKGROUND: Direct comparative evidence between proton beam therapy (PBT) and photon therapy for the treatment of malignant diseases is lacking. METHODS: Electronic databases were searched for meta-analyses of PBT vs. photon therapy for patients with malignancies from database inception up until March 13, 2025. The methodological quality of meta-analyses was assessed using AMSTAR 2. Where possible, the DerSimonian and Laird random-effects model was used to repeat each meta-analysis. For pooled evidence from two-arm…

Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Significance of Diabetes on Kidney Cancer Outcomes and the Role of Metformin.

Clinical genitourinary cancer · 2026 · PMID 41856872

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The effect of diabetes and metformin on renal cell carcinoma (RCC) outcomes has not been well established. METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to investigate the influence of diabetes on various outcome measures in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). We have also investigated the effect of metformin as a potential strategy to improve prognosis. A computerized systematic search of Medline, Embase, ProQuest, PubMed, and Google Scholar for literature was performed between i…

Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis

The use of computed tomography during follow-up after ablation of cT1 renal cell carcinoma: evidence for overuse.

European radiology · 2026 · PMID 41649536

OBJECTIVE: This systematic review aims to assess whether studies that followed the 2016 and updated 2024 European Association of Urology (EAU) Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) guidelines for CT during follow-up after tumor ablation (TA) yield different oncological outcomes compared to studies that performed more frequent imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A literature search of relevant search engines was performed up to June 6th, 2025. Studies that reported follow-up schedules of patients after TA for cT1 RCC were included…

New Research Last 24 Months120 records
Rank111.1
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Real-World Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review.

Targeted oncology · 2026 · PMID 42218357

BACKGROUND: Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based regimens are the standard first-line therapy for advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, their comparative effectiveness and safety in routine clinical practice remain incompletely characterised. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to systematically synthesise comparative real-world evidence on the efficacy and safety of ICI-based regimens in patients with advanced RCC. METHODS: A systematic search of MEDLINE, Embase, and Scopus was conducted from database …

Rank107.2
Systematic review or meta-analysis

A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Oncological Outcomes of Treated and Untreated Complex Cystic Renal Masses.

European urology focus · 2026 · PMID 41309407

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Complex cystic renal masses, classified using the Bosniak system, pose diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to their variable malignant potential. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess oncological outcomes in patients with cystic renal masses managed with active surveillance (AS) or active treatment (AT), and to report transitions from AS to AT. METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library up to October 2024, followi…

Rank106.8
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Elevated C-reactive protein to albumin ratio is a promising predictive biomarker for prognosis in patients with renal cell carcinoma.

Annals of medicine · 2026 · PMID 41566198

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Systemic inflammation is closely linked to the development and progression of various cancers, as well as poorer patient outcomes. The role of the c-reactive protein to albumin ratio (CAR) as a predictor of poor prognosis in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remains insufficiently recognized. METHODS: A literature search was conducted in major English-language databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library, with the search updated to 25 June 2025. Both the odds ratio (OR) and diagnostic…

Rank105.5
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Radiomics and Image-based Artificial Intelligence for Predicting Recurrence and Survival After Surgery in Localized Renal Cell Carcinoma: An APPRAISE-AI Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

European urology focus · 2026 · PMID 41530034

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Radiomics and artificial intelligence (AI)-based imaging models offer a noninvasive approach to preoperative risk stratification in localized renal cell carcinoma (RCC), where existing prognostic tools remain limited. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate their predictive performance and methodological quality for recurrence and survival outcomes. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted in PubMed and Scopus from inception through April 2025. Radiomics and AI mod…

Rank104.5
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Tissue Memory Score captures proximal tubular identity loss and independently stratifies survival in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Urologic oncology · 2026 · PMID 42542400

PURPOSE: In clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), stage dominates prognosis, and grading of tubular dedifferentiation depends on observer judgment. We evaluated the Tissue Memory Score (TMS), a continuous measure of retained proximal tubular identity, for independent prognosis, biological validity, platform robustness, and replication. METHODS: TMS scores a tumor's proximity to the kidney centroid in a locked principal-component space of 2,694 healthy GTEx samples; higher values denote greater kidney identity. T…

Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis

One-stop shopping for recovery? A systematic review of the evidence on U.S. recovery community centers.

Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2025 · PMID 40447107

BACKGROUND: Increased recognition of the need for community-based substance use disorder (SUD) recovery support services (RSS) to complement and extend clinical care efforts has led to growth in a variety of RSS including recovery community centers (RCCs). Given increased national focus on expanding RCC research, this systematic review examined published research on RCCs. METHOD: We searched five publicly available empirical databases to retrieve existing studies on the effects of RCC participation through May 2024…

Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Oncologic and Functional Outcomes of Active Surveillance and Ablative Therapy for Small Renal Masses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Journal of vascular and interventional radiology : JVIR · 2026 · PMID 41679379

PURPOSE: To compare the oncologic and renal functional outcomes of active surveillance (AS) and ablative therapy (AT) in patients with small renal masses (SRMs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic search of PubMed, Cochrane, and Web of Science identified 78 studies: 9 on AS, 68 on AT, and 1 comparative study. Outcomes included overall survival (OS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), development of metastasis, posttreatment chronic kidney disease (CKD), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Subgroup analys…

Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Radiofrequency Ablation (EUS-RFA): Are We Getting Evidence-Based Results? A Systematic Review According to the Levels of Evidence.

Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026 · PMID 42512924

Background and Objectives: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation (EUS-RFA) is an emerging minimally invasive therapeutic option for pancreatic and selected extra-pancreatic lesions. However, its clinical adoption is limited by heterogeneous indications, non-standardized techniques, and variable quality of evidence. This systematic review assessed the published literature on EUS-RFA and classified available evidence according to the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine levels of evidence. Materia…

Rank96.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets of traditional Chinese Medicine compounds in renal cell carcinoma: A comprehensive narrative review.

Journal of ethnopharmacology · 2026 · PMID 42276388

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) often stops responding to targeted drugs, and those drugs can be toxic. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) works differently: it hits many targets at once and tries to rebalance the whole body. That makes TCM a plausible add-on, not a replacement. AIM OF THE REVIEW: This review aims to comprehensively summarize and critically appraise the molecular mechanisms by which TCM components and formulas exert anti-RCC activities, focusing on key signaling …

Rank95.4
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

Two-year Follow-up for Oncological, Functional, and Quality-of-Life Outcomes in the Randomized ROBOCOP II Trial of Robot-assisted Versus Conventional Open Partial Nephrectomy.

European urology focus · 2026 · PMID 41760424

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) is increasingly used to treat renal cell carcinoma (RCC), but randomized data comparing long-term outcomes to those after open partial nephrectomy (OPN) remain limited. Our aim was to compare oncological, renal function, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) outcomes at 2 yr for patients who underwent RAPN versus OPN. METHODS: This single-center phase 2 randomized controlled trial included 50 patients with suspected localized RCC who were rand…

Rank78.8
Multicenter clinical study

Real-world treatment patterns and clinical outcomes among patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma post immune-oncology and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor targeted therapies: A multicenter community oncology-based study.

Urologic oncology · 2026 · PMID 41760529

BACKGROUND: First-line immune-oncology (IO) agents and VEGF-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) have complicated subsequent treatment decisions. This study describes real-world treatment patterns and clinical outcomes of mRCC patients in post-IO and TKI space in community oncology settings. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study utilized the iKnowMed electronic health record database to identify adult mRCC patients who received a subsequent line of therapy (LOT; i…

Rank77.7
Multicenter clinical studyCorrection flagged

Tumor anatomy predictors of mic and trifecta achievement in robot-assisted partial nephrectomy: a multicenter analysis stratified by PADUA score.

Journal of robotic surgery · 2026 · PMID 42319570

To assess the impact of individual anatomical components of the PADUA score on achieving composite surgical success metrics such as MIC and Trifecta in patients undergoing RAPN, and to identify subcomponents with independent predictive value for perioperative results. Data from 3,248 consecutive patients who underwent robotic nephron-sparing surgery at nine tertiary centers between 2010 and 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Tumors were stratified into low/intermediate (PADUA 6-9) and high complexity (PADUA ≥ 10).…

Rank76.6
Multicenter clinical study

Efficacy and safety of cabozantinib plus nivolumab in advanced non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma: a nationwide multicenter study.

Oncoimmunology · 2026 · PMID 42366526

Non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma (nccRCC) represents a biologically heterogeneous group of tumors for which optimal systemic treatment strategies remain poorly defined despite recent therapeutic advances. To address this gap, we evaluated the clinical activity and safety of cabozantinib plus nivolumab in patients with advanced nccRCC. In this nationwide, multicenter retrospective cohort study conducted in the Republic of Korea, 62 patients received the combination across multiple lines of therapy, with most trea…

Rank75.0
Prospective cohort study

Ultra-processed food intake and risk of renal cell carcinoma in the NIH-AARP Diet and health study: a prospective cohort analysis.

Lancet regional health. Americas · 2026 · PMID 42404163

BACKGROUND: Ultra-processed foods (UPF) are widely consumed and have been linked to obesity and hypertension, risk factors of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and the common clear cell (cc) RCC subtype. We evaluated the association between UPF and RCC. METHODS: In the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study, a US prospective cohort, participants with no cancer history at baseline (October 1995-May 1996) were followed until the date of first cancer diagnosis, death, or end of follow-up (December 31, 2018). Diet was self-reported u…

Rank75.0
Prospective cohort study

Associations of Outdoor Air Pollution With Incidence of Cancers Other Than Lung Cancer in a Large US Prospective Cohort.

International journal of cancer · 2026 · PMID 42071337

Outdoor air pollution, including particulate matter (PM), is a Group 1 carcinogen based on evidence for lung cancer; however, evidence for other cancers is limited. Further research on cancer incidence rather than mortality endpoints is needed as well as examinations in non-smokers. In the Cancer Prevention Study-II Nutrition Cohort, annual predictions of particulate and gaseous pollutant concentrations were assigned to residential addresses. Extended Cox regression estimated hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence i…

Rank73.4
Multicenter clinical study

ALK -Rearranged Renal Cell Carcinoma : Morphologic Spectrum and Genomic Landscape From a Multi-Institutional Cohort of 16 Cases.

The American journal of surgical pathology · 2026 · PMID 41790060

Due to its heterogeneous morphology and its rarity, anaplastic lymphoma kinase gene-rearranged renal cell carcinoma ( ALK RCC) is a diagnostically challenging entity, often leading to labelling these tumors as RCC, not otherwise classified. This may have clinical and managerial implications, given that patients with ALK oncogene rearrangement may benefit from ALK -inhibitors. Therefore, we attempted to elucidate the clinicopathologic and immunophenotypical characteristics of ALK RCC in a large international cohort.…

Rank73.4
Multicenter clinical study

CT and MRI features of renal inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor and its differential diagnosis from clear cell renal cell carcinoma and chromophobe renal cell carcinoma: a study of 13 cases from two centers.

BMC urology · 2026 · PMID 42210207

BACKGROUND: To compare the CT and MRI features of renal inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) with those of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (ChRCC). METHODS: Clinical and imaging data of 13 patients with pathologically confirmed renal IMT, along with 52 patients with ccRCC and 52 with ChRCC treated at two centers between January 2013 and February 2025 were retrospectively obtained, and the lesions' location, shape, margin, size, secondary changes, density or signal ch…

Rank54.8
Other PubMed-indexed publication

Mortality Among Employees of the Main Public Transport Company in the Paris Region, France: A Retrospective Cohort Study of 96,634 Employees Followed From 1980 to 2012.

American journal of industrial medicine · 2026 · PMID 42538561

BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to assess overall and cause-specific mortality among employees and former employees of the main public transport company in the Paris region. METHODS: The cohort included all personnel employed between 1980 and 2012 with at least 1 year of service. Vital status and causes of death were obtained from national registries and classified according to the European shortlist for causes of death. Occupations were categorized into 22 distinct groups, and complete occupational histories …

Rank52.6
Other PubMed-indexed publication

Nuclear PML expression as a prognostic biomarker in localised clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

BJUI compass · 2026 · PMID 42540407

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate nuclear promyelocytic leukaemia protein (PML) expression as a prognostic biomarker in localised clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), aiming to improve postoperative risk stratification. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two independent retrospective cohorts of patients undergoing surgery for localised ccRCC were analysed: an exploratory cohort (n = 191; Turku University Hospital) and a validation cohort (n = 173; Helsinki University Hospital). Patients underwent surgery between 2005 and 2014 and 20…

Rank52.1
Other PubMed-indexed publication

Real-World Treatment Patterns and Predictors of Treatment Allocation in Metastatic Non-Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: A National Cancer Database Analysis.

Clinical genitourinary cancer · 2026 · PMID 42541867

INTRODUCTION: Non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma (nccRCC) comprises heterogeneous cancers historically managed using evidence extrapolated from clear cell RCC. Current guidelines support histology-guided treatment, but real-world adoption of systemic strategies and cytoreductive nephrectomy remains incompletely characterized. We assessed temporal trends in systemic treatment and cytoreductive surgery and identified predictors of treatment allocation in metastatic nccRCC. METHODS: We used the National Cancer Databa…

Rank52.1
Other PubMed-indexed publication

CT-Derived Extracellular Volume Fraction Enables Noninvasive Risk Stratification of Small Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Academic radiology · 2026 · PMID 42538218

UNLABELLED: RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether extracellular volume fraction (ECV) derived from contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) differs across pathological grades of small clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and to evaluate its diagnostic value for identifying high-grade ccRCC. METHODS: This retrospective single-center study included 115 treatment-naïve patients with pathologically confirmed ccRCC ≤4 cm who underwent preoperative contrast-enhanced CT between January 2020 and October 202…

Rank51.1
Other PubMed-indexed publicationResult signal: null

Multimodal deep learning for predicting WHO/ISUP grading in renal tumors on CT using a self-attention-based model: variable Vision Transformer (vViT).

European journal of radiology open · 2026 · PMID 42436714

PURPOSE: To investigate the performance of the variable vision transformer (vViT) model in predicting the World Health Organization/International Society of Urological Pathology (WHO/ISUP) grade in renal tumors using multimodal data, including clinical information, radiomic features, and computed tomography (CT) images, and to identify the most dominant factor among these inputs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The vViT model was trained and validated on 111 patients (1398 images) and 15 patients (224 images), respectively,…

Rank51.0
Other PubMed-indexed publication

CT-Based Radiomics for Prediction of Molecular Markers in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Comprehensive Review.

Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026 · PMID 42512891

Background and Objectives: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) demonstrates substantial molecular and clinical heterogeneity, limiting the prognostic accuracy of conventional staging system and complicating treatment selection. CT-based radiomics and radiogenomics have emerged as promising non-invasive approaches for predicting molecular biomarkers. This review aimed to evaluate the current evidence regarding CT-based radiogenomics for the prediction of molecular markers in ccRCC, with emphasis on methodologica…

Rank50.7
Other PubMed-indexed publication

Differential effects of prior versus concomitant Steroid and Antibiotic Treatment on Immunotherapy Efficacy - A Pooled Analysis of the RAMONA, INTEGA, OPTIM, ELDORANDO, FORCE, TITAN-RCC and TITAN-TCC Trials of the German AIO Study Group.

British journal of cancer · 2026 · PMID 42156980

BACKGROUND: We explored the association of immune-related adverse events (irAE), along with prior and concomitant antibiotic and steroid use, on oncological outcomes following immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment in various solid tumours. METHODS: Pooled data from seven trials on ICI therapy across multiple cancer types (head and neck, non-small cell lung cancer, gastroesophageal junctional adenocarcinoma, oesophageal, renal cell, and urothelial carcinoma) was analysed, focusing on overall survival (OS) and …

Rank50.6
Other PubMed-indexed publication

Renal and urothelial cancer risks with SGLT2 inhibitors vs GLP-1 receptor agonists in type 2 diabetes: a target trial emulation.

Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2026 · PMID 41665869

BACKGROUND: The cardiovascular and renal benefits of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) are well established among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, comparative evidence regarding cancer risk remains limited. METHODS: We compared the risk of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and urothelial cell carcinoma (UCC), two malignancies with rising incidence and poor prognosis, in patients with T2D initiating SGLT2i vs GLP-1 RA. A new-user compara…

Preclinical Research62 records
Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Radiofrequency Ablation (EUS-RFA): Are We Getting Evidence-Based Results? A Systematic Review According to the Levels of Evidence.

Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026 · PMID 42512924

Background and Objectives: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation (EUS-RFA) is an emerging minimally invasive therapeutic option for pancreatic and selected extra-pancreatic lesions. However, its clinical adoption is limited by heterogeneous indications, non-standardized techniques, and variable quality of evidence. This systematic review assessed the published literature on EUS-RFA and classified available evidence according to the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine levels of evidence. Materia…

Rank96.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Unveiling the comorbidity hub: WT1 drives renal cancer progression in chronic kidney disease and confers sirolimus vulnerability.

Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2026 · PMID 42389452

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is epidemiologically linked to renal cell carcinoma (RCC); however, the biological mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear. In the present study, a meta-analysis confirmed CKD as a significant risk factor for incident RCC (pooled odds ratio, 2.55; 95% confidence interval, 1.80-3.59; P<0.00001), with a marked heterogeneity (I²=97%) that was largely explained by geography as North American studies showed stronger effects than East Asian studies (P=0.01). Integrating The Canc…

Rank36.3
Preclinical or laboratory study

Ambient PM2.5 exposure is associated with clear cell renal cell carcinoma aggressiveness and promotes tumor progression through ROS-mediated AKT/HIF-2α signaling.

Chemico-biological interactions · 2026 · PMID 42456526

Ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is an established environmental health hazard, but its role in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) progression remains incompletely understood. This study integrated epidemiological analysis, mechanistic experiments, transcriptomic profiling, and clinical tissue validation to investigate the association between ambient PM2.5 exposure and ccRCC aggressiveness. Among 1410 patients with pathologically confirmed ccRCC, long-term residential PM2.5 exposure during the 36 months…

Rank35.6
Preclinical or laboratory study

Glutaredoxin 1 promotes sorafenib resistance in renal cell carcinoma through ferroptosis suppression: Integrative bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation.

Tissue & cell · 2026 · PMID 41990693

BACKGROUND: Sorafenib resistance has limited the therapeutic efficacy in advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Glutaredoxin 1 (GRX1, also known as GLRX), a redox-regulating oxidoreductase belonging to the thioredoxin superfamily, may mediate this resistance through ferroptosis suppression, but the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. METHODS: GRX1 expression and sorafenib sensitivity were analyzed using The Cancer Genome Atlas-Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma (TCGA-KIRC, n = 601), Gene Expression O…

Rank33.4
Preclinical or laboratory study

IL-8 blockade enhances anti-PD-1 therapeutic activity in renal cell carcinoma in a next-generation patient-derived xenograft model.

iScience · 2026 · PMID 42338471

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are widely used for advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC); however, predictive biomarkers of response remain insufficiently defined, and treatment resistance is common. We comprehensively analyzed clinical samples from 51 patients with aRCC treated with anti-PD-1 therapy to identify resistance factors. Immunohistochemical analysis of tissue microarrays showed no significant correlation between baseline tumor microenvironment features and therapeutic response. In contrast, peripher…

Rank32.0
Preclinical or laboratory study

Evaluation of the in vitro quality of X-ray irradiated red cell concentrates processed and stored using di(2-ethylhexyl) terephthalate plasticized blood bag sets.

Vox sanguinis · 2026 · PMID 42472675

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) blood bags plasticized with di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) have long been the standard for red blood cell (RBC) storage. Due to safety concerns, alternatives like di(2-ethylhexyl) terephthalate (DEHT), in combination with next-generation additive solutions like phosphate-adenine-glucose-guanosine-saline-mannitol (PAGGSM), are being explored. While these show promise in maintaining RBC quality during storage, irradiated RBCs remain underexplored. This study comp…

Rank30.0
Preclinical or laboratory study

POU2F2 as a dual oncogenic and immunomodulatory driver in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma.

Cell adhesion & migration · 2026 · PMID 42421306

Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) features an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). We investigated the role of transcription factor POU2F2 in KIRC oncogenesis and macrophage polarization. Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics showed that POU2F2 is upregulated in KIRC and associated with metastasis and poor prognosis. POU2F2 knockdown inhibited KIRC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro. POU2F2 expression correlated with macrophage infiltration and JAK-STAT signaling. Co-culture as…

Rank30.0
Preclinical or laboratory study

Predicting Poor Efficacy of Cabozantinib in Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma by Exploratory Metabolic Pathway Analysis and In Vitro Verification.

Cancer medicine · 2026 · PMID 42538613

BACKGROUND: Cabozantinib (CABO) is currently an essential drug for first-line and sequential therapy in the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Predicting its therapeutic efficacy will enable efficient drug selection and improve the prognosis of patients. We conducted an exploratory study to predict the effects of CABO using metabolite analysis with clinical and in vitro samples. METHODS: Patients diagnosed with RCC at our hospital between September 2011 and August 2023 who were pathologically diagnos…

Rank30.0
Preclinical or laboratory study

Development of [111In]In-CHX-A″-DTPA-αCD68 for ImmunoSPECT to Image Murine Macrophages.

Molecular pharmaceutics · 2026 · PMID 42391610

Purpose: High tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) abundance is associated with poorer prognoses across many cancers, including renal cell carcinoma (RCC). CD68 is an established clinical biomarker for macrophages in patient tissues and is also expressed in mouse macrophages, making it an attractive target for bridging preclinical and clinical imaging of macrophages. We developed an anti-mouse CD68 (mCD68) immunoSPECT imaging agent to noninvasively quantify TAM burden in vivo and evaluate response to macrophage-modula…

Rank30.0
Preclinical or laboratory study

Drug-loaded biomorphic scaffolds for tissue regeneration and targeted antitumor therapy in bone metastasis models.

Biomaterials advances · 2026 · PMID 42385450

Renal cell (RCC) and breast carcinoma (BC) frequently develop lytic bone metastases (BM) that are usually treated with systemic and locoregional therapies. Surgery plays a crucial role when pathological fractures or lesions involve a load-bearing bone and consists in the removal of tumor area followed by replacement with implant or prosthesis. In the present study, a proof of concept of novel locoregional therapies for BM patients was evaluated, consisting in the functionalization of biomorphic apatitic scaffolds w…

Rank30.0
Preclinical or laboratory study

ENPP3 drives ccRCC progression by cGAMP hydrolysis and STING-IFN suppression.

Cancer biology & therapy · 2026 · PMID 41715305

OBJECTIVE: Clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is an immune-desert tumor. This study investigates the role of ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 3 (ENPP3) as a potential therapeutic target and immune-checkpoint enzyme in ccRCC. METHODS: ENPP3 expression and its link to hypoxia and prognosis were analyzed in ccRCC. Functional roles were tested using gain/loss-of-function studies in vitro and in xenograft models, followed by therapeutic anti-ENPP3 antibody administration, alone or with anti-PD-L1. M…

Rank30.0
Preclinical or laboratory study

RNA-binding protein RBM47 in health and disease: molecular mechanisms, preclinical evidence, and translational challenges.

Frontiers in immunology · 2026 · PMID 42495611

RNA-binding motif protein 47 (RBM47) is an evolutionarily conserved multifunctional RNA-binding protein. It mediates post-transcriptional regulation through C-to-U RNA editing, alternative splicing, and messenger RNA (mRNA) stability control. Preclinical evidence indicates that RBM47 exhibits context-dependent, dual effects in human disease. In breast cancer (BC), colorectal cancer (CRC), renal cell carcinoma (RCC), papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), experimental studies sugg…

Rank30.0
Preclinical or laboratory study

NME3 promotes clear cell renal cell carcinoma progression and modulates TKI response through MFN1/2-dependent mitochondrial fusion and mitophagy suppression.

Oncogene · 2026 · PMID 42432330

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC), particularly the clear cell subtype (ccRCC), is a prevalent malignancy characterized by aggressive progression and heterogeneous therapeutic responses. Although mitochondrial dynamics are increasingly recognized as critical regulators of cancer metabolism and survival, the role of nucleoside diphosphate kinase 3 (NME3) in this process remains poorly understood. In this study, we integrated bioinformatic analyses of public datasets with validation in patient-derived tissues, in vitro func…

Rank30.0
Preclinical or laboratory study

RNF149/RBM25/MYC/PD-L1 axis promotes CD8+ T cell dysfunction in microenvironment of clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2026 · PMID 42432400

BACKGROUND: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common kidney cancer, and clear cell RCC (ccRCC) represents the most common pathological type. CD8+ T cells are the most primary killing cells in tumor microenvironment (TME). Ring finger protein 149 (RNF149) played tumor-promoting roles in several tumors, and its roles in ccRCC remained unclear. This study aims to investigate the role of RNF149 in ccRCC. METHODS: The expression of RNF149 in clinical ccRCC specimens was determined with western blot and immunohistochemistr…

Rank30.0
Preclinical or laboratory study

MT2A facilitates the malignant progression of clear cell renal cell carcinoma by activating the TFAP2A/YAP axis via histone lactylation.

Chemico-biological interactions · 2026 · PMID 42435834

BACKGROUND: Clear cell Renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) represents the most common malignant tumor of the kidney. Metallothionein 2A (MT2A) is abnormally expressed in various cancers, but its functional role and underlying mechanism in RCC remain to be elucidated. METHODS: The expression of MT2A in RCC and its adjacent tissues was analyzed using the public TCGA and GEO databases. The effects of MT2A on cell proliferation, migration and invasion were investigated by using CCK-8, Transwell, and wound healing assays. Pote…

Rank30.0
Preclinical or laboratory study

Integration of network toxicology, WGCNA, and explainable machine learning to decipher the toxic molecular basis underlying DEGDB plasticizer-induced clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) progression.

Computational biology and chemistry · 2026 · PMID 42224996

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate (DEGDB), an emerging eco-friendly plasticizer, remains critically understudied with mechanistic and molecular-level evidence linking it to clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) progression, representing a major knowledge gap. To fill this gap, we conducted a cross-scale investigation using network toxicology, WGCNA, machine learning, SHAP explainable modeling, and molecular docking as methodological tools to elucidate DEGDB‑induced ccRCC progression. By jointly mining the ChEMBL, PubC…

Rank30.0
Preclinical or laboratory study

MEK1 as a Synthetic Lethal Target with Cabozantinib in Renal Cell Carcinoma: Insights from CRISPR/Cas9 Screening.

Genes · 2026 · PMID 42510829

Background/Objectives: Cabozantinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that primarily targets MET. It has become an important drug in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma (RCC); however, many patients do not respond to cabozantinib treatment and there is no effective next-line therapy. In this study, we identified molecular-targeted drugs that exhibit synergistic effects with cabozantinib using CRISPR/Cas9 screening. Methods: A kinome-wide synthetic lethal CRISPR/Cas9 screen was used to identify target molecules using…

Rank30.0
Preclinical or laboratory study

Development of a Novel 68Ga-Labeled Radiotracer Targeting Carbonic Anhydrase IX for the Diagnosis of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Molecular pharmaceutics · 2026 · PMID 42439293

Carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) is highly expressed in most clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCCs), making it an attractive candidate for the development of a molecular imaging target. This study investigated the preclinical performance and clinical feasibility of 68Ga-C1, a novel developed CAIX-targeted bicyclic peptide PET tracer. The binding characteristics and biological properties of 68Ga-C1 were first assessed through in vitro experiments. Subsequently, their imaging performance was evaluated in CAIX-expressi…

Rank30.0
Preclinical or laboratory study

The PTPN6-THBS1 axis drives immunosuppression in renal cell carcinoma by polarizing M2 tumor-associated macrophages.

Discover oncology · 2026 · PMID 42439989

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is characterized by a complex and highly heterogeneous tumor microenvironment (TME), the regulation of which remains incompletely understood. This study systematically investigated the role of protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 6 (PTPN6) in RCC. Through integrated bioinformatics analysis of TCGA and GEO datasets, we found PTPN6 was consistently overexpressed in multiple cancers, including clear cell (KIRC) and papillary (KIRP) RCC subtypes, where it served as a robust diagnost…

Rank30.0
Preclinical or laboratory study

Targeted co-delivery of curcumin and TRAIL via engineered extracellular vesicles: a synergistic therapy against resistant cancers.

Drug delivery and translational research · 2026 · PMID 42440253

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a resistant malignancy with a rising global incidence, thereby highlighting an urgent need for innovative treatment strategies. Curcumin (CUR), a natural polyphenolic compound, is promising for cancer treatment. However, its clinical translation has been hindered by poor bioavailability, low solubility, and rapid elimination. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-expressing extracellular vesicle (EV-T) has been proven to be an ideal platform for integrat…

Rank30.0
Preclinical or laboratory studyResult signal: harm

Single-cell and spatial multi-omics reveal mechanistic insights of FOLH1+ endothelial cells in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Journal of translational medicine · 2026 · PMID 42449425

BACKGROUND: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most prevalent and aggressive subtype of renal malignancy, characterized by extensive vascularization and poor prognosis. Early detection markedly improves patient outcomes, and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA, encoded by FOLH1) imaging has recently emerged as a valuable diagnostic tool for ccRCC. However, the cellular source, spatial distribution, and mechanistic contribution of FOLH1 expression within the tumor microenvironment remain poorly unde…

Rank30.0
Preclinical or laboratory study

Integrative Multi-Transcriptomic Uncovers Actionable Signatures and Drug Repurposing Candidates for ccRCC-Hypertension Comorbidity.

Cancers · 2026 · PMID 42512315

BACKGROUND: Hypertension is a common comorbidity and risk factor for clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), yet the molecular mechanisms linking these two diseases remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate hypertension-related molecular signatures in ccRCC using integrated multi-transcriptomic analyses. METHOD: Hypertension-related differentially expressed genes (DEHRGs) in ccRCC were identified by integrating transcriptomic data from the TCGA-KIRC cohort with the GeneCards database. Functional enrichment, …

Rank30.0
Preclinical or laboratory study

Development and preclinical evaluation of NYM074 as a novel Theranostic ligand targeting carbonic anhydrase IX in renal cell carcinoma.

Bioorganic chemistry · 2026 · PMID 42008867

PURPOSE: Carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) is specifically overexpressed in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and represents an ideal target for molecular imaging and radionuclide therapy. This study aimed to develop and systemically evaluate NYM074, a novel small-molecule CAIX-targeting ligand compatible with dual radiolabeling (68Ga for imaging, 177Lu for therapy), as a potential theranostic agent for ccRCC. METHODS: NYM074 was radiolabeled with 68Ga and 177Lu, with the yield, radiochemical purity and serum stab…

Rank30.0
Preclinical or laboratory study

A comprehensive study of intratumor bacteria in clear-cell renal cell carcinoma identifies Cutibacterium acnes as a protector via suppression of macrophage M2 polarization.

mSystems · 2026 · PMID 42454938

UNLABELLED: Intratumor bacteria (ITB) have emerged as key modulators in various malignancies; however, their role in clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remains unclear and elusive. In this study, we analyzed seven independent cohorts (comprising one 16S rRNA sequencing and six bulk RNA sequencing data sets) encompassing 517 ccRCC and 65 paired adjacent normal tissues. Following a rigorous decontamination pipeline, we found that neither microbial diversity nor compositional profiles differed significantly betwe…

Rank30.0
Preclinical or laboratory study

Mechanistic investigation of TRIB3-mediated growth, metastasis and ferroptosis in renal cell carcinoma.

