Cancer evidence library
Melanoma
PubMed-indexed evidence for cutaneous melanoma, systemic therapy, surgery, biomarkers, and experimental treatment.
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Melanoma
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Complete Ranked PubMed Index
The retrieval-priority score orders records using publication type, recency, sample-size signals, and replication signals. It is not a recommendation or a formal risk-of-bias grade.
Current Standard Of Care60 records
Rank112.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement
The Journal of dermatology · 2025 · PMID 40511899
Advancements in melanoma management have underscored the need for periodic guideline updates every few years to reflect current clinical practices. Previous versions of melanoma clinical practice guidelines in Japan have primarily aimed to reflect global standards of care. This focus on international benchmarks was largely attributed to the scarcity of high-quality evidence from East Asia, necessitating reliance on Western references. Recent findings indicate differences in melanoma subtypes and drug efficacy betwe…
Rank112.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement
Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology · 2026 · PMID 41469296
BACKGROUND: Practice-changing clinical trials for novel therapeutic regimens administered in the neoadjuvant setting have been reported for multiple cancer types, bringing this treatment strategy to the forefront for patients with high-risk surgically resectable disease. Previously, tumor-type- or therapy-type-specific scoring systems were used for pathologic response assessment. The goal of this effort is to update, harmonize, and standardize the emerging system(s) for pathologic response assessment and data captu…
Rank110.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement
Journal of the American College of Radiology : JACR · 2026 · PMID 41823939
This document provides a comprehensive overview of the evidence supporting different imaging modalities and techniques used for the staging and surveillance of patients with cutaneous, mucocutaneous, and ocular melanoma. Guidelines are provided based on nodal status, presence of metastases at baseline, suspected metastases, and local stage. The American College of Radiology Appropriateness Criteria are evidence-based guidelines for specific clinical conditions that are reviewed annually by a multidisciplinary exper…
Rank110.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement
Bulletin du cancer · 2025 · PMID 40628555
Uveal melanoma (UM) is a rare malignancy originating from uveal melanocytes. Despite effective control of the primary tumour, metastatic uveal melanoma (MUM) occurs in approximately 20-30% of patients, primarily affecting the liver, with a poor prognosis and overall survival (OS). The unique molecular profile of UM, lacking BRAF, NRAS, and KIT mutations, limits targeted therapy efficacy. Chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) also show limited benefits, while tebentafusp has emerged as the first drug …
Rank110.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement
European annals of otorhinolaryngology, head and neck diseases · 2026 · PMID 42106208
AIMS: The authors present the guidelines of the REFCOR (French Rare Head-and-Neck Cancer Expert Network) for sinonasal mucosal melanoma.
METHODS: A multidisciplinary working group made a systematic review of the literature. The formalized expert consensus methodology was followed in drawing up recommendations, which were presented according to the degree of agreement between members of the review group.
RESULTS: Strong agreement: it is recommended to perform systematic regional and remote extension assessment at di…
Rank110.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement
European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990) · 2025 · PMID 40885127
UK Guidelines for the management of uveal melanoma (UM) were first published in 2015 using an evidence-based systematic approach. The primary aim of this guideline was to optimise patient care by providing recommendations based on the best available scientific evidence. The resulting guideline reflected the strengths and weaknesses of the available evidence, made recommendations that were clinically impactful around prognostication, surveillance, and treatment for patients with primary lesions and metastatic diseas…
Rank110.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement
Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft = Journal of the German Society of Dermatology : JDDG · 2025 · PMID 41243460
Non-invasive imaging techniques allow a quick and easy in vivo examination of the skin with different penetration depths and resolution depending on the applied technology. Established methods such as dermoscopy and high-resolution sonography of the skin have been an integral part of everyday life for decades. Additionally, new emerging techniques such as optical coherence tomography (OCT), reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM), and line-field confocal OCT (LC-OCT) have entered clinical practice. Multiphoton tomogr…
Rank110.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statementCorrection flagged
Journal of medical genetics · 2025 · PMID 40350252
Constitutional or germline pathogenic variants (GPVs) in protection of telomeres 1 (POT1) are associated with a variety of tumours resulting in the recognition of POT1-tumour predisposition syndrome (POT1-TPDS). These tumours may include cutaneous melanoma, angiosarcoma, haematological malignancy and brain tumours. Due to the rarity of POT1 GPVs and limited available data, the overall lifetime cancer risks for individuals with POT1-TPDS are unclear. Furthermore, there is scant evidence to support the role of survei…
Rank110.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement
European annals of otorhinolaryngology, head and neck diseases · 2026 · PMID 41735111
INTRODUCTION: The present REFCOR guidelines define indications for radiotherapy in sinonasal carcinoma and mucosal melanoma.
