Cancer evidence library
Lung Cancer
PubMed-indexed evidence for non-small-cell and small-cell lung cancer, including treatment and emerging research.
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Lung Cancer
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Complete Ranked PubMed Index
The retrieval-priority score orders records using publication type, recency, sample-size signals, and replication signals. It is not a recommendation or a formal risk-of-bias grade.
Current Standard Of Care62 records
Rank112.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement
Archivos de bronconeumologia · 2026 · PMID 42276952
Accurate mediastinal nodal staging is essential for the management of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), as it refines prognosis, guides multimodal treatment, and improves survival. This joint consensus document from the Spanish Society of Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery (SEPAR) and the Spanish Society of Thoracic Surgeons (SECT) updates and expands the 2011 SEPAR guidelines, incorporating the 9th edition of the TNM classification and extending recommendations to the entire perioperative setting, including both p…
Rank112.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement
The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery · 2026 · PMID 42081972
OBJECTIVE: Multimodal therapy is recommended for the optimal treatment of N2 positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Recent advancements in the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors and targeted therapy have dramatically changed the landscape of treatment. We reviewed recent trials and literature to develop consensus statements concerning the evaluation and treatment of potentially resectable NSCLC with N2 involvement.
METHODS: The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Clinical Practice Standards Committee a…
Rank110.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement
Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology · 2026 · PMID 41932500
INTRODUCTION: Stage I-III limited-stage small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive yet potentially curable disease with concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Thoracic radiation therapy (RT) plays a central role in the management of stage I-III SCLC; however significant variation exists in staging, target volume delineation, dose prescription, and integration with systemic therapy. This document provides an updated European recommendations on the use of RT in stage I-III SCLC, reflecting recent evidence and advanc…
Rank110.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement
Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2026 · PMID 42190141
Living guidelines are developed for selected topic areas with rapidly evolving evidence that drives frequent change in recommended clinical practice. Living guidelines are updated on a regular schedule by a standing expert panel that systematically reviews the health literature on a continuous basis, as described in the ASCO Guidelines Methodology Manual. ASCO Living Guidelines follow the ASCO Conflict of Interest Policy Implementation for Clinical Practice Guidelines. Living Guidelines and updates are not intended…
Rank110.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement
The Medical journal of Australia · 2026 · PMID 42438375
INTRODUCTION: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality in Australia. In July 2025, the Australian Government launched the National Lung Cancer Screening Program (the Program). The Program has been designed in accordance with the Medical Services Advisory Committee's recommendations. This article summarises the program guidelines, outlining Program parameters and delivery requirements. The screening and assessment pathway defines the Program structure. The purpose of the guidelines is to ensure safe, eff…
Rank110.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement
Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network : JNCCN · 2026 · PMID 41956107
The NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines) for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) provide recommendations for the treatment of patients with NSCLC, including diagnosis, primary disease management, surveillance, and subsequent treatment. The panel has updated the list of recommended targeted therapies based on recent FDA approvals and clinical data. This selection from the NCCN Guidelines for NSCLC focuses on treatment recommendations for advanced or metastatic NSCLC with actionable biomarke…
Rank110.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement
Journal of the American College of Radiology : JACR · 2026 · PMID 41721805
This document addresses the management of pulmonary nodules and masses, a frequent and clinically significant finding in thoracic imaging given the prevalence and mortality burden of lung cancer. The document was developed and updated by a multidisciplinary expert panel through systematic review of peer-reviewed literature and supplemented as needed by expert consensus. Clinical variants considered in this document include stable solitary pulmonary nodules, enlarging nodules, centrally versus peripherally located n…
Rank110.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement
Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2026 · PMID 42190143
Living guidelines are developed for selected topic areas with rapidly evolving evidence that drives frequent change in recommended clinical practice. Living guidelines are updated on a regular schedule by a standing expert panel that systematically reviews the health literature on a continuous basis, as described in the ASCO Guidelines Methodology Manual. ASCO Living Guidelines follow the ASCO Conflict of Interest Policy Implementation for Clinical Practice Guidelines. Living Guidelines and updates are not intended…
Rank105.7
Systematic review or meta-analysis
European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026 · PMID 40835773
PURPOSE: Spinal metastases affect up to 70% of systemic cancer patients, with overall survival averaging less than six months. Traditional chemotherapeutic agents have unsatisfactory results, leading to immunotherapy (IT) investigations. There is no clear consensus on the benefits and risks of IT for spinal tumors. This study assesses the current literature to determine IT safety and survival efficacy for tumors involving spinal column.
METHODS: Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search was conducted across …
Rank103.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica · 2026 · PMID 42392724
Based on clinical research literature from the past five years on Chinese patent medicines for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC), this study employed an evidence mapping approach to systematically evaluate the distribution characteristics of the evidence, intervention measures, outcome indicators, and methodological quality. A systematic search of eight Chinese and English databases, including CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, was conducted for studi…
Rank102.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis
The Annals of thoracic surgery · 2026 · PMID 42019659
BACKGROUND: Pleural mesothelioma (PM) is a rare and complex thoracic malignancy for which treatment regimens continue to evolve. The role of surgery in the management of PM is controversial. We reviewed contemporary literature to provide consensus recommendations from an expert multidisciplinary panel on the multimodal treatment of PM with an emphasis on surgical intervention to update management pathways.
METHODS: An international, multidisciplinary panel developed Population, Intervention, Comparator, Outcomes (P…
Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: mixed
BMC pulmonary medicine · 2026 · PMID 41942994
BACKGROUND: Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) offer hope for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer; however, there is no consensus on the optimal course of treatment. This study aims to evaluate the optimal duration of immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. METHOD: A systematic search of published studies was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP databases until January 2026. Retrieved articles were screened for final inclusion and rele…
Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2026 · PMID 42505210
BACKGROUND: Lung cancer carries a high psychosocial burden. Tobacco use, the stigma attached to the disease, and coping strategies are thought to interact and shape psychological outcomes, yet they have rarely been examined together. This review aimed to synthesise the evidence on the relationship between tobacco use, lung cancer stigma, and coping, and how these factors interact and influence patients' psychological outcomes.
METHODS: Following the PRISMA 2020 guideline, PubMed/MEDLINE and Dialnet were searched (w…
Rank96.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis
JBI evidence synthesis · 2026 · PMID 41923706
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this review will be to appraise the measurement properties of patient-reported outcome assessment tools for lung cancer.
INTRODUCTION: Patients with lung cancer manifest varying degrees of physical and psychosocial symptoms attributable to disease pathology and treatment-related complications, which significantly impair their quality of life. Although a few patient-reported outcome assessment tools are available for lung cancer, a comprehensive and standardized comparative analysis of th…
Rank87.0
Randomized clinical study
Journal of thoracic oncology : official publication of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer · 2026 · PMID 41934464
The role of radiotherapy (RT) in stage IV NSCLC has traditionally been palliative; however, with advancements in systemic therapies and insights into the evolutionary processes underpinning advanced disease, the rationale for aggressive primary-tumor control has received renewed interest. This International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) consensus statement evaluates the current evidence for the role, timing, dosing, target volumes, and safety of primary-tumor RT in both actionable genomic alterat…
Rank85.0
Randomized clinical study
American Society of Clinical Oncology educational book. American Society of Clinical Oncology. Annual Meeting · 2026 · PMID 42335416
As systemic therapies for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have become more effective, interest in their use for improving long-term surgical outcomes has rapidly increased. Imperfect as it is, stage remains the primary means for identifying patients who might benefit from systemic therapy. Recent clinical trials have led to US Food and Drug Administration approval of osimertinib and alectinib as adjuvant treatments for resected pathologic stage II/III EGFR and ALK-mutated NSCLC; their use in the neoadjuvant sett…
Rank78.7
Multicenter clinical study
The Annals of thoracic surgery · 2026 · PMID 41571025
BACKGROUND: A recent consensus statement recommends that atypical cells are considered nondiagnostic specimens in the calculation of diagnostic yield. This study investigated the natural history and malignancy rate of atypical cells and practice patterns of clinicians encountering these biopsy results.
METHODS: This was a subset analysis of a prospective, multicenter study evaluating the safety and diagnostic outcomes of robotic-assisted bronchoscopy for pulmonary nodules. Nondiagnostic samples, including those wit…
Rank55.0
Other PubMed-indexed publication
International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2026 · PMID 42518632
BACKGROUND: Lung cancer (LC) is one of the main causes of death among COPD patients. Similar risk factors and pathophysiology motivated multiple retrospective studies investigating a possible risk reduction effect of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) use among COPD patients, yet there is still no consensus on the issue.
METHODS: Using the financial database of the National Health Insurance Fund, involving the overall population of Hungary, two retrospective analyses were performed between 2009 and 2019, based on the co…
Rank50.9
Other PubMed-indexed publication
BMC cancer · 2026 · PMID 41928147
INTRODUCTION: Cachexia is a multifactorial syndrome associated with impaired physiologic reserve and adverse outcomes in advanced NSCLC. Its relationship with early toxicity and survival during EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) therapy remains insufficiently characterized. We evaluated the impact of baseline cachexia on toxicity and clinical outcomes in patients with EGFR-mutated stage III–IV NSCLC treated with EGFR-TKIs. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this retrospective cohort, 247 consecutive patients treated w…
Rank50.1
Other PubMed-indexed publicationResult signal: harm
American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2026 · PMID 42085205
RATIONALE: Lung cancer screening regularly identifies participants with interstitial lung abnormalities (ILA). Existing classification methods may underestimate the prevalence of clinically relevant ILA phenotypes.
OBJECTIVES: Can a classification system for ILAs developed in a lung cancer screening setting identify clinically relevant phenotypes?
METHODS: Classification criteria based on the presence and lobar extent of traction bronchiolectasis (TBe) were developed internally by expert consensus. Categories inclu…
Rank50.1
Other PubMed-indexed publication
European radiology · 2026 · PMID 41540209
OBJECTIVES: Radiogenomic studies have mostly linked single-site radiomic features (RFs) to genomic alterations in locally-advanced lung cancer, limiting their applicability to patients with metastatic lung adenocarcinoma (MLUAD). Our aim was to evaluate associations between unsupervised CT-based radiomic clustering of single-site and multi-site features and oncogenic alterations (OAs) and response to treatment in MLUAD.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients managed at our center (October 2016-January 2024) with pre-treat…
Rank49.0
Other PubMed-indexed publication
Journal of thoracic imaging · 2026 · PMID 41815002
PURPOSE: This study evaluates 3 artificial intelligence (AI) systems in detecting, characterizing, and classifying lung nodules on low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) scans of 100 subjects, assessing agreement with a reference standard and inter-vendor consistency.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Performance of 3 commercially available AI platforms-AI 1, AI 2, and AI 3-was retrospectively analyzed against evaluations by 2 thoracic radiologists, with discordances resolved by consensus as reference standard. Agreements were a…
Rank48.0
Other PubMed-indexed publication
PeerJ · 2026 · PMID 42079738
BACKGROUND: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common subtype of non-small cell lung cancer and remains associated with poor prognosis despite therapeutic advances. Protein palmitoylation, particularly reversible S-palmitoylation, modulates oncogenic signaling, membrane localization, and immune checkpoint stability, but the prognostic landscape of palmitoylation-related genes (PRGs) in LUAD and their relationship with the tumor microenvironment are not well defined.
METHODS: PRGs were curated from GeneCards and…
Rank47.8
Other PubMed-indexed publication
Surgical oncology · 2026 · PMID 42150271
PURPOSE: Accurate intraoperative localization of small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors (SI-NETs) remains a surgical challenge, with standard staging protocols frequently missing small primary or metastatic lesions. ICG has shown utility in other highly vascularized tumors, including pituitary and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors and non-small cell lung cancer. We conducted a prospective feasibility study to evaluate the potential of near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging (FI) using indocyanine green (ICG) to enh…
Rank47.0
Other PubMed-indexed publication
Zhonghua zhong liu za zhi [Chinese journal of oncology] · 2026 · PMID 42331545
With the rapid development of image-guided minimally invasive therapeutic techniques, percutaneous cryoablation has become increasingly important in the comprehensive management system of pulmonary tumors due to its advantages such as good repeatability and minimal damage to surrounding structures. This consensus was developed by a working group consisting of multidisciplinary experts from respiratory and critical care medicine, interventional radiology, thoracic surgery, oncology, and ultrasound. Based on a system…
Diagnosis And Screening171 records
Rank112.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement
Archivos de bronconeumologia · 2026 · PMID 42276952
Accurate mediastinal nodal staging is essential for the management of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), as it refines prognosis, guides multimodal treatment, and improves survival. This joint consensus document from the Spanish Society of Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery (SEPAR) and the Spanish Society of Thoracic Surgeons (SECT) updates and expands the 2011 SEPAR guidelines, incorporating the 9th edition of the TNM classification and extending recommendations to the entire perioperative setting, including both p…
Rank108.6
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: harm
Annals of medicine · 2026 · PMID 41641734
BACKGROUND: The increasing use of chest imaging has led to a higher detection rate of incidental solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs), often causing patient anxiety. Determining the malignancy rate and associated risk factors is crucial for developing appropriate follow-up strategies to prevent overdiagnosis, overtreatment, or missed diagnoses. This meta-analysis aims to investigate the malignancy rate and risk factors in patients with incidental SPNs.
METHODS: A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, an…
Rank106.1
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Frontiers in oncology · 2026 · PMID 42534809
BACKGROUND: Patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) inevitably develop resistance to EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy in this setting; however, no meta-analysis has systematically evaluated ADC efficacy and safety specifically in this population.
METHODS: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science for clinical trials evaluating ADCs …
Rank105.2
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Pulmonology · 2026 · PMID 41810601
BACKGROUND: The incidence of lung diseases has been increasing in recent years, especially lung cancer and interstitial lung disease. However, the diagnosis of lung diseases such as lung cancer and ILD still has some limitations. Therefore, finding an appropriate imaging agent and technique is of great clinical value for the diagnostic evaluation of lung diseases.
METHOD: A thorough search of all relevant literature up to 20 June 2024 was undertaken. Studies evaluating lung lesions with FAPI PET were screened and p…
Rank102.2
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Pulmonology · 2026 · PMID 41560513
BACKGROUND: Clinical guidelines recommend endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) as the initial diagnostic tool for lung cancer staging. However, despite the availability of mediastinal forceps biopsy and cryobiopsy, the optimal diagnostic approaches for other mediastinal conditions remain unclear.
METHODS: We searched multiple databases and sources up to February 21, 2025, and employed single-arm, pairwise, and network meta-analytical approaches to comprehensively evaluate EBU…
Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Frontiers in digital health · 2026 · PMID 42535035
INTRODUCTION: Responsible artificial intelligence (AI) in medical imaging requires more than high diagnostic accuracy; it also requires transparent reasoning, equitable performance across patient subgroups, privacy protection, calibrated uncertainty, and clinical trustworthiness.
METHODS: This PRISMA-informed systematic review synthesized 24 studies published between 2020 and 2025 that used AI or deep learning for disease detection or diagnostic support in X-ray, CT, MRI, mammography, ultrasound, dermoscopy, retina…
Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Journal of medical economics · 2026 · PMID 41723781
AIMS: A systematic review of the economic burden of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
METHODS: Articles from 2011 onwards reporting the economic burden of locally advanced (stage IIIB/C)/metastatic (stage IV) NSCLC were identified through systematic and supplementary searches. Outcomes included hospitalizations, emergency department (ED) and outpatient visits, and direct and indirect costs, amongst others.
RESULTS: Across 50 publications (43 studies), patients with advanced NSCLC had high rates of health…
Rank98.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Medicine · 2026 · PMID 42536556
BACKGROUND: To explore the research trends of microfluidic technology for cancer diagnosis from 2015 to 2024 using bibliometric and visualization methods (not a Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses-compliant systematic review), and provide references for subsequent scientific research.
METHODS: Relevant literatures were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection, and analyzed using tools such as Origin 2018, R software, VOSviewer, and CiteSpace. The cooperation network, co - cit…
Rank97.6
Randomized controlled trial
JAMA internal medicine · 2025 · PMID 39804633
IMPORTANCE: The optimal configuration of a smoking cessation intervention in a lung cancer screening (LCS) setting has not yet been established.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of 3 tobacco treatment strategies of increasing integration and intensity in the LCS setting.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: In this randomized clinical trial, LCS-eligible current smokers were randomized into 3 treatments: quitline (QL), QL plus (QL+), or integrated care (IC). The study was conducted from July 2017 to June 2022 at a…
Rank96.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Asia-Pacific journal of oncology nursing · 2026 · PMID 42472225
OBJECTIVE: To identify, evaluate, and synthesize the best available evidence for respiratory function training (RFT) in perioperative patients with lung cancer, with the aim of providing guidance for clinical practice and facilitating evidence-based decision-making.
METHODS: A dual design of scoping review and evidence synthesis was adopted. We comprehensively searched 9 Chinese and English academic databases, and 13 clinical guideline and professional society platforms, from the inception of each database to Febru…
Rank96.0
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: harm
The Journal of emergency medicine · 2025 · PMID 39939186
BACKGROUND: Lung cancer is frequently detected during visits to the emergency department (ED). The ED is crucial for identifying likely cases of lung cancer and coordinating the subsequent care for these patients.
OBJECTIVES: This scoping review aims to explore the definitions of emergency presentations (EPs) of lung cancer, along with mortality rates, cancer stage, and treatments for patients diagnosed with lung cancer following an EP.
METHODS: We conducted a scoping review of the literature on EPs of lung cancer,…
Rank88.0
Randomized clinical study
Scientific reports · 2026 · PMID 42174085
Quantitative imaging is an emerging field that may allow prediction of oncological outcomes. We investigate whether radiomics and deep learning can predict outcomes in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer utilizing randomized trials of PD-1 inhibitors + /- stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy: PEMBRO-RT(NCT02492568), NIVORAD(ACTRN12616000352404) and MDACC(NCT02444741). A random forest model developed on PEMBRO-RT using radiomics features had an AUC of 0.57 for prediction of per-lesion progressive disease on imm…
Rank85.0
Randomized clinical study
Contemporary clinical trials · 2026 · PMID 42476254
BACKGROUND: Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Annual lung cancer screening (LCS) with low-dose chest CT (LDCT) can prevent lung cancer deaths in individuals at high risk, and American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) adults are among the highest risk populations; however, evidence suggests lower uptake of screening in this population compared to other groups.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of a culturally adapted patient navigation intervention delivered in Tribal healthcare…
Rank78.8
Multicenter clinical study
Frontiers in immunology · 2026 · PMID 41766853
BACKGROUND: Biomarkers guiding immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are limited. The glucose-to-lymphocyte ratio (GLR), integrating metabolic and immune status, has shown prognostic value in several cancers but has not been systematically evaluated in patients receiving PD-1 blockade.
METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 837 patients with advanced or metastatic NSCLC treated with nivolumab across 21 oncology centers in Turkey (2015-2025). Baseline GLR was calculated from fasting glucose and absolute …
Rank78.6
Multicenter clinical study
Clinical & experimental metastasis · 2026 · PMID 42530663
Treatment choices for metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after first-line targeted therapy progression are heterogeneous. This study aimed to characterize real-world treatment patterns and outcomes of advanced NSCLC harboring actionable genomic alterations (AGAs) in second- (2 L) or third-line (3 L) settings. This retrospective cohort study across six Chinese centers included stage IV NSCLC patients with confirmed AGAs. Therapies were divided into six categories: targeted monotherapy (T), targeted combin…
Rank78.4
Multicenter clinical study
Frontiers in immunology · 2026 · PMID 42539527
BACKGROUND: Patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant lung adenocarcinoma who develop resistance to first-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) without a T790M mutation face a therapeutic dilemma with limited and suboptimal options.