Human cell · 2026 · PMID 42455213

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common and highly lethal malignancy. Tribbles pseudokinase 3 (TRIB3) has been reported to exert oncogenic roles in the pathogenesis of multiple tumors; nevertheless, the detailed mechanisms through which TRIB3 drives RCC development remain largely undefined. In this study, qPCR and Western blot were used to quantify the levels of TRIB3, STIP1 homology and U-box containing protein 1 (STUB1), and activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2). Cell proliferation, invasion, stemness, and angi…

Promising Experimental Therapies60 records
Rank96.2
Randomized controlled trial

Papillary renal cell carcinoma - exploratory results of the SUNNIFORECAST trial comparing Ipilimumab plus Nivolumab vs standard of care as first line therapy based on central pathological review.

European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990) · 2026 · PMID 42235464

BACKGROUND: Papillary renal cell cancer (pRCC) represents the largest subgroup within non-clear cell (ncc) RCC. Compared with clear cell RCC (ccRCC), pRCC is considered less sensitive to currently available systemic therapies. Here, we report exploratory results from the pRCC subgroup of the SUNNIFORECAST trial comparing ipilimumab/nivolumab with standard of care (SOC) based on central pathological review. METHODS AND PATIENTS: SUNNIFORECAST was a prospective, investigator-initiated, phase II trial evaluating ipili…

Rank95.6
Randomized controlled trial

Simlukafusp alfa (FAP-IL2v) plus atezolizumab with or without bevacizumab in unresectable, metastatic renal cell carcinoma: a randomized, open-label phase Ib study.

Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026 · PMID 41956546

BACKGROUND: Simlukafusp alfa (FAP-IL2v) was engineered to preferentially activate CD8+ T and natural killer (NK) cells in tumor microenvironments overexpressing fibroblast activation protein (FAP). Checkpoint inhibitors combined with antiangiogenic agents are standard therapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), which overexpresses FAP. Here, we explored the efficacy, safety, and pharmacodynamic effects of FAP-IL2v in combination with atezolizumab with or without bevacizumab in patients with mRCC. METHODS: P…

Rank95.6
Randomized controlled trial

Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial of Intensive Systolic Blood Pressure Control in Patients With Renal Cell or Thyroid Cancer Receiving VEGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors: ECOG-ACRIN EAQ191.

Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2026 · PMID 42158981

BACKGROUND: The objective of this cluster randomized controlled trial was to determine the feasibility and safety of an intensive (systolic blood pressure [SBP] <120 mm Hg) versus usual care (SBP <140 mm Hg) approach to SBP control in patients with renal cell or thyroid cancer initiating VEGFR (vascular endothelial growth factor)-tyrosine kinase inhibitors. METHODS: A phase II site-based cluster randomized controlled trial compared intensive SBP control to usual care, incorporating a centralized BP advisory core to…

Rank95.4
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

Two-year Follow-up for Oncological, Functional, and Quality-of-Life Outcomes in the Randomized ROBOCOP II Trial of Robot-assisted Versus Conventional Open Partial Nephrectomy.

European urology focus · 2026 · PMID 41760424

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) is increasingly used to treat renal cell carcinoma (RCC), but randomized data comparing long-term outcomes to those after open partial nephrectomy (OPN) remain limited. Our aim was to compare oncological, renal function, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) outcomes at 2 yr for patients who underwent RAPN versus OPN. METHODS: This single-center phase 2 randomized controlled trial included 50 patients with suspected localized RCC who were rand…

Rank92.0
Randomized controlled trial

Metastatic tropism of molecularly defined clear-cell renal cell carcinoma clusters.

The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026 · PMID 42138077

BACKGROUNDThe relationship between molecular subgroups in clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and metastatic tropism is poorly understood.METHODSWe analyzed over 5,000 metastatic sites from 305 treatment-naive ccRCC patients in the IMmotion150 phase II clinical trial, where patients were randomized to atezolizumab, atezolizumab/bevacizumab, or sunitinib.RESULTSAngiogenic tumors (clusters 1 and 2) had a higher rate of pancreatic (21% vs. 6.9%; P = 0.002) and lower absolute number of lymph node (2.5 vs. 4.2; P = …

Rank83.9
Phase II clinical trial

Adjuvant penpulimab in very-high risk clear cell renal cell carcinoma: a prospective, non-randomized, controlled phase II trial with integrated plasma multi-omics analyses.

Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026 · PMID 42431710

PURPOSE: Patients with very-high risk clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remain at substantial risk of recurrence after nephrectomy. However, heterogeneity in benefit from adjuvant immunotherapy observed in the KEYNOTE-564 trial, together with limited prospective data in this population, warrants further investigation. METHODS: This multicenter, prospective, non-randomized, controlled phase II trial enrolled patients with very-high risk ccRCC following nephrectomy. Patients received either adjuvant penpulimab …

Rank83.1
Phase II clinical trial

Ultra-hypofractionated stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy for primary renal cell carcinoma: 5-year outcomes from a pooled analysis of the FASTRACK trials.

The Lancet. Oncology · 2026 · PMID 42144019

BACKGROUND: Stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (SABR) is a non-invasive therapy for inoperable primary renal cell carcinoma. However, long-term prospective clinical trial data are scarce. We aimed to use pooled data from two clinical trials (FASTRACK and FASTRACK II) to evaluate activity and safety of SABR in the long term. METHODS: In this pooled analysis, we used data from FASTRACK, a single-institutional, phase 1, prospective clinical trial conducted at the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre (Melbourne, VIC, Aus…

Rank82.8
Phase II clinical trial

Cabozantinib in patients with non-locally pretreated brain metastases from renal cell carcinoma: Results of the multicenter phase II trial CABRAMET.

European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990) · 2026 · PMID 41946178

BACKGROUND: The phase II trial CABRAMET evaluates the efficacy of the VEGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) cabozantinib in patients with non-locally pretreated brain metastases (BM) from renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Faced with historical challenges in treating BM in RCC, this study aimed to provide prospective data on systemic treatment outcomes. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This multicenter open-label trial included RCC patients with BM with less than three prior systemic treatments excluding cabozantinib. Eligible patie…

Rank82.5
Phase II clinical trial

Pembrolizumab and Denosumab in Clear-Cell Renal-Cell Carcinoma.

Clinical genitourinary cancer · 2026 · PMID 42336709

BACKGROUND: Anti-PD1 immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are effective in clear-cell renal-cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Preliminary data suggest inhibition of Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-κB Ligand (RANKL) signaling may potentiate ICI efficacy. We evaluated the activity and safety of the RANKL-inhibitor denosumab with pembrolizumab in people with pretreated advanced ccRCC. METHODS: This single-arm, multi-center phase 2 trial enrolled participants with metastatic or unresectable ccRCC progressing on or after VEGFR…

Rank81.4
Phase II clinical trial

Metastasis-directed Therapy With or Without Pembrolizumab for Oligometastatic Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: Pooled Analysis of Two Prospective Single-arm Phase 2 Trials.

European urology · 2026 · PMID 42049596

Radiotherapy-based metastasis-directed therapy (MDT) has emerged as a treatment strategy for oligometastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). However, optimal integration of MDT with immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) is unclear, especially in light of the M1 no evidence of disease subgroup analysis of KEYNOTE-564. We undertook an exploratory cohort study of two previously reported trials evaluating either MDT+ICI (NCT02855203) or MDT (NCT03575611) for oligometastatic ccRCC. The objective was primarily to c…

Rank80.9
Phase II clinical trial

The Impact of Ultracentral Tumor Location on Outcomes in Patients with Pulmonary Oligometastases: A Secondary Analysis of the Single-Arm Phase 2 SABR-5 Trial.

International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics · 2026 · PMID 39923903

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: There are limited data on outcomes in patients with ultracentral pulmonary oligometastases treated with SABR. The purpose of this study was to determine whether ultracentral location was prognostic for toxicity and survival. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Oligometastatic lung lesions treated on the single-arm phase 2 SABR-5 trial were retrospectively stratified into 2 cohorts: ultracentral tumors (UC), defined as planning target volume overlap or direct tumor abutment to the proximal bronchial tree, esop…

Rank80.8
Phase II clinical trial

Long-term follow-up from the OMNIVORE trial: response-adaptive nivolumab and ipilimumab in advanced renal cell carcinoma.

Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026 · PMID 42386345

BACKGROUND: Immune checkpoint inhibitor-based combinations represent the standard of care for advanced renal cell carcinoma. The OMNIVORE trial investigated a response-adaptive strategy, including treatment discontinuation in early nivolumab responders (Arm A) and salvage ipilimumab addition in non-responders (Arm B). Here we report outcomes with extended follow-up. METHODS: OMNIVORE was a phase II response-adaptive trial in which patients received induction nivolumab monotherapy. Patients achieving a confirmed com…

Rank80.7
Phase II clinical trial

Long-term outcomes of stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy for primary kidney cancer (TROG 15.03 FASTRACK II): a multicentre, non-randomised, phase 2 study.

The Lancet. Oncology · 2026 · PMID 42144018

BACKGROUND: Stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (SABR) is an emerging, non-invasive alternative for primary renal cell carcinoma. We aimed to provide the final long-term trial outcomes of TransTasman Radiation Oncology Group (TROG) 15.03 FASTRACK II, the first phase 2 trial investigating SABR for primary renal cell carcinoma to our knowledge. METHODS: FASTRACK II was a non-randomised, phase 2 study conducted in eight hospitals in Australia and the Netherlands by TROG and the Australian and New Zealand Urogenita…

Rank80.2
Phase II clinical trial

Camrelizumab plus apatinib for immune checkpoint inhibitor-naive patients with metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma after first-line tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment failure: a single-arm phase 2 trial.

BMC medicine · 2026 · PMID 42026573

BACKGROUND: In the immunotherapy era, tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) monotherapy is still commonly used for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in clinical practice. Prospective evidence on immunotherapy plus tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) after first-line TKI treatment failure is scarce. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of camrelizumab plus apatinib in this setting. METHODS: In this single-arm, two-center phase 2 study, patients with metastatic clear cell RCC who had failed first-line…

Rank80.2
Phase II clinical trial

CALYPSO: Final Results of Savolitinib and Durvalumab Combination in Metastatic Papillary Renal Cancer.

Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2026 · PMID 41861260

PURPOSE: The CALYPSO study demonstrated activity of savolitinib and durvalumab in MET-driven papillary renal cancer (PRC). We report final efficacy outcomes and exploratory circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) biomarker analysis. METHODS: This single-arm phase II study evaluated savolitinib and durvalumab in treatment-naïve or pretreated PRC. End points included overall response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). FoundationOne CDx assessed DNA alterations and MET/PD-L1 or MET/tumor mut…

Rank80.0
Phase II clinical trial

Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Renal Tumors: A Prospective Phase 2 Clinical Trial.

International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics · 2026 · PMID 41290048

PURPOSE: Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) represents a novel, efficacious treatment for patients with kidney tumors who are medically inoperable or decline surgery. There is limited prospective data on the impact of kidney SBRT on renal function. METHODS AND MATERIALS: This was a prospective phase 2 single-arm clinical trial (clinicaltrials.gov NCT03747133) of kidney-directed SBRT in patients with primary or metastatic renal lesions who were medically inoperable or declined surgery. The primary outcome wa…

Rank80.0
Phase II clinical trial

Efficacy of Cabozantinib in Patients With Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma With Bone Metastasis Assessed by Modified MD Anderson Criteria: An Open-Label Phase 2 Study.

International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association · 2026 · PMID 42179010

OBJECTIVES: Cabozantinib treatment is associated with improved survival in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients with bone metastasis. We evaluated the direct effects of cabozantinib on bone metastasis in advanced RCC (aRCC). METHODS: In this multicenter, open-label study, adult Japanese aRCC patients with bone metastasis received oral cabozantinib 60 mg once daily until drug discontinuation/data cut-off. The primary endpoint was the objective response rate (ORR) of bone target lesions (modified MD Anderson criteria)…

Rank79.8
Phase II clinical trial

Stereotactic body radiotherapy plus sunitinib vs. sunitinib alone in treatment-naive oligometastatic renal cell carcinoma: A phase 2 clinical trial.

Cell reports. Medicine · 2026 · PMID 42013852

Comparative data on stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in oligometastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is lacking. This single-center, phase 2 non-randomized controlled trial enrolls patients with treatment-naive oligometastatic RCC. Patients choose to receive sunitinib alone (control arm, n = 24) or plus SBRT (SBRT arm, n = 24). The primary endpoint, objective response rate (83.3% vs. 29.2%; p < 0.001), is higher in the SBRT arm. With a median follow-up of 40.6 months, the 1-year local control rate is 91.5%. Prog…

Rank79.8
Phase II clinical trialResult signal: benefit

Pembrolizumab plus high-dose IL-2 in advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma: six-year survival outcomes and molecular signatures from a phase 2 trial.

Nature communications · 2026 · PMID 42185255

Prolonged or indefinite systemic therapy remains standard for advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), often resulting in cumulative toxicities and treatment burden. We conducted a single-arm phase 2 trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02964078) of a fixed-duration regimen of anti-PD1 pembrolizumab plus high-dose interleukin-2 in treatment-naive advanced ccRCC. Primary objectives of safety and response were previously reported. The study met its primary endpoint with an overall response rate exceeding…

Rank79.2
Phase II clinical trial

Safety and efficacy of fecal microbiota transplantation in solid cancers resistant to immune checkpoint inhibitors: results of the MITRIC trial.

Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026 · PMID 42476727

BACKGROUND: Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has shown promise in overcoming resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in early-phase cancer trials. We investigated the safety, feasibility and efficacy of FMT from ICI responders to patients with advanced cancers progressing on ICIs. METHODS: This was a single-arm phase IIa basket trial (MITRIC; NCT05286294) including patients with ICI-refractory cancer. Long-term ICI responders were used as FMT donors. Patients received FMTs in combination with ICIs; …

Rank79.1
Phase II clinical trial

Phase II Trial of Ixazomib Combined with Gemcitabine and Doxorubicin in Patients with SMARCB1-Deficient Renal Medullary Carcinoma.

Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2026 · PMID 42007903

PURPOSE: SMARCB1-deficient renal medullary carcinoma (RMC) is an aggressive kidney cancer lacking mechanism-directed therapies. We conducted a single-center, single-arm, phase II study (NCT03587662) testing the proteasome inhibitor ixazomib combined with gemcitabine and doxorubicin. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Ixazomib 5.5 mg, gemcitabine 756 mg/m2, and doxorubicin 42 mg/m2 were given every 2 weeks for up to 13 cycles, followed by ixazomib plus gemcitabine maintenance. Coprimary endpoints were objective response rate (OR…

Rank77.0
Phase II clinical trial

Evaluating the metabolic effects of neoadjuvant treatment in clear cell renal cell carcinoma using hyperpolarized [1-13 C]pyruvate MRI.

Abdominal radiology (New York) · 2026 · PMID 41369900

Despite recent therapeutic advances, renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has a high mortality rate. The development of new neoadjuvant strategies requires reliable companion biomarkers of early and successful response to treatment. A change in tumor size is a late measure of response and novel targeted imaging-based biomarkers may be more accurate for treatment response prediction. Here we evaluated the potential of hyperpolarized carbon-13 MRI (HP 13C-MRI), following the injection of hyperpolarized 13C-pyruvate, to assess …

Rank77.0
Phase II clinical trial

HPK1 inhibitor NDI-101150 as monotherapy and in combination with pembrolizumab in patients with advanced solid tumors: Phase 1/2 trial results.