METHODS: They result from multidisciplinary consensus based on a critical review of the literature, feedback from expert centers, and a structured process to harmonize clinical practice across France.
RESULTS: Indications for radiotherapy are determined by tumor-specific characteristics and histoprognostic factors. In France, treatment decisions for these tumors are discussed in regional or n…
Rank110.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement
Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network : JNCCN · 2026 · PMID 42297031
The NCCN Guidelines for Melanoma: Cutaneous provide strategies for the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of patients with cutaneous melanoma, which is among the most common cancers in the United States. The outcome of cutaneous melanoma is significantly influenced by stage at initial presentation. Generally, localized disease and smaller primary tumors have been associated with more favorable prognosis. Thus, the select content featured in this issue focuses on risk factors associated with cutaneous melanoma deve…
Rank110.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement
The American journal of gastroenterology · 2025 · PMID 40701559
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) often consider their gastroenterologist to be the primary provider of care. To improve the care delivered to patients with IBD, health maintenance issues need to be addressed by the gastroenterology team. In particular, documentation and recommendation for vaccinations are crucial because more than 70% of patients with IBD will at some time be on immune-modifying therapies that may increase the risk for infections, many of which are preventable with vaccinations. Healt…
Rank105.7
Systematic review or meta-analysis
European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026 · PMID 40835773
PURPOSE: Spinal metastases affect up to 70% of systemic cancer patients, with overall survival averaging less than six months. Traditional chemotherapeutic agents have unsatisfactory results, leading to immunotherapy (IT) investigations. There is no clear consensus on the benefits and risks of IT for spinal tumors. This study assesses the current literature to determine IT safety and survival efficacy for tumors involving spinal column.
METHODS: Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search was conducted across …
Rank103.7
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Clinical & experimental ophthalmology · 2026 · PMID 40990144
BACKGROUND: Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary intraocular tumour. Despite effective local therapies, UM has a high risk of metastatic recurrence, most frequently to the liver. A significant proportion of patients treated definitively for primary UM eventually experience metastatic disease. Systemic surveillance to detect recurrence is critical to maximise therapeutic options. Whilst international guidelines exist, there are currently no standardised Australian guidelines for surveillance imaging. This …
Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Cutaneous and ocular toxicology · 2025 · PMID 41091454
PURPOSE: Ionizing radiation-induced glaucoma (IRG) is an uncommon yet vision-threatening complication that presents primarily as neovascular glaucoma (NVG) after high-dose exposure and normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) after low-dose exposure. Despite increasing recognition, its dose-response relationship, mechanisms, and optimal management remain poorly defined. This review evaluates the clinical spectrum, pathogenesis, and therapeutic approaches of IRG to inform future research and practice.
METHODS: A systematic lit…
Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: benefit
BMC primary care · 2025 · PMID 41315984
CONTEXT: Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies are increasingly used for image recognition, especially for skin lesions. Due to what may be long wait times for dermatology appointments, general practitioners (GPs) are the gatekeepers when it comes to skin diseases requiring rapid treatments.
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to examine the diagnostic accuracy of AI in diagnosing skin lesions encountered in primary care and to perform a meta-analysis of AI's in diagnostic accuracy for melanoma detection.
METHODOLOGY: T…
Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2025 · PMID 40616290
BACKGROUND: Oral supplementation with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs) has shown beneficial effects in some dermatologic diseases (i.e., atopic dermatitis, acne, psoriasis, burns), but the actual effect of local application of ω-3 PUFAs for improving skin health is still under investigation.
AIMS: This paper systematically reviewed the current articles regarding the use of topical ω-3 PUFAs in the treatment of skin diseases to evaluate its efficacy and safety.
METHODS: The review was conducted accord…
Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis
European annals of otorhinolaryngology, head and neck diseases · 2026 · PMID 41720745
INTRODUCTION: The first guidelines of the French Expertise Network on Rare ENT Cancers (REFCOR) on the management of nasal cavity and sinus cancer date back to 2009. The objective of the present study was to update these guidelines using a search of the literature between 2009 and 2020.