METHODS: In this multicenter retrospective study, the final analyzable modeling cohort included 490 patients with complete eligible CT imaging and outcome labels, comprising a training cohort of 326 patients, validation cohort 1 of 70 patients, and validation c…
Rank77.8
Multicenter clinical study
Annals of medicine · 2026 · PMID 41992828
BACKGROUND: To develop and validate an integrated radiopathomics nomogram combining multiphase CT images, H&E-stained slides, and clinicopathological variables for predicting microvascular patterns (MVPs) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
METHODS: We retrospectively included consecutive surgically resected NSCLC patients from two centers (n = 258). Patients from center 1 were randomly divided into training and internal validation cohorts, while patients from center 2 formed external validation cohort. CD34-imm…
Rank77.5
Multicenter clinical studyResult signal: harm
Cancer medicine · 2024 · PMID 38733176
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Following treatment of superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), surveillance for a second primary malignancy (SPM) is necessary. However, detailed evidence regarding the timing and prognosis of SPMs is insufficient. We aimed to clarify the details of SPMs and their effects on patient outcomes.
METHODS: This retrospective, multicenter study involved 11 hospitals. Patients with superficial ESCC curatively resected using endoscopic submucosal dissection between May 2005 and December 2…
Rank77.0
Phase II clinical trial
Oncoimmunology · 2026 · PMID 41732954
Checkpoint blockade of PD-1 with pembrolizumab provides long-term survival to a significant proportion of patients with metastatic melanoma. Pembrolizumab has been successfully used in combination with chemotherapy in non-small-cell lung cancer to increase the response rate. This phase II trial combined pembrolizumab with carboplatin/paclitaxel (CP) to assess its safety and efficacy, and to identify correlates of responses. Thirty patients without prior immunotherapy for unresectable/metastatic melanoma were treate…
Rank77.0
Phase II clinical trial
Oncoimmunology · 2026 · PMID 42126144
Retrospective characterization of cell‒cell relationships in the tumor microenvironment provides significantly better predictive power than PD-L1 expression, tumor mutational burden (TMB), or gene expression profiles. In this small study assessing the safety and possible efficacy of gemcitabine and pembrolizumab in immunotherapy-naïve patients with NSCLC who have received prior treatment, we investigated both standard and novel immune parameters in 16 enrolled patients (NCT03083808). The combination of gemcitabine …
Rank77.0
Phase II clinical trial
Cancer research communications · 2026 · PMID 42391424
UNLABELLED: The detection of biomarkers in blood or tumor tissue samples may affect the efficacy of targeted therapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The FoundationOne Liquid CDx (F1LCDx) and tissue FoundationOne CDx (F1CDx) companion diagnostic tests were approved by the US Food and Drug Administration to identify patients with BRAF V600E-mutant metastatic NSCLC who may benefit from encorafenib combined with binimetinib. This clinical bridging study aimed to establish F1LCDx and F1CDx as compan…
Rank76.9
Multicenter clinical study
Pulmonology · 2026 · PMID 41635252
BACKGROUND: Conventional bronchoscopy has imited diagnostic yield for challenging peripheral pulmonary nodules(C-PPNs), particularly for small (≤20 mm), pleural-contact, or reverse-angle (bifurcation angle ≤90°) nodules. This prospective multi-centre study evaluates the novel robotic bronchoscopy system (RBS) with ultra-thin catheters in C-PPNs under radiation-free conditions.
METHODS: This multi-centre, prospective study enrolled 89 patients with C-PPN (characterised by a diameter ≤20 mm, pleural-contact, or an an…
Rank72.8
Multicenter clinical study
Advances in therapy · 2026 · PMID 42176185
INTRODUCTION: The single-arm phase 1/2 LIBRETTO-001 trial demonstrated durable efficacy and a favorable safety profile with the selective RET inhibitor (RETi) selpercatinib in patients with RET fusion-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), regardless of prior non-RET-selective treatment. The aim of this study (RECALIB-RET), comparison of outcomes with first-line (1L) non-RET-selective therapy in a real-world external control arm to the LIBRETTO-001 selpercatinib-treated population, was precluded by a small re…
Rank70.0
Multicenter clinical study
Journal of bronchology & interventional pulmonology · 2026 · PMID 42459019
RATIONALE: Robotic-assisted bronchoscopy platforms are becoming ubiquitous to aid in sampling peripheral pulmonary nodules. A head-to-head performance between the 2 widely available platforms (Ion and Monarch) has not been investigated.
OBJECTIVES: To explore differences in diagnostic yield and safety parameters of the Ion and Monarch platforms. A secondary objective was to elucidate radiographic features of nodules that predicted procedural success.
METHODS: A retrospective, 2-site cohort study of adult patients s…
Rank56.7
Other PubMed-indexed publicationResult signal: benefit
Chest · 2026 · PMID 41833807
BACKGROUND: Low-dose CT (LDCT) imaging screening reduces lung cancer mortality, the leading cause of cancer deaths globally. Segmentation-free deep learning (DL) models such as Sybil can improve screening efficiency but require extensive validation and possible improvement.
RESEARCH QUESTION: Can the integration of DL based on LDCT scans and clinical data improve lung cancer risk prediction?
STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Retrospective cohort data from 4 different screening programs, 1 used for model training and 3 used…
Evidence Syntheses67 records
Rank115.6
Systematic review or meta-analysis
The Journal of international medical research · 2026 · PMID 42396618
ObjectiveThis systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates the diagnostic performance of machine learning-based radiomics models for predicting epidermal growth factor receptor mutation status in Chinese patients with lung adenocarcinoma.MethodsFollowing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 guidelines and prospectively registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD420251273027), a systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochra…
Rank112.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement
The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery · 2026 · PMID 42081972
OBJECTIVE: Multimodal therapy is recommended for the optimal treatment of N2 positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Recent advancements in the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors and targeted therapy have dramatically changed the landscape of treatment. We reviewed recent trials and literature to develop consensus statements concerning the evaluation and treatment of potentially resectable NSCLC with N2 involvement.
METHODS: The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Clinical Practice Standards Committee a…
Rank112.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement
Archivos de bronconeumologia · 2026 · PMID 42276952
Accurate mediastinal nodal staging is essential for the management of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), as it refines prognosis, guides multimodal treatment, and improves survival. This joint consensus document from the Spanish Society of Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery (SEPAR) and the Spanish Society of Thoracic Surgeons (SECT) updates and expands the 2011 SEPAR guidelines, incorporating the 9th edition of the TNM classification and extending recommendations to the entire perioperative setting, including both p…
Rank110.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement
The Medical journal of Australia · 2026 · PMID 42438375
INTRODUCTION: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality in Australia. In July 2025, the Australian Government launched the National Lung Cancer Screening Program (the Program). The Program has been designed in accordance with the Medical Services Advisory Committee's recommendations. This article summarises the program guidelines, outlining Program parameters and delivery requirements. The screening and assessment pathway defines the Program structure. The purpose of the guidelines is to ensure safe, eff…
Rank110.0
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: harm
Preventive medicine · 2026 · PMID 42002084
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to synthesize evidence on the association between neighborhood socioeconomic status (n-SES) and lung cancer incidence and mortality risk.
METHODS: A systematic search of Web of Science (1900-), PubMed/MEDLINE (1948-), Scopus (1960-), Embase (1947-), and Cochrane (1993-) was conducted through March 18, 2026, without restrictions. Pooled relative effect estimates were calculated using random-effects models. Study quality was assessed via Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, and publication bias using E…
Rank109.8
Systematic review or meta-analysis
PloS one · 2026 · PMID 42418457
BACKGROUND: Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) have revolutionized the prognosis for patients with EGFR-mutant lung cancer. The emergence of the T790M resistance mutation compromises the efficacy of EGFR-TKI therapy. Therefore, assessing EGFR T790M mutation status during non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment is crucial for improving NSCLC prognosis.
METHOD: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science databases, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang as primary sources we…
Rank109.5
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Cancer treatment reviews · 2026 · PMID 42269396
BACKGROUND: Approximately 20-28% of NSCLC patients receiving ICIs also receive systemic antibiotics. Whether this reflects a true microbiome-mediated pharmacological interaction or confounding by indication remains unresolved.
METHODS: We searched PubMed, Scopus, and CENTRAL (2013-2025) for NSCLC studies reporting OS, PFS, or ORR by antibiotic exposure. Random-effects meta-analysis was performed, with mostly non-pre-specified subgroup analyses by study design, ICI class, antibiotic timing, and line-of-therapy, plus…
Rank108.6
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: harm
Annals of medicine · 2026 · PMID 41641734
BACKGROUND: The increasing use of chest imaging has led to a higher detection rate of incidental solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs), often causing patient anxiety. Determining the malignancy rate and associated risk factors is crucial for developing appropriate follow-up strategies to prevent overdiagnosis, overtreatment, or missed diagnoses. This meta-analysis aims to investigate the malignancy rate and risk factors in patients with incidental SPNs.
METHODS: A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, an…
Rank108.6
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Frontiers in immunology · 2026 · PMID 42459654
BACKGROUND: Primary pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (PLELC) is a rare subtype of non-small cell lung cancer characterized by pronounced regional clustering and high PD-L1 expression. Although early studies suggest that first-line immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy has application potential, we still lack large-sample systematic reviews and cross-high-incidence-area real-world validation.
METHODS: The electronic databases were systematically searched from inception until January 31, 2026. Studies co…
Rank108.6
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: null
Journal of robotic surgery · 2026 · PMID 42474630
The relative benefits of Robotic-assisted thoracoscopic segmentectomy (RATS) versus video-assisted thoracoscopic segmentectomy (VATS) for early-stage NSCLC remain uncertain. This meta-analysis compared perioperative outcomes, lymph node assessment, and postoperative safety between the two approaches. PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science were searched from inception to April 2026. Comparative studies of RATS versus VATS segmentectomy for early-stage NSCLC were included. Outcomes were pooled as weight…
Rank108.3
Systematic review or meta-analysis
PeerJ · 2026 · PMID 42433386
BACKGROUND: With the increasing use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in the first-line treatment of driver mutation-negative non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare efficacy and adverse effects (AEs) between PD-L1 inhibitors and PD-1 inhibitors.
METHODS: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) related to the first-line treatment of NSCLC with ICIs alone or in combination with …
Rank108.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026 · PMID 42229338
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The incidences and specific risk factors for cardiovascular adverse events (CVAEs) during osimertinib treatment remain uncertain.
METHODS: Studies in which participants with EGFR-mutated NSCLC who received osimertinib treatment with CVAEs were included. Treatment-emergent and treatment-related CVAEs were analysed separately. The primary outcomes were all grades and grades ≥ 3 QTc prolongation, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)decrease, 3-point major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE),…
Rank107.7
Systematic review or meta-analysis
The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2026 · PMID 42440312
RATIONALE: Lung cancer is typically a cancer of the elderly, with a median age at diagnosis of 71, and more than one third of the people diagnosed with lung cancer are over 75 years old. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionised the treatment of cancers, including lung cancer. ICIs targeting the programmed death-1/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) axis, administered in the neoadjuvant setting, the adjuvant setting, or both, are currently the standard of care for resectable non-small-cell lung can…
Rank107.6
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: benefit
Anticancer research · 2026 · PMID 42373241
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) is a receptor tyrosine kinase expressed in a subset of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Since the approval of crizotinib, which was the first ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), the treatment landscape has rapidly evolved with the development of multiple next-generation TKIs and investigational agents. A structured review of clinical trials registered on ClinicalTrials.gov was conducted to identify studies evaluating therapies in ALK-positive NSCLC, including phase…
Rank107.6
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: benefit
British journal of pharmacology · 2026 · PMID 41967859
Hand-foot skin reaction (HFSR) is a common adverse effect of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (VEGFR-TKIs), but its prognostic value remained disputable. In this study, we aimed to assess the association between HFSR and survival outcomes in cancer patients receiving VEGFR-TKIs. MEDLINE, Embase and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched from inception to 29 June 2025. Two authors independently selected cohort studies, extracted data and appraised the r…
Rank107.1
Systematic review or meta-analysis
CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2026 · PMID 41699769
IPSOS (NCT03191786) is a Phase III trial comparing atezolizumab (atezo) monotherapy to single-agent chemotherapy (gemcitabine or vinorelbine) in patients with treatment-naïve locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC unsuitable for platinum-doublet chemotherapy. The study demonstrated significant overall survival (OS) improvement in the atezo arm compared to single-agent chemotherapy, with a stratified hazard ratio (HR) of 0.78 (95% CI: 0.63-0.97; p = 0.028). Since the IPSOS control arm only allowed gemcitabine or vinor…
Rank107.1
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: benefit
Clinical lung cancer · 2026 · PMID 42247797
BACKGROUND: The benefit of neoadjuvant or perioperative chemoimmunotherapy in resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression < 1% remains uncertain, as evidence is largely derived from subgroup analyses. We conducted a systematic review and network meta-analysis to compare the efficacy of individual chemoimmunotherapy regimens in this population.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: Randomized controlled trials enrolling patients with resectable NSCLC and reporting outcomes for the…
Rank107.1
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: benefit
Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026 · PMID 42208366
BACKGROUND: Pulmonary large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) is a rare, aggressive malignancy with limited treatment options. Management often follows small-cell lung cancer regimens; however, the benefit of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) remains uncertain due to the absence of randomized trials. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the clinical impact of ICI-containing regimens in advanced LCNEC.
METHODS: A comprehensive literature search of PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library w…
Rank107.0
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: benefit
Medicine · 2026 · PMID 42499029
BACKGROUND: Both preclinical and retrospective studies have implicated β-adrenergic signaling in cancer progression, leading to interest in β-blockers (BBs) as adjunctive anticancer agents. There is evidence that they may enhance the sensitivity of cancer cells to radiotherapy and other conventional therapies. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the radiosensitizing effects of BBs.
METHODS: PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, t…
Rank106.3
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026 · PMID 42486074
BACKGROUND: Lung cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with few effective treatment options available for advanced stages. Canakinumab, an IL-1β inhibitor, has been investigated as a potential therapeutic agent due to its role in modulating tumor-promoting inflammation. However, its clinical efficacy and safety in NSCLC (non-small cell lung cancer) continue to be uncertain.
AIMS: We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of canakinumab compared with other standard therapies in NSC…
Rank106.1
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Annals of surgical oncology · 2026 · PMID 41838360
BACKGROUND: Pleural mesothelioma (PM) is a rare and aggressive malignancy with limited overall survival (OS) despite multimodal therapy. Cytoreductive surgery is the standard of care for selected patients. However, locoregional recurrence remains common. Hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy (HITHOC) has been proposed as an adjunct to enhance local disease control.
METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed according to PRISMA guidelines and registered in PROSPERO (CRD420251132268). This study …
Rank106.0
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: harm
Pulmonology · 2026 · PMID 42339520
BACKGROUND: Although smoking is a well-established risk factor for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) development, its impact on clinical outcomes remains unclear.
RESEARCH QUESTION: Is smoking associated with clinical outcomes of IPF?
METHODS: A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library was conducted to identify studies reporting associations between smoking status and IPF outcomes, including mortality, acute exacerbation (AE), lung cancer development, and baseline lung function. Summary estim…
Rank105.7
Systematic review or meta-analysis
JCO precision oncology · 2026 · PMID 42430698
PURPOSE: ROS1 rearrangements occur in approximately 1%-2% of non-small cell lung cancer and define a molecular subset characterized by marked sensitivity to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Although ROS1 inhibitors demonstrate high response rates, the potential impact of prior systemic chemotherapy exposure before ROS1 inhibition on subsequent ROS1-TKI efficacy has not been systematically evaluated.
METHODS: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective ROS1-TKI trials published through Decemb…
Rank105.6
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Anticancer research · 2026 · PMID 42373285
BACKGROUND/AIM: Relapsed small cell lung cancer (SCLC) treatment has limited evidence-based options. Solvent-based paclitaxel (PTX) and albumin-bound nanoparticle paclitaxel (nab-PTX) are commonly prescribed though never comprehensively quantified.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: A systematic review and single-arm meta-analysis was conducted (PROSPERO Registration: CRD42024592475). PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE were searched for interventional or observational studies reporting PTX or nab-PTX monothera…
Rank105.5
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: benefitCorrection flagged
JAMA oncology · 2026 · PMID 42240993
IMPORTANCE: For patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression of 50% or higher, programmed cell death 1 protein or PD-L1 (PD-[L]1) inhibitor monotherapy is commonly used as first-line therapy; however, whether adding chemotherapy improves outcomes in this population remains unknown.
OBJECTIVE: To compare overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) associated with PD-(L)1 inhibitor monotherapy vs chemoimmunotherapy in treatment-naive p…
Landmark Evidence50 records
Rank110.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement
Chest · 2025 · PMID 40562304
BACKGROUND: Lung cancer remains the number 1 cause of cancer death in men and women in the United States and much of the world. This CHEST organization guideline examines the literature on primary treatment of patients with stage I and II non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to provide evidence-based recommendations.
STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: An expert panel conducted a systematic review addressing the treatment options for patients with stage I/II NSCLC and applied the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Develop…
Rank109.6
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Chest · 2024 · PMID 38065405
BACKGROUND: Standard treatment for early-stage or locoregionally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) includes surgical resection. Recurrence after surgery is commonly reported, but a summary estimate for postsurgical recurrence-free survival (RFS) in patients with NSCLC is lacking.
RESEARCH QUESTION: What is the RFS after surgery in patients with stage I-III NSCLC at different time points, and what factors are associated with RFS?
STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: A systematic search was performed in MEDLINE, EMBAS…
Rank108.2
Systematic review or meta-analysis
European journal of surgical oncology : the journal of the European Society of Surgical Oncology and the British Association of Surgical Oncology · 2025 · PMID 41138294
OBJECTIVES: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death. Early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients can be eligible for surgical resection. Sarcopenia has emerged as a negative prognostic factor for overall survival across various cancer types. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to systematically evaluate the association between CT-derived sarcopenia and overall survival in NSCLC patients undergoing surgical treatment.
METHODS: A comprehensive systematic literature sea…
Rank107.4
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: harm
Anticancer research · 2025 · PMID 41006008
BACKGROUND/AIM: ALK receptor tyrosine kinase (ALK) rearrangements occur in 4-8% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and are often associated with aggressive clinical behavior. Although ALK-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors significantly improve overall survival in advanced-stage NSCLC, their role in early-stage disease remains unclear. This meta-analysis (PROSPERO CRD420251012874) aimed to systematically evaluate recurrence rates and disease-free survival (DFS) outcomes in surgically resected patients with ALK-…
Rank107.1
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Cancer treatment reviews · 2024 · PMID 39369455
Neoadjuvant immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) combined with chemotherapy has improved survival outcomes in locally-advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, its impact on surgery has not been fully elucidated. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare surgical outcomes between neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy and chemotherapy alone in resectable NSCLC. PubMed and Embase were searched to select randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating neoadjuvant ICB therapy for resectable NSCLC. T…
Rank107.1
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: harm
Frontiers in immunology · 2024 · PMID 39575263
BACKGROUND: Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally, with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounting for approximately 85% of cases. While immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed treatment for advanced NSCLC, the role of bone metastasis in modulating ICI efficacy remains unclear. Bone metastasis, occurring in 30-40% of advanced NSCLC cases, is associated with worse outcomes. However, how this affects the therapeutic benefit of ICIs has not been fully elucidated, highlighting…
Rank106.9
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: benefit
Thoracic cancer · 2024 · PMID 39380451
Prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) was recommended for limited-stage small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients with complete or partial response to primary chemoradiotherapy. But it is still controversial regarding its role in SCLC patients who have had radical resection. This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the efficacy of PCI in resected SCLC patients. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, CENTRAl, and ClinicalTrials for controlled trials and cohort studies regarding PCI in postoperative SCLC patients. The …
Rank105.7
Systematic review or meta-analysis
International immunopharmacology · 2022 · PMID 34883352
BACKGROUND: Immune checkpoint inhibitors have yielded significant treatment progress in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), while some special adverse events (AEs) named immune-related adverse events (irAEs) were observed in clinical trials. We aimed to systematically assess the incidences of AEs in immunotherapy of NSCLC.