Cell reports. Medicine · 2026 · PMID 42097144

Hematopoietic progenitor kinase 1 (HPK1) induces potent anti-tumor immunity in preclinical models by activating and recruiting T cells, B cells, and dendritic cells into the tumor microenvironment (TME). Here, we evaluate NDI-101150, a potent, selective HPK1 inhibitor, in a phase 1/2 trial as a monotherapy or in combination with pembrolizumab in patients with advanced solid tumors. The monotherapy maximum tolerated dose (MTD) is 150 mg once daily, and doses tested up to 100 mg once daily are combinable with pembrol…

Rank76.0
Multicenter clinical study

A deep learning-based multimodal model with automated body composition analysis predicts prognosis in advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Scientific reports · 2026 · PMID 41935094

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is an aggressive malignancy with a high risk of postoperative recurrence. Body composition has emerged as a prognostic marker, but its clinical use is hindered by manual measurement methods and poorly interpretable models. This study aimed to develop an automated, interpretable prediction model integrating deep learning-based body composition analysis to assess prognosis and explore underlying mechanisms in advanced ccRCC. This retrospective multicenter study included patient…

Rank68.0
Phase I clinical trial

Safety, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and antitumor activity of cergutuzumab amunaleukin: a phase I study in patients with advanced and/or metastatic solid tumors.

ESMO open · 2026 · PMID 42127887

BACKGROUND: Cergutuzumab amunaleukin (CA) is a novel immunocytokine comprising an interleukin-2 variant moiety with abolished CD25 (interleukin-2 receptor α) binding, fused to a bivalent anti-carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) monoclonal antibody. This first-in-human phase I study evaluated the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), safety, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and antitumor activity of CA. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Patients had CEA-positive advanced and/or metastatic solid tumors that had progressed on standard-of-c…

Prospective Cohort Studies60 records
Rank107.6
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Time-of-Day Immunotherapy Administration and Outcomes in Advanced Cancers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

JAMA network open · 2026 · PMID 42084869

IMPORTANCE: Circadian rhythms affect immunity, which could affect the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI). Whether the time of ICI administration is associated with clinical outcomes in advanced cancers remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between time of day of ICI administration and oncologic outcomes in patients with advanced solid tumors. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE (via PubMed), Embase, and Web of Science Core Collection were searched in February 2026 to identify eligible studies. S…

Rank106.0
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: harm

Dose-response association of dietary inflammatory potential with risk of cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.

European journal of cancer prevention : the official journal of the European Cancer Prevention Organisation (ECP) · 2026 · PMID 40536070

Observational studies indicated that the overall inflammatory potential of diets has been implicated in cancer etiology; however, the results were inconsistent. We aimed to estimate the dose-response association of dietary inflammatory potential with cancer outcomes based on prospective cohort studies. PubMed, Embase and Web of Science databases were searched up to 11 November 2023 for prospective cohort studies. The dietary inflammatory potential was assessed by the dietary inflammatory index (DII) or energy-adjus…

Rank102.7
Randomized controlled trial

A prospective external validation of the GRade, Age, Nodes and Tumor score in the ECOG-ACRIN EA8143 PROSPER trial.

The oncologist · 2026 · PMID 41693026

BACKGROUND: The GRade, Age, Nodes and Tumor (GRANT) score is one of the prognostic models recommended by international guidelines to refine recurrence risk stratification in patients with surgically treated renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and integrates age, tumor size, grade, and nodal status. In this study, we aimed to validate the GRANT score within the ECOG-ACRIN EA8143 PROSPER prospective trial. METHODS: We conducted a validation analysis of the GRANT score within the phase III randomized EA8143 PROSPER study of pe…

Rank96.6
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

Randomized, Prospective Evaluation of Hemostatic Agents in Robotic-Assisted Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy.

The Journal of urology · 2026 · PMID 41360001

PURPOSE: Hemostatic agents (HAs) are typically used during robotic-assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (RALPN) to minimize perioperative bleeding. However, high-quality evidence supporting their effectiveness is limited. We aimed to determine whether HAs reduce perioperative blood loss in patients undergoing RALPN. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a prospective, randomized controlled trial of patients undergoing RALPN. Patients were randomized to HA+, in which HAs were assigned, and HA-, no HA. The primary…

Rank96.2
Randomized controlled trial

Papillary renal cell carcinoma - exploratory results of the SUNNIFORECAST trial comparing Ipilimumab plus Nivolumab vs standard of care as first line therapy based on central pathological review.

European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990) · 2026 · PMID 42235464

BACKGROUND: Papillary renal cell cancer (pRCC) represents the largest subgroup within non-clear cell (ncc) RCC. Compared with clear cell RCC (ccRCC), pRCC is considered less sensitive to currently available systemic therapies. Here, we report exploratory results from the pRCC subgroup of the SUNNIFORECAST trial comparing ipilimumab/nivolumab with standard of care (SOC) based on central pathological review. METHODS AND PATIENTS: SUNNIFORECAST was a prospective, investigator-initiated, phase II trial evaluating ipili…

Rank95.3
Randomized controlled trial

[A comparative study on perioperative outcomes and learning curves of domestic robot-assisted versus Da Vinci Xi robot-assisted partial nephrectomy].

Zhonghua wai ke za zhi [Chinese journal of surgery] · 2026 · PMID 41881798

Objective: To compare perioperative outcomes of robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) performed with a China-made robotic surgical system versus the Da Vinci Xi system, and to evaluate the learning curve of the domestic system. Methods: This single-center, prospective, randomized controlled study enrolled patients scheduled for RAPN at Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital from August 2024 to May 2025 who met predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Using simple randomization, patients were assigned to …

Rank94.0
Systematic review or meta-analysisCorrection flagged

Vegetarian diets and cancer risk: pooled analysis of 1.8 million women and men in nine prospective studies on three continents.

British journal of cancer · 2026 · PMID 41748939

BACKGROUND: Vegetarian diets might influence cancer risk. METHODS: We studied 1,645,555 meat eaters, 57,016 poultry eaters, 42,910 pescatarians, 63,147 vegetarians and 8849 vegans in 9 cohorts (UK, US, Taiwan, India). After a median 16 years follow-up, incident cancers were: 4504 mouth and pharynx, 1308 oesophagus (squamous cell), 2105 oesophagus (adenocarcinoma), 3578 stomach, 30,528 colorectum, 2970 liver, 8030 pancreas, 3077 lung (never smokers), 61,368 breast, 11,220 endometrium, 8076 ovary, 45,946 prostate, 71…

Rank88.4
Randomized clinical study

Multimodal imaging to analyze the biomechanical properties of kidney tumors, evaluating feasibility, inter-modality correspondence, and diagnostic value (UroCCR-115).

PloS one · 2026 · PMID 42418537

INTRODUCTION: Assessment of renal tissue and renal tumor stiffness may provide complementary information for tissue characterization; however, conventional imaging modalities such as multiphasic computed tomography (CT) do not directly quantify biomechanical properties. Elastography techniques, including magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) and ultrasound elastography (US-E), allow noninvasive measurement of tissue stiffness but are not routinely available in standard clinical practice. This study protocol aims to…

Rank83.9
Phase II clinical trial

Adjuvant penpulimab in very-high risk clear cell renal cell carcinoma: a prospective, non-randomized, controlled phase II trial with integrated plasma multi-omics analyses.

Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026 · PMID 42431710

PURPOSE: Patients with very-high risk clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remain at substantial risk of recurrence after nephrectomy. However, heterogeneity in benefit from adjuvant immunotherapy observed in the KEYNOTE-564 trial, together with limited prospective data in this population, warrants further investigation. METHODS: This multicenter, prospective, non-randomized, controlled phase II trial enrolled patients with very-high risk ccRCC following nephrectomy. Patients received either adjuvant penpulimab …

Rank83.4
Phase II clinical trial

CD8 PET imaging with [89Zr]Zr-berdoxam-crefmirlimab in patients with solid tumors: the Phase II iCorrelate study.

Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026 · PMID 41895717

BACKGROUND: CD8 T cells mediate the effects of cancer immunotherapies. CD8 positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with [89Zr]Zr-berdoxam-crefmirlimab enables whole body CD8 cell assessment and has been shown to be safe in Phase I evaluation. The correlation between CD8 PET imaging parameters and the quantity of CD8 cells assessed by the gold standard of immunohistochemistry (IHC) is unknown. METHODS: The Phase II, prospective multicenter study (iCorrelate) tested the correlation between CD8 PET and CD8 cells by…

Rank83.1
Phase II clinical trial

Ultra-hypofractionated stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy for primary renal cell carcinoma: 5-year outcomes from a pooled analysis of the FASTRACK trials.

The Lancet. Oncology · 2026 · PMID 42144019

BACKGROUND: Stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (SABR) is a non-invasive therapy for inoperable primary renal cell carcinoma. However, long-term prospective clinical trial data are scarce. We aimed to use pooled data from two clinical trials (FASTRACK and FASTRACK II) to evaluate activity and safety of SABR in the long term. METHODS: In this pooled analysis, we used data from FASTRACK, a single-institutional, phase 1, prospective clinical trial conducted at the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre (Melbourne, VIC, Aus…

Rank82.8
Phase II clinical trial

Cabozantinib in patients with non-locally pretreated brain metastases from renal cell carcinoma: Results of the multicenter phase II trial CABRAMET.

European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990) · 2026 · PMID 41946178

BACKGROUND: The phase II trial CABRAMET evaluates the efficacy of the VEGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) cabozantinib in patients with non-locally pretreated brain metastases (BM) from renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Faced with historical challenges in treating BM in RCC, this study aimed to provide prospective data on systemic treatment outcomes. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This multicenter open-label trial included RCC patients with BM with less than three prior systemic treatments excluding cabozantinib. Eligible patie…

Rank81.4
Phase II clinical trial

Metastasis-directed Therapy With or Without Pembrolizumab for Oligometastatic Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: Pooled Analysis of Two Prospective Single-arm Phase 2 Trials.

European urology · 2026 · PMID 42049596

Radiotherapy-based metastasis-directed therapy (MDT) has emerged as a treatment strategy for oligometastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). However, optimal integration of MDT with immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) is unclear, especially in light of the M1 no evidence of disease subgroup analysis of KEYNOTE-564. We undertook an exploratory cohort study of two previously reported trials evaluating either MDT+ICI (NCT02855203) or MDT (NCT03575611) for oligometastatic ccRCC. The objective was primarily to c…

Rank80.9
Multicenter clinical study

Head-to-head comparison of TKI and CPI first-line treatment strategies in advanced renal cell carcinoma-Real-world data from the German research platform CARAT.

International journal of cancer · 2026 · PMID 41159297

The combination of two immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPI) or a CPI with a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) has expanded the therapeutic options for advanced/metastatic renal cell carcinoma (aRCC) beyond TKI monotherapy. In the absence of head-to-head randomized trials comparing these strategies, we estimate their real-world effectiveness by emulating a hypothetical randomized trial. A total of 936 patients with aRCC from the prospective, observational, multicenter clinical registry CARAT (NCT03374267) starting first…

Rank80.0
Phase II clinical trial

Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Renal Tumors: A Prospective Phase 2 Clinical Trial.

International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics · 2026 · PMID 41290048

PURPOSE: Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) represents a novel, efficacious treatment for patients with kidney tumors who are medically inoperable or decline surgery. There is limited prospective data on the impact of kidney SBRT on renal function. METHODS AND MATERIALS: This was a prospective phase 2 single-arm clinical trial (clinicaltrials.gov NCT03747133) of kidney-directed SBRT in patients with primary or metastatic renal lesions who were medically inoperable or declined surgery. The primary outcome wa…

Rank79.0
Phase II clinical trial

Four-Year Feasibility and Safety Results of a Phase 1/2 Single-Arm Prospective Clinical Trial of Stereotactic Magnetic Resonance-Guided Adaptive Radiation Therapy for Metachronous Oligometastatic Abdominopelvic Lymph Node and Soft Tissue Metastases.

International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics · 2026 · PMID 41529791

PURPOSE: Metachronous oligometastases may represent a favorable disease state for local therapy after prior curative treatment. Stereotactic Magnetic Resonance-Guided Adaptive Radiation Therapy (SMART) provides precise targeting of nodal and soft tissue metastases. The primary objective was to assess the feasibility and safety of SMART for abdominopelvic metachronous oligometastases. Secondary objectives included assessing rates of toxicities and evaluating local control (LC). METHODS AND MATERIALS: Ten patients we…

Rank77.9
Multicenter clinical study

A Minimum 3-Year Follow-Up of Nivolumab-Plus-Ipilimumab in Japanese Patients With Advanced or Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Final Analysis of the J-ENCORE Study.

International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association · 2026 · PMID 41841331

OBJECTIVES: The J-ENCORE study is a Japanese multicenter, prospective observational study involving patients with advanced or metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with nivolumab-plus-ipilimumab combination as first-line treatment. Interim 1- and 2-year reports demonstrated efficacy and safety comparable to those of the CheckMate 214 trial, with sustained effects after nivolumab-plus-ipilimumab discontinuation, and explored outcome-associated factors. This final analysis of a minimum 3-year observation summarized…

Rank77.0
Phase II clinical trial

Evaluating the metabolic effects of neoadjuvant treatment in clear cell renal cell carcinoma using hyperpolarized [1-13 C]pyruvate MRI.

Abdominal radiology (New York) · 2026 · PMID 41369900

Despite recent therapeutic advances, renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has a high mortality rate. The development of new neoadjuvant strategies requires reliable companion biomarkers of early and successful response to treatment. A change in tumor size is a late measure of response and novel targeted imaging-based biomarkers may be more accurate for treatment response prediction. Here we evaluated the potential of hyperpolarized carbon-13 MRI (HP 13C-MRI), following the injection of hyperpolarized 13C-pyruvate, to assess …

Rank75.2
Multicenter clinical study

[Healthcare Research in Renal Cell Cancer: 7-Year-Data from the VERSUS Study by d-uo].

Aktuelle Urologie · 2026 · PMID 41698400

INTRODUCTION: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for approximately 13.5% of all urological tumors. Healthcare research analyses whether treatment concepts developed in controlled clinical trials and recommended in clinical guidelines are implemented in routine care. This article presents healthcare research data on RCC based on current results from the prospective VERSUS study (VERSorgUngsStudie) by d-uo ("Deutsche Uro-Onkologen", German Uro-Oncologists). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The VERSUS study is a non-interventio…

Rank75.0
Prospective cohort study

Associations of Outdoor Air Pollution With Incidence of Cancers Other Than Lung Cancer in a Large US Prospective Cohort.

International journal of cancer · 2026 · PMID 42071337

Outdoor air pollution, including particulate matter (PM), is a Group 1 carcinogen based on evidence for lung cancer; however, evidence for other cancers is limited. Further research on cancer incidence rather than mortality endpoints is needed as well as examinations in non-smokers. In the Cancer Prevention Study-II Nutrition Cohort, annual predictions of particulate and gaseous pollutant concentrations were assigned to residential addresses. Extended Cox regression estimated hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence i…

Rank75.0
Prospective cohort study

Joint effects and dynamic trajectories of metabolic insulin resistance and systemic inflammation in the risk of renal cell carcinoma: a UK Biobank cohort analysis.

World journal of urology · 2026 · PMID 42207184

BACKGROUND: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a significant urological malignancy with a rising incidence, increasingly linked to metabolic dysregulation and chronic systemic inflammation. While traditional metrics such as body mass index (BMI) are commonly used, they may not fully capture the biological heterogeneity underlying carcinogenesis. This study investigated the associations of the Metabolic Score for Insulin Resistance (METS-IR) and the Systemic Inflammation Response Index (SIRI) with subsequent RCC risk, to…

Rank75.0
Multicenter clinical study

Post-Marketing Surveillance of the Safety and Effectiveness of Cabozantinib in Japanese Patients With Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma.

International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association · 2026 · PMID 42464667

OBJECTIVES: This post-marketing surveillance study evaluated the real-world safety and effectiveness of cabozantinib in Japanese patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC). METHODS: This prospective, observational study enrolled patients with histologically or cytologically confirmed aRCC across 102 sites in Japan. Patients received cabozantinib as monotherapy or in combination with nivolumab according to approved label regimens and were monitored for 26 weeks. The primary outcome was the incidence of adver…

Rank74.9
Prospective cohort studyResult signal: null

Association between physical activity patterns and renal cell carcinoma risk: evidence from the UK biobank large-scale prospective cohort.