METHOD: The literature analysis was carried out using PRISMA criteria to enrich the previous literature review; 250 studies were selected out of 1696 analyzed. General considerations were formulated, common to all histologies and sp…
Rank87.0
Randomized clinical study
International ophthalmology · 2025 · PMID 40824502
PURPOSE: To provide a comprehensive overview of the existing understanding regarding the clinical characteristics, diagnostic investigation, and treatment strategies for autoimmune retinopathy (AIR). To emphasize the lack of consensus in the field and the ongoing controversies regarding best practices.
METHODS: Narrative review of the literature on PubMed and Google Scholar databases.
RESULTS: AIR comprises a group of rare autoimmune disorders causing retinal degeneration, characterized by rapid vision deterioratio…
Rank75.6
Multicenter clinical study
Immunotherapy · 2025 · PMID 41367243
BACKGROUND: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are pivotal in systemic anticancer therapy. The aim of the study was to investigate incidence, severity and consequences of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in ICI combinations by comparing different adverse events classification systems.
METHODS: A retrospective multicentre cohort study included patients treated with ICI combinations. IrAEs were assessed by CTCAE v.5, NCC MERP index and SITC consensus for chronic irAEs.
RESULTS: Among 612 patients, 244 (40%) exp…
Rank73.6
Multicenter clinical studyResult signal: null
Clinical and experimental dermatology · 2026 · PMID 41078104
BACKGROUND: Labial melanotic macules (LaMMs) are benign pigmented lesions that typically present as solitary patches on the lower lip. While their dermoscopic features have been previously described, limited data exist on how these features vary across different skin phototypes.
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the dermoscopic differences of LaMMs in individuals with darker skin phototypes and compare them with LaMMs and mucosal melanomas in individuals with lighter skin phototypes.
METHODS: This retrospective study anal…
Rank73.0
Multicenter clinical study
Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2026 · PMID 41176254
BACKGROUND: Ultraviolet-induced fluorescent dermoscopy (UVFD) is a novel dermoscopic technique that has shown potential to improve diagnostic accuracy for select conditions in small case series. However, its performance has not yet been assessed in a large cohort of cutaneous tumors.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of UVFD in cutaneous tumors.
METHODS: This retrospective, multicenter study included consecutive lesions assessed at 3 tertiary care clinics in Chile, France, and Poland. Standard polarized dermoscopic i…
Rank70.0
Multicenter clinical study
Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft = Journal of the German Society of Dermatology : JDDG · 2026 · PMID 41273148
BACKGROUND: Adjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and targeted therapy (TT) have revolutionized treatment management for patients with melanoma. However, the current German S3 guideline does not differentiate between patients with and without adjuvant therapy in its recommendations for imaging intervals and follow-up monitoring, leading to variability in clinical practice. This study provides an overview of surveillance practices among skin cancer centers in the German Dermatologic Cooperative Oncology Group …
Rank53.6
Other PubMed-indexed publication
Experimental dermatology · 2025 · PMID 41229385
Current prognostic evaluation in melanoma primarily relies on traditional histopathological and clinical staging evaluation; however, these conventional approaches exhibit limited accuracy and fail to account for individual patient heterogeneity. To address these limitations, we developed a machine learning-driven prognostic signature, with the objectives of identifying pivotal biomarkers and establishing a precision medicine framework for prognostic assessment in melanoma management. Bulk RNA-seq data of 636 melan…
Rank51.9
Other PubMed-indexed publication
The British journal of dermatology · 2026 · PMID 41742701
BACKGROUND: The clinical significance of B cells and the antibodies they express is increasingly appreciated in melanoma, a highly immunogenic tumour, for which immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy is the standard care for advanced disease.
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the phenotypes and roles of B cells and antibodies in patients with melanoma, and their prognostic and predictive value, in a scoping review following PRISMA-ScR reporting guidelines.
METHODS: Using three search engines, we conducted literature searc…
Rank51.7
Other PubMed-indexed publication
Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV · 2025 · PMID 40035439
BACKGROUND: It is essential to identify individuals with the highest risk of developing melanoma and to withhold individuals from surveillance with a low risk. However, international consensus on surveillance indications and the role of family history is still lacking.
OBJECTIVES: To provide more insight into the association between a family history of melanoma and the risk of developing melanoma.