METHODS: We searched randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, and ClinicalTrail.gov before May 2021, and grouped arms into 10 treatment categories. We extracted AE…
Rank105.5
Systematic review or meta-analysis
JCO precision oncology · 2024 · PMID 39576954
PURPOSE: The activity of osimertinib is not fully characterized in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with uncommon epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the safety and efficacy of osimertinib in patients with NSCLC harboring uncommon somatic EGFR mutations.
METHODS: PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched for eligible studies reporting the efficacy and safety of osimertinib in NSCLC with uncommon EGFR mutations defi…
Rank105.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Annals of medicine · 2022 · PMID 36128737
BACKGROUND: Studying sex differences in the efficacy of immunotherapy may contribute to the practice of the precision medicine, especially in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), a kind of cancer with sexual bimorphism.
METHODS: Published randomized controlled trials (RCTs), published by PubMed, Medline, Embase, and Scopus, before 15 June 2022, testing immunotherapy (CTLA-4 or PD-1/L1 inhibitor alone, combination or with chemotherapy) versus non-immunotherapy (receiving chemotherapy or placebo only) were included to…
Rank105.0
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: harm
World journal of surgical oncology · 2023 · PMID 37349739
BACKGROUND: Although several studies have confirmed the prognostic value of the consolidation to tumor ratio (CTR) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), there still remains controversial about it.
METHODS: We systematically searched the PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases from inception to April, 2022 for eligible studies that reported the correlation between CTR and prognosis in NSCLC. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were extracted and pooled to assess the overall effects. Het…
Rank104.3
Systematic review or meta-analysis
World journal of surgical oncology · 2025 · PMID 39893475
BACKGROUND: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) transforming to small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is one of the mechanisms of resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Cases of NSCLC transforming into SCLC have been discovered. However, we lack concentrated data on the characteristics of this population and the transformed SCLC to aid our insight of the biology and clinical value of NSCLC transforming with positive.
METHODS: We systematically reviewed the published literatures and summarized the pathological and …
Rank104.1
Systematic review or meta-analysis
The clinical respiratory journal · 2025 · PMID 40650339
OBJECTIVES: Lung cancer metastasis constitutes a critical aspect of disease progression and patient outcomes. It is imperative to illuminate the complex landscape of lung cancer metastasis, offering a thorough evaluation of sites, rates, risk factors, and survival implications.
METHODS: Studies on the prevalence of lung cancer metastasis, the risk factors, the overall survival (OS) after metastasis, or the risk factors for OS were included. Two independent reviewers used a standardized data extraction and quality a…
Rank104.0
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: harm
Journal of occupational and environmental hygiene · 2023 · PMID 37405865
Asbestos is a mineral that is carcinogenic to humans. Its use has been banned in many occidental countries yet it is still produced in the United States, and materials that contain asbestos remain in many occupational settings and indoor environments. Even though asbestos carcinogenicity is well known, there is scant literature on its specific effects regarding small cell lung cancer (SCLC). We therefore conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine SCLC risk among workers exposed to asbestos. A syst…
Rank103.9
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Immunotherapy · 2021 · PMID 34261336
This meta-analysis investigated the clinical benefits of chemo-immunotherapy in extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). Seven randomized controlled trials with a total of 2862 patients were analyzed. Compared with chemotherapy alone, chemo-immunotherapy provided a better progression-free survival (PFS) with a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.81, p < 0.00001, and overall survival (OS) with a HR of 0.82, p < 0.0001; however, the incidence of treatment-related adverse effects (TRAEs) was significantly increased. Subgr…
Rank103.5
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Pharmacology · 2023 · PMID 36470213
BACKGROUND: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for about 85% of generally reported lung cancer patients.
OBJECTIVES: This is a systematic review of the clinical efficacy and safety of osimertinib in treating epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation-positive advanced NSCLC.
METHODS: A network search was completed for clinical research literature (from inception of each database to May 30, 2020) on osimertinib for EGFR mutation-positive advanced NSCLC. Strict inclusion and exclusion criteria were for…
Rank103.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement
Journal of the American College of Radiology : JACR · 2019 · PMID 31054745
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in both men and women. The major risk factor for lung cancer is personal tobacco smoking, particularly for small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) and squamous cell lung cancers, but other significant risk factors include exposure to secondhand smoke, environmental radon, occupational exposures, and air pollution. Education and socioeconomic status affect both incidence and outcomes. Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), including adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma…
Rank102.8
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP · 2022 · PMID 35686412
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. A meta-analysis was conducted to assess the benefits and risks of neoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Online databases, including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and clinicaltrials.gov, were retrospectively and systematically searched for eligible trials from database inception to May 2021. A total of 792 patients from 21 clinical trials were included. For surgical data, the poole…
Rank102.8
Systematic review or meta-analysis
BMJ open · 2025 · PMID 40617617
OBJECTIVES: This systematic review and meta-analysis investigates the association between statin use and clinical outcomes in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, focusing on the therapeutic potential of statins and their impact on patient prognosis.
DESIGN: The review includes a mix of prospective and retrospective cohort studies and randomised controlled trials to assess the relationship between statin use and NSCLC outcomes. ROBINS-I tool was used for assessing risk of bias, ensuring methodological rigou…
Rank102.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Oncotarget · 2016 · PMID 27738317
OBJECTIVES: Estimate the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation prevalence in all non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and patient subgroups.
RESULTS: A total of 456 studies were included, reporting 30,466 patients with EGFR mutation among 115,815 NSCLC patients. The overall pooled prevalence for EGFR mutations was 32.3% (95% CI 30.9% to 33.7%), ranging from 38.4% (95% CI: 36.5% to 40.3%) in China to 14.1% (95% CI: 12.7% to 15.5%) in Europe. The pooled prevalence of EGFR mutation was higher in fema…
Rank101.5
Systematic review or meta-analysis
International journal of cancer · 2017 · PMID 28295308
Gefitinib, erlotinib and afatinib are three widely used epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR TKIs) for treating advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with proven efficacy. We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis to synthesize existing studies with direct comparisons of EGFR TKIs in NSCLC in terms of both efficacy and safety. Eight randomized trials and 82 cohort studies with a total of 17,621 patients were included for analysis. Gefitinib and erlotinib demonstrated comp…
Rank101.5
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Chest · 2022 · PMID 35026298
BACKGROUND: Patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and preexisting interstitial lung disease (ILD) are often excluded from clinical trials of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), leaving a gap in knowledge.
RESEARCH QUESTION: What are the clinical outcomes of ICIs in patients with NSCLC and preexisting ILD?
STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Systematic searches were conducted of PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library through April 2021 with no language or study design restrictions. Studies reporting the safety and e…
Rank101.3
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Bioscience reports · 2020 · PMID 32315071
BACKGROUND: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) emerged as the preferred therapy in advanced lung cancer, understanding the treatment- and immune-related adverse events of these drugs is of great significance for clinical practice.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library and major conference proceedings were systematically searched for all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in lung cancer using PD-1/PD-L1/CTLA-4 inhibitors. The outcomes included treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) and several …
Rank100.7
Systematic review or meta-analysis
International immunopharmacology · 2020 · PMID 32371246
BACKGROUND: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been identified as validated medications in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, they are often associated with immune-related adverse events (irAEs) including liver dysfunction. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review of the literature and performed a meta-analysis to ascertain overall incidence and risk of immune mediated liver dysfunction in NSCLC patients.
METHODS: PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase and ClinicalTrials.gov (http://clinicaltrials.…
Rank100.4
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Molecular diagnosis & therapy · 2022 · PMID 34813053
BACKGROUND: Identification of variable epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene mutations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is important for the selection of appropriate targeted therapies. This meta-analysis was conducted to provide a worldwide overview of EGFR mutation and submutation (specifically exon 19 deletions, exon 21 L858R substitutions, and others) prevalence, and identify important covariates that influence EGFR mutation status in patients with advanced NSCLC to address this clinical data gap.
M…
Most Effective Evidence Supported Treatments70 records
Rank112.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement
Archivos de bronconeumologia · 2026 · PMID 42276952
Accurate mediastinal nodal staging is essential for the management of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), as it refines prognosis, guides multimodal treatment, and improves survival. This joint consensus document from the Spanish Society of Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery (SEPAR) and the Spanish Society of Thoracic Surgeons (SECT) updates and expands the 2011 SEPAR guidelines, incorporating the 9th edition of the TNM classification and extending recommendations to the entire perioperative setting, including both p…
Rank112.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement
The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery · 2026 · PMID 42081972
OBJECTIVE: Multimodal therapy is recommended for the optimal treatment of N2 positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Recent advancements in the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors and targeted therapy have dramatically changed the landscape of treatment. We reviewed recent trials and literature to develop consensus statements concerning the evaluation and treatment of potentially resectable NSCLC with N2 involvement.
METHODS: The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Clinical Practice Standards Committee a…
Rank109.8
Systematic review or meta-analysis
PloS one · 2026 · PMID 42418457
BACKGROUND: Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) have revolutionized the prognosis for patients with EGFR-mutant lung cancer. The emergence of the T790M resistance mutation compromises the efficacy of EGFR-TKI therapy. Therefore, assessing EGFR T790M mutation status during non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment is crucial for improving NSCLC prognosis.
METHOD: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science databases, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang as primary sources we…
Rank109.5
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Cancer treatment reviews · 2026 · PMID 42269396
BACKGROUND: Approximately 20-28% of NSCLC patients receiving ICIs also receive systemic antibiotics. Whether this reflects a true microbiome-mediated pharmacological interaction or confounding by indication remains unresolved.
METHODS: We searched PubMed, Scopus, and CENTRAL (2013-2025) for NSCLC studies reporting OS, PFS, or ORR by antibiotic exposure. Random-effects meta-analysis was performed, with mostly non-pre-specified subgroup analyses by study design, ICI class, antibiotic timing, and line-of-therapy, plus…
Rank108.6
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Frontiers in immunology · 2026 · PMID 42459654
BACKGROUND: Primary pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (PLELC) is a rare subtype of non-small cell lung cancer characterized by pronounced regional clustering and high PD-L1 expression. Although early studies suggest that first-line immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy has application potential, we still lack large-sample systematic reviews and cross-high-incidence-area real-world validation.
METHODS: The electronic databases were systematically searched from inception until January 31, 2026. Studies co…
Rank108.6
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: null
Journal of robotic surgery · 2026 · PMID 42474630
The relative benefits of Robotic-assisted thoracoscopic segmentectomy (RATS) versus video-assisted thoracoscopic segmentectomy (VATS) for early-stage NSCLC remain uncertain. This meta-analysis compared perioperative outcomes, lymph node assessment, and postoperative safety between the two approaches. PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science were searched from inception to April 2026. Comparative studies of RATS versus VATS segmentectomy for early-stage NSCLC were included. Outcomes were pooled as weight…
Rank108.3
Systematic review or meta-analysis
PeerJ · 2026 · PMID 42433386
BACKGROUND: With the increasing use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in the first-line treatment of driver mutation-negative non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare efficacy and adverse effects (AEs) between PD-L1 inhibitors and PD-1 inhibitors.
METHODS: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) related to the first-line treatment of NSCLC with ICIs alone or in combination with …
Rank107.7
Systematic review or meta-analysis
The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2026 · PMID 42440312
RATIONALE: Lung cancer is typically a cancer of the elderly, with a median age at diagnosis of 71, and more than one third of the people diagnosed with lung cancer are over 75 years old. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionised the treatment of cancers, including lung cancer. ICIs targeting the programmed death-1/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) axis, administered in the neoadjuvant setting, the adjuvant setting, or both, are currently the standard of care for resectable non-small-cell lung can…
Rank107.6
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: benefit
Anticancer research · 2026 · PMID 42373241
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) is a receptor tyrosine kinase expressed in a subset of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Since the approval of crizotinib, which was the first ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), the treatment landscape has rapidly evolved with the development of multiple next-generation TKIs and investigational agents. A structured review of clinical trials registered on ClinicalTrials.gov was conducted to identify studies evaluating therapies in ALK-positive NSCLC, including phase…
Rank107.6
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: benefit
British journal of pharmacology · 2026 · PMID 41967859
Hand-foot skin reaction (HFSR) is a common adverse effect of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (VEGFR-TKIs), but its prognostic value remained disputable. In this study, we aimed to assess the association between HFSR and survival outcomes in cancer patients receiving VEGFR-TKIs. MEDLINE, Embase and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched from inception to 29 June 2025. Two authors independently selected cohort studies, extracted data and appraised the r…
Rank107.1
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: benefit
Clinical lung cancer · 2026 · PMID 42247797
BACKGROUND: The benefit of neoadjuvant or perioperative chemoimmunotherapy in resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression < 1% remains uncertain, as evidence is largely derived from subgroup analyses. We conducted a systematic review and network meta-analysis to compare the efficacy of individual chemoimmunotherapy regimens in this population.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: Randomized controlled trials enrolling patients with resectable NSCLC and reporting outcomes for the…
Rank107.1
Systematic review or meta-analysis
CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2026 · PMID 41699769
IPSOS (NCT03191786) is a Phase III trial comparing atezolizumab (atezo) monotherapy to single-agent chemotherapy (gemcitabine or vinorelbine) in patients with treatment-naïve locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC unsuitable for platinum-doublet chemotherapy. The study demonstrated significant overall survival (OS) improvement in the atezo arm compared to single-agent chemotherapy, with a stratified hazard ratio (HR) of 0.78 (95% CI: 0.63-0.97; p = 0.028). Since the IPSOS control arm only allowed gemcitabine or vinor…
Rank107.0
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: benefit
Medicine · 2026 · PMID 42499029
BACKGROUND: Both preclinical and retrospective studies have implicated β-adrenergic signaling in cancer progression, leading to interest in β-blockers (BBs) as adjunctive anticancer agents. There is evidence that they may enhance the sensitivity of cancer cells to radiotherapy and other conventional therapies. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the radiosensitizing effects of BBs.
METHODS: PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, t…
Rank106.3
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026 · PMID 42486074
BACKGROUND: Lung cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with few effective treatment options available for advanced stages. Canakinumab, an IL-1β inhibitor, has been investigated as a potential therapeutic agent due to its role in modulating tumor-promoting inflammation. However, its clinical efficacy and safety in NSCLC (non-small cell lung cancer) continue to be uncertain.
AIMS: We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of canakinumab compared with other standard therapies in NSC…
Rank105.7
Systematic review or meta-analysis
JCO precision oncology · 2026 · PMID 42430698
PURPOSE: ROS1 rearrangements occur in approximately 1%-2% of non-small cell lung cancer and define a molecular subset characterized by marked sensitivity to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Although ROS1 inhibitors demonstrate high response rates, the potential impact of prior systemic chemotherapy exposure before ROS1 inhibition on subsequent ROS1-TKI efficacy has not been systematically evaluated.
METHODS: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective ROS1-TKI trials published through Decemb…
Rank105.6
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Anticancer research · 2026 · PMID 42373285
BACKGROUND/AIM: Relapsed small cell lung cancer (SCLC) treatment has limited evidence-based options. Solvent-based paclitaxel (PTX) and albumin-bound nanoparticle paclitaxel (nab-PTX) are commonly prescribed though never comprehensively quantified.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: A systematic review and single-arm meta-analysis was conducted (PROSPERO Registration: CRD42024592475). PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE were searched for interventional or observational studies reporting PTX or nab-PTX monothera…
Rank105.5
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: benefitCorrection flagged
JAMA oncology · 2026 · PMID 42240993
IMPORTANCE: For patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression of 50% or higher, programmed cell death 1 protein or PD-L1 (PD-[L]1) inhibitor monotherapy is commonly used as first-line therapy; however, whether adding chemotherapy improves outcomes in this population remains unknown.
OBJECTIVE: To compare overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) associated with PD-(L)1 inhibitor monotherapy vs chemoimmunotherapy in treatment-naive p…
Rank105.4
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia · 2026 · PMID 42140114
BACKGROUND: Leptomeningeal disease (LMD) is an increasingly recognised late-stage complication of solid tumours (primarily melanoma, lung and breast cancers). It involves dissemination to the leptomeninges surrounding the brain and spinal cord and carries a poor prognosis ranging from 2-6 months. Recent advances in emerging therapies such as CNS-active targeted therapy, intrathecal agents, and early-phase immunotherapy necessitate an updated appraisal of prospective data.
METHODS: A systematic search of MEDLINE, Em…
Rank105.2
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Pulmonology · 2026 · PMID 41810601
BACKGROUND: The incidence of lung diseases has been increasing in recent years, especially lung cancer and interstitial lung disease. However, the diagnosis of lung diseases such as lung cancer and ILD still has some limitations. Therefore, finding an appropriate imaging agent and technique is of great clinical value for the diagnostic evaluation of lung diseases.
METHOD: A thorough search of all relevant literature up to 20 June 2024 was undertaken. Studies evaluating lung lesions with FAPI PET were screened and p…
Rank104.2
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: null
Thoracic cancer · 2026 · PMID 42414222
BACKGROUND: The prognostic significance of EGFR mutations in resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains uncertain despite their established predictive value in advanced disease. We assessed the prognostic impact of EGFR mutation status on recurrence and disease-free survival (DFS) in resected stage I-III NSCLC.
METHODS: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library to identify studies of resected stage I-III NSCLC reporting recurrence or DFS according to EGFR…
Rank104.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Thoracic cancer · 2026 · PMID 42453006
Recurrence after curative treatment remains a major challenge in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Molecular-based prediction models may improve risk stratification and support personalized surveillance strategies. To identify and evaluate molecular-based risk prediction models for recurrence and survival following curative treatment of early-stage NSCLC. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines and a published PROSPERO protocol. MEDLINE, EMBASE, and th…
Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Psychiatry research · 2026 · PMID 42184575
Mental health disorders frequently co-occur with oncological conditions, prompting an umbrella review(UR) to summarize meta-analytic evidence about the outcomes of pharmacological, psychosocial, and brain-stimulation interventions for psychiatric disorders in oncologic populations. We performed an UR of meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials(RCTs) documenting the efficacy of interventions for mental disorders in people with cancer(November 2, 2025). Re-calculated meta-analytic estimates employed the GRADE cr…
Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Critical reviews in oncology/hematology · 2026 · PMID 41720325
AIM: By 2026, several PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies were approved by FDA, EMA and non-EU Eastern European countries for the first-line therapy in advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (nsNSCLC) without EGFR mutations or ALK alterations. This study aimed to compare overall (OS) and progression-free (PFS) survival among anti-PD-1/PD-L1-containing regimens and to evaluate the immunotherapy effect modification due to PD-L1 expression.
METHODS: A systematic search in MEDLINE and Embase on December 23, 2025 identified…
Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Cancer medicine · 2026 · PMID 42484063
BACKGROUND: Osimertinib has reshaped the treatment of EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but its high cost raises persistent questions about value for money.
OBJECTIVES: To review economic evaluations of osimertinib in EGFR-mutated NSCLC and identify the drivers of cost-effectiveness across first-line, second-line/sequential, and adjuvant settings in North America and Europe.
METHODS: This review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD420251139947) and conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020. We searched P…
Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Cancer medicine · 2024 · PMID 38741546
INTRODUCTION: To date, lung cancer is one of the most lethal diagnoses worldwide. A variety of lung cancer treatments and modalities are available, which are generally presented during the patient and doctor consultation. The implementation of decision tools to facilitate patient's decision-making and the management of their healthcare process during medical consultation is fundamental. Studies have demonstrated that decision tools are helpful to promote health management and decision-making of lung cancer patients…
New Research Last 24 Months60 records
Rank106.0
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: harm
Pulmonology · 2026 · PMID 42339520
BACKGROUND: Although smoking is a well-established risk factor for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) development, its impact on clinical outcomes remains unclear.
RESEARCH QUESTION: Is smoking associated with clinical outcomes of IPF?