Scientific reports · 2026 · PMID 41974929

While physical inactivity is an established risk factor for renal cell carcinoma (RCC), prospective evidence comparing the efficacy of distinct physical activity (PA) patterns—specifically the “weekend warrior” (WW) versus regularly distributed activity—remains limited. This study analyzed data from 89,000 participants in the UK Biobank cohort who had no prior diagnosis of RCC. PA data were collected using the Axivity AX3 wrist-worn accelerometer. Participants were categorized into three subgroups: the inactive sub…

Rank73.8
Multicenter clinical study

Results of the Childhood Cancer and Leukaemia Group's United Kingdom Relapsed Wilms Tumour Trial.

Pediatric blood & cancer · 2026 · PMID 41834439

BACKGROUND: The United Kingdom relapsed Wilms tumour (UKW-R) trial aimed to improve the historically low survival rates after relapse of Wilms tumour (WT) through a prospective national risk-stratified protocol. The trial also evaluated efficacy and toxicity of high-dose melphalan. METHODS: Patients with relapsed/refractory WT were allocated to one of three treatment groups based on time to relapse and initial therapy. Group A: Patients with Stage 1 non-anaplastic WT treated only with vincristine (VCR) or up to two…

Rank73.7
Multicenter clinical study

Active surveillance for renal masses up to 2 cm: long-term oncological outcomes from a prospective multi-institutional study.

World journal of urology · 2026 · PMID 42047824

PURPOSE: The widespread use of cross-sectional imaging has increased the incidental detection of small renal masses (SRMs). In this context, overtreatment represents a major concern, particularly for lesions < 2 cm. Most evidence derives from retrospective registries, whereas prospective data remain limited. METHODS: This multi-center, prospective, non-randomized clinical trial was conducted in five European centers between January 2015 and July 2021. Seventy-six patients aged > 50 years with asymptomatic, unilater…

Quality Of Life56 records
Rank110.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement

Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) clinical practice guideline on immunotherapy for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma, version 3.0.

Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026 · PMID 41871874

Immunotherapy has been a pillar of the renal cell carcinoma (RCC) treatment landscape for over three decades. Some of the earliest cancer immunotherapies available, such as interleukin 2 and interferon-alpha, have resulted in complete responses, but only in a small number of patients. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), however, have demonstrated improved response rates and prolonged survival for a greater number of patients, fully transforming the standard of care in first-line and subsequent-line settings. More …

Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: benefit

Non-systemic treatment of metastatic kidney cancer: systematic review and a case report.

Frontiers in oncology · 2025 · PMID 41458613

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To date, there is insufficient literature on the local treatment options for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Various options, such as metastasectomy, thermal ablation, and stereotactic body radiotherapy, have gained attention for their potential to improve survival and quality of life in selected patients' groups. This systematic review analyzes the effectiveness of these approaches and highlights their potential to improve survival outcomes. By analyzing survival outcomes, this r…

Rank99.5
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Patient-Reported Outcome Design and Analysis in Randomized Controlled Trials of Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review.

Clinical genitourinary cancer · 2026 · PMID 42468185

The clinical utility of patient-reported outcome (PRO) endpoints in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) trials depends on prespecification, clinically meaningful thresholds, and transparent analysis. We evaluated PRO design, analysis, and reporting in RCC randomized controlled trials using the independently developed PRO Endpoint Analysis Score (PROEAS), a 24-item framework based on SISAQOL recommendations. We searched Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science Core Collection, CENTRAL, CINAHL, and PsycINFO through December 31, 2025, …

Rank98.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis

What is the incidence and clinical significance of dry eye disease in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors? A systematic review and meta-analysis of ocular immune-related adverse events.

Acta ophthalmologica · 2026 · PMID 41800487

PURPOSE: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed cancer therapy but may cause immune-related adverse events (irAEs), including dry eye disease (DED). This study aimed to quantify the incidence of ICI-associated DED and to evaluate factors contributing to variability across studies. METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and was registered in the International Prospective Register o…

Rank96.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Exercise, nutrition, and psychological support for kidney cancer: a scoping review.

BJU international · 2026 · PMID 41549535

OBJECTIVES: To comprehensively review the available literature on prehabilitation and rehabilitation exercise, nutrition, and psychological support interventions for patients with kidney cancer (KC), to summarise the clinically relevant efficacy and cost-effectiveness of interventions, to expose key knowledge gaps, and to inform future investigations and initiatives. METHODS: This review was performed according to the per Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Extension for Scop…

Rank95.6
Randomized controlled trial

Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial of Intensive Systolic Blood Pressure Control in Patients With Renal Cell or Thyroid Cancer Receiving VEGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors: ECOG-ACRIN EAQ191.

Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2026 · PMID 42158981

BACKGROUND: The objective of this cluster randomized controlled trial was to determine the feasibility and safety of an intensive (systolic blood pressure [SBP] <120 mm Hg) versus usual care (SBP <140 mm Hg) approach to SBP control in patients with renal cell or thyroid cancer initiating VEGFR (vascular endothelial growth factor)-tyrosine kinase inhibitors. METHODS: A phase II site-based cluster randomized controlled trial compared intensive SBP control to usual care, incorporating a centralized BP advisory core to…

Rank95.4
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

Two-year Follow-up for Oncological, Functional, and Quality-of-Life Outcomes in the Randomized ROBOCOP II Trial of Robot-assisted Versus Conventional Open Partial Nephrectomy.

European urology focus · 2026 · PMID 41760424

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) is increasingly used to treat renal cell carcinoma (RCC), but randomized data comparing long-term outcomes to those after open partial nephrectomy (OPN) remain limited. Our aim was to compare oncological, renal function, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) outcomes at 2 yr for patients who underwent RAPN versus OPN. METHODS: This single-center phase 2 randomized controlled trial included 50 patients with suspected localized RCC who were rand…

Rank93.2
Randomized clinical studyResult signal: benefit

The ITALIC-RCC: A Randomized Trial on Clinical and Humoral Impact of Primary Tumor Ablation by Surgery or Radiotherapy in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Treated with Checkpoint Inhibitors.

European urology open science · 2026 · PMID 42433301

BACKGROUND: Immunotherapy-based combinations have improved overall survival (OS) in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), but recent evidence suggests a therapeutic plateau, underscoring the need for more personalized strategies. Many patients start systemic therapy with the primary kidney tumor still in situ, and the role of cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN) in the immunotherapy era remains uncertain after CARMENA and SURTIME trials. In parallel, stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) has emerged as a noninvasive op…

Rank91.7
Randomized clinical study

Real-World Data on the Use of Nivolumab Monotherapy in the Treatment of Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma After Prior Therapy: Final Results from the Non-Interventional NORA Study.

Cancers · 2026 · PMID 42449619

Background/Objectives: Nivolumab monotherapy is a standard of care in previously treated advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC) and was approved based on the results of the randomized clinical trial Checkmate-025. The non-interventional study (NIS) NORA collected data on the effectiveness and safety of nivolumab monotherapy in real-world clinical routine. Its final, long-term follow-up data are presented here. Methods: NORA was a prospective, multicentre NIS recruiting at 54 German sites, evaluating the effectiveness…

Rank90.2
Randomized clinical studyResult signal: benefit

PARTIAL: study protocol for a clinical and cost-effectiveness of complex PARTIAL vs radical nephrectomy for clinically localised renal cell carcinoma randomised trial.

Trials · 2026 · PMID 41863008

BACKGROUND: Localised renal cell carcinoma is treated with radical nephrectomy (RN) or partial nephrectomy (PN). Nephron-sparing PN increases preservation of renal function, reducing incidence of end stage renal failure and associated cardiovascular events. In patients with exophytic T1a (≤ 4 cm) tumours and normal contralateral kidney, PN is standard of care. In patients with T1b (> 4-7 cm) or endophytic T1a tumours and normal contralateral kidney, the benefits of PN over RN are less clear as there are increased s…

Rank88.6
Randomized clinical study

Geriatric prehabilitation prior to surgery for kidney tumors: Study protocol for Pre-KiT - A randomized controlled trial.

Journal of geriatric oncology · 2026 · PMID 41592385

INTRODUCTION: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) primarily affects older adults who often present with frailty, increasing their risk of surgical complications and delayed recovery. Prehabilitation, incorporating exercise, nutrition, and psychological support, may improve postoperative outcomes. However, no studies have investigated prehabilitation prior to surgery for RCC. The aim is to assess whether a one-month multimodal prehabilitation program including geriatric interventions improves recovery in patients with frailt…

Rank88.0
Randomized clinical study

Effectiveness of a personalised 6-month programme on physical frailty in older patients treated for bladder or kidney cancer - FRAGECO program - multicenter, controlled, randomized study protocol.

BMC geriatrics · 2026 · PMID 42286520

BACKGROUND: Older adults with bladder or kidney cancer are particularly vulnerable to functional decline and postoperative complications that can exacerbate frailty. Conventional care models focus mainly on surgery and postoperative recovery, with limited continuity of support, resulting in suboptimal long-term functional outcomes. The aim is to evaluate the effectiveness of a personalized 6-month care pathway on reducing physical frailty in older adults undergoing surgery for bladder or kidney cancer, compared wit…

Rank87.0
Randomized clinical study

International analysis of reimbursement rates and clinical benefit of genitourinary cancer drugs across Canada, France, England, Wales, Scotland, Spain, Italy, and Portugal.

International journal of cancer · 2026 · PMID 41653082

We analysed reimbursement differences for prostate (PC), renal cell (RCC), and urothelial (UC) cancers drugs in Canada, France, England, Wales, Scotland, Spain, Italy, and Portugal, assessing substantial clinical benefit (SCB) and pivotal trials characteristics. This is a retrospective analysis of PC, RCC, and UC drug-indication pairs (2005-2024). Approvals were identified via FDA and EMA. Reimbursement recommendations were reviewed. Primary endpoint was reimbursement rate by SCB, tumour type, and country. Trial ch…

Rank85.0
Randomized clinical study

Remote Exercise Program for Patients With Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Undergoing Immunotherapy: An EXIO Case Series Report.

Oncology (Williston Park, N.Y.) · 2026 · PMID 41701866

BACKGROUND: Patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), alone or in combination with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), often experience significant treatment-related adverse events, including fatigue, that can impair health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Structured exercise interventions may mitigate these symptoms, but data in mRCC are limited. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility and impact of a 12-week supervised remote exercise program on HRQOL, fa…

Rank85.0
Randomized clinical study

Intraindividual Perception of Open versus Robot-Assisted Partial Nephrectomy (PERCEPTION Trial): An Important Complementing Perspective to Randomized Controlled Trials.

Urologia internationalis · 2026 · PMID 40188818

UNLABELLED: <p>Introduction: Randomized controlled trials comparing patients' experience with open (OPN) vs. robot-assisted (RAPN) partial nephrectomy showed no clear advantages for RAPN. This contradicts our clinical impression, so we analyzed a cohort that underwent both approaches for bilateral renal tumors. The aim of our study was to compare their intraindividual perceptions of OPN and RAPN. METHODS: Scar assessment and evaluation of patient-reported outcome measures were conducted. The questionnaires were ret…

Rank85.0
Randomized clinical study

De-escalation of Treatment in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: Why? How? Who? When?

Clinical genitourinary cancer · 2026 · PMID 42435529

The therapeutic landscape of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) has evolved considerably with the introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and VEGFR-targeted therapies, leading to unprecedented improvements in survival. As durable responses and deep remissions become more frequent, the question of how to optimize treatment intensity has gained prominence. Therapeutic de-escalation, through reduced dose intensity, extended dosing intervals, treatment interruption, or integration of local therapies, ha…

Rank80.9
Multicenter clinical study

Head-to-head comparison of TKI and CPI first-line treatment strategies in advanced renal cell carcinoma-Real-world data from the German research platform CARAT.

International journal of cancer · 2026 · PMID 41159297

The combination of two immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPI) or a CPI with a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) has expanded the therapeutic options for advanced/metastatic renal cell carcinoma (aRCC) beyond TKI monotherapy. In the absence of head-to-head randomized trials comparing these strategies, we estimate their real-world effectiveness by emulating a hypothetical randomized trial. A total of 936 patients with aRCC from the prospective, observational, multicenter clinical registry CARAT (NCT03374267) starting first…

Rank80.0
Phase II clinical trial

Efficacy of Cabozantinib in Patients With Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma With Bone Metastasis Assessed by Modified MD Anderson Criteria: An Open-Label Phase 2 Study.

International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association · 2026 · PMID 42179010

OBJECTIVES: Cabozantinib treatment is associated with improved survival in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients with bone metastasis. We evaluated the direct effects of cabozantinib on bone metastasis in advanced RCC (aRCC). METHODS: In this multicenter, open-label study, adult Japanese aRCC patients with bone metastasis received oral cabozantinib 60 mg once daily until drug discontinuation/data cut-off. The primary endpoint was the objective response rate (ORR) of bone target lesions (modified MD Anderson criteria)…

Rank79.8
Phase II clinical trial

Stereotactic body radiotherapy plus sunitinib vs. sunitinib alone in treatment-naive oligometastatic renal cell carcinoma: A phase 2 clinical trial.

Cell reports. Medicine · 2026 · PMID 42013852

Comparative data on stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in oligometastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is lacking. This single-center, phase 2 non-randomized controlled trial enrolls patients with treatment-naive oligometastatic RCC. Patients choose to receive sunitinib alone (control arm, n = 24) or plus SBRT (SBRT arm, n = 24). The primary endpoint, objective response rate (83.3% vs. 29.2%; p < 0.001), is higher in the SBRT arm. With a median follow-up of 40.6 months, the 1-year local control rate is 91.5%. Prog…

Rank68.2
Observational or cohort study

The effectiveness of telemonitoring, either self-administered or professionally assisted, in cancer care management: a descriptive, retrospective, observational cohort study.

Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026 · PMID 41540183

PURPOSE: Remote patient monitoring of symptoms is now recommended by International oncology guidelines. In France, knowledge of real-world outcomes using telemonitoring is limited. This real-world French study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a telemonitoring solution in patients receiving cancer care. METHODS: The Continuum + Connect solution enables the sending of questionnaires and messages to the oncology team. All patients using the solution between October 1, 2021, and June 30, 2023, were eligible. Pati…

Rank67.4
Phase I clinical trial

Fecal microbiota transplantation plus immunotherapy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma: the phase 1 PERFORM trial.

Nature medicine · 2026 · PMID 41606120

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) improve outcomes in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) but are hindered by immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Modulation of the gut microbiome may enhance efficacy and mitigate toxicity, yet the safety and mechanisms of healthy donor fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in mRCC remain unexplored. In this phase 1 trial, 20 treatment-naive patients with mRCC received encapsulated healthy donor FMT (LND101) combined with ipilimumab/nivolumab (n = 16), pembrolizumab/axitini…

Rank64.4
Observational or cohort study

A retrospective study to understand the journey and health status of patients with unexplained or refractory chronic cough in the Netherlands.

Chronic respiratory disease · 2026 · PMID 42175528

IntroductionThis study aims to characterize the patient journey for refractory chronic cough (RCC) or unexplained chronic cough (UCC) before visiting the Isala Chronic Cough Clinic (ICCC) in the Netherlands.MethodData from 152 patients with RCC or UCC was collected between January 2017 and September 2021from General Practitioner (GP) and hospital charts, the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire, and a patient survey about the care pathway and cough impact on everyday life, based on a single-centre, observational, retrospective s…

Rank55.0
Other PubMed-indexed publication

Assessing the Impact on Health and Productivity Outcomes of Anti-PD-(L)1 Agents to Treat Early-Stage Cancers in Italy.