METHODS: Adults who participated in the surveillance programme of the University Medical Center Groningen between June …
Diagnosis And Screening60 records
Rank108.4
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: harm
Critical reviews in oncology/hematology · 2026 · PMID 42128245
BACKGROUND: Pregnancy-associated melanoma (PAM) - melanoma diagnosed during pregnancy or within 12 months postpartum - raises concern that physiological immune adaptations may worsen tumour outcomes, yet whether PAM independently confers worse survival remains unresolved.
METHODS: We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Cochrane CENTRAL, and ClinicalTrials.gov for observational studies comparing survival in PAM versus non-PAM women reporting adjusted hazard ratios. Risk of bias was assessed with ROBINS-E. Four pre-spec…
Rank102.6
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: mixed
International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery · 2026 · PMID 42025485
Oral mucosal melanoma (OMM) is a rare and aggressive malignancy with a generally poor prognosis. Reliable prognostic markers for OMM are scarce, complicating disease management and patient counselling. Tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) have shown prognostic value in other cancers, but their potential as a biomarker in OMM is not yet well defined. Hence, a systematic literature review, following the PRISMA guidelines, was conducted. The PubMed and Embase databases were searched for studies reporting on TILs in …
Rank98.4
Randomized controlled trial
Medical decision making : an international journal of the Society for Medical Decision Making · 2026 · PMID 42289825
BACKGROUND: Alternative diagnostic labels for melanoma in situ may better reflect its lower risk (15-y survival of 98%) compared with invasive melanoma (10-y survival ranging from 98% for American Joint Committee on Cancer stage IA to 19% for stage IV).
DESIGN: Secondary analysis of an online randomized experiment in Australian adults without melanoma. Participants were randomized to a hypothetical diagnosis of "melanoma in situ (MIS)" (control), "low-risk melanocytic neoplasm," or "low-risk melanocytic neoplasm, i…
Rank88.8
Randomized clinical study
Annals of surgical oncology · 2026 · PMID 42177374
BACKGROUND: Randomized trials demonstrated superior outcomes with neoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) compared with adjuvant ICI alone for patients with resectable macroscopic melanoma. However, the optimal perioperative strategy remains undetermined, and biomarkers are lacking. Real-world data reporting the feasibility of limited resection and the utility of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in predicting melanoma recurrence could help inform optimal practice.
METHODS: Retrospective data regarding treatment…
Rank77.0
Phase II clinical trial
Oncoimmunology · 2026 · PMID 41732954
Checkpoint blockade of PD-1 with pembrolizumab provides long-term survival to a significant proportion of patients with metastatic melanoma. Pembrolizumab has been successfully used in combination with chemotherapy in non-small-cell lung cancer to increase the response rate. This phase II trial combined pembrolizumab with carboplatin/paclitaxel (CP) to assess its safety and efficacy, and to identify correlates of responses. Thirty patients without prior immunotherapy for unresectable/metastatic melanoma were treate…
Rank63.0
Observational or cohort study
Anticancer research · 2026 · PMID 42527077
BACKGROUND/AIM: Outcomes in cutaneous melanoma have improved significantly with the introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). However, a subset of patients remains refractory to ICIs. Dacarbazine is a well-established chemotherapy option for melanoma, and National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) guidelines continue to recommend it as a systemic anticancer treatment for unresectable stage III and IV melanoma. With the introduction of ICI and targeted treatments, BRAF/MEK inhibitors, th…
Rank60.0
Observational or cohort study
Experimental dermatology · 2026 · PMID 42528320
Nevus-associated melanoma (NAM) is histologically defined by coexisting nevus and melanoma components, yet the nevus component is frequently not visible on dermoscopy. We performed a retrospective, single-centre observational study including histologically diagnosed NAMs (2011-2024). Dermoscopic images were assessed independently by two readers. Histopathology was systematically revised to quantify nevus proportion, size, and depth. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression evaluated associations with (a) in…
Rank52.0
Other PubMed-indexed publication
Journal of investigative surgery : the official journal of the Academy of Surgical Research · 2026 · PMID 42446161
OBJECTIVE: Metastatic melanoma has a poor prognosis. This study aimed to develop and validate era-specific nomograms for Stage IV (M1a-c) melanoma and assess the survival impact of surgery across two eras.