METHODS: A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library was conducted to identify studies reporting associations between smoking status and IPF outcomes, including mortality, acute exacerbation (AE), lung cancer development, and baseline lung function. Summary estim…
Rank96.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Journal of medical economics · 2026 · PMID 42043888
BACKGROUND: Lorlatinib is a third-generation anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) with high central nervous system penetration and activity against resistance mutations. Although its clinical efficacy as first-line treatment for ALK-positive advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been demonstrated, its economic value within the Italian healthcare system remains to be fully established. This study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of lorlatinib compared with alectinib as first-lin…
Rank96.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Asia-Pacific journal of oncology nursing · 2026 · PMID 42472225
OBJECTIVE: To identify, evaluate, and synthesize the best available evidence for respiratory function training (RFT) in perioperative patients with lung cancer, with the aim of providing guidance for clinical practice and facilitating evidence-based decision-making.
METHODS: A dual design of scoping review and evidence synthesis was adopted. We comprehensively searched 9 Chinese and English academic databases, and 13 clinical guideline and professional society platforms, from the inception of each database to Febru…
Rank88.0
Randomized clinical study
Medical gas research · 2026 · PMID 42157432
FactsPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) is a minimally invasive anticancer modality based on the light-mediated activation of photosensitizers to generate reactive oxygen species and induce tumor cell death.PDT has demonstrated clinical efficacy in treating various tumor types, including esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, lung cancer, skin cancer, bladder cancer, cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, and glioblastoma.The antitumor effects of PDT are mediated not only by direct tumor cell killing but also by vascular damage, imm…
Rank77.8
Multicenter clinical study
Annals of medicine · 2026 · PMID 41992828
BACKGROUND: To develop and validate an integrated radiopathomics nomogram combining multiphase CT images, H&E-stained slides, and clinicopathological variables for predicting microvascular patterns (MVPs) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
METHODS: We retrospectively included consecutive surgically resected NSCLC patients from two centers (n = 258). Patients from center 1 were randomly divided into training and internal validation cohorts, while patients from center 2 formed external validation cohort. CD34-imm…
Rank77.0
Phase II clinical trial
Oncoimmunology · 2026 · PMID 42126144
Retrospective characterization of cell‒cell relationships in the tumor microenvironment provides significantly better predictive power than PD-L1 expression, tumor mutational burden (TMB), or gene expression profiles. In this small study assessing the safety and possible efficacy of gemcitabine and pembrolizumab in immunotherapy-naïve patients with NSCLC who have received prior treatment, we investigated both standard and novel immune parameters in 16 enrolled patients (NCT03083808). The combination of gemcitabine …
Rank77.0
Phase II clinical trial
Oncoimmunology · 2026 · PMID 41732954
Checkpoint blockade of PD-1 with pembrolizumab provides long-term survival to a significant proportion of patients with metastatic melanoma. Pembrolizumab has been successfully used in combination with chemotherapy in non-small-cell lung cancer to increase the response rate. This phase II trial combined pembrolizumab with carboplatin/paclitaxel (CP) to assess its safety and efficacy, and to identify correlates of responses. Thirty patients without prior immunotherapy for unresectable/metastatic melanoma were treate…
Rank75.0
Multicenter clinical study
Annals of medicine · 2026 · PMID 42145107
OBJECTIVES: While immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) continue to transform the neoadjuvant treatment, its association with postoperative acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF) remains unexplored. This study aims to assess the association between neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy (nICT) and postoperative AHRF risk following thoracic tumour surgeries and identify the risk subgroups.
METHODS: This retrospective two-centre cohort study included 327 patients receiving nICT (n = 167) or neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy (…
Rank54.4
Other PubMed-indexed publication
Annals of human biology · 2026 · PMID 42446284
BACKGROUND: Chronic inflammation is implicated in lung cancer pathogenesis. Inflammation-related haematologic indices are accessible biomarkers, but their associations with lung cancer risk and mortality in the general US population are not well-established.
AIM: To investigate the associations of five inflammation-related haematologic indices (NLR, MLR, NMLR, ALI, PIV) with lung cancer risk and all-cause mortality among US adults.
SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This population-based study analysed 47,862 adults from the 19…
Rank52.2
Other PubMed-indexed publication
Computer assisted surgery (Abingdon, England) · 2026 · PMID 42172197
Spread through air spaces (STAS) is recognized as an aggressive pattern of invasion in lung cancer and has been associated with poorer survival outcomes. However, STAS is frequently overlooked or misdiagnosed during routine pathological diagnosis. We analyzed 129 pathological slides from 91 STAS-positive patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). An artificial intelligence framework consisting of a tumor region segmentation algorithm and an object detection algorithm was developed. The segmentation algorithm…
Rank51.4
Other PubMed-indexed publication
Asia-Pacific journal of oncology nursing · 2026 · PMID 42369381
OBJECTIVE: To characterize heterogeneity in physical activity (PA) trajectories among patients with lung cancer during early chemotherapy and examine associated demographic, clinical, and psychosocial factors.
METHODS: This longitudinal study enrolled 155 patients initiating chemotherapy at the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University in Anhui Province, China. PA was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form at baseline and before the second, third, and fourth cycles. …
Rank50.0
Other PubMed-indexed publication
European journal of radiology open · 2026 · PMID 42502844
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate agreement and workflow implications of fully automated AI-based coronary artery calcification (CAC) quantification on non-ECG-gated low-dose CT in lung cancer screening, compared with semi-automated (SA) and visual assessment.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this retrospective single-center study, 323 participants (55.7% male; median age 61 years; 52-79 years) undergoing low-dose CT for lung cancer screening were included. CAC was quantified using SA and AI-based Agatston scoring. Two readers perf…
Rank50.0
Other PubMed-indexed publication
Asia-Pacific journal of oncology nursing · 2026 · PMID 42039773
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to investigate the potential profile of decision-making conflicts in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, and to explore the mediating role of financial toxicity between psychological resilience and decision-making conflicts.
METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted to analyze 310 patients with early-stage NSCLC who visited a tertiary Grade A oncology hospital in Beijing, China from August 2023 to April 2024. General information questionnaires, the Canc…
Rank49.8
Other PubMed-indexed publication
Oncoimmunology · 2026 · PMID 42141789
OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy and safety of a sequential combination of chemoradiotherapy (CRT) with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) administered as induction plus consolidation versus consolidation-only in patients with unresectable stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
METHODS: This retrospective study enrolled 265 patients treated at two centers between March 2019 and August 2023. Patients were categorized into a consolidation-only group (n = 153) and an induction plus consolidation group (n = 1…
Rank49.5
Other PubMed-indexed publication
European journal of radiology open · 2026 · PMID 42376198
PURPOSE: This study aimed to develop and validate a radiomics-based model derived from contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CE-CT) to predict 3-year disease progression in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) receiving anti-PD1 immunotherapy.
METHODS: A total of 173 patients with NSCLC undergoing anti-PD1 immunotherapy were retrospectively enrolled. We developed a integrated model based on Radscore by selecting radiomics features from target lesions (TL) and clinical features derived from pretreatment…
Rank49.3
Other PubMed-indexed publication
Annals of medicine · 2026 · PMID 42262976
BACKGROUND: Pulmonary nodules are common on chest CT in bronchiectasis (BE) patients. This study identifies risk factors for nodule malignancy in BE patients with pulmonary nodules.
METHOD: We screened BE patients who underwent chest CT at Second Xiangya Hospital from Jan 1, 2019 to Mar 31, 2025. Only patients with pulmonary nodules and pathological results were enrolled. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were performed to identify independent predictors of malignancy.
RESULTS: , Of 143 patients, 28 h…
Rank49.0
Other PubMed-indexed publication
Annals of medicine · 2026 · PMID 42312599
BACKGROUND: This study investigates the correlation between blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage and cognitive impairment in patients suffering from untreated lung cancer. The study aims to understand the impact of BBB permeability on cognitive function and brain structure in this patient population.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study included 104 lung cancer patients and 40 healthy individuals as controls. The permeability of the blood-brain barrier was evaluated using dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imagin…
Rank49.0
Other PubMed-indexed publication
Asia-Pacific journal of oncology nursing · 2026 · PMID 42326873
OBJECTIVE: Evidence suggests that individuals with higher death literacy levels are more capable of planning their own end-of-life care. Lung cancer has the highest mortality among all cancers; therefore, early clarification of preferences for life-sustaining treatments (LSTs) represents an important and urgent clinical concern. This study aimed to examine the association between death literacy and preferences for LSTs among patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
METHODS: This cross-sectional st…
Rank48.0
Other PubMed-indexed publication
Asia-Pacific journal of oncology nursing · 2026 · PMID 42376612
OBJECTIVE: To develop and preliminarily validate a theory-driven, nursing-relevant scale measuring sources of decision hesitation for patients with lung cancer who have been invited to participate in drug clinical trials.
METHODS: A two-stage cross-sectional study was conducted between April 2024 and September 2025. The initial item pool was established via literature review and semi-structured patient interviews. Two rounds of Delphi consultation and pre-testing were conducted to form the preliminary scale. A tota…
Rank47.7
Other PubMed-indexed publication
PEC innovation · 2026 · PMID 42440969
OBJECTIVES: Primary care visits average 15 min or less, limiting physician time for engaging in detailed shared decision-making. The ZIP approach-Zeroing in on Individualized, Patient-Centered Decisions-offers a practical path to improving decisions within time constraints. This study assesses the feasibility and acceptability of the ZIP approach in facilitating patient-centered decision-making for lung cancer screening (LCS) and blood pressure (BP) management in primary care.
METHODS: Multiple-methods study using …
Rank47.4
Other PubMed-indexed publication
Asia-Pacific journal of oncology nursing · 2026 · PMID 42039774
OBJECTIVE: As neoadjuvant immunotherapy becomes increasingly incorporated into clinical trial protocols for lung cancer, patients are required to make complex decisions under conditions of uncertainty. However, the dynamic processes underlying their decision-making remain insufficiently understood.
METHODS: A qualitative study informed by grounded theory methodology was conducted at the Clinical Trial Center of the Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. In-depth, semi-structured interviews were perfo…
Rank47.0
Other PubMed-indexed publication
IBRO neuroscience reports · 2026 · PMID 42499996
BACKGROUND: Cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) is increasingly recognized in patients with non-central nervous system malignancies, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), although evidence on pre-treatment cognitive functioning and associated psychosocial factors remains limited. This exploratory study investigated baseline cognitive functioning in NSCLC patients before oncological treatment and examined the role of cognitive reserve, emotional distress, sleep quality, and subjective cognitive compla…
Rank47.0
Other PubMed-indexed publication
Lung cancer management · 2026 · PMID 42505144
INTRODUCTION: Although sequential treatment with ALK-TKIs for ALK-positive lung cancer is commonly practiced in clinical settings, there are few reports on the actual treatment choices, efficacy and safety.
METHODS: This retrospective study evaluated the treatment sequence, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and adverse events (AEs) for the patients who received two or more ALK-TKIs.
RESULTS: Eleven patients were included in the study. The median age was 59 years, and five patients (45.5%) were…
Rank45.0
Other PubMed-indexed publication
Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy · 2026 · PMID 42248005
A MIL-53(Al)-functionalized terahertz metasurface sensor was developed for the room-temperature detection of styrene, a potential volatile biomarker associated with lung cancer. The sensor combines the localized electromagnetic field enhancement of the terahertz metasurface with the adsorption enrichment capability of MIL-53(Al). Benefiting from the flexible one-dimensional channels, the size-compatible pore environment of MIL-53(Al), and the possible π-π and host-guest interactions between styrene molecules and th…
Rank45.0
Other PubMed-indexed publication
Gut microbes · 2026 · PMID 42454784
The gut microbiome is increasingly recognized as a key modulator of cancer immunotherapy efficacy. Given that diet is one of the most important determinants of the gut microbiome composition and function, nutritional strategies have emerged as promising tools to modulate anti-tumor immune responses. Here, we demonstrate that dietary supplementation with inulin reduces tumor growth and enhances αPD-1 efficacy in mice. These effects were associated with increased frequencies of intra-tumoral CD8⁺ and CD4⁺ T cells, pa…
Preclinical Research60 records
Rank45.0
Other PubMed-indexed publication
Annals of medicine · 2026 · PMID 41758238
BACKGROUND: Bone cancer pain (BCP) is one of the most severe complications faced by cancer patients, with complex physiological and pathological mechanisms and unclear molecular characteristics.
METHODS: The BCP model was established by inoculating Lewis lung cancer cells into the femur to induce hyperalgesia and spontaneous pain. Single-cell RNA sequencing technology was used to characterize the cell composition and molecular features of the L2-L4 spinal cord after BCP modelling.
RESULTS: Our research results iden…
Rank45.0
Other PubMed-indexed publication
Tissue & cell · 2026 · PMID 41990697
OPA is an infectious viral disease of sheep. JSRV, which causes the disease, is a slow virus and has oncogenic properties. There are two recognized forms of the disease, classical and atypical. These forms are very important in the prognosis and pathogenicity of the tumor. Although there are many diagnostic, prevalence and pathogenesis studies on the disease, these studies are not enough to explain the ER stress and apoptosis caused by the agent in cells. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the pathogenesis o…
Rank45.0
Other PubMed-indexed publication
Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP · 2026 · PMID 42373004
Interpretation of inhalation carcinogenicity studies for poorly soluble particles requires explicit consideration of lung particle overload in relation to maximum tolerated dose (MTD). In the NTP talc inhalation study, lung tumors occurred in female rats following chronic exposure to 18 mg/m3. Detailed analysis of lung burden data shows that both 6 and 18 mg/m3 exposures resulted in lung overload, with lung volume burdens at 18 mg/m3 exceeding 10 μL/g lung, a level associated with clearance cessation. Together with…
Rank35.0
Case report
Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026 · PMID 41700896
Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) mutations account for approximately 3% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Currently, targeted therapies for HER2-mutant NSCLC include HER2 tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and HER2 Antibody-drug conjugates (ADC). However, resistance often develops, and effective treatments for HER2 mutations remain lacking. We report a case of HER2-mutant lung adenocarcinoma where the patient developed resistance and severe interstitial lung disease following antibody-dr…
Rank32.0
Preclinical or laboratory study
Toxicology and applied pharmacology · 2026 · PMID 42214696
Glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), a widely used industrial epoxy monomer, is classified as a Group 2A carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) is a critical phase II detoxifying enzyme that maintains cellular redox homeostasis and is frequently upregulated in lung cancer. However, the molecular mechanism of GMA-induced lung adenocarcinoma remains unclear, particularly the regulatory role of NQO1 in this malignant process. This study aimed to investigate NQO1 …
Rank31.0
Preclinical or laboratory study
Pharmaceutical biology · 2026 · PMID 41858052
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Curcumin, a dietary polyphenol derived from turmeric, has been widely studied for its anti-cancer properties, yet its effects at clinically relevant concentrations remain unclear. This study investigates the anti-cancer effects of curcumin at low in vitro concentrations selected based on reported plasma ranges using in vitro lung and CRC models, with a focus on underlying cellular mechanisms.
METHODS: Curcumin was tested at 4, 10, 20, and 50 µg/mL in two CRC cell lines (Caco-2 and HT29) and t…
Rank30.0
Preclinical or laboratory study
International immunopharmacology · 2026 · PMID 42275921
Chronic respiratory diseases pose a major global public health challenge, and the role of metabolic reprogramming in their pathogenesis has attracted increasing attention. Mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (FAO) is a core energy metabolic pathway that not only fuels pulmonary tissues but also participates in essential physiological processes such as alveolar surfactant synthesis. This review outlines the molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial FAO and focuses on its complex regulatory roles in chronic obstructive pu…
Rank30.0
Preclinical or laboratory study
Annals of medicine · 2026 · PMID 41869709
INTRODUCTION: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) initially responds well to cisplatin-based chemotherapy, but rapid development of drug resistance limits long-term efficacy and subsequent treatment options. Understanding the multifactorial mechanisms of cisplatin resistance is essential for improving patient outcomes. This review synthesizes recent preclinical and clinical advances, focusing on seven key resistance mechanisms and emerging therapeutic strategies, including immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and novel chemo…
Rank30.0
Preclinical or laboratory study
Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) · 2026 · PMID 42285201
Triphenyl phosphate (TPP) is a widely utilized organophosphorus flame retardant that has drawn increasing attention due to its persistence in the environment and potential toxicity. However, its involvement in cancer progression has not been fully explored. This study investigated the potential influence of environmentally relevant low-dose exposure to TPP on the progression of lung adenocarcinoma. Bioinformatics analyses revealed strong associations among TPP-related genes, lung cancer, and inflammatory signaling …
Rank30.0
Preclinical or laboratory study
Cancer biology & therapy · 2026 · PMID 42100892
BACKGROUND: Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the deadliest malignancies in the world. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) plays an important role in the progression of NSCLC. Bruceine D is a bioactive quassinoid compound extracted from Brucea javanica, a plant widely used in traditional Chinese medicine.
METHODS: Tests of cell function were performed to observe the effects of bruceine D on human NSCLC cell lines (H460, PC-9, and SKMES-1). Levels of STAT3, phosphorylated STAT3, Sur…
Rank30.0
Preclinical or laboratory study
Bioorganic chemistry · 2026 · PMID 42217500
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains the most prevalent and lethal form of lung cancer, highlighting an urgent need for novel therapeutic agents. Given its status as a critical hub for tumor bioenergetics, mitochondrial complex I has emerged as a promising therapeutic target. In this study, to optimize the efficacy of our previously identified mitochondrial complex I inhibitor DBI-2, we designed and synthesized 27 novel isoflavone derivatives. Among them, compound IV-16 exhibited the most potent antiprolifera…
Rank30.0
Preclinical or laboratory study
Cellular signalling · 2026 · PMID 42114788
BACKGROUND: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains a prevalent and malignant cancer globally, characterized by chemotherapy resistance. The aim of this study was focused on the potential of ginsenoside (Gn)-Rh2 from ginseng exosomes (Gn-Exos), a primary bioactive constituent of Panax ginseng, to enhance chemotherapy sensitivity in NSCLC.
METHODS: In this study, Gn-Exo was isolated and identified. The intake and internal organ distribution of PKH26-labelled Gn-Exos was detected using immunofluorescence and in vi…
Rank30.0
Preclinical or laboratory study
Pharmaceutical biology · 2026 · PMID 41858068
CONTEXT: Rabdosin B (RB), an active compound derived from the Chinese herb Isodon japonicus (Burm. f.) H. Hara, has demonstrated inhibitory effects on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell proliferation in prior studies. However, its precise mechanism of action remains unclear.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the mechanism of RB against NSCLC and its synergistic effect with cisplatin (CDDP) via the SRC/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: In vitro assays, CCK-8, colony formation, flow cytometry, scratch, …
Rank30.0
Preclinical or laboratory study
International immunopharmacology · 2026 · PMID 42322857
Lung cancer is a malignant tumor of the bronchial mucosa or glands, with the fastest increasing incidence and mortality rates. In this study, we elucidated for the mechanism of prevention of tobacco-specific nitrosamine (NNK)-induced lung carcinogenesis by Ligustilide (LIG), an active ingredient of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), through activation of the cGAS-STING innate immune pathway. In the NNK-treated A/J mouse model, LIG (10/40 mg/kg) intervention significantly ameliorated lung histopathological injury, …
Rank30.0
Preclinical or laboratory study
Artificial cells, nanomedicine, and biotechnology · 2026 · PMID 42467848
This work reports the development and systematic evaluation of a carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-based nanocarrier system co-loaded with cerium oxide (CeO2) and carbon quantum dots (CQDs) for pH-responsive delivery of quercetin (QC) and in vitro evaluation in lung cancer cells. The nanocarriers were prepared using a water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) double emulsion approach, yielding spherical particles with an average size of approximately 134 nm and a high positive surface charge (+66 mV), indicative of favourable coll…
Rank30.0
Preclinical or laboratory study
Cancer biology & therapy · 2026 · PMID 41481002
BACKGROUND: The potential of Lenvatinib to synergize with combined radiotherapy and immunotherapy in LUAD remains incompletely characterized.