Clinical drug investigation · 2026 · PMID 42250196

BACKGROUND: Anti-programmed cell death-(ligand) 1 (anti-PD-[L]1) agents are approved for advanced and early-stage cancers. While they may offer clinical and economic benefits in the neoadjuvant and/or adjuvant setting, their population-level impact in Italy has not been thoroughly evaluated. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to estimate health and productivity outcomes of introducing anti‑PD‑(L)1 agents for neoadjuvant and/or adjuvant therapy in early‑stage cancers in Italy (melanoma Stage IIB/C, melanoma Stage III, renal…

Rank49.9
Other PubMed-indexed publication

Health-related Quality of Life in Localized and Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: Insights from Patient-reported Outcome Measures.

European urology open science · 2026 · PMID 41624459

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are increasingly being used to evaluate health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in cancer care. We investigated the effects of treatment for both localized (M0) and metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) on generic and cancer-specific HRQoL up to 15 wk after diagnosis. METHODS: Patients were selected from the National PROspective infrastructure for renal cell carcinoma (PRO-RCC), including M0 and mRCC patients who participated in the HRQoL assessmen…

Rank49.2
Other PubMed-indexed publication

RFC1 Repeat Expansion in Chronic Cough: Findings From the Korean Chronic Cough Registry.

Allergy, asthma & immunology research · 2026 · PMID 41592538

PURPOSE: Biallelic repeat expansions in the Replication Factor C Subunit 1 (RFC1) gene are associated with cerebellar ataxia, neuropathy, and vestibular areflexia syndrome (CANVAS). Recent studies have shown that chronic cough often precedes neurological symptoms in CANVAS by 10-20 years, suggesting a potential link between RFC1 repeat expansion and chronic cough. However, the prevalence and clinical relevance of RFC1 expansions in chronic cough, particularly in non-Caucasian populations, remain unknown. METHODS: W…

Randomized Controlled Trials61 records
Rank109.1
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma: a risk-stratified systematic review and meta-analysis.

Frontiers in immunology · 2026 · PMID 42220544

BACKGROUND: This systematic review and meta-analysis consolidates findings from recent randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the efficacy of first-line immune checkpoint inhibitor plus tyrosine kinase inhibitor (ICI-TKI) combination therapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). We also explored prognostic biomarkers and clinical factors to inform treatment strategies. METHODS: We conducted a systematic search of PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and major conference proceedings for RCTs p…

Rank107.6
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Efficacy and safety of immunotherapy-based combination therapy as first-line treatment for advanced renal cell carcinoma: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2026 · PMID 42484760

To update a network meta-analysis of first-line immunotherapy combinations in advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) using short-term data for primary analysis and long-term plus newly published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for subgroup analyses. We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Chinese databases for articles from inception to 22 December 2024, performing a Bayesian network meta-analysis. Overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rates (ORR), and…

Rank107.6
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Time-of-Day Immunotherapy Administration and Outcomes in Advanced Cancers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

JAMA network open · 2026 · PMID 42084869

IMPORTANCE: Circadian rhythms affect immunity, which could affect the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI). Whether the time of ICI administration is associated with clinical outcomes in advanced cancers remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between time of day of ICI administration and oncologic outcomes in patients with advanced solid tumors. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE (via PubMed), Embase, and Web of Science Core Collection were searched in February 2026 to identify eligible studies. S…

Rank107.2
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Robot-Assisted versus Laparoscopic Radical Nephrectomy for High-Complexity Renal Tumors: A Multidisciplinary Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

La Clinica terapeutica · 2026 · PMID 42340793

BACKGROUND: Radical nephrectomy for high-complexity renal tumors, stage T2-T4, size ≥7 cm, and/or inferior vena cava (IVC) involvement, represents one of the most technically demanding procedures in urologic oncology. Robot-assisted radical nephrectomy (RARN) has expanded rapidly in adoption, yet its comparative benefit over laparoscopic radical nephrectomy (LRN) in the high-complexity subpopulation remains undefined. No systematic review has restricted analysis to T2-T4 disease or applied a multidisciplinary outco…

Rank107.2
Systematic review or meta-analysis

A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Oncological Outcomes of Treated and Untreated Complex Cystic Renal Masses.

European urology focus · 2026 · PMID 41309407

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Complex cystic renal masses, classified using the Bosniak system, pose diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to their variable malignant potential. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess oncological outcomes in patients with cystic renal masses managed with active surveillance (AS) or active treatment (AT), and to report transitions from AS to AT. METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library up to October 2024, followi…

Rank106.8
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: null

Emerging robotic platforms in partial nephrectomy: a comparative systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Journal of robotic surgery · 2026 · PMID 42162309

Robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) is the preferred minimally invasive nephron-sparing technique, with outcomes comparable to open and laparoscopic surgery. While most evidence derives from the da Vinci system, newer robotic platforms such as Hugo, Hinotori, KangDuo and MP1000 are emerging. This systematic review and network meta-analysis evaluated perioperative outcomes across available RAPN platforms. A systematic search of PubMed, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and Scopus identified studies reporting RAPN ou…

Rank106.8
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: null

Single-port versus multi-port robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy in perioperative, oncological, and renal function outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Journal of robotic surgery · 2026 · PMID 41925796

As a novel surgical method for partial nephrectomy (PN), single-port robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (SP-RAPN) is becoming widely used. The efficacy and safety outcomes comparison between SP-RAPN and traditional multi-port RAPN (MP-RAPN) is still unclear. Hence, this study aims to compare the perioperative, oncological, and renal function outcomes between SP-RAPN and MP-RAPN based on updated evidence. A literature search was performed online in Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials…

Rank106.7
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: benefit

First-Line Anti-PD-1 Immunotherapy With Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Meta-Analysis by PD-1 Subtype.

Urology practice · 2026 · PMID 41439745

INTRODUCTION: Immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting programmed death-1 (PD-1) in combination with tyrosine kinase inhibitors have reshaped the first-line treatment landscape of advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, the relative efficacy and safety of different PD-1-based regimens remain unclear. This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of first-line anti-PD-1-based combinations with tyrosine kinase inhibitors compared with sunitinib in metastatic RCC and to explore whether clinical outco…

Rank106.6
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Selective P2X3 versus dual P2X2/3 receptor antagonists in refractory chronic cough: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Purinergic signalling · 2026 · PMID 42319606

Extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-mediated purinergic signalling via P2X3 and heteromeric P2X2/3 ion channel receptors underlies hypersensitisation of vagal airway afferents in refractory chronic cough (RCC), making this pathway a key therapeutic target. Two pharmacological strategies have emerged: dual P2X2/3 receptor antagonism and selective P2X3 inhibition. While dual antagonists (gefapixant) demonstrate robust antitussive efficacy, their clinical use is limited by taste disturbance resulting from P2X2/…

Rank105.7
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Immune checkpoint inhibitors and other immunotherapies in the treatment of spinal column tumors: A systematic review and Meta-analysis of efficacy, and safety.

European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026 · PMID 40835773

PURPOSE: Spinal metastases affect up to 70% of systemic cancer patients, with overall survival averaging less than six months. Traditional chemotherapeutic agents have unsatisfactory results, leading to immunotherapy (IT) investigations. There is no clear consensus on the benefits and risks of IT for spinal tumors. This study assesses the current literature to determine IT safety and survival efficacy for tumors involving spinal column. METHODS: Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search was conducted across …

Rank105.4
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: benefit

Long-Term Survival Outcomes of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-based Combination Therapies in Favorable-Risk Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: An Updated Pairwise and Network Meta-Analysis.

Clinical genitourinary cancer · 2026 · PMID 42350220

Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based combination therapies have transformed the management of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). However, their benefit in International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium (IMDC) favorable-risk disease remains uncertain, raising concerns about potential overtreatment. We conducted a meta-analysis incorporating extended follow-up survival data to evaluate the long-term benefits of ICI-based combinations in this subgroup. PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the…

Rank105.2
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: null

Transperitoneal versus retroperitoneal single-port robot-assisted partial nephrectomy: systematic review and meta-analysis of perioperative and functional outcomes.

Journal of robotic surgery · 2026 · PMID 42474829

To systematically compare the safety and efficacy of the transperitoneal (TP) and retroperitoneal (RP) approaches in single-port robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (SP-RAPN). PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase were searched for comparative studies published before October 2025. The primary evaluated outcomes were grouped as Perioperative Outcomes (operative time, blood loss, ischemia time, positive surgical margin, postoperative eGFR, and hospital stay) and Surgical Safety (complication rate). Study inclusion and e…

Rank100.1
Randomized controlled trial

Nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus sunitinib for first-line treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma: final analysis of efficacy and safety from the phase III CheckMate 214 trial.

Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology · 2026 · PMID 41786248

BACKGROUND: Nivolumab plus ipilimumab (NIVO + IPI) demonstrated significant long-term survival and response benefits in patients with previously untreated advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC) in the phase III CheckMate 214 trial (NCT02231749). We report final efficacy and safety results with 9.3 years median follow-up. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients (N = 1096) were randomized to NIVO 3 mg/kg plus IPI 1 mg/kg every 3 weeks × four doses, followed by NIVO (3 mg/kg or 240 mg every 2 weeks or 480 mg every 4 weeks); or s…

Rank100.0
Randomized controlled trial

Long-Term Performance of Prognostic Models for Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma in the Era of Improved Survival With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.

JCO oncology practice · 2026 · PMID 40658913

PURPOSE: In the era of prolonged survival for advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC) with standard-of-care first-line therapy now including immune checkpoint inhibitor, re-evaluation of the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) and International Metastatic RCC Database Consortium (IMDC) prognostic models is overdue. METHODS: Data from 1,052 patients with aRCC treated on the CheckMate-214 phase III randomized trial with first-line nivolumab + ipilimumab or sunitinib were analyzed after minimum 5 years of foll…

Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis

One-stop shopping for recovery? A systematic review of the evidence on U.S. recovery community centers.

Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2025 · PMID 40447107

BACKGROUND: Increased recognition of the need for community-based substance use disorder (SUD) recovery support services (RSS) to complement and extend clinical care efforts has led to growth in a variety of RSS including recovery community centers (RCCs). Given increased national focus on expanding RCC research, this systematic review examined published research on RCCs. METHOD: We searched five publicly available empirical databases to retrieve existing studies on the effects of RCC participation through May 2024…

Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Significance of Diabetes on Kidney Cancer Outcomes and the Role of Metformin.

Clinical genitourinary cancer · 2026 · PMID 41856872

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The effect of diabetes and metformin on renal cell carcinoma (RCC) outcomes has not been well established. METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to investigate the influence of diabetes on various outcome measures in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). We have also investigated the effect of metformin as a potential strategy to improve prognosis. A computerized systematic search of Medline, Embase, ProQuest, PubMed, and Google Scholar for literature was performed between i…

Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Performance of percutaneous core biopsy in predicting renal tumour pathology: a systematic review.

BJU international · 2026 · PMID 41269070

OBJECTIVES: To systematically assess the diagnostic accuracy of renal tumour core biopsy for detecting malignancy in adults with localised renal masses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A search of the Cochrane, Embase and Medline databases and the grey literature published up to September 2024 was performed using pre-published methods. Eligible studies were published in English, reported all true- and false-positive and -negative results for localised renal tumour core biopsies in unique adult cohorts, and used surgical his…

Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: benefit

Redefining standards: a comprehensive systematic review of practice changing advances in GU oncology from ASCO and ESMO 2025.

Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026 · PMID 41993992

BACKGROUND: The year 2025 has been a transformative moment in GU oncology, with paradigm-shifting clinical trial results presented at major conferences and rapidly published. These developments are recasting therapeutic standards across bladder, kidney, prostate, penile, and testicular cancers through novel mechanisms and refined personalization. OBJECTIVES: This systematic review aimed to identify, synthesize, and critically evaluate pivotal phase II and III randomized controlled trials presented at ASCO/ESMO 2025…

Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Radiofrequency Ablation (EUS-RFA): Are We Getting Evidence-Based Results? A Systematic Review According to the Levels of Evidence.

Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026 · PMID 42512924

Background and Objectives: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation (EUS-RFA) is an emerging minimally invasive therapeutic option for pancreatic and selected extra-pancreatic lesions. However, its clinical adoption is limited by heterogeneous indications, non-standardized techniques, and variable quality of evidence. This systematic review assessed the published literature on EUS-RFA and classified available evidence according to the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine levels of evidence. Materia…

Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Impact of 3D-Assisted Preoperative Planning on Surgical and Functional Outcomes of Partial Nephrectomy in Adults: A Systematic Review.

Archivos espanoles de urologia · 2026 · PMID 42438868

BACKGROUND: Three-dimensional (3D) imaging is used for preoperative planning of partial-nephrectomy, enhancing visualisation of tumour anatomy, vascular structures, and their spatial relationships. This systematic review evaluated the impact of 3D-assisted planning on surgical, perioperative, and functional outcomes in adults undergoing partial-nephrectomy. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Eligible studies included adults with clinically localised T1-T2 renal tumours u…

Rank97.9
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: harm

Adjuvant Pembrolizumab plus Belzutifan for Renal-Cell Carcinoma.

The New England journal of medicine · 2026 · PMID 42384869

BACKGROUND: Adjuvant pembrolizumab improves disease-free and overall survival among patients with resected clear-cell renal-cell carcinoma. The hypoxia-inducible factor 2α inhibitor belzutifan has activity in advanced disease. Adjuvant pembrolizumab with belzutifan may further improve outcomes in patients with clear-cell renal-cell carcinoma at increased risk for recurrence. METHODS: In this phase 3, double-blind trial, we randomly assigned participants in a 1:1 ratio to receive intravenous pembrolizumab at a dose …

Rank96.9
Randomized controlled trial

Bayesian Analysis to Refine East Asian Subgroup Estimates in the CLEAR Trial (Lenvatinib Plus Pembrolizumab vs. Sunitinib) for Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Anticancer research · 2026 · PMID 42373289

BACKGROUND/AIM: This study aimed to refine estimates of lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab (Len/Pembro) efficacy in East Asian patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC) in the CLEAR trial using Bayesian borrowing from Western Europe and North America (WENA), and to assess safety while preserving region-specific toxicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Published hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in WENA and East Asian subgroups were reana…

Rank96.6
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

Randomized, Prospective Evaluation of Hemostatic Agents in Robotic-Assisted Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy.

The Journal of urology · 2026 · PMID 41360001

PURPOSE: Hemostatic agents (HAs) are typically used during robotic-assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (RALPN) to minimize perioperative bleeding. However, high-quality evidence supporting their effectiveness is limited. We aimed to determine whether HAs reduce perioperative blood loss in patients undergoing RALPN. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a prospective, randomized controlled trial of patients undergoing RALPN. Patients were randomized to HA+, in which HAs were assigned, and HA-, no HA. The primary…

Rank96.2
Randomized controlled trial

Papillary renal cell carcinoma - exploratory results of the SUNNIFORECAST trial comparing Ipilimumab plus Nivolumab vs standard of care as first line therapy based on central pathological review.

European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990) · 2026 · PMID 42235464

BACKGROUND: Papillary renal cell cancer (pRCC) represents the largest subgroup within non-clear cell (ncc) RCC. Compared with clear cell RCC (ccRCC), pRCC is considered less sensitive to currently available systemic therapies. Here, we report exploratory results from the pRCC subgroup of the SUNNIFORECAST trial comparing ipilimumab/nivolumab with standard of care (SOC) based on central pathological review. METHODS AND PATIENTS: SUNNIFORECAST was a prospective, investigator-initiated, phase II trial evaluating ipili…

Rank96.2
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: harm

Adjuvant Pembrolizumab Versus Placebo for Renal Cell Carcinoma in the East Asian Subgroup of the Phase 3 KEYNOTE-564 Study.