METHODS: This retrospective Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) study included 3,319 stage IV melanoma patients divided into pre-immunotherapy era (2001-2005, n = 622) and early immunotherapy era (2011-2015, n = 2,697) cohorts. Cox regression identified overall survival (OS) prognostic factors. Era…
Rank51.8
Other PubMed-indexed publication
ESMO real world data and digital oncology · 2026 · PMID 42383193
BACKGROUND: The costs of cancer therapies are rising rapidly worldwide, with novel therapies such as targeted treatment and immunotherapies being major contributors, but their effectiveness can be low or uncertain due to limited postmarket surveillance. Reliable biomarkers to identify patients highly unlikely to respond to cancer therapies represent an increasingly important clinical and societal need, as they could prevent unnecessary treatments, reduce side effects, and alleviate pressure on health care systems.
…
Rank51.1
Other PubMed-indexed publication
American journal of ophthalmology · 2026 · PMID 42128079
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prognostic significance of one-year tumor volume regression (TVR) following low-dose-rate iodine-125 episcleral plaque brachytherapy (EPBT) in patients with uveal melanoma.
DESIGN: Retrospective single-center clinical cohort study.
PARTICIPANTS: A total of 1,180 patients with uveal melanoma treated with low-dose-rate iodine-125 EPBT delivered at 52.8 cGy/h over 168 hours at a large academic medical center with an ocular oncology service between 1984 and 2022. Patients had tumor ultrasound…
Rank50.3
Other PubMed-indexed publication
Epigenetics · 2026 · PMID 42118848
Cutaneous melanoma (CM) is highly invasive with limited prognostic tools, and the prognostic relevance of lactylation, a novel post-translational modification, remains unexplored. We developed a lactylation-related prognostic model using relative methylation orderings from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) melanoma cohort (n = 458), which was validated in two dependent cohorts (n = 241). Comprehensive analyses of immune infiltration, therapy efficacy, drug sensitivity, and tumour mutation burden were conducted between…
Rank49.4
Other PubMed-indexed publication
Melanoma research · 2026 · PMID 42301209
Stage IIB-IIC cutaneous melanomas carry a substantial risk of recurrence and disease-related mortality despite complete surgical excision, highlighting the need for reliable prognostic biomarkers. We retrospectively analyzed 153 patients with stage IIB-IIC cutaneous melanoma who underwent surgery at the Instituto Valenciano de Oncología between May 2000 and August 2024. Recurrence-free survival (RFS), disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) were estimated using Kaplan-Meier methods. Associations betw…
Rank49.4
Other PubMed-indexed publication
Journal of surgical oncology · 2026 · PMID 42057335
BACKGROUND: Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is standard for staging high-risk melanoma, but current mapping provides limited spatial guidance. This pilot study assessed whether augmented reality (AR) projected 3D models can improve sentinel node localization compared with the gamma probe.
METHODS: In this prospective study, 10 melanoma patients undergoing SLNB at Sheba Medical Center had preoperative sentinel lymphoscintigraphy using SPECT/CT imaging segmented to generate patient-specific 3D models. Models were p…
Rank48.4
Other PubMed-indexed publicationResult signal: harm
Oral oncology · 2026 · PMID 42470801
BACKGROUND: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is an aggressive malignancy with high mortality rates, often exhibiting resistance to conventional treatments such as radiotherapy (RT) or a combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy (CRT). The nerve growth factor receptor (NGFR, also known as p75NTR or CD271) is a well-established cancer stem cell marker in melanoma, where it has been linked to resistance to multiple therapies. In HNSCC, NGFR has been reported as a poor prognostic marker, with its overex…
Rank48.3
Other PubMed-indexed publication
European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2026 · PMID 42189229
PURPOSE: To investigate the prognostic value of an artificial intelligence (AI)-based semi-automated tool for longitudinal whole-body quantification of total metabolic tumor volume (TMTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) on [1⁸F]FDG PET/CT in patients with metastatic melanoma undergoing immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy, and to assess its prognostic relevance alongside established PET-based metabolic response criteria.