METHODS: We investigated Lenvatinib's effects on radiation-induced PD-L1 in LUAD cells and VEGFR2 in HUVECs via Western blot, VEGFA expression via RT-qPCR/ELISA, and angiogenesis via immunofluorescence. LUAD-HUVEC crosstalk was modeled in vitro. In C57BL/6 mice bearing LUAD tumors, we evaluated the efficacy of RT and anti-PD-L1 with or without Lenvatinib, monitoring tumor gro…
Rank30.0
Preclinical or laboratory study
Journal of inorganic biochemistry · 2026 · PMID 42107416
Four novel ruthenium complexes, Ru1-Ru4, were synthesized and characterized, with the general formula [Ru(L)(bipy)(dppb)]PF6, where bipy = 2,2'-bipyridine, dppb = 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphine)butane, and L corresponds to morpholine-vanilline thiosemicarbazone ligands (VMTSC){(L1 = 2-(3-methoxy-4-(2-morpholinoethoxy)benzylidene)-hydrazine-1-carbothioamide; L2 = 2-(3-methoxy-4-(2-morpholinoethoxy)benzylidene)-N-methylhydrazine-1-carbothioamide; L3 = 2-(3-methoxy-4-(2-morpholinoethoxy)benzylidene)-N-ethylhydrazine-1-carb…
Rank30.0
Preclinical or laboratory study
European journal of medicinal chemistry · 2026 · PMID 42134160
c-Met inhibitors have demonstrated encouraging efficacy in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. However, some of these drugs are conditionally approved and still face certain limitations and challenges, primarily manifested as poor blood-brain barrier penetration, off-target toxicity, drug resistance, and low oral bioavailability. These factors restrict their clinical efficacy and widespread application. To discover novel c-Met inhibitors with high potency, minimal toxic side effects, and the ability to pen…
Rank30.0
Preclinical or laboratory study
Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters · 2026 · PMID 42070755
A novel series of heterocyclic compounds was developed, synthesized, and assessed for their in vitro anticancer efficacy and EGFR inhibitory activities. The cytotoxicity of the synthesized compounds was evaluated against A-549 and NCI-H460 lung cancer cell lines, as well as normal HEK-293 cells, using erlotinib and doxorubicin as reference standards. Multiple compounds had considerable anticancer efficacy, with 8f and 8g identified as the most effective possibilities, with IC₅₀ values ranging from 2.53 to 6.51 μM, …
Rank30.0
Preclinical or laboratory study
Bioorganic chemistry · 2026 · PMID 42413401
A series of new dihydropyrano[2,3-b]indoles were designed, synthesized, and meticulously evaluated for their antiproliferative activities against multiple human tumor cell lines, including A549, MCF-7, DU145, HeLa, and HepG2 cells. Among these derivatives, compound 4k exhibited the most potent antitumor activity against non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) A549 cells. Further mechanistic investigations showed that 4k arrested the A549 cell cycle at the S phase but triggered only weak apoptosis. Instead, 4k eliminated…
Rank30.0
Preclinical or laboratory study
Pathology, research and practice · 2026 · PMID 42172843
β-1,4-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 4 (B4GALNT4) catalyzes LacdiNAc glycan synthesis and is implicated in multiple cancers; however, its role in lung cancer remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the clinical relevance, biological impact, and regulatory pathways of B4GALNT4 in lung cancer. B4GALNT4 expression across 33 cancers was analyzed using Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis, and its level, prognostic relevance, and pathways enrichment in lung cancer were further assessed. Its effects…
Rank30.0
Preclinical or laboratory study
Bioorganic chemistry · 2026 · PMID 42341570
A series of novel β-carboline quaternary ammonium salts were designed and synthesized via a mild, metal-free, acid-catalyzed cascade reaction between indole-2-methanamines and α-halogenated acetophenones. This efficient protocol features operational simplicity, broad substrate scope, and excellent functional group tolerance, yielding target compounds in high yields (up to 93%). A total of 26 new β-carboline quaternary ammonium salts were synthesized and characterized. Subsequent biological evaluation identified com…
Rank30.0
Preclinical or laboratory study
Bioorganic chemistry · 2026 · PMID 42364378
In this work, a series of N-allyl-5-arylidene-rhodanine derivatives was prepared and their reactivity evaluated as dipolarophiles in 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions. Cycloadducts of series 5 were obtained using sarcosine and 5-nitroisatin as precursors, while reactions with sarcosine and 2-pyridinecarboxaldehyde afforded new 2-pyridyl-substituted spiro derivatives (series 7). All compounds from both series were fully characterized and screened for their in vitro anticancer activity against the following five hu…
Rank30.0
Preclinical or laboratory study
Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2026 · PMID 42519574
Resistance to chemotherapy and tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)-based therapy is the main reason for treatment failure in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop novel strategies to combat resistance. In this study, we designed and developed a novel, multi-targeted microRNA (miRNA) approach to overcome resistance to EGFR inhibitors. Specifically, the guide strand of the tumor suppressor miR-129 was modified by replacing cytidine with the nucleoside analog gemcitabine (Gem). …
Rank30.0
Preclinical or laboratory study
Biomaterials advances · 2026 · PMID 42218104
Abraxane has been a frequently used frontline chemotherapeutic drug for clinically treating several advanced cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), pancreatic cancer, and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), however, the therapeutic efficiency of Abraxane for tumor immunotherapy that largely relies on the immunogenic cell death (ICD) of paclitaxel (PTX) remains quite limited and thus requires significant improvements. Development of an Abraxane-based albumin nanoplatform for simultaneous loading of…
Promising Experimental Therapies60 records
Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2026 · PMID 41738305
INTRODUCTION: First-hand smoking is a major cause of global morbidity and mortality. Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS; "second-hand" or "passive smoking") may also cause ill health, but establishing ETS as the cause is challenging, in part due to confounding and reverse causation.
METHODS: We applied Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate the causal effects of ETS. We use four approaches to instrument ETS exposure: The first and second used an index individual's parent's genetically predicted smoki…
Rank97.6
Randomized controlled trial
Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2026 · PMID 41626753
INTRODUCTION: The Program for LUng cancer screening and TObacco (PLUTO) cessation trial was a sequential, multiple assignments, randomized trial to optimize the delivery of tobacco longitudinal care (TLC), and a 1-year telephone coaching and combination nicotine replacement therapy program. Our analyses tested the effects of the randomized response assessment timepoint.
METHODS: Participants who smoked daily and were eligible for lung cancer screening (n = 636) were randomized to have their response to treatment as…
Rank85.0
Randomized clinical study
Nutrients · 2026 · PMID 42514450
Background/Objectives: Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, and surgical resection is the primary curative treatment for patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Patients undergoing lung cancer surgery are frequently affected by malnutrition, systemic inflammation, sarcopenia, and cancer-related cachexia, which may adversely affect postoperative recovery and clinical outcomes. Perioperative immunonutrition has been proposed as a strategy to support immune…
Rank82.0
Phase II clinical trial
Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2026 · PMID 42059900
PURPOSE: Circulating tumor fraction estimate (ctFE) is a machine learning-derived composite metric of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) burden. We hypothesized that pre-treatment and early on-treatment ctFE could robustly risk-stratify patients with locally advanced (LA) and oligometastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with radiotherapy (RT).
EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: In a prospective phase II clinical trial (NCT03916419), 26 patients with unresectable stage IIB to IIIC NSCLC received magnetic resonance (MR)-g…
Rank80.5
Phase II clinical trial
Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2026 · PMID 41961582
PURPOSE: EVOKE-02 (NCT05186974) is a multicohort, phase II trial evaluating first-line sacituzumab govitecan (SG) plus pembrolizumab with or without platinum-based chemotherapy in patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (mNSCLC).
PATIENTS AND METHODS: Adults with mNSCLC, no prior systemic treatment, and no actionable genomic alterations received SG 10 mg/kg intravenously (reduced to 7.5 mg/kg following a preplanned safety evaluation) on days 1 and 8, plus pembrolizumab 200 mg intravenously on day 1 and …
Rank79.6
Phase II clinical trial
Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026 · PMID 42498486
BACKGROUND: Despite the incorporation of atezolizumab, an anti-programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibody, into first-line chemotherapy regimen, survival in patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) remains poor. Given the role of dendritic cells (DCs) in modulating responses to anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) antibodies, a promising avenue is the development of vaccines based on DCs, together with the evaluation of how DC phenotypic modifications shape treatment efficacy.
MATERIALS…
Rank79.6
Phase II clinical trial
International journal of cancer · 2026 · PMID 42003237
Immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown promising results in the neoadjuvant treatment of resectable non-small cell lung cancer. This open-label, single-arm, prospective, monocentric trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant atezolizumab plus carboplatin/nab-paclitaxel in patients with resectable non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer. Patients with previously untreated, pathologically confirmed, non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer in stage II, IIIA, and select IIIB (T3N2 only) were treated with a…
Rank79.2
Phase II clinical trial
Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026 · PMID 42361644
BACKGROUND: ORCHARD (NCT03944772) was an open-label, phase 2 platform study that evaluated resistance mechanisms and post-progression treatments in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutated advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with progressive disease (PD) on first-line osimertinib. We report final data from the module investigating durvalumab plus etoposide-platinum in patients with neuroendocrine transformation to small cell lung cancer or large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma.
METHODS: P…
Rank79.1
Phase II clinical trial
JCO precision oncology · 2026 · PMID 42456086
PURPOSE: Erdafitinib, a pan-fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is approved for second-line treatment of locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma with susceptible FGFR3 alterations. Primary histology-agnostic analysis from the phase II RAGNAR study (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04083976) indicated a clinical benefit with erdafitinib in Broad Panel Cohort (BPC) patients. We present tumor-specific updated efficacy and safety results from the BPC and tumor-agnostic findi…
Rank78.0
Phase II clinical trial
Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2026 · PMID 42008740
PURPOSE: SKYROCKET is a single-center, single-arm phase II study that evaluated whether the addition of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) to atezolizumab plus tiragolumab enhances antitumor efficacy in PD-L1-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients received SBRT to all metastatic sites and subsequently received atezolizumab and tiragolumab every 3 weeks on day 1 of each 21-day cycle with 7 days of completion of SBRT. The primary endpoint was investigator-assessed progression-f…
Rank77.0
Phase II clinical trial
Oncoimmunology · 2026 · PMID 41732954
Checkpoint blockade of PD-1 with pembrolizumab provides long-term survival to a significant proportion of patients with metastatic melanoma. Pembrolizumab has been successfully used in combination with chemotherapy in non-small-cell lung cancer to increase the response rate. This phase II trial combined pembrolizumab with carboplatin/paclitaxel (CP) to assess its safety and efficacy, and to identify correlates of responses. Thirty patients without prior immunotherapy for unresectable/metastatic melanoma were treate…
Rank77.0
Phase II clinical trial
Cell reports. Medicine · 2026 · PMID 42379171
Brain metastases in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) frequently contribute to treatment failure. This phase II study aims to evaluate furmonertinib (160 mg daily) in 40 untreated patients with EGFR-mutant NSCLC and central nervous system (CNS) metastases. At a median follow-up of 18.66 months, the blinded independent central-review-assessed median progression-free survival (mPFS) and intracranial PFS are 16.59 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 12.77-20.41) and 1…
Rank77.0
Phase II clinical trial
Oncoimmunology · 2026 · PMID 42126144
Retrospective characterization of cell‒cell relationships in the tumor microenvironment provides significantly better predictive power than PD-L1 expression, tumor mutational burden (TMB), or gene expression profiles. In this small study assessing the safety and possible efficacy of gemcitabine and pembrolizumab in immunotherapy-naïve patients with NSCLC who have received prior treatment, we investigated both standard and novel immune parameters in 16 enrolled patients (NCT03083808). The combination of gemcitabine …
Rank68.6
Phase I clinical trial
Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026 · PMID 42442920
BACKGROUND: Overcoming tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) resistance improves survival in advanced epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutated non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We therefore examined the safety and preliminary efficacy of pelcitoclax, a B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2)/BCL-extra-large (BCL-xL) inhibitor, and osimertinib in patients with EGFR-mutated advanced NSCLC.
METHODS: Enrolled patients included Cohort 1 (previously progressed after third-generation TKI treatment+chemotherapy), Cohort 2 (previously…
Rank67.6
Phase I clinical trial
The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery · 2026 · PMID 41881390
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of neoadjuvant injection of the viral mimic poly-ICLC (polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid-poly-l-lysine carboxymethylcellulose) in patients with pleural mesothelioma undergoing curative-intent surgical resection.
METHODS: Patients with documented pleural mesothelioma who were deemed resectable underwent intratumoral injection of poly-ICLC 2-4 weeks prior to planned curative-intent surgery. Safety and toxicity were the primary endpoints. Secondary endpoints were postoperative complicatio…
Rank65.0
Prospective cohort study
Cell reports · 2026 · PMID 42397743
Metabolic dysregulation has been established as a key driver in tumorigenesis, but its underlying mechanisms in lung cancer remain poorly characterized. In this study, we performed nested case-control analyses in two prospective cohorts (208 and 144 matched pairs) to examine associations between plasma metabolites and lung cancer risk. Untargeted metabolomics identified circulating metabolites of the branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) pathway as significantly associated with lung cancer risk. An animal study demonstr…
Rank65.0
Phase I clinical trial
Nature communications · 2026 · PMID 42448681
Cancer cells counteract oxidative stress through upregulation of antioxidant networks. Peroxiredoxin 3 (PRX3), a mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme, regulates reactive oxygen species homeostasis and promotes tumor cell survival. The natural compound thiostrepton (TS) covalently inhibits PRX3, disrupting redox balance and selectively induces tumor cell death. Mesothelioma, an aggressive malignancy, has limited therapeutic options, particularly in relapsed or refractory settings. Here, we demonstrate genetic deletion o…
Rank49.7
Other PubMed-indexed publication
Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026 · PMID 41741796
BACKGROUND: Recent studies have demonstrated that the plasma level of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has emerged as a highly effective, minimally invasive biomarker in patients with lung cancer. This study aimed to perform bibliometric analysis to systematically evaluate the development trends of ctDNA in lung cancer for future research.
METHODS: All articles on the role of ctDNA for detecting lung cancer from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2022, were retrieved from the Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection databas…
Rank49.1
Other PubMed-indexed publicationResult signal: null
Annals of medicine · 2026 · PMID 41913550
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy and adverse reactions of radiotherapy with omitted clinical target volume (CTV) in unresectable stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
METHODS: A total of 423 NSCLC patients admitted to our hospital from June 2020 to April 2024 were enrolled. Among them, 112 patients met the inclusion criteria, including 58 patients in the experimental group and 54 patients in the control group. After 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM), 66 patients were included in the final analysis, …
Rank45.0
Other PubMed-indexed publication
Biomedical physics & engineering express · 2026 · PMID 42480586
Lung cancer (LC) is a malignant tumor that poses a serious threat to human health. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging, which integrates both anatomical structure and metabolic activity, plays a crucial role in the auxiliary diagnosis of LC. Despite its advantages, the automated classification of LC subtypes is challenged by the overlapping imaging features among different subtypes and the complex morphological characteristics of the lesions. To address the aforementioned challenges, t…
Rank45.0
Other PubMed-indexed publication
Computational biology and chemistry · 2026 · PMID 42247986
Lung and pancreatic adenocarcinomas account for substantial cancer-related mortality worldwide, with current therapeutic efficacy severely limited by the development of high drug resistance. Threonine tyrosine kinase (TTK) has emerged as both a therapeutic target and a critical prognostic marker in these malignancies, with elevated expression correlating strongly with poor clinical outcomes. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate natural quercetin derivatives from Azadirachta indica leaf as novel TTK inhibitors…
Rank45.0
Other PubMed-indexed publication
PloS one · 2026 · PMID 42430314
Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths globally, with smoking being the primary risk factor, though environmental exposures and genetic mutations also play significant roles. Lung cancer arises when abnormal lung cells grow uncontrollably, leading to over 2 million new cases and nearly 1.8 million deaths globally. Drug resistance, especially to targeted therapies, is a key challenge, as tumours often adapt and become unresponsive. Multitargeted drug design, which targets multiple pathways…
Rank45.0
Other PubMed-indexed publication
Drug design, development and therapy · 2026 · PMID 42438795
BACKGROUND: Therapeutic heterogeneity limits the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Shuyu Wan (SYW), a classic TCM formula, has shown potential in modulating gut microbiota (GM) and enhancing immunotherapy, yet its synergistic mechanism with PD-1 inhibitors remains unclear.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: SYW components were identified by UPLC-MS. NSCLC-related targets were integrated with SYW targets for pathway enrichment, and molecular docking validated component-target…
Rank45.0
Other PubMed-indexed publication
International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026 · PMID 42512175
Cancer remains a growing public health concern in South Africa, particularly in underserved communities where disparities in awareness and access to care contribute to delayed diagnosis. This study evaluated the impact of a culturally tailored educational intervention based on an adapted Cancer-Community Awareness Access Research and Education (c-CARE) module in Johannesburg and iLembe districts. A pilot study using a quasi-experimental pre-post design was conducted to assess changes in knowledge and attitudes amon…
Rank45.0
Other PubMed-indexed publication
International journal of molecular sciences · 2026 · PMID 42511521
Lung, breast, colorectal and prostate cancer account for over 41% of global cancer incidence and 39% of mortality, yet durable control of advanced disease remains limited. Plant secondary metabolites are promising multitarget leads, but their polypharmacological mechanisms cannot be captured by single-target approaches, and the evidence across these four cancers has not been synthesised within a unified framework. This review provides an integrated comparative analysis of network-pharmacology studies of plant-deriv…
Prospective Cohort Studies62 records
Rank106.0
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: harm
European journal of cancer prevention : the official journal of the European Cancer Prevention Organisation (ECP) · 2026 · PMID 40536070
Observational studies indicated that the overall inflammatory potential of diets has been implicated in cancer etiology; however, the results were inconsistent. We aimed to estimate the dose-response association of dietary inflammatory potential with cancer outcomes based on prospective cohort studies. PubMed, Embase and Web of Science databases were searched up to 11 November 2023 for prospective cohort studies. The dietary inflammatory potential was assessed by the dietary inflammatory index (DII) or energy-adjus…
Rank102.2
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Pulmonology · 2026 · PMID 41560513
BACKGROUND: Clinical guidelines recommend endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) as the initial diagnostic tool for lung cancer staging. However, despite the availability of mediastinal forceps biopsy and cryobiopsy, the optimal diagnostic approaches for other mediastinal conditions remain unclear.
METHODS: We searched multiple databases and sources up to February 21, 2025, and employed single-arm, pairwise, and network meta-analytical approaches to comprehensively evaluate EBU…
Rank95.4
Randomized controlled trial
Cancer medicine · 2024 · PMID 38659392
OBJECTIVES: The recommended treatment for limited-stage small-cell lung cancer (LS-SCLC) is a combination of thoracic radiotherapy (TRT) and etoposide plus cisplatin (EP) chemotherapy, typically administered over 4-6 cycles. Nonetheless, the optimal duration of chemotherapy is still not determined. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of patients with LS-SCLC who received either 6 cycles or 4-5 cycles of EP chemotherapy combined with TRT.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this retrospective analysis, we utilized data f…
Rank92.0
Randomized controlled trial
JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2026 · PMID 42373087
BACKGROUND: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for approximately 85% of primary pulmonary neoplasms. Complete surgical removal remains the cornerstone of curative therapy, yet it frequently diminishes residual lung function and exercise tolerance. Structured, center-based rehabilitation hastens physiological recovery, but conventional schemes rarely deliver continuous, patient-specific monitoring. Remote, digitally delivered exercise overcomes logistical obstacles; however, the lack of real-time quality as…
Rank88.7
Randomized clinical study
Respiratory medicine · 2026 · PMID 42309231
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of preoperative pulmonary rehabilitation in lung cancer patients with moderate to severe COPD by a randomized controlled trial protocol, and to explore the effect of preoperative pulmonary rehabilitation on surgical outcomes in high-risk patients.