Cancer research and treatment · 2026 · PMID 40575946

PURPOSE: Adjuvant pembrolizumab improved disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) versus placebo in participants with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) at increased risk of recurrence after nephrectomy in the global phase 3 KEYNOTE-564 study. This post hoc subgroup analysis evaluated the efficacy and safety of adjuvant pembrolizumab in East Asian (Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan) participants enrolled in KEYNOTE-564. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eligible participants were randomly assigned 1:1 to receive adjuvant pe…

Safety And Adverse Effects68 records
Rank111.1
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Real-World Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review.

Targeted oncology · 2026 · PMID 42218357

BACKGROUND: Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based regimens are the standard first-line therapy for advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, their comparative effectiveness and safety in routine clinical practice remain incompletely characterised. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to systematically synthesise comparative real-world evidence on the efficacy and safety of ICI-based regimens in patients with advanced RCC. METHODS: A systematic search of MEDLINE, Embase, and Scopus was conducted from database …

Rank107.6
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Efficacy and safety of immunotherapy-based combination therapy as first-line treatment for advanced renal cell carcinoma: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2026 · PMID 42484760

To update a network meta-analysis of first-line immunotherapy combinations in advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) using short-term data for primary analysis and long-term plus newly published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for subgroup analyses. We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Chinese databases for articles from inception to 22 December 2024, performing a Bayesian network meta-analysis. Overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rates (ORR), and…

Rank105.2
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: null

Transperitoneal versus retroperitoneal single-port robot-assisted partial nephrectomy: systematic review and meta-analysis of perioperative and functional outcomes.

Journal of robotic surgery · 2026 · PMID 42474829

To systematically compare the safety and efficacy of the transperitoneal (TP) and retroperitoneal (RP) approaches in single-port robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (SP-RAPN). PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase were searched for comparative studies published before October 2025. The primary evaluated outcomes were grouped as Perioperative Outcomes (operative time, blood loss, ischemia time, positive surgical margin, postoperative eGFR, and hospital stay) and Surgical Safety (complication rate). Study inclusion and e…

Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Radiofrequency Ablation (EUS-RFA): Are We Getting Evidence-Based Results? A Systematic Review According to the Levels of Evidence.

Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026 · PMID 42512924

Background and Objectives: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation (EUS-RFA) is an emerging minimally invasive therapeutic option for pancreatic and selected extra-pancreatic lesions. However, its clinical adoption is limited by heterogeneous indications, non-standardized techniques, and variable quality of evidence. This systematic review assessed the published literature on EUS-RFA and classified available evidence according to the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine levels of evidence. Materia…

Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Oncologic and Functional Outcomes of Active Surveillance and Ablative Therapy for Small Renal Masses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Journal of vascular and interventional radiology : JVIR · 2026 · PMID 41679379

PURPOSE: To compare the oncologic and renal functional outcomes of active surveillance (AS) and ablative therapy (AT) in patients with small renal masses (SRMs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic search of PubMed, Cochrane, and Web of Science identified 78 studies: 9 on AS, 68 on AT, and 1 comparative study. Outcomes included overall survival (OS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), development of metastasis, posttreatment chronic kidney disease (CKD), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Subgroup analys…

Rank96.2
Randomized controlled trial

Papillary renal cell carcinoma - exploratory results of the SUNNIFORECAST trial comparing Ipilimumab plus Nivolumab vs standard of care as first line therapy based on central pathological review.

European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990) · 2026 · PMID 42235464

BACKGROUND: Papillary renal cell cancer (pRCC) represents the largest subgroup within non-clear cell (ncc) RCC. Compared with clear cell RCC (ccRCC), pRCC is considered less sensitive to currently available systemic therapies. Here, we report exploratory results from the pRCC subgroup of the SUNNIFORECAST trial comparing ipilimumab/nivolumab with standard of care (SOC) based on central pathological review. METHODS AND PATIENTS: SUNNIFORECAST was a prospective, investigator-initiated, phase II trial evaluating ipili…

Rank96.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis

Systematic Review and Meta-analysis on Renal Tumor Biopsy: Accuracy, Safety, and Impact on Clinical Decision-making.

European urology · 2026 · PMID 42498608

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy, safety, and clinical impact of renal tumor biopsy (RTB) in managing renal cell carcinoma. METHODS: MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane CENTRAL were systematically searched for studies evaluating diagnostic accuracy, complications, and clinical impact of RTB. Diagnostic performance was synthesized using hierarchical bivariate random-effects models; concordance between biopsy and surgical specimens was assesse…

Rank95.4
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

Two-year Follow-up for Oncological, Functional, and Quality-of-Life Outcomes in the Randomized ROBOCOP II Trial of Robot-assisted Versus Conventional Open Partial Nephrectomy.

European urology focus · 2026 · PMID 41760424

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) is increasingly used to treat renal cell carcinoma (RCC), but randomized data comparing long-term outcomes to those after open partial nephrectomy (OPN) remain limited. Our aim was to compare oncological, renal function, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) outcomes at 2 yr for patients who underwent RAPN versus OPN. METHODS: This single-center phase 2 randomized controlled trial included 50 patients with suspected localized RCC who were rand…

Rank93.2
Randomized clinical studyResult signal: benefit

The ITALIC-RCC: A Randomized Trial on Clinical and Humoral Impact of Primary Tumor Ablation by Surgery or Radiotherapy in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Treated with Checkpoint Inhibitors.

European urology open science · 2026 · PMID 42433301

BACKGROUND: Immunotherapy-based combinations have improved overall survival (OS) in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), but recent evidence suggests a therapeutic plateau, underscoring the need for more personalized strategies. Many patients start systemic therapy with the primary kidney tumor still in situ, and the role of cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN) in the immunotherapy era remains uncertain after CARMENA and SURTIME trials. In parallel, stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) has emerged as a noninvasive op…

Rank91.0
Randomized clinical studyResult signal: null

Phase II Randomized Trial of Radium-223 Dichloride and Cabozantinib in Patients With Renal Cell Carcinoma With Bone Metastases: RADICAL (Alliance A031801).

Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2026 · PMID 42507969

PURPOSE: Bone metastases (BM) occur in approximately 30% of patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) and are associated with poor survival and symptomatic skeletal events (SSEs). Radium-223, an alpha-emitting bone-seeking radioisotope, and cabozantinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, have demonstrated activity in BM. RADICAL (Alliance A031801; ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04071223) evaluated cabozantinib ± radium-223 in mRCC with BM. METHODS: This phase II trial enrolled patients with mRCC of any his…

Rank83.9
Phase II clinical trial

Adjuvant penpulimab in very-high risk clear cell renal cell carcinoma: a prospective, non-randomized, controlled phase II trial with integrated plasma multi-omics analyses.

Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026 · PMID 42431710

PURPOSE: Patients with very-high risk clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remain at substantial risk of recurrence after nephrectomy. However, heterogeneity in benefit from adjuvant immunotherapy observed in the KEYNOTE-564 trial, together with limited prospective data in this population, warrants further investigation. METHODS: This multicenter, prospective, non-randomized, controlled phase II trial enrolled patients with very-high risk ccRCC following nephrectomy. Patients received either adjuvant penpulimab …

Rank82.5
Phase II clinical trial

Pembrolizumab and Denosumab in Clear-Cell Renal-Cell Carcinoma.

Clinical genitourinary cancer · 2026 · PMID 42336709

BACKGROUND: Anti-PD1 immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are effective in clear-cell renal-cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Preliminary data suggest inhibition of Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-κB Ligand (RANKL) signaling may potentiate ICI efficacy. We evaluated the activity and safety of the RANKL-inhibitor denosumab with pembrolizumab in people with pretreated advanced ccRCC. METHODS: This single-arm, multi-center phase 2 trial enrolled participants with metastatic or unresectable ccRCC progressing on or after VEGFR…

Rank79.2
Phase II clinical trial

Safety and efficacy of fecal microbiota transplantation in solid cancers resistant to immune checkpoint inhibitors: results of the MITRIC trial.

Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026 · PMID 42476727

BACKGROUND: Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has shown promise in overcoming resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in early-phase cancer trials. We investigated the safety, feasibility and efficacy of FMT from ICI responders to patients with advanced cancers progressing on ICIs. METHODS: This was a single-arm phase IIa basket trial (MITRIC; NCT05286294) including patients with ICI-refractory cancer. Long-term ICI responders were used as FMT donors. Patients received FMTs in combination with ICIs; …

Rank78.9
Multicenter clinical study

sPaRT2-Minimally Invasive Partial vs Radical Nephrectomy for cT2 Renal Cell Carcinoma: A National Matched-Pair Analysis (UroCCR 235).

The Journal of urology · 2026 · PMID 41962052

PURPOSE: Radical nephrectomy (RN) remains the standard treatment for cT2 renal cell carcinoma (RCC), but partial nephrectomy has emerged as a viable alternative with the development of robot-assisted approaches. However, robust comparative data between robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) and RN for large renal tumors remain limited. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a multicenter retrospective study using prospectively collected data from the UroCCR network (NCT03293563). Patients undergoing RAPN or minimal…

Rank77.4
Multicenter clinical study

Pembrolizumab Plus Lenvatinib in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: Real-world Prognostic Factors.

Anticancer research · 2026 · PMID 42527074

BACKGROUND/AIM: Pembrolizumab plus lenvatinib is first-line treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) with favorable outcomes. However, clinicopathological factors associated with treatment outcomes are unclear. We evaluated the effectiveness and safety of pembrolizumab plus lenvatinib, and explored factors associated with progression-free survival (PFS) in a Japanese multicenter cohort. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 160 patients with mRCC who received first-line pembrolizumab plus le…

Rank76.6
Multicenter clinical study

Efficacy and safety of cabozantinib plus nivolumab in advanced non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma: a nationwide multicenter study.

Oncoimmunology · 2026 · PMID 42366526

Non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma (nccRCC) represents a biologically heterogeneous group of tumors for which optimal systemic treatment strategies remain poorly defined despite recent therapeutic advances. To address this gap, we evaluated the clinical activity and safety of cabozantinib plus nivolumab in patients with advanced nccRCC. In this nationwide, multicenter retrospective cohort study conducted in the Republic of Korea, 62 patients received the combination across multiple lines of therapy, with most trea…

Rank75.0
Prospective cohort study

Associations of Outdoor Air Pollution With Incidence of Cancers Other Than Lung Cancer in a Large US Prospective Cohort.

International journal of cancer · 2026 · PMID 42071337

Outdoor air pollution, including particulate matter (PM), is a Group 1 carcinogen based on evidence for lung cancer; however, evidence for other cancers is limited. Further research on cancer incidence rather than mortality endpoints is needed as well as examinations in non-smokers. In the Cancer Prevention Study-II Nutrition Cohort, annual predictions of particulate and gaseous pollutant concentrations were assigned to residential addresses. Extended Cox regression estimated hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence i…

Rank64.2
Observational or cohort study

Real-world data on the management of pazopanib-induced liver toxicity in routine care of renal cell cancer and soft tissue sarcoma patients.

Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology · 2024 · PMID 38104304

PURPOSE: Pazopanib is known to cause liver toxicity. A relationship between pazopanib exposure and alanine transaminase elevations has been described in clinical trials. This study investigated the relation between pazopanib exposure and liver toxicity in real-world patients and evaluated the management of pazopanib-induced liver toxicity in routine care. METHODS: A retrospective observational cohort study was performed in patients treated with pazopanib in whom pazopanib exposure was measured. The percentage of pa…

Rank63.6
Observational or cohort study

Feasibility and clinical outcomes of same-day discharge after robot-assisted partial nephrectomy at an ambulatory surgery center.

Journal of robotic surgery · 2026 · PMID 42474628

Robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) enables the management of complex localized renal masses while preserving renal function. However, the adoption of institutionalized same-day discharge (SDD) pathways remains limited. Herein, we report the safety and feasibility of SDD RAPN at an ambulatory surgery center (ASC) at our institution. We performed a retrospective observational study of patients who underwent SDD RAPN at a freestanding ASC at our institution during 2022-2025. Patients were eligible for the SDD p…

Rank52.8
Other PubMed-indexed publication

First-Line Treatment Strategies in IMDC Favourable-Risk Metastatic Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Oncology research · 2026 · PMID 42500582

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) combined with vascular endothelial growth factor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (VEGF-TKIs) have transformed the treatment landscape of advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Current guidelines favour ICI plus VEGF-TKI (IO+TKI) combinations for favourable-risk disease (International Metastatic RCC Database Consortium [IMDC] score 0) based on improved objective response rates and progression-free survival. However, no IO+TKI combination has demonstrated a statistically sign…

Rank51.9
Other PubMed-indexed publication

Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Associated Renal Toxicities: A Retrospective Pan-Cancer Cohort Study.

Clinical therapeutics · 2026 · PMID 42230259

The mechanism of immune checkpoint inhibitors lead to off-target inflammation that results in a broad spectrum of toxicities. The aim of this study was evaluate risk factors, management, and outcomes of immune checkpoint inhibitor-related nephritis. We performed a retrospective review of 2,723 patients treated with ICIs (2015-2024) at a tertiary center. Patients who developed immune-mediated nephritis were identified and analyzed for demographics, cancer type, treatment, nephritis severity (ASCO grading), and outco…

Rank51.4
Other PubMed-indexed publication

Global research trends and clinical theme evolution in robot-assisted nephrectomy with venous tumor thrombectomy for renal cell carcinoma: a bibliometric and visualization analysis.

Journal of robotic surgery · 2026 · PMID 42474849

Robot-assisted nephrectomy with renal vein or inferior vena cava (IVC) tumor thrombectomy is a technically demanding procedure used in selected patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and venous tumor thrombus. The research map of this field has not been clearly described, and recent technical, comparative, and systemic-therapy developments make an updated focused analysis timely. We searched the Science Citation Index Expanded of the Web of Science Core Collection from database inception to 4 May 2026. English ar…

Rank50.7
Other PubMed-indexed publication

Differential effects of prior versus concomitant Steroid and Antibiotic Treatment on Immunotherapy Efficacy - A Pooled Analysis of the RAMONA, INTEGA, OPTIM, ELDORANDO, FORCE, TITAN-RCC and TITAN-TCC Trials of the German AIO Study Group.

British journal of cancer · 2026 · PMID 42156980

BACKGROUND: We explored the association of immune-related adverse events (irAE), along with prior and concomitant antibiotic and steroid use, on oncological outcomes following immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment in various solid tumours. METHODS: Pooled data from seven trials on ICI therapy across multiple cancer types (head and neck, non-small cell lung cancer, gastroesophageal junctional adenocarcinoma, oesophageal, renal cell, and urothelial carcinoma) was analysed, focusing on overall survival (OS) and …

Rank50.6
Other PubMed-indexed publication

Renal and urothelial cancer risks with SGLT2 inhibitors vs GLP-1 receptor agonists in type 2 diabetes: a target trial emulation.

Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2026 · PMID 41665869

BACKGROUND: The cardiovascular and renal benefits of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) are well established among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, comparative evidence regarding cancer risk remains limited. METHODS: We compared the risk of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and urothelial cell carcinoma (UCC), two malignancies with rising incidence and poor prognosis, in patients with T2D initiating SGLT2i vs GLP-1 RA. A new-user compara…

Rank50.6
Other PubMed-indexed publication

Efficacy and safety of first-line immune checkpoint inhibitor-based combination therapy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients on hemodialysis.