METHODS: Forty-three patients with unresectable metastatic melanoma treated with ICIs un…
Rank48.3
Other PubMed-indexed publication
Oncoimmunology · 2026 · PMID 41913413
The emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has transformed the treatment landscape of metastatic melanoma. However, despite its success, reliable biomarkers for predicting primary resistance are not available in clinical practice. This study seeks to identify predictors of primary resistance based on novel gene expression signatures. The transcriptomic profile of the tumor microenvironment was analyzed using tissue samples from 46 metastatic cutaneous melanoma patients collected prior to the initiation of…
Rank48.0
Other PubMed-indexed publication
Computational biology and chemistry · 2026 · PMID 42407419
This study aims to identify a prognostic gene signature associated with cell pyroptosis and skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM). A large amount of SKCM data was collected from the TCGA and GTEx, and differentially expressed genes were identified. By further mining public databases, genes associated with cell pyroptosis were screened to identify pyroptosis-related differentially expressed genes (PRDEGs). The biological roles of these PRDEGs were systematically characterized using Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia…
Rank45.0
Other PubMed-indexed publicationResult signal: harm
International journal of women's dermatology · 2026 · PMID 42519690
BACKGROUND: Although skin cancer survivors have an increased risk of future malignancies, many are unaware of this and may not undergo preventative screening.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate skin cancer survivors' prevalence of breast, colorectal, cervical, and lung cancer screening.
METHODS: This is a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System database from 2017 to 2021 comparing skin cancer, other cancer, and non-cancer controls. Multivariate analysis compared screening rates,…
Rank45.0
Other PubMed-indexed publication
Bioactive materials · 2026 · PMID 42256883
Therapeutic cancer vaccines remain constrained by insufficient intracellular antigen trafficking and weak activation of innate immunity. Here, we report an immunoactive dendrimer-based nanovaccine platform that integrates efficient antigen cytosolic transport with intrinsic stimulation of innate immunity. Through screening a library of thiourea-modified dendrimers, we identify a naphthyl-functionalized polymer (D15) that forms stable antigen nanocomplexes via noncovalent interactions, enabling rapid endosomal escap…
Rank45.0
Other PubMed-indexed publicationResult signal: benefit
Clinical imaging · 2026 · PMID 42385322
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of the CT-based Node-RADS score for assessing metastatic lymph node involvement in patients with cutaneous melanoma and to compare it with short axis and roundness index.
METHODS: This retrospective study included patients with histologically confirmed melanoma who underwent contrast-enhanced CT before sentinel lymph node biopsy. A control cohort of trauma patients free from any condition potentially affecting lymph nodes was included to represent physiological lymp…
Rank45.0
Other PubMed-indexed publication
Protein expression and purification · 2026 · PMID 42142681
The classical RAS family of proteins consist of four isoforms HRAS, KRAS4a, KRAS4b, and NRAS, mutations in which lead to several types of human cancer, including pancreatic, colorectal, lung, and melanoma. RAS proteins function as molecular switches in the cell that control cell growth and proliferation. Two critical elements for RAS activation are loading of a molecule of GTP and localization to the plasma membrane. This last element is facilitated by the post-translational modification of the C-terminus, where th…
Rank45.0
Other PubMed-indexed publication
Protein expression and purification · 2026 · PMID 42106026
Nipah virus (NiV) V protein antagonizes host interferon (IFN) signaling by targeting melanoma-differentiation association protein 5 (MDA5). This study investigated structural features of NiV V proteins from pig (iP-V) and bat (iB-V) isolates and their interactions with MDA5 using protein crystallization and computational modeling. Recombinant proteins were expressed in Escherichia coli and purified by affinity chromatography. Crystallization screening produced initial hits for iP-V; however, diffraction-quality cry…
Rank45.0
Other PubMed-indexed publication
International journal of cancer · 2026 · PMID 42041031
Venous and arterial thromboembolic events (TEEs) represent a substantial threat for melanoma patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) and have a significant impact on quality of life, therapy outcome, and survival. Existing risk assessment models for predicting TEE risk have been developed for other patient collectives and show poor performance in melanoma patients treated with ICI. In this cohort analysis, 358 AJCC stage III/IV melanoma patients treated with ICI between April 2013 and July 2024 at …
Rank45.0
Other PubMed-indexed publication
International journal of cancer · 2026 · PMID 42011804
Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) as a liquid biopsy is an emerging tool used for diagnosis and disease monitoring, yet not all tumors shed DNA equally, thus currently limiting the clinical applicability of this tool. Our institution has developed and validated a droplet digital Polymerase Chain Reaction (ddPCR) ctDNA test for BRAF V600 mutation. We collected data on all BRAF mutated melanoma patients tested with the ddPCR BRAF assay at our institution over the years 2018-2024 and correlated the test results with clini…
Rank45.0