METHODS: A randomized, prospective, single-blind (evaluator) clinical trial. Participants(n = 70) will be randomly divided into two groups. The intervention group will receive 2 weeks preoperative pulmonary…
Rank88.7
Randomized clinical study
Clinical lung cancer · 2026 · PMID 42314501
PURPOSE: Radiotherapy is commonly used for patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)-for symptom palliation, or ablation of metastases. Increasing evidence shows that radiotherapy alters the natural history of metastatic NSCLC. Here, we evaluate prospective systemic therapy trials for protocol specifications and documentation of radiation use during and before trial enrollment.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Clinicaltrials.gov was queried for completed, phase II-IV systemic therapy trials for metastatic N…
Rank83.2
Phase II clinical trial
Clinical lung cancer · 2026 · PMID 42308637
Pleural mesothelioma (PM) is a rare asbestos-related malignancy characterized by complex diagnosis and poor prognosis, with survival strongly influenced by histological subtype and eligibility for a multimodality approach, reserved for highly selected patients. While platinum-pemetrexed chemotherapy or the combination of ipilimumab plus nivolumab represent standard first-line options for unresectable disease, pembrolizumab combined with platinum-pemetrexed has demonstrated improved survival in advanced PM (IND227/K…
Rank82.6
Multicenter clinical study
European radiology · 2026 · PMID 41831027
OBJECTIVES: To develop and validate an automated radiomics-based model to objectively assess the malignancy risk of pulmonary nodules, overcoming the limitations of manual CT interpretation.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective, multicenter diagnostic accuracy study enrolled 1895 patients with 1909 pulmonary nodules (1181 malignant; 728 benign) from 27 centers between 2017 and 2023. Clinical data and chest CT images were collected, and 25 radiological and 2153 radiomics features were extracted after 3D U-net-bas…
Rank82.0
Phase II clinical trial
Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2026 · PMID 42059900
PURPOSE: Circulating tumor fraction estimate (ctFE) is a machine learning-derived composite metric of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) burden. We hypothesized that pre-treatment and early on-treatment ctFE could robustly risk-stratify patients with locally advanced (LA) and oligometastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with radiotherapy (RT).
EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: In a prospective phase II clinical trial (NCT03916419), 26 patients with unresectable stage IIB to IIIC NSCLC received magnetic resonance (MR)-g…
Rank81.8
Multicenter clinical study
Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2026 · PMID 42233870
BACKGROUND: Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer mortality, yet blood-based biomarkers are not routinely used in diagnosis. This study evaluated four commercial blood protein assays, originally validated for other indications, in indeterminate pulmonary nodules (IPN).
METHODS: Using a prospective specimen collection, retrospective blinded evaluation design, samples were collected from patients with screening-detected, incidental, or symptomatic IPNs. Cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA 21-1), carcinoembryonic…
Rank81.3
Multicenter clinical study
International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics · 2026 · PMID 41720170
PURPOSE: Radiation-induced pneumonitis (RP) is a side effect after thoracic radiation therapy (RT). The ability to predict RP would facilitate treatment modifications. This study investigates the predictive capacity for symptomatic RP (Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events ≥ 2) employing Radiomics and Dosiomics models.
METHODS AND MATERIALS: Computed tomography scans, along with physical and 2-Gy equivalent dose volumes (EQD2), dose-volume histograms, and clinical parameters, were evaluated for 708 multice…
Rank80.0
Phase II clinical trial
Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026 · PMID 42331381
BACKGROUND: Response to anti-programmed cell death protein-1 (anti-PD-1) immunotherapy remains limited in patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), whose tumors exhibit low or absent programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, and subsequent second-line therapy has poor efficacy. To address this limitation, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of combined ipilimumab and nivolumab (IPI/NIVO) with subablative radiotherapy (RT) in patients with metastatic NSCLC with negative or low PD-L1 expressio…
Rank79.6
Phase II clinical trial
International journal of cancer · 2026 · PMID 42003237
Immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown promising results in the neoadjuvant treatment of resectable non-small cell lung cancer. This open-label, single-arm, prospective, monocentric trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant atezolizumab plus carboplatin/nab-paclitaxel in patients with resectable non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer. Patients with previously untreated, pathologically confirmed, non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer in stage II, IIIA, and select IIIB (T3N2 only) were treated with a…
Rank78.7
Multicenter clinical studyResult signal: null
Journal of bronchology & interventional pulmonology · 2026 · PMID 42178921
BACKGROUND: Outcomes of robotic-assisted bronchoscopy (RAB) in patients of small stature remain uncertain due to concerns about their potentially smaller lung volumes. We assess the effectiveness and safety of RAB across height variations.
METHODS: This is a subset analysis of TARGET, a multicenter, prospective, observational study using the MONARCH Robotic Bronchoscopy Platform, which enrolled patients with lung lesions undergoing RAB across 21 sites. RAB safety and effectiveness were compared across height quarti…
Rank78.7
Multicenter clinical study
The Annals of thoracic surgery · 2026 · PMID 41571025
BACKGROUND: A recent consensus statement recommends that atypical cells are considered nondiagnostic specimens in the calculation of diagnostic yield. This study investigated the natural history and malignancy rate of atypical cells and practice patterns of clinicians encountering these biopsy results.
METHODS: This was a subset analysis of a prospective, multicenter study evaluating the safety and diagnostic outcomes of robotic-assisted bronchoscopy for pulmonary nodules. Nondiagnostic samples, including those wit…
Rank78.5
Multicenter clinical study
Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology · 2026 · PMID 42019680
AIM: To evaluate real-world local control outcomes and identify clinical and dosimetric determinants of local progression following metastasis-directed stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) within the international OligoCare cohort.
METHODS: OligoCare is a prospective observational registry (EORTC-ESTRO E2-RADIatE) evaluating SABR for oligometastatic prostate, breast, colorectal, and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The secondary endpoint, local progression, was defined as recurrence within the planning targ…
Rank77.7
Multicenter clinical study
BMJ open · 2026 · PMID 42486514
INTRODUCTION: Hepatocellular carcinoma is the sixth most common malignancy worldwide, with immune checkpoint inhibitors transforming treatment paradigms despite modest response rates of approximately 30%. Emotional distress, encompassing depression and anxiety symptoms, affects 30-50% of cancer patients and may influence immunotherapy efficacy through immune system modulation. Recent studies in lung cancer, gastric cancer and melanoma demonstrate associations between pretreatment emotional distress and worse immuno…
Rank77.6
Multicenter clinical study
Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026 · PMID 42342406
BACKGROUND: The programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) tumor proportion score (TPS) is used as a biomarker to predict benefit from immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, additional biomarkers are needed. The potential of kinase activity profiling of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) for predicting response to ICB was previously shown in a discovery study. The goal of this prospective study is to evaluate the predictive value of blood-based kinase profiling…
Rank76.9
Multicenter clinical study
Pulmonology · 2026 · PMID 41635252
BACKGROUND: Conventional bronchoscopy has imited diagnostic yield for challenging peripheral pulmonary nodules(C-PPNs), particularly for small (≤20 mm), pleural-contact, or reverse-angle (bifurcation angle ≤90°) nodules. This prospective multi-centre study evaluates the novel robotic bronchoscopy system (RBS) with ultra-thin catheters in C-PPNs under radiation-free conditions.
METHODS: This multi-centre, prospective study enrolled 89 patients with C-PPN (characterised by a diameter ≤20 mm, pleural-contact, or an an…
Rank76.3
Multicenter clinical study
Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026 · PMID 42235163
BACKGROUND: Early detection of interstitial lung disease including radiation pneumonitis (ILD/RP) is crucial in consolidative durvalumab therapy after chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in unresectable stage III non-small cell lung cancer. We conducted a multicenter, noninterventional pilot study to develop clinical prediction models for grade ≥2 ILD/RP following durvalumab treatment by using machine learning algorithms on continuously collected automatic measurements from a wearable device and cough-counting smartphone appli…
Rank75.6
Multicenter clinical study
Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026 · PMID 41989878
BACKGROUND: Patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection have been gradually accepted as solid organ transplant recipients, although there is still concern that the burden of immunosuppression and HIV infection could increase the risk of post-transplant cancer.
METHODS: The risk of de novo cancer was evaluated in a prospective cohort of 272 HIV-positive and 816 matched HIV-negative liver transplant recipients in Spain (2002-2012). All tumors, except hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence and non-melanoma…
Rank75.0
Prospective cohort study
International journal of cancer · 2026 · PMID 42071337
Outdoor air pollution, including particulate matter (PM), is a Group 1 carcinogen based on evidence for lung cancer; however, evidence for other cancers is limited. Further research on cancer incidence rather than mortality endpoints is needed as well as examinations in non-smokers. In the Cancer Prevention Study-II Nutrition Cohort, annual predictions of particulate and gaseous pollutant concentrations were assigned to residential addresses. Extended Cox regression estimated hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence i…
Rank74.8
Prospective cohort study
Cancer epidemiology · 2026 · PMID 42054754
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to evaluate age-specific associations between endogenous antioxidant biomarkers and cancer risk in a high-risk male population characterized by concurrent smoking and alcohol use.
METHODS: We analyzed data from the Korean Cancer Prevention Study-II (KCPS-II), including 83,371 men. Associations between serum creatinine, bilirubin, albumin, and uric acid and cancer risk were evaluated using Cox proportional hazards models. Analyses were conducted among all men, ever smokers and drinkers, …
Rank74.2
Prospective cohort study
Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026 · PMID 42068891
BACKGROUND: To understand the molecularly obscure pre-diagnostic phase of lung cancer, we mapped the temporal evolution of the plasma proteome for new biological insights and improved risk prediction.
METHODS: Leveraging the UK Biobank prospective cohort, we analyzed 2,921 plasma proteins from 37,759 participants, including 342 incident lung cancer cases identified over a median follow-up of 11.7 years. We employed time-stratified Cox models, locally weighted scatterplot smoothing (LOESS) trajectory modeling, and h…
Rank74.2
Multicenter clinical study
Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2026 · PMID 42411631
BACKGROUND: The prognosis of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) complicated by cancer cachexia remains poor. Anamorelin, a ghrelin receptor agonist, has been approved only in Japan for the treatment of cancer cachexia.
METHODS: This prospective multicentre observational study was conducted to evaluate the impact of anamorelin administration on the efficacy and safety of chemoimmunotherapy in patients with NSCLC and cancer cachexia. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS), eva…
Quality Of Life63 records
Rank107.7
Systematic review or meta-analysis
The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2026 · PMID 42440312
RATIONALE: Lung cancer is typically a cancer of the elderly, with a median age at diagnosis of 71, and more than one third of the people diagnosed with lung cancer are over 75 years old. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionised the treatment of cancers, including lung cancer. ICIs targeting the programmed death-1/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) axis, administered in the neoadjuvant setting, the adjuvant setting, or both, are currently the standard of care for resectable non-small-cell lung can…
Rank105.4
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia · 2026 · PMID 42140114
BACKGROUND: Leptomeningeal disease (LMD) is an increasingly recognised late-stage complication of solid tumours (primarily melanoma, lung and breast cancers). It involves dissemination to the leptomeninges surrounding the brain and spinal cord and carries a poor prognosis ranging from 2-6 months. Recent advances in emerging therapies such as CNS-active targeted therapy, intrathecal agents, and early-phase immunotherapy necessitate an updated appraisal of prospective data.
METHODS: A systematic search of MEDLINE, Em…
Rank104.9
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Journal of bone oncology · 2026 · PMID 42388270
BACKGROUND: Surgery for long bone metastases is performed to alleviate pain, restore function, and improve quality of life. Accurate postoperative survival estimates are essential for surgical planning and shared decision-making, yet no comprehensive synthesis exists across primary tumor types. This systematic review aimed to characterize postoperative survival and its temporal trend in patients undergoing surgery for long bone metastases.
METHODS: A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, and…
Rank101.8
Systematic review or meta-analysis
American journal of clinical oncology · 2026 · PMID 42507830
OBJECTIVES: Vitamin C has gained interest as an adjunctive treatment in oncology due to its antioxidant effects, potential to enhance cancer therapy, and ability to improve quality of life. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the therapeutic impact of vitamin C in patients with solid and hematologic malignancies.
METHODS: A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Google Scholar from inception to August 2025, in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. A…
Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Journal of clinical nursing · 2026 · PMID 41834268
BACKGROUND: Cough, a prevalent and debilitating symptom of lung cancer, remains poorly managed. Accumulating evidence on non-pharmacological interventions for lung cancer cough necessitates systematic evaluation to assess their efficacy.
AIM: To synthesise evidence on non-pharmacological interventions for managing cough in lung cancer patients.
DESIGN: A systematic review and meta-analysis following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses reporting guideline.
METHODS: Nine databases w…
Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: benefit
Frontiers in medicine · 2026 · PMID 42500527
PURPOSE: This study aimed to clarify the impact of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on clinical outcomes in lung cancer patients undergoing surgery based on available randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
METHODS: PubMed, Web of Science (WoS), the Cochrane Library, and CNKI databases were searched from their inception to 3 November 2025. The primary outcomes were postoperative complications such as pulmonary infection and atelectasis. The secondary outcomes included the postoperative length of stay (LOS), exe…
Rank95.6
Randomized controlled trial
Medicine and science in sports and exercise · 2026 · PMID 41851742
PURPOSE: To evaluate long-term extended effects of 20 wk of high-intensity training (HIT) performed shortly after lung cancer surgery on physical fitness, muscle mass, pulmonary function, quality of life (QoL), and survival.
METHODS: All participants in the original HIT-trial were invited 5 yr after surgery. Original measures were repeated by the same technician and equipment. All-cause mortality was registered 5- and 10-yr postsurgery.
RESULTS: Of 61 patients who completed the 20-wk intervention, 40 (66%) were ali…
Rank90.5
Randomized clinical study
Journal of thoracic oncology : official publication of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer · 2026 · PMID 42532339
PURPOSE: While NRG-LU005 showed no overall survival (OS) advantage by adding concurrent and adjuvant immunotherapy to chemoRT (CRT), it reported longer OS in an exploratory comparison of twice-daily (BID) over once-daily (QD) radiation (RT). This planned analysis assessed longitudinal PROs. The pre-specified hypothesis was that clinically-meaningful-decline (CMD) in longer term PROs at 15 months would be lower with immunotherapy, as measured by the Functional-Assessment-of-Cancer-Therapy:Trial-Outcome-Index (FACT-T…
Rank90.5
Randomized clinical study
Discover oncology · 2026 · PMID 42469552
PURPOSE: To evaluate whether an Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills (IMB)-based perioperative nursing program was associated with better self-efficacy, quality of life, complication profiles, and nursing satisfaction in patients with lung cancer undergoing cryoablation.
METHODS: This single-center retrospective cohort study included 552 patients treated between July 2023 and March 2025. Patients received either IMB-based perioperative nursing (n = 268) or routine care (n = 284) according to routine clinical al…
Rank89.8
Randomized clinical studyResult signal: benefit
ANZ journal of surgery · 2026 · PMID 42503044
BACKGROUND: Lung cancer surgery is associated with significant perioperative morbidity, including pulmonary complications and psychological distress. The effectiveness of comprehensive interdisciplinary care models in improving outcomes remains insufficiently studied.
METHODS: This single-center randomized controlled trial enrolled 240 patients undergoing lung cancer surgery between March 2021 and December 2023. Patients were randomized 1:1 to receive either an interdisciplinary integrated care intervention (n = 12…
Rank89.8
Randomized clinical studyResult signal: null
Asia-Pacific journal of oncology nursing · 2026 · PMID 41625083
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to determine the impact of PROM with a personalized follow-up program on the evaluation of quality of life and self-management for patients after lung cancer resection.
METHODS: Given a formal power calculation a total of 240 patients with lung cancer. Participants were randomly assigned to either the experimental or the control groups. Patients in the experimental group received a personalized follow-up program of patient-reported outcomes. The control group received only the telephone f…
Rank89.1
Randomized clinical study
International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics · 2026 · PMID 42471047
PURPOSE: Decline of quality of life (QOL) and cognitive function is common for brain metastases patients receiving radiotherapy but there is currently no standard of care for addressing those symptoms. This phase 2 randomized controlled trial examined the efficacy of early neuropsychological evaluation and integration to preserve QOL and cognition for patients treated with radiation for brain metastases.
METHODS: Patients with brain metastases seen in a radiation oncology department were eligible for inclusion and …
Rank88.7
Randomized clinical study
Respiratory medicine · 2026 · PMID 42309231
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of preoperative pulmonary rehabilitation in lung cancer patients with moderate to severe COPD by a randomized controlled trial protocol, and to explore the effect of preoperative pulmonary rehabilitation on surgical outcomes in high-risk patients.
METHODS: A randomized, prospective, single-blind (evaluator) clinical trial. Participants(n = 70) will be randomly divided into two groups. The intervention group will receive 2 weeks preoperative pulmonary…
Rank88.4
Randomized clinical study
Contemporary clinical trials communications · 2026 · PMID 42389378
BACKGROUND: Lung resection is the gold standard and the most effective curative treatment for lung cancer, especially in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer, improving long-term survival and quality of life. The growing body of evidence from randomized controlled trials supports the efficacy of prehabilitation in reducing both the incidence and severity of postoperative pulmonary complications and shortening the length of hospital stay.
OBJECTIVE: The general objective is to compare the effects of a single educa…
Rank88.0
Randomized clinical study
Journal of clinical medicine · 2026 · PMID 42513592
Background: Radiation therapy with or without systemic treatment for lung cancer can cause adverse reactions, e.g., fatigue. Affected patients may experience a decrease in physical activity and, as a consequence, be unable to receive the complete assigned treatment. Physical exercise may be helpful. A benefit of exercise regarding completion of systemic treatment and quality of life was previously suggested. Irradiated patients may benefit as well. A smartphone-based app reminding patients to make a minimum number …
Rank85.0
Randomized clinical studyResult signal: benefit
Cancers · 2026 · PMID 42512356
There is a growing interest in preventive and complementary therapies to support health, increase the effectiveness of conventional medical treatments, and improve quality of life (QoL). This review summarizes the effects of β-glucans, triterpenes and nucleoside analogs of edible and/or medicinal mushrooms with results of clinical trials that investigated these effects in diabetes, breast-, prostate-, lung- and colorectal cancer patients. The results support that these components effectively alleviate symptoms and …
Rank85.0
Randomized clinical study
Therapeutic advances in medical oncology · 2026 · PMID 42453650
Therapeutic decision-making for older adults, operationally defined in this review as patients aged ⩾65 years, with extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) remains clinically challenging, complicated by heterogeneous decline in physiological reserve, multiple comorbidities, and narrow therapeutic indices. Although chemoimmunotherapy has redefined the first-line standard of care, the selection bias inherent in pivotal registrational randomized controlled trials-which often exclude the oldest-old and frail p…
Rank85.0
Randomized clinical study
Scientific reports · 2026 · PMID 42437787
Associations between holistic oncologic management (HOM) and the trajectory of quality of life (QoL) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have not been evaluated, especially the driver-gene-negative NSCLC patients, whose QoL was proved to be poorer. This randomized controlled trial is performed from October 23, 2019, to July 25, 2023. Patients diagnosed with driver-gene-negative NSCLC were enrolled in Chongqing University Cancer Hospital and were classified into 2 groups: the control arm (arm C) and …
Rank85.0
Randomized clinical study
BMJ open respiratory research · 2026 · PMID 42431709
INTRODUCTION: Patients who have undergone curative surgery for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) often experience long-term reduced quality of life (QoL), high symptom burden, risk of physical deconditioning and comorbidity. Current Danish rehabilitation offers are heterogeneous and not specifically tailored to the disease-specific needs and no long-term targeted support is currently available. Previously, singing-delivered as a structured training modality-has conferred both physiological and psychological improv…
Rank85.0
Randomized clinical study
Contemporary clinical trials · 2026 · PMID 42476254
BACKGROUND: Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Annual lung cancer screening (LCS) with low-dose chest CT (LDCT) can prevent lung cancer deaths in individuals at high risk, and American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) adults are among the highest risk populations; however, evidence suggests lower uptake of screening in this population compared to other groups.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of a culturally adapted patient navigation intervention delivered in Tribal healthcare…
Rank81.3
Multicenter clinical study
International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics · 2026 · PMID 41720170
PURPOSE: Radiation-induced pneumonitis (RP) is a side effect after thoracic radiation therapy (RT). The ability to predict RP would facilitate treatment modifications. This study investigates the predictive capacity for symptomatic RP (Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events ≥ 2) employing Radiomics and Dosiomics models.