Urologic oncology · 2026 · PMID 42436102

BACKGROUND: Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based combination therapy (ICI plus ICI [IO-IO] or ICI plus tyrosine kinase inhibitor [IO-TKI]) is the standard first-line treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), but its impact in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (HD) relative to non-HD patients remains unclear. METHODS: We retrospectively compared patients with mRCC who received first-line IO-IO or IO-TKI therapy (2018-2025) according to HD status at treatment initiation. Oncologic outcomes (…

Treatments That Failed Clinical Trials59 records
Rank99.3
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

Final Overall Survival Analysis of S1500: A Randomized, Phase II Study Comparing Sunitinib With Cabozantinib, Crizotinib, and Savolitinib in Advanced Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2024 · PMID 39255440

Clinical trials frequently include multiple end points that mature at different times. The initial report, typically based on the primary end point, may be published when key planned co-primary or secondary analyses are not yet available. Clinical Trial Updates provide an opportunity to disseminate additional results from studies, published in JCO or elsewhere, for which the primary end point has already been reported.Mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) signaling pathway plays a role in the pathogenesis of sele…

Rank99.0
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

The long-term impact of single intraoperative instillation of pirarubicin after radical nephroureterectomy on local and systemic cancer control: a prospective, multicenter, randomized trial.

World journal of urology · 2025 · PMID 40080123

PURPOSE: Although the preventive effect against intravesical recurrence (IVR) has been established for single instillation of chemotherapy during or after radical surgery of upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC), there has been no research on the long-term outcome. This study aims to investigate the IVR and long-term survival outcome of a single intraoperative instillation of pirarubicin during radical nephroureterectomy (RNU). METHODS: In this prospective, multicenter, randomized trial, 97 patients under…

Rank98.6
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

Suitability of the MP1000 system for robot-assisted partial nephrectomy: a multicenter randomized controlled noninferiority trial.

International journal of surgery (London, England) · 2024 · PMID 38349210

PURPOSE: This study aimed to compare the safety and effectiveness of the MP1000 surgical system with the da Vinci Si robot system in robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) through a prospective, single-blinded, randomized controlled trial. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 62 patients who were scheduled to undergo RAPN were randomly assigned to either the da Vinci Si robot or MP1000 group. A noninferiority test was conducted with a noninferior intermediate value of 10%. The study compared installation and operat…

Rank97.9
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

Robot-assisted radical nephroureterectomy using the KangDuo Surgical Robot-01 System versus the da Vinci System: a multicenter prospective randomized controlled trial.

International braz j urol : official journal of the Brazilian Society of Urology · 2024 · PMID 39133792

INTRODUCTION: We aim to compare the safety and effectiveness of the KangDuo (KD)-Surgical Robot-01 (KD-SR-01) system and the da Vinci (DV) system for robot-assisted radical nephroureterectomy (RARNU). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This multicenter prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted between March 2022 and September 2023. Group 1 included 29 patients undergoing KD-RARNU. Group 2 included 29 patients undergoing DV-RARNU. Patient demographic and clinical characteristics, perioperative data, and follow-up ou…

Rank96.6
Randomized controlled trial

Nephron Sparing Treatment (NEST) for Small Renal Masses: A Feasibility Cohort-embedded Randomised Controlled Trial Comparing Percutaneous Cryoablation and Robot-assisted Partial Nephrectomy.

European urology · 2024 · PMID 37684178

There is a paucity of high-level evidence on small renal mass (SRM) management, as previous classical randomised controlled trials (RCTs) failed to meet accrual targets. Our objective was to assess the feasibility of recruitment to a cohort-embedded RCT comparing cryoablation (CRA) to robotic partial nephrectomy (RPN). A total of 200 participants were recruited to the cohort, of whom 50 were enrolled in the RCT. In the CRA intervention arm, 84% consented (95% confidence interval [CI] 64-95%) and 76% (95% CI 55-91%)…

Rank96.6
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

Randomized, Prospective Evaluation of Hemostatic Agents in Robotic-Assisted Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy.

The Journal of urology · 2026 · PMID 41360001

PURPOSE: Hemostatic agents (HAs) are typically used during robotic-assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (RALPN) to minimize perioperative bleeding. However, high-quality evidence supporting their effectiveness is limited. We aimed to determine whether HAs reduce perioperative blood loss in patients undergoing RALPN. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a prospective, randomized controlled trial of patients undergoing RALPN. Patients were randomized to HA+, in which HAs were assigned, and HA-, no HA. The primary…

Rank96.4
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

Randomized controlled trial of the effect of general anesthetics on postoperative recovery after minimally invasive nephrectomy.

Korean journal of anesthesiology · 2024 · PMID 37232074

BACKGROUND: General anesthetic techniques can affect postoperative recovery. We compared the effect of propofol-based total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) and desflurane anesthesia on postoperative recovery. METHODS: In this randomized trial, 150 patients undergoing robot-assisted or laparoscopic nephrectomy for renal cancer were randomly allocated to either the TIVA or desflurane anesthesia (DES) group. Postoperative recovery was evaluated using the Korean version of the Quality of Recovery-15 questionnaire (QoR-15…

Rank96.2
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

Transperitoneal vs retroperitoneal laparoscopic radical nephrectomy: a double-arm, parallel-group randomized clinical trial.

BMC urology · 2024 · PMID 38310213

OBJECTIVE: To compare the outcomes of patients undergoing Retroperitoneal laparoscopic Radical nephrectomy (RLRN) and Transperitoneal laparoscopic Radical nephrectomy (TLRN). METHODS: A total of 120 patients with localized renal cell carcinoma were randomized into either RLRN or TLRN group. Mainly by comparing the patient perioperative related data, surgical specimen integrity, pathological results and tumor results. RESULTS: Each group comprised 60 patients. The two group were equivalent in terms of perioperative …

Rank96.0
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

Intraoperative ultrasonography (IOUS)-guided vs conventional laparoscopic nephrectomy: a randomised control trial.

BJU international · 2024 · PMID 37470129

OBJECTIVES: To assess the efficacy of routine use of intraoperative ultrasonography (IOUS) in improving perioperative outcomes in patients undergoing IOUS-guided laparoscopic nephrectomy (IOUS-LN) and conventional laparoscopic nephrectomy (C-LN). PATIENTS AND METHODS: This was a parallel-arm, single-blinded, randomised controlled trial (CTRI/2021/12/038906). All patients undergoing LN, either for benign or malignant causes, were included. Patients undergoing partial/cytoreductive nephrectomy, with venous thrombus w…

Rank96.0
Randomized controlled trial

Checkpoint Inhibitors in Combination With Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy in Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors: The CHEERS Phase 2 Randomized Clinical Trial.

JAMA oncology · 2023 · PMID 37410476

IMPORTANCE: Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and PD-1 ligand 1 have improved the outcome for many cancer types, the majority of patients fails to respond to ICI monotherapy. Hypofractionated radiotherapy has the potential to improve the therapeutic ratio of ICIs. OBJECTIVE: To assess the addition of radiotherapy to ICIs compared with ICI monotherapy in patients with advanced solid tumors. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This open-label, multicenter, randomized…

Rank96.0
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: benefit

The efficacy and safety of duloxetine in treating refractory chronic cough: a randomized clinical trial.

BMC medicine · 2026 · PMID 41530764

BACKGROUND: Enhanced cough sensitivity is proposed as a potential cause for refractory chronic cough (RCC), and modulation of sensory nerve hyperresponsiveness is suggested as an effective treatment. However, the treatment of RCC has considerable potential for enhancement, particularly in terms of the targets and side effects. We aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of duloxetine, a selective 5-HT and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, in patients with RCC. METHODS: This is a prospective, randomized, double…

Rank95.8
Randomized controlled trial

Smart Continence Care for People With Profound Intellectual and Multiple Disabilities Within Dutch Residential Care Facilities: Economic Evaluation Alongside a Cluster Randomized Trial.

Journal of medical Internet research · 2025 · PMID 41071602

BACKGROUND: Persons with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities in residential care facilities may benefit from smart continence care (SCC), which is incontinence material (IM) with integrated sensors that notify caregivers when the IM is saturated and requires changing. SCC aims to reduce weekly leakages and improve the quality of life. OBJECTIVE: Given the growing demand for health care services and the decreasing workforce, it is essential to assess the cost-effectiveness and cost-utility of such techno…

Rank95.8
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: nullCorrection flagged

Perioperative nivolumab versus observation in patients with renal cell carcinoma undergoing nephrectomy (PROSPER ECOG-ACRIN EA8143): an open-label, randomised, phase 3 study.

The Lancet. Oncology · 2024 · PMID 38942046

BACKGROUND: The standard of care for patients with intermediate-to-high risk renal cell carcinoma is partial or radical nephrectomy followed by surveillance. We aimed to investigate use of nivolumab before nephrectomy followed by adjuvant nivolumab in patients with high-risk renal cell carcinoma to determine recurrence-free survival compared with surgery only. METHODS: In this open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial (PROSPER EA8143), patients were recruited from 183 community and academic sites across the USA and Can…

Rank95.4
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

Two-year Follow-up for Oncological, Functional, and Quality-of-Life Outcomes in the Randomized ROBOCOP II Trial of Robot-assisted Versus Conventional Open Partial Nephrectomy.

European urology focus · 2026 · PMID 41760424

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) is increasingly used to treat renal cell carcinoma (RCC), but randomized data comparing long-term outcomes to those after open partial nephrectomy (OPN) remain limited. Our aim was to compare oncological, renal function, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) outcomes at 2 yr for patients who underwent RAPN versus OPN. METHODS: This single-center phase 2 randomized controlled trial included 50 patients with suspected localized RCC who were rand…

Rank95.4
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

Quality-of-life outcomes of the ROBOtic-assisted versus Conventional Open Partial nephrectomy (ROBOCOP) II trial.

BJU international · 2024 · PMID 38816992

OBJECTIVES: To comprehensively compare quality-of-life (QoL) outcomes between open partial nephrectomy (OPN) and robot-assisted PN (RAPN) from the randomised ROBOtic-assisted versus Conventional Open Partial nephrectomy (ROBOCOP) II trial, as QoL data comparing OPN and RAPN are virtually non-existent, especially not from randomised controlled trials (RCTs). PATIENTS AND METHODS: The ROBOCOP II was a single-centre, open-label RCT between OPN and RAPN. The pre-planned analyses of QoL outcomes are presented. Data were…

Rank95.3
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

Jetstream Atherectomy with Paclitaxel-Coated Balloons: Two-Year Outcome of the Prospective Randomized JET-RANGER Study.

Vascular health and risk management · 2023 · PMID 36936551

BACKGROUND: The JET-RANGER study (NCT03206762) was a multicenter (11 US centers) randomized trial, core lab adjudicated, designed to demonstrate the superiority of Jetstream + Paclitaxel coated balloon (JET+PCB) versus angioplasty (PTA) + PCB in treating femoropopliteal (FP) arterial disease. The one-year primary endpoint of JET-RANGER has been recently published. The 2-year outcome data are presented in this report. METHODS: There were 43 patients who completed the 1-year follow-up. Two were lost to follow-up and …

Rank95.0
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

Cabozantinib and nivolumab with or without live bacterial supplementation in metastatic renal cell carcinoma: a randomized phase 1 trial.

Nature medicine · 2024 · PMID 38942995

Supplementation with CBM588, a bifidogenic live bacterial product, has been associated with improved clinical outcomes in persons with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) receiving nivolumab and ipilimumab. However, its effect on those receiving tyrosine kinase inhibitor-based combinations is unknown. In this open-label, randomized, investigator-initiated, phase 1 study, 30 participants with locally advanced or mRCC with histological confirmation of clear cell, papillary or sarcomatoid component were randomized …

Rank94.9
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

A cluster randomized controlled trial of a train-the-trainer behavioral intervention delivered via respite care centers to improve nutritional outcomes and quality of life persons with dementia and their caregivers.

The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2025 · PMID 41124731

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate a behavioral intervention, Partners at Meals (PAM), designed to empower caregivers (CGs) to improve caloric intake, weight, and quality of life (QOL) of persons with dementia (PWD), and to address dysfunctional behaviors during mealtime. The study also aimed to assess differences in caregiver psychosocial outcomes, including depression, burden, and QOL. DESIGN: A cluster randomized controlled experimental design was used, in which participating Respite Care Centers (RCCs) were randomized to e…

Rank94.9
Randomized controlled trial

Health-related Quality of Life Analysis from KEYNOTE-426: Pembrolizumab plus Axitinib Versus Sunitinib for Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma.

European urology · 2022 · PMID 35843776

BACKGROUND: In the phase 3 KEYNOTE-426 (NCT02853331) trial, pembrolizumab + axitinib demonstrated improvement in overall survival, progression-free survival, and objective response rate over sunitinib monotherapy for advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). OBJECTIVE: To evaluate health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in KEYNOTE-426. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: A total of 861 patients were randomly assigned to receive pembrolizumab + axitinib (n = 432) or sunitinib (n = 429). HRQoL data were available for 429 pa…

Rank94.8
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

Adjuvant Pazopanib Versus Placebo After Nephrectomy in Patients With Localized or Locally Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma: Final Overall Survival Analysis of the Phase 3 PROTECT Trial.

European urology · 2021 · PMID 33461782

Most studies indicate no benefit of adjuvant therapy with VEGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors in advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). PROTECT (NCT01235962) was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 study to evaluate adjuvant pazopanib in patients with locally advanced RCC at high risk of relapse after nephrectomy (pazopanib, n = 769; placebo, n = 769). The results of the primary analysis showed no difference in disease-free survival between pazopanib 600 mg and placebo. Here we report the final overal…

Rank94.6
Randomized controlled trial

Selection and evaluation of preoperative systemic inflammatory response biomarkers model prior to cytoreductive nephrectomy using a machine-learning approach.

World journal of urology · 2022 · PMID 34671856

INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to determine the prognostic value of a panel of SIR-biomarkers, relative to standard clinicopathological variables, to improve mRCC patient selection for cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A panel of preoperative SIR-biomarkers, including the albumin-globulin ratio (AGR), De Ritis ratio (DRR), and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), was assessed in 613 patients treated with CN for mRCC. Patients were randomly divided into training and testing cohorts (65/35%).…

Rank94.2
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

Efficacy and safety of vorolanib plus everolimus in metastatic renal cell carcinoma: A three-arm, randomised, double-blind, multicentre phase III study (CONCEPT).

European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990) · 2023 · PMID 36459768

BACKGROUND: Vorolanib is a highly potent tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) and platelet-derived growth factor receptor. This three-arm, randomised, registered study aimed to assess the combination of vorolanib and everolimus or vorolanib alone versus a control arm of everolimus as second-line treatment in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with advanced or metastatic RCC who had received one prior VEGFR-TKI …

Rank94.1
Randomized controlled trial

Molecular determinants of response to PD-L1 blockade across tumor types.

Nature communications · 2021 · PMID 34172722

Immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis lead to durable clinical responses in subsets of cancer patients across multiple indications, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), urothelial carcinoma (UC) and renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Herein, we complement PD-L1 immunohistochemistry (IHC) and tumor mutation burden (TMB) with RNA-seq in 366 patients to identify unifying and indication-specific molecular profiles that can predict response to checkpoint blockade across these tumor types. Multiple…

Rank94.0
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

CT Perfusion Blood Flow Provides an Early Response Marker for Progression-free Survival in a Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Technology in cancer research & treatment · 2026 · PMID 42308169

IntroductionThere is currently no biomarker for progression-free survival (PFS) for patients undergoing treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The aim of our study was to evaluate computed tomography perfusion (CTp) blood flow as an early marker of PFS in patients with mRCC treated with targeted agents.MethodsAssociations between CTp blood flow and PFS were evaluated from prospective randomized evidence using univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models with Harrell's conco…

Rank93.7
Randomized controlled trial

Transcriptomic Correlates of Tumor Cell PD-L1 Expression and Response to Nivolumab Monotherapy in Metastatic Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2022 · PMID 35802667

PURPOSE: PD-L1 expression on tumor cells (TC) is associated with response to anti-PD-1-based therapies in some tumor types, but its significance in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is uncertain. We leveraged tumor heterogeneity to identify molecular correlates of TC PD-L1 expression in ccRCC and assessed their role in predicting response to anti-PD-1 monotherapy. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: RNA sequencing was performed on paired TC PD-L1 positive and negative areas isolated from eight ccRCC tumors and transcriptomi…

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