Other PubMed-indexed publication
Biomaterials · 2026 · PMID 42229304
Nanomaterials can shape antitumor immunity; however, the design rules that link molecular features to immune outcomes remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that helical polypeptides with quaternary amine sidechains physically disrupt phospholipid membranes, triggering the release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and enabling cytosolic gene delivery. Screening various sidechain amines and using mechanistic assays with a racemic control identifies quaternary amines, along with helicity, as key factors i…
Evidence Syntheses60 records
Rank110.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement
Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network : JNCCN · 2026 · PMID 42297031
The NCCN Guidelines for Melanoma: Cutaneous provide strategies for the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of patients with cutaneous melanoma, which is among the most common cancers in the United States. The outcome of cutaneous melanoma is significantly influenced by stage at initial presentation. Generally, localized disease and smaller primary tumors have been associated with more favorable prognosis. Thus, the select content featured in this issue focuses on risk factors associated with cutaneous melanoma deve…
Rank110.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement
European annals of otorhinolaryngology, head and neck diseases · 2026 · PMID 42106208
AIMS: The authors present the guidelines of the REFCOR (French Rare Head-and-Neck Cancer Expert Network) for sinonasal mucosal melanoma.
METHODS: A multidisciplinary working group made a systematic review of the literature. The formalized expert consensus methodology was followed in drawing up recommendations, which were presented according to the degree of agreement between members of the review group.
RESULTS: Strong agreement: it is recommended to perform systematic regional and remote extension assessment at di…
Rank110.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement
Journal of the American College of Radiology : JACR · 2026 · PMID 41823939
This document provides a comprehensive overview of the evidence supporting different imaging modalities and techniques used for the staging and surveillance of patients with cutaneous, mucocutaneous, and ocular melanoma. Guidelines are provided based on nodal status, presence of metastases at baseline, suspected metastases, and local stage. The American College of Radiology Appropriateness Criteria are evidence-based guidelines for specific clinical conditions that are reviewed annually by a multidisciplinary exper…
Rank108.4
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: harm
Critical reviews in oncology/hematology · 2026 · PMID 42128245
BACKGROUND: Pregnancy-associated melanoma (PAM) - melanoma diagnosed during pregnancy or within 12 months postpartum - raises concern that physiological immune adaptations may worsen tumour outcomes, yet whether PAM independently confers worse survival remains unresolved.
METHODS: We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Cochrane CENTRAL, and ClinicalTrials.gov for observational studies comparing survival in PAM versus non-PAM women reporting adjusted hazard ratios. Risk of bias was assessed with ROBINS-E. Four pre-spec…
Rank107.9
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: null
Journal of neurology · 2026 · PMID 42251157
BACKGROUND: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized cancer treatment with significant improvements in survival rates. With the increase in ICI use in the clinical setting, several case reports and series have described neurological adverse events associated with it. We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the incidence of neurological adverse events among ICI clinical trials.
METHODS: We searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials…
Rank107.6
Systematic review or meta-analysis
JAMA network open · 2026 · PMID 42084869
IMPORTANCE: Circadian rhythms affect immunity, which could affect the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI). Whether the time of ICI administration is associated with clinical outcomes in advanced cancers remains unclear.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between time of day of ICI administration and oncologic outcomes in patients with advanced solid tumors.
DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE (via PubMed), Embase, and Web of Science Core Collection were searched in February 2026 to identify eligible studies.
S…
Rank107.6
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026 · PMID 41615646
BACKGROUND: Uveal melanoma (UM) is a rare cancer with an estimated annual incidence of 6 incidences per million people. About half of UM patients develop distant metastases, mainly to the liver. After metastasis, prognosis is poor, with median survival under 1 year and limited treatment options. Thus, earlier diagnostic methods for UM are a critical unmet need. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy (sensitivity, specificity, and combined F1 score) of deep learning algorithms in the differential diagnos…
Rank107.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis
International journal of clinical oncology · 2026 · PMID 42277540
BACKGROUND: Tumour agnostic therapies represent a paradigm shift in oncology. BRAF inhibitors have demonstrated efficacy in melanoma. However, their role in non-melanomatous cancers was originally contentious. This systematic review aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of BRAF-targeted therapies, both as monotherapy and in combination with other targeted therapies, in BRAF-mutated, non-melanomatous tumours.
METHODS: A systematic search of MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane CENTRAL was conducted from January 2…
Rank107.0
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: null
Cancer treatment reviews · 2026 · PMID 42107274
BACKGROUND: Resectable melanoma remains associated with substantial relapse risk despite adjuvant therapy, and prognostic biomarkers for better risk stratification are urgently needed. We evaluated the prognostic and diagnostic performance of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in patients with resectable melanoma.
METHODS: PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases were systematically searched through July 2025 for studies evaluating ctDNA detection in patients with resected melanoma and reporting outcomes of interest. All …
Rank106.8
Systematic review or meta-analysis
JAMA dermatology · 2026 · PMID 41879756
IMPORTANCE: Dermoscopy is a standard of care for melanoma diagnostics, and artificial intelligence (AI) systems are increasingly investigated as decision-support tools. Prospective evidence is essential to assess their performance compared to dermatologists.
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of dermatologists, AI systems, and dermatologists assisted by AI in prospective studies of melanoma detection, and to assess the readiness of AI for clinical use.
DATA SOURCES: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, a…
Rank106.7
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Expert review of anticancer therapy · 2026 · PMID 41543026
INTRODUCTION: The rapid progress of immuno-oncology has transformed cancer pharmacotherapy through immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs); however, only a minority of patients experience durable benefits. Recent evidence suggests that concomitant administration of H1 antihistamines may synergistically enhance ICI efficacy by modulating the tumor immune microenvironment. This meta-analysis evaluated the association between H1 antihistamine use and outcomes in cancer patients undergoing ICI therapy.
METHODS: Comprehensi…
Rank106.4
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Annals of surgical oncology · 2026 · PMID 41870859
BACKGROUND: The propensity of desmoplastic melanoma (DM) to spread to regional lymph nodes remains disputed, creating uncertainty regarding the role of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB). This is further complicated by challenges in distinguishing pure from mixed histologic subtypes. We evaluated pooled SLN positivity rates for both subtypes to clarify the utility of SLNB in the workup of patients with DM.
METHODS: Two databases (PubMed and Ovid MEDLINE) were searched through July 2025. We included studies in which …
Rank106.4
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Melanoma research · 2026 · PMID 42130334
Advanced melanoma, a highly lethal skin cancer, causes most skin cancer-related deaths. Oncolytic monotherapy or alongside immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is emerging as a promising treatment. Evaluating the therapeutic benefit and toxicity profile of different oncolytic viruses is essential to identify the most effective option. A Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses-based meta-analysis was conducted to assess and contrast the therapeutic effectiveness and tolerability of herpes s…
Rank105.9
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: benefit
Gynecologic oncology · 2026 · PMID 42224890
OBJECTIVE: Primary ovarian malignant melanoma is a rare malignancy arising from malignant transformation of a mature cystic teratoma of the ovary. Evidence is limited to case reports and case series. This systematic review and pooled analysis summarise clinical characteristics, management strategies and outcomes of this rare disease.
METHODS: Systematic searches of Medline (PubMed), EMBASE, Scopus and Web of Science were conducted from inception to September 2025 identifying all case reports and case series reporti…
Rank105.7
Systematic review or meta-analysis
European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026 · PMID 40835773
PURPOSE: Spinal metastases affect up to 70% of systemic cancer patients, with overall survival averaging less than six months. Traditional chemotherapeutic agents have unsatisfactory results, leading to immunotherapy (IT) investigations. There is no clear consensus on the benefits and risks of IT for spinal tumors. This study assesses the current literature to determine IT safety and survival efficacy for tumors involving spinal column.
METHODS: Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search was conducted across …
Rank105.4
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia · 2026 · PMID 42140114
BACKGROUND: Leptomeningeal disease (LMD) is an increasingly recognised late-stage complication of solid tumours (primarily melanoma, lung and breast cancers). It involves dissemination to the leptomeninges surrounding the brain and spinal cord and carries a poor prognosis ranging from 2-6 months. Recent advances in emerging therapies such as CNS-active targeted therapy, intrathecal agents, and early-phase immunotherapy necessitate an updated appraisal of prospective data.
METHODS: A systematic search of MEDLINE, Em…
Rank104.3
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Journal of neuro-