METHODS AND MATERIALS: Computed tomography scans, along with physical and 2-Gy equivalent dose volumes (EQD2), dose-volume histograms, and clinical parameters, were evaluated for 708 multice…
Rank77.7
Multicenter clinical study
BMJ open · 2026 · PMID 42486514
INTRODUCTION: Hepatocellular carcinoma is the sixth most common malignancy worldwide, with immune checkpoint inhibitors transforming treatment paradigms despite modest response rates of approximately 30%. Emotional distress, encompassing depression and anxiety symptoms, affects 30-50% of cancer patients and may influence immunotherapy efficacy through immune system modulation. Recent studies in lung cancer, gastric cancer and melanoma demonstrate associations between pretreatment emotional distress and worse immuno…
Rank75.4
Multicenter clinical study
BMJ open · 2026 · PMID 42521301
OBJECTIVES: To identify latent symptom subgroups, compare symptom network characteristics across subgroups and examine factors associated with subgroup membership among lung cancer survivors.
DESIGN: Cross-sectional study using latent profile analysis and symptom network analysis.
SETTING: Four hospitals in Shanghai, China, including a national thoracic oncology centre, two tertiary general hospitals and one regional general hospital.
PARTICIPANTS: A total of 942 lung cancer survivors who had completed surgical tre…
Rank66.3
Observational or cohort study
Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026 · PMID 42463517
PURPOSE: Financial toxicity is increasingly recognized as a clinically relevant patient-reported outcome in oncology, yet prospective data from Latin America remain limited, particularly among privately insured populations. We evaluated the prevalence and predictors of Q28-based financial burden (FB) and financial toxicity (FT), and their association with global health status (GHS), in Brazilian cancer patients treated in the supplementary healthcare sector.
METHODS: This secondary analysis pooled data from four pr…
Rank55.0
Other PubMed-indexed publication
Clinical drug investigation · 2026 · PMID 42250196
BACKGROUND: Anti-programmed cell death-(ligand) 1 (anti-PD-[L]1) agents are approved for advanced and early-stage cancers. While they may offer clinical and economic benefits in the neoadjuvant and/or adjuvant setting, their population-level impact in Italy has not been thoroughly evaluated.
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to estimate health and productivity outcomes of introducing anti‑PD‑(L)1 agents for neoadjuvant and/or adjuvant therapy in early‑stage cancers in Italy (melanoma Stage IIB/C, melanoma Stage III, renal…
Randomized Controlled Trials66 records
Rank108.3
Systematic review or meta-analysis
PeerJ · 2026 · PMID 42433386
BACKGROUND: With the increasing use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in the first-line treatment of driver mutation-negative non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare efficacy and adverse effects (AEs) between PD-L1 inhibitors and PD-1 inhibitors.
METHODS: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) related to the first-line treatment of NSCLC with ICIs alone or in combination with …
Rank107.7
Systematic review or meta-analysis
The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2026 · PMID 42440312
RATIONALE: Lung cancer is typically a cancer of the elderly, with a median age at diagnosis of 71, and more than one third of the people diagnosed with lung cancer are over 75 years old. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionised the treatment of cancers, including lung cancer. ICIs targeting the programmed death-1/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) axis, administered in the neoadjuvant setting, the adjuvant setting, or both, are currently the standard of care for resectable non-small-cell lung can…
Rank107.1
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: benefit
Clinical lung cancer · 2026 · PMID 42247797
BACKGROUND: The benefit of neoadjuvant or perioperative chemoimmunotherapy in resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression < 1% remains uncertain, as evidence is largely derived from subgroup analyses. We conducted a systematic review and network meta-analysis to compare the efficacy of individual chemoimmunotherapy regimens in this population.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: Randomized controlled trials enrolling patients with resectable NSCLC and reporting outcomes for the…
Rank107.1
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: benefit
Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026 · PMID 42208366
BACKGROUND: Pulmonary large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) is a rare, aggressive malignancy with limited treatment options. Management often follows small-cell lung cancer regimens; however, the benefit of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) remains uncertain due to the absence of randomized trials. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the clinical impact of ICI-containing regimens in advanced LCNEC.
METHODS: A comprehensive literature search of PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library w…
Rank107.0
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: benefit
Medicine · 2026 · PMID 42499029
BACKGROUND: Both preclinical and retrospective studies have implicated β-adrenergic signaling in cancer progression, leading to interest in β-blockers (BBs) as adjunctive anticancer agents. There is evidence that they may enhance the sensitivity of cancer cells to radiotherapy and other conventional therapies. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the radiosensitizing effects of BBs.
METHODS: PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, t…
Rank106.8
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026 · PMID 42362784
PURPOSE: Sleep disorders are highly prevalent among lung cancer patients and seriously affect their quality of life and mental health. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the effects of non-pharmacological interventions on sleep quality, quality of life, and anxiety in lung cancer patients.
METHODS: PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Embase, CNKI, Wanfang Data, and VIP databases for studies published between 2015 and February 2025. The primary outcome was sleep quality, with qual…
Rank105.5
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: benefitCorrection flagged
JAMA oncology · 2026 · PMID 42240993
IMPORTANCE: For patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression of 50% or higher, programmed cell death 1 protein or PD-L1 (PD-[L]1) inhibitor monotherapy is commonly used as first-line therapy; however, whether adding chemotherapy improves outcomes in this population remains unknown.
OBJECTIVE: To compare overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) associated with PD-(L)1 inhibitor monotherapy vs chemoimmunotherapy in treatment-naive p…
Rank104.2
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: null
Thoracic cancer · 2026 · PMID 42414222
BACKGROUND: The prognostic significance of EGFR mutations in resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains uncertain despite their established predictive value in advanced disease. We assessed the prognostic impact of EGFR mutation status on recurrence and disease-free survival (DFS) in resected stage I-III NSCLC.
METHODS: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library to identify studies of resected stage I-III NSCLC reporting recurrence or DFS according to EGFR…
Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Journal of clinical nursing · 2026 · PMID 41834268
BACKGROUND: Cough, a prevalent and debilitating symptom of lung cancer, remains poorly managed. Accumulating evidence on non-pharmacological interventions for lung cancer cough necessitates systematic evaluation to assess their efficacy.
AIM: To synthesise evidence on non-pharmacological interventions for managing cough in lung cancer patients.
DESIGN: A systematic review and meta-analysis following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses reporting guideline.
METHODS: Nine databases w…
Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: null
International journal of clinical pharmacy · 2026 · PMID 41843046
INTRODUCTION: The introduction of Accelerated Drug Marketing Registration Procedures (ADMRPs) in China has improved patient access to innovative therapies, but concerns remain about the robustness and consistency of efficacy evidence.
AIM: This study aimed to compare the treatment efficacy of approved targeted therapies for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) before and after the implementation of ADMRPs.
METHOD: In this retrospective study, we analyzed targeted therapies for NSCLC approved in China as of December 3…
Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Critical reviews in oncology/hematology · 2026 · PMID 41720325
AIM: By 2026, several PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies were approved by FDA, EMA and non-EU Eastern European countries for the first-line therapy in advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (nsNSCLC) without EGFR mutations or ALK alterations. This study aimed to compare overall (OS) and progression-free (PFS) survival among anti-PD-1/PD-L1-containing regimens and to evaluate the immunotherapy effect modification due to PD-L1 expression.
METHODS: A systematic search in MEDLINE and Embase on December 23, 2025 identified…
Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: benefit
Frontiers in immunology · 2026 · PMID 42529281
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the first-line treatment patterns and prognostic factors associated with survival in patients with driver gene-negative non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and liver metastases, in order to identify the optimal treatment strategy.
METHODS: A Bayesian network meta-analysis was performed using R software (version 4.2.3) and RevMan (version 5.4) to systematically compare the efficacy of various first-line treatment regimens, including chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and combination …
Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: benefit
Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026 · PMID 41557143
PURPOSE: Proton therapy (PT) offers dosimetric advantages over conventional X-ray-based radiotherapy (XRT), aiming to reduce toxicity and better spare healthy tissues. The Agency for Health Quality and Assessment of Catalonia (AQuAS), commissioned by the Spanish Ministry of Health, conducted a Health Technology Assessment to evaluate the safety and clinical effectiveness of PT for cancer indications not yet approved for PT in Spain. This article summarizes the main findings regarding PT's safety and clinical perfor…
Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Psychiatry research · 2026 · PMID 42184575
Mental health disorders frequently co-occur with oncological conditions, prompting an umbrella review(UR) to summarize meta-analytic evidence about the outcomes of pharmacological, psychosocial, and brain-stimulation interventions for psychiatric disorders in oncologic populations. We performed an UR of meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials(RCTs) documenting the efficacy of interventions for mental disorders in people with cancer(November 2, 2025). Re-calculated meta-analytic estimates employed the GRADE cr…
Rank99.4
Randomized controlled trial
Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026 · PMID 42372381
OBJECTIVE: Invitations to participate in screening programmes are predominantly distributed through traditional paper-based methods. More tailored approaches - incorporating both socioeconomic status- (SES) and sex-specific preferences - may improve programme uptake. This study aims to optimize the recruitment strategy for high-risk individuals in lung cancer screening: the 4-IN-THE-LUNG-RUN trial.
METHODS: A total of 336,860 Dutch individuals, aged 60-79 years, were randomised to receive one of three recruitment m…
Rank98.6
Randomized controlled trial
Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026 · PMID 42127533
INTRODUCTION: Rehabilitation can improve health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) survivors, but they lack structured aftercare to maintain these gains at home. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a co-created digital lifestyle intervention on HRQoL and health-related outcomes in NSCLC survivors following inpatient rehabilitation, alongside a comprehensive process evaluation.
METHODS: This multicenter randomized controlled trial allocated participants (1:1 ratio) to a…
Rank98.6
Randomized controlled trial
Iranian journal of immunology : IJI · 2026 · PMID 42365464
BACKGROUND: Patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) often experience poor clinical outcomes following chemotherapy. Heat-sensitive moxibustion (HSM), a traditional therapeutic intervention, has been reported to improve symptoms and quality of life in patients with cancer.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of HSM in patients with advanced NSCLC following chemotherapy.
METHODS: Between January 2023 and February 2024, patients with advanced NSCLC were enrolled. Eligible patients were randomly assigne…
Rank98.5
Randomized controlled trial
Drug design, development and therapy · 2026 · PMID 42453934
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of hydrogen-oxygen inhalation on nodule diameter and peripheral blood inflammatory factors in patients with small pulmonary nodules (SPNs), and to further analyze its efficacy in the smoking subgroup. The primary endpoint was the change in pulmonary nodule diameter before and after intervention; secondary endpoints included alterations in serum IL-6, CRP, peripheral blood neutrophil count, and Mayo malignant transformation risk score.
METHODS: A total of 59 patients with SPNs conf…
Rank98.0
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: benefit
The Lancet. Oncology · 2026 · PMID 42296979
BACKGROUND: Although third-generation epidermal growth-factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine-kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are standard first-line therapies for patients with advanced EGFR-mutated non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), their effectiveness is often limited by the emergence of drug resistance and subsequent disease progression. Given the previously established clinical efficacy and adverse event profile of aumolertinib, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy and adverse event profile of aumolertinib in combination with…
Rank97.8
Randomized controlled trial
Patient education and counseling · 2026 · PMID 41861710
OBJECTIVE: Fragmentation within the healthcare system is a challenge to continuous care provision internationally. Patients with age-associated and chronic diseases with complex care requirements often face barriers to managing their care. Patient navigation interventions aim to support patients with their individual care coordination needs. Here, we investigate the feasibility and efficacy of a patient-oriented navigation program for stroke and lung cancer patients.
METHODS: Results of two randomized controlled tr…
Rank97.6
Randomized controlled trial
JAMA internal medicine · 2025 · PMID 39804633
IMPORTANCE: The optimal configuration of a smoking cessation intervention in a lung cancer screening (LCS) setting has not yet been established.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of 3 tobacco treatment strategies of increasing integration and intensity in the LCS setting.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: In this randomized clinical trial, LCS-eligible current smokers were randomized into 3 treatments: quitline (QL), QL plus (QL+), or integrated care (IC). The study was conducted from July 2017 to June 2022 at a…
Rank97.6
Randomized controlled trial
Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2026 · PMID 41626753
INTRODUCTION: The Program for LUng cancer screening and TObacco (PLUTO) cessation trial was a sequential, multiple assignments, randomized trial to optimize the delivery of tobacco longitudinal care (TLC), and a 1-year telephone coaching and combination nicotine replacement therapy program. Our analyses tested the effects of the randomized response assessment timepoint.
METHODS: Participants who smoked daily and were eligible for lung cancer screening (n = 636) were randomized to have their response to treatment as…
Rank97.4
Randomized controlled trial
European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990) · 2026 · PMID 42269244
BACKGROUND: Although first-line alectinib is highly effective, outcomes in ALK-positive NSCLC remain variable.
METHODS: We conducted an individual patient-level pooled analysis of the phase III ALEX (NCT02075840) and J-ALEX (JapicCTI-132316) trials to explore new prognostic and predictive factors. The primary endpoint was PFS. Multivariate Cox and random effects models accounted for trials independence. Baseline characteristics analyzed included high vs. low tumor burden (sum of target lesions by RECIST v1.1 above/…
Rank97.2
Randomized controlled trial
Anaesthesia · 2026 · PMID 41815001
INTRODUCTION: Postoperative pulmonary complications are common after lung cancer surgery in older adults. Individualised positive end-expiratory pressure may optimise intra-operative lung mechanics, but its effect on postoperative pulmonary complications is uncertain. We hypothesised that individualised positive end-expiratory pressure would reduce the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications compared with a fixed positive end-expiratory pressure in older patients (age ≥ 60 years) undergoing lung cancer s…
Rank97.2
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null
Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026 · PMID 42127535
BACKGROUND: The phase III APPLE trial evaluated the efficacy of adding bevacizumab to atezolizumab with carboplatin plus pemetrexed (APP) for individuals with advanced nonsquamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We here report the long-term outcomes of this trial with 3.5 years of follow-up.
METHODS: Patients with advanced nonsquamous NSCLC were randomized 1:1 to receive APP or APP plus bevacizumab (APPB). Stratification factors were clinical stage, driver oncogenes, and PD-L1 expression. Endpoints included pro…
Safety And Adverse Effects116 records
Rank112.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement
The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery · 2026 · PMID 42081972
OBJECTIVE: Multimodal therapy is recommended for the optimal treatment of N2 positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Recent advancements in the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors and targeted therapy have dramatically changed the landscape of treatment. We reviewed recent trials and literature to develop consensus statements concerning the evaluation and treatment of potentially resectable NSCLC with N2 involvement.
METHODS: The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Clinical Practice Standards Committee a…
Rank107.6
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: benefit
British journal of pharmacology · 2026 · PMID 41967859
Hand-foot skin reaction (HFSR) is a common adverse effect of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (VEGFR-TKIs), but its prognostic value remained disputable. In this study, we aimed to assess the association between HFSR and survival outcomes in cancer patients receiving VEGFR-TKIs. MEDLINE, Embase and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched from inception to 29 June 2025. Two authors independently selected cohort studies, extracted data and appraised the r…
Rank106.1
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Frontiers in oncology · 2026 · PMID 42534809
BACKGROUND: Patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) inevitably develop resistance to EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy in this setting; however, no meta-analysis has systematically evaluated ADC efficacy and safety specifically in this population.
METHODS: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science for clinical trials evaluating ADCs …
Rank106.0
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: harm
Pulmonology · 2026 · PMID 42339520
BACKGROUND: Although smoking is a well-established risk factor for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) development, its impact on clinical outcomes remains unclear.
RESEARCH QUESTION: Is smoking associated with clinical outcomes of IPF?
METHODS: A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library was conducted to identify studies reporting associations between smoking status and IPF outcomes, including mortality, acute exacerbation (AE), lung cancer development, and baseline lung function. Summary estim…
Rank102.2
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Pulmonology · 2026 · PMID 41560513
BACKGROUND: Clinical guidelines recommend endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) as the initial diagnostic tool for lung cancer staging. However, despite the availability of mediastinal forceps biopsy and cryobiopsy, the optimal diagnostic approaches for other mediastinal conditions remain unclear.
METHODS: We searched multiple databases and sources up to February 21, 2025, and employed single-arm, pairwise, and network meta-analytical approaches to comprehensively evaluate EBU…
Rank96.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Journal of medical economics · 2026 · PMID 42043888
BACKGROUND: Lorlatinib is a third-generation anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) with high central nervous system penetration and activity against resistance mutations. Although its clinical efficacy as first-line treatment for ALK-positive advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been demonstrated, its economic value within the Italian healthcare system remains to be fully established. This study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of lorlatinib compared with alectinib as first-lin…
Rank96.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Asia-Pacific journal of oncology nursing · 2026 · PMID 42472225
OBJECTIVE: To identify, evaluate, and synthesize the best available evidence for respiratory function training (RFT) in perioperative patients with lung cancer, with the aim of providing guidance for clinical practice and facilitating evidence-based decision-making.
METHODS: A dual design of scoping review and evidence synthesis was adopted. We comprehensively searched 9 Chinese and English academic databases, and 13 clinical guideline and professional society platforms, from the inception of each database to Febru…
Rank96.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Current opinion in pharmacology · 2026 · PMID 42537562
BACKGROUND: Afatinib is commonly used in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This systematic review summarizes clinical pharmacokinetics (PK) evidence focusing on the effect of disease state and drug interactions on afatinib exposure.
METHODS: Google Scholar, Science Direct, PubMed, and the Cochrane library were searched for human studies reporting the clinical PK of afatinib. The search yielded 24 articles that met the predefined inclusion criteria.
RESULTS: Afatinib exposure increased slightly mo…
Rank92.1
Randomized clinical study
Journal of robotic surgery · 2026 · PMID 42541518
OBJECTIVE: Periareolar incisions improve cosmesis in video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery, but their use as an assistant port in robotic-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (RATS) has not been formally described. We characterized the learning curve of this approach and compared perioperative outcomes with conventional-portal RATS.
METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 117 consecutive malignant RATS resections performed with a periareolar assistant port (December 2025-June 2026) and 285 conventional-portal cases (January …
Rank88.0
Randomized clinical study
Medical gas research · 2026 · PMID 42157432
FactsPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) is a minimally invasive anticancer modality based on the light-mediated activation of photosensitizers to generate reactive oxygen species and induce tumor cell death.PDT has demonstrated clinical efficacy in treating various tumor types, including esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, lung cancer, skin cancer, bladder cancer, cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, and glioblastoma.The antitumor effects of PDT are mediated not only by direct tumor cell killing but also by vascular damage, imm…
Rank85.0
Randomized clinical study
Vaccines · 2026 · PMID 42506599
Despite significant improvement in long-term survival with the advent of immunotherapy, a substantial proportion of lung cancer patients develop primary and acquired resistance. Among emerging strategies to overcome this challenge, cancer vaccines represent a promising approach, especially for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A variety of vaccine platforms have been investigated, including nucleic acid-based vaccines, peptide vaccines, dendritic cell vaccines, and viral vector-based approaches. To date, cancer v…
Rank85.0
Randomized clinical study
Neoplasia (New York, N.Y.) · 2026 · PMID 42541899
Background Pemetrexed is a cornerstone in advanced non-small cell lung cancer treatment. Although generally well tolerated, severe myelosuppression occurs in 26% of patients. Preventing chemotherapy-associated toxicity has become increasingly important with the introduction of osimertinib combined with pemetrexed-based chemotherapy. Due to substantial toxicity, this regimen is often not administered to frail patients. Folinic acid prophylaxis can mitigate pemetrexed-induced toxicity, however its preventive use has …
Rank79.6
Phase II clinical trial
International journal of cancer · 2026 · PMID 42003237
Immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown promising results in the neoadjuvant treatment of resectable non-small cell lung cancer. This open-label, single-arm, prospective, monocentric trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant atezolizumab plus carboplatin/nab-paclitaxel in patients with resectable non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer. Patients with previously untreated, pathologically confirmed, non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer in stage II, IIIA, and select IIIB (T3N2 only) were treated with a…
Rank77.0
Phase II clinical trial
Oncoimmunology · 2026 · PMID 42126144
Retrospective characterization of cell‒cell relationships in the tumor microenvironment provides significantly better predictive power than PD-L1 expression, tumor mutational burden (TMB), or gene expression profiles. In this small study assessing the safety and possible efficacy of gemcitabine and pembrolizumab in immunotherapy-naïve patients with NSCLC who have received prior treatment, we investigated both standard and novel immune parameters in 16 enrolled patients (NCT03083808). The combination of gemcitabine …
Rank77.0
Phase II clinical trial
Oncoimmunology · 2026 · PMID 41732954
Checkpoint blockade of PD-1 with pembrolizumab provides long-term survival to a significant proportion of patients with metastatic melanoma. Pembrolizumab has been successfully used in combination with chemotherapy in non-small-cell lung cancer to increase the response rate. This phase II trial combined pembrolizumab with carboplatin/paclitaxel (CP) to assess its safety and efficacy, and to identify correlates of responses. Thirty patients without prior immunotherapy for unresectable/metastatic melanoma were treate…
Rank76.5
Multicenter clinical study
The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery · 2026 · PMID 42086164
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the impact of common pathologic features, single or in combination, in patients with early-stage lung adenocarcinoma, according to lung resection extent.
METHODS: A retrospective, multicentric cohort study including patients with cT1a-bN0M0 lung adenocarcinoma and with at least visceral pleural invasion under the surface (PL1) or up to surface (PL2), lymphovascular invasion, spread through air spaces, necrosis, or neural invasion who underwent lobectomy or segmentectomy with systematic lymph…
Rank75.0
Prospective cohort study
International journal of cancer · 2026 · PMID 42071337
Outdoor air pollution, including particulate matter (PM), is a Group 1 carcinogen based on evidence for lung cancer; however, evidence for other cancers is limited. Further research on cancer incidence rather than mortality endpoints is needed as well as examinations in non-smokers. In the Cancer Prevention Study-II Nutrition Cohort, annual predictions of particulate and gaseous pollutant concentrations were assigned to residential addresses. Extended Cox regression estimated hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence i…
Rank75.0
Multicenter clinical study
Annals of medicine · 2026 · PMID 42145107
OBJECTIVES: While immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) continue to transform the neoadjuvant treatment, its association with postoperative acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF) remains unexplored. This study aims to assess the association between neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy (nICT) and postoperative AHRF risk following thoracic tumour surgeries and identify the risk subgroups.
METHODS: This retrospective two-centre cohort study included 327 patients receiving nICT (n = 167) or neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy (…
Rank72.8
Multicenter clinical study
Advances in therapy · 2026 · PMID 42176185
INTRODUCTION: The single-arm phase 1/2 LIBRETTO-001 trial demonstrated durable efficacy and a favorable safety profile with the selective RET inhibitor (RETi) selpercatinib in patients with RET fusion-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), regardless of prior non-RET-selective treatment. The aim of this study (RECALIB-RET), comparison of outcomes with first-line (1L) non-RET-selective therapy in a real-world external control arm to the LIBRETTO-001 selpercatinib-treated population, was precluded by a small re…
Rank70.0
Multicenter clinical study
Journal of bronchology & interventional pulmonology · 2026 · PMID 42459019
RATIONALE: Robotic-assisted bronchoscopy platforms are becoming ubiquitous to aid in sampling peripheral pulmonary nodules. A head-to-head performance between the 2 widely available platforms (Ion and Monarch) has not been investigated.
OBJECTIVES: To explore differences in diagnostic yield and safety parameters of the Ion and Monarch platforms. A secondary objective was to elucidate radiographic features of nodules that predicted procedural success.
METHODS: A retrospective, 2-site cohort study of adult patients s…
Rank69.3
Prospective cohort study
Cancer letters · 2026 · PMID 42431392
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) is regarded as a major breakthrough in lung cancer treatment. However, the limited response rates and immune-related adverse events associated with ICB present major challenges in clinical practice. To predict the immunotherapy response, we developed the CCCNP signature comprising 5 immune checkpoint molecules (CD226, CD276, CTLA-4, Nectin-2, and PD-L1) in "driver gene-negative" lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Immune checkpoint signatures were identified from large, retrospectively coll…
Rank67.6
Phase I clinical trial
The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery · 2026 · PMID 41881390
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of neoadjuvant injection of the viral mimic poly-ICLC (polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid-poly-l-lysine carboxymethylcellulose) in patients with pleural mesothelioma undergoing curative-intent surgical resection.
METHODS: Patients with documented pleural mesothelioma who were deemed resectable underwent intratumoral injection of poly-ICLC 2-4 weeks prior to planned curative-intent surgery. Safety and toxicity were the primary endpoints. Secondary endpoints were postoperative complicatio…
Rank67.6
Phase I clinical trial
Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology · 2024 · PMID 38451273
PURPOSE: Tiragolumab is an immunoglobulin G1 monoclonal antibody targeting the immune checkpoint T cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin and immunoreceptor ITIM domains. Targeting multiple immune pathways may improve anti-tumor responses. The phase I YP42514 study assessed the pharmacokinetics (PK), safety, and preliminary efficacy of tiragolumab plus atezolizumab in Chinese patients with advanced solid tumors.
METHODS: Adult patients from mainland China with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance score 0…
Rank63.0
Phase I clinical trialCorrection flagged
Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology · 2024 · PMID 38206370
PURPOSE: Tiragolumab is a monoclonal antibody that binds to the inhibitory immune checkpoint TIGIT (T-cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains). In early phase clinical trials, tiragolumab in combination with the programmed death-ligand 1-inhibitor atezolizumab was well tolerated and has demonstrated preliminary anti-tumor activity in patients with advanced/metastatic solid tumors. We report the results of a phase I study of tiragolumab plus atezolizumab in Japanese patients (jRCT2080224926).
METHODS: Japanese …
Rank54.3
Other PubMed-indexed publication
BMC cancer · 2026 · PMID 42321691
BACKGROUND: Survival outcomes for patients with cancer undergoing hemodialysis (HD) are poorer than those for patients not undergoing HD, possibly owing to altered chemotherapy protocols or undertreatment to address renal impairment and drug toxicity concerns. Adjuvant chemotherapy should be administered appropriately with evidence-based drug selection. However, in patients undergoing HD, the administration of adjuvant chemotherapy and its association with prognosis remain unclear. We evaluated the association betw…
Treatments That Failed Clinical Trials59 records
Rank99.7
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null
Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology · 2025 · PMID 41202374
BACKGROUND: Interventions for chemotherapy-induced neutropenia are often limited by their adverse effects and significant costs.
PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Shengbai Oral Solution (SBOS) in reducing neutropenia and alleviating the moderate-to-severe symptom burden in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) undergoing platinum-based chemotherapy.
STUDY DESIGN: Multicenter, open-label, randomized clinical trial.
METHODS: This study included 215 patients with NSCLC from 17 hospitals in Chi…
Rank99.3
Randomized controlled trial
Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026 · PMID 42134900
BACKGROUND: Circadian biology suggests that synchronizing immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) dosing with morning peaks in immune activation could improve clinical outcomes, but well-powered studies using appropriate causal inference methodology are sparse.
METHODS: We emulated a pragmatic randomized controlled trial of AM versus PM ICI infusions using Veterans Health Administration records from 2010 to 2024. In the emulated trial, stage IV non-small-cell lung cancer patients planned to undergo first-line or second-l…
Rank98.5
Randomized controlled trial
Drug design, development and therapy · 2026 · PMID 42453934
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of hydrogen-oxygen inhalation on nodule diameter and peripheral blood inflammatory factors in patients with small pulmonary nodules (SPNs), and to further analyze its efficacy in the smoking subgroup. The primary endpoint was the change in pulmonary nodule diameter before and after intervention; secondary endpoints included alterations in serum IL-6, CRP, peripheral blood neutrophil count, and Mayo malignant transformation risk score.
METHODS: A total of 59 patients with SPNs conf…
Rank97.8
Randomized controlled trial
Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026 · PMID 41500083
BACKGROUND: In NSCLC, TP53 mutations are heterogeneous with varied effects on protein synthesis, function and clinical outcomes. We hypothesize that a refined classification of TP53 mutations, beyond binary categorization, could improve prognostication. Furthermore, specific mutations could be associated with enhanced benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) versus chemotherapy. To investigate this, we analyzed data from randomized trials (OAK and POPLAR) which compared atezolizumab to chemotherapy in previo…
Rank97.6
Randomized controlled trial
The Lancet. Respiratory medicine · 2026 · PMID 41354044
BACKGROUND: Whether the addition of bevacizumab to a programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitor plus chemotherapy can provide further survival benefits as first-line treatment in non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) without EGFR sensitising mutations, or ALK/ROS1 rearrangements, is unknown. We evaluated serplulimab (an anti-PD-1 antibody) plus HLX04 (a bevacizumab biosimilar) and chemotherapy in non-squamous NSCLC.
METHODS: ASTRUM-002 is a randomised, double-blind, multicentre, phase 3 trial with a…
Rank97.5
Randomized controlled trial
The Lancet. Oncology · 2026 · PMID 41825453
BACKGROUND: PD-1 and PD-L1 inhibitors have been shown to synergise with anti-angiogenic agents in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We aimed to compare benmelstobart plus anlotinib with pembrolizumab in patients with previously untreated, driver gene-negative, PD-L1-positive, advanced NSCLC.
METHODS: The blinded, randomised, controlled, phase 3 CAMPASS trial was conducted in 79 centres across China. Patients aged 18-75 years with stage IIIB-IV squamous or non-squamous NSCLC, no previous systemic treatment for adv…
Rank97.4
Randomized controlled trial
European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990) · 2026 · PMID 42269244
BACKGROUND: Although first-line alectinib is highly effective, outcomes in ALK-positive NSCLC remain variable.
METHODS: We conducted an individual patient-level pooled analysis of the phase III ALEX (NCT02075840) and J-ALEX (JapicCTI-132316) trials to explore new prognostic and predictive factors. The primary endpoint was PFS. Multivariate Cox and random effects models accounted for trials independence. Baseline characteristics analyzed included high vs. low tumor burden (sum of target lesions by RECIST v1.1 above/…
Rank97.2
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null
Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026 · PMID 42127535
BACKGROUND: The phase III APPLE trial evaluated the efficacy of adding bevacizumab to atezolizumab with carboplatin plus pemetrexed (APP) for individuals with advanced nonsquamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We here report the long-term outcomes of this trial with 3.5 years of follow-up.
METHODS: Patients with advanced nonsquamous NSCLC were randomized 1:1 to receive APP or APP plus bevacizumab (APPB). Stratification factors were clinical stage, driver oncogenes, and PD-L1 expression. Endpoints included pro…
Rank97.0
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null
European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2026 · PMID 41801367
BACKGROUND: The prognostic value of baseline 18F-FDG PET/CT-derived metrics in limited-stage small-cell lung cancer (LS-SCLC) remains uncertain. We evaluated whether baseline PET-derived parameters provide prognostic information beyond tumour volume and clinical factors in patients treated with curative-intent chemoradiotherapy within the phase III CONVERT trial. METHODS: CONVERT was an international, multi-centre randomised controlled trial. This study is a post-hoc analysis of baseline 18F-FDG PET/CT from the mul…
Rank96.8
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null
European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990) · 2026 · PMID 41702246
INTRODUCTION: More stage III non-small-cell lung cancer patients experience long-term survival (OS). ESPATUE-trial looked at surgery versus boost-radiochemotherapy following induction chemotherapy, consisting of three cycles of cisplatin 50 mg/m2 on days 1 and 8 and paclitaxel 175 mg/m2 on day 1 every 21 days, as well as concurrent chemoradiotherapy to 45 Gy given as 1.5 Gy twice daily, concurrent cisplatin 50 mg/m2 on days 2 and 9, and concurrent vinorelbine 20 mg/m2 on days 2 and 9 (Eberhardt et al, J Clin Oncol …
Rank96.7
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null
Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026 · PMID 42000139
INTRODUCTION: We aimed to evaluate the long-term follow-up overall survival (OS) of irinotecan plus cisplatin (IP) versus etoposide plus cisplatin (EP) as postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with pathological Stage I-IIIA high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma (HGNEC) of the lung.
METHODS: The JCOG1205/1206 randomized, open-label, phase III study compared the efficacy of IP and EP as adjuvant chemotherapy. Patients with pathological Stage I-IIIA and completely resected HGNEC of the lung were randomized to …
Rank96.4
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null
International journal of surgery (London, England) · 2026 · PMID 40928365
BACKGROUND: Percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy (PTNB) guided by computed tomography (CT) greatly depends on the operators' skill for accuracy. This study aimed to evaluate whether three-dimensionally (3D)-printed navigational templates for PTNB achieve diagnostic yield comparable to conventional CT guidance.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Conducted from 1 November 2020 to 27 July 2023, this noninferiority randomized clinical trial included 159 patients with peripheral lung masses (≥30 mm). The analyses were performed…
Rank96.3
Randomized controlled trial
Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025 · PMID 41187466
INTRODUCTION: In the phase III LUNAR study, overall survival (OS) with PD-(L)1 inhibitor or docetaxel was improved by adding Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) therapy in patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer progressing on/after platinum-based therapy. This post-hoc analysis evaluated the effects of body mass index (BMI) on TTFields delivery.
METHODS: OS was assessed in LUNAR patients with BMI < 25 kg/m2 versus ≥ 25 kg/m2. TTFields intensity was evaluated via simulations using three array layouts in co…
Rank96.3
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null
Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2025 · PMID 41222736
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to observe and compare the efficacy and safety of different anticoagulants combined with immunotherapy and chemotherapy for advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
METHODS: In this prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial, treatment-naïve subjects with stage I I I B- I V NSCLC were enrolled and randomly assigned to the control group (tislelizumab + chemotherapy), low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) group (LMWH + tislelizumab + chemotherapy), and rivaroxaban group (rivaroxab…
Rank96.2
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null
BMC anesthesiology · 2026 · PMID 41794665
BACKGROUND: Elevated high-sensitivity troponin T levels shortly after noncardiac surgery are closely linked to myocardial injury, a key factor in 30-day postoperative mortality. Intravenous lidocaine, known for its potent anti-inflammatory and membrane-stabilizing properties, has shown cardioprotective potential in other surgical settings, but its efficacy in noncardiac thoracic surgery remains unclear. OBJECTIVES: This study was a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial. Participants were randomly alloca…
Rank96.2
Randomized controlled trial
Journal of cardiothoracic surgery · 2026 · PMID 42010447
BACKGROUND: Preoperative respiratory prehabilitation has attracted increasing attention as a perioperative strategy in thoracic surgery, but evidence regarding its short-term effects on early postoperative functional recovery remains limited. This randomized controlled trial investigated the effect of a 7-day preoperative respiratory prehabilitation program on postoperative pulmonary function, cardiopulmonary exercise capacity, and postoperative complications in patients undergoing curative-intent lung resection fo…
Rank96.1
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null
Zhongguo fei ai za zhi = Chinese journal of lung cancer · 2026 · PMID 41975647
BACKGROUND: Leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) is a severe complication of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Although intrathecal Pemetrexed chemotherapy can effectively prolong patient survival, a high incidence of neurotoxicity has emerged as a critical factor limiting its clinical application. This study aims to investigate the efficacy and safety of Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu decoction (HGWD) in mitigating neurotoxicity induced by intrathecal Pemetrexed chemotherapy in NSCLC patients with LM.
METHODS: In a prospective, …
Rank95.9
Randomized controlled trial
Cancer medicine · 2026 · PMID 42036773
BACKGROUND: Although physical activity is associated with improved survival in lung cancer, most patients remain inactive. This study examined the impact of an oncologist's recommendation on exercise quantity, sedentary behavior, and quality of life (QoL) in patients with lung cancer.
METHODS: In this single-blind, 3-arm randomized controlled trial, patients with lung cancer (stages I-IV) were assigned to: (1) usual care, (2) the oncologist's verbal and written exercise recommendation, or (3) the recommendation plu…
Rank95.8
Randomized controlled trial
Thoracic cancer · 2026 · PMID 41622760
BACKGROUND: Lobectomy, a cornerstone in the treatment of various thoracic tumors, often requires postoperative chest drainage to prevent complications such as pneumothorax and pleural effusion. Traditional water-seal drainage systems have limitations, including inconvenience and restricted patient mobility.
METHODS: This study investigated the safety and efficiency of a disposable dry seal chest drainage system compared to the traditional water-seal system in lobectomy patients. An open-label randomized controlled …
Rank95.8
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null
Journal of investigative surgery : the official journal of the Academy of Surgical Research · 2025 · PMID 39756799
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of co-administration of midazolam and dexmedetomidine on hemodynamics and stress response in elderly patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
METHODS: In this prospective, randomized controlled trial, 154 elderly NSCLC patients scheduled for lobectomy in our oncology department from January 2019 to December 2021 were recruited. Patients were randomized 1:1 to receive either dexmedetomidine (control group) or dexmedetomidine plus midazolam (study group) for…
Rank95.7
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null
Applied nursing research : ANR · 2025 · PMID 41330645
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of evidence-based nursing intervention guided by a quantitative evaluation strategy on psychological resilience and illness perception in lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.
METHODS: A total of 142 lung cancer patients receiving chemotherapy from March 2024 to March 2025 were enrolled and randomly divided into a study group (receiving evidence-based nursing intervention under a quantitative evaluation strategy, n = 71) and a control group (receiving routine nursing, n …
Rank95.6
Randomized controlled trial
Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2026 · PMID 41537692
PURPOSE: Perioperative chemoimmunotherapy is the standard of care for resectable, locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Although pathologic complete response (pCR) correlates with excellent survival outcomes, some patients without pCR still exhibit long-term survival. In this study, we evaluate the added value of minimal residual disease (MRD).
EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: MRD was assessed in 60 patients from the NADIM II trial (NCT03838159) using the Guardant Reveal assay. In NADIM II, patients with NSCLC w…
Rank95.6
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: mixed
BMC cancer · 2026 · PMID 41888696
BACKGROUND: Diffuse Pleural Mesothelioma (DPM) is an aggressive cancer with limited treatment options and a poor prognosis. Maintenance therapy has emerged as a potential strategy to delay disease progression following first-line chemotherapy. This study evaluates the efficacy and safety of gemcitabine maintenance therapy compared to best supportive care (BSC) in patients with unresectable DPM. METHODS: This single-center, randomized, phase II, open-label trial included 64 patients with unresectable DPM who achieve…
Rank95.6
Randomized controlled trial
Medicine and science in sports and exercise · 2026 · PMID 41851742
PURPOSE: To evaluate long-term extended effects of 20 wk of high-intensity training (HIT) performed shortly after lung cancer surgery on physical fitness, muscle mass, pulmonary function, quality of life (QoL), and survival.
METHODS: All participants in the original HIT-trial were invited 5 yr after surgery. Original measures were repeated by the same technician and equipment. All-cause mortality was registered 5- and 10-yr postsurgery.
RESULTS: Of 61 patients who completed the 20-wk intervention, 40 (66%) were ali…
Rank95.6
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null
ANZ journal of surgery · 2026 · PMID 41800747
OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical efficacy of the progressive suspension method and conventional thoracoscopic pulmonary resection in right upper lobectomy.
METHODS: A prospective cohort study was conducted involving 60 patients admitted to the Department of Thoracic Surgery at Cangzhou Central Hospital from January 2024 to March 2025. Patients were randomly divided into the observation group (n = 30, using the progressive suspension method, including 15 cases of trans-thoracic puncture fixation and 15 cases of in…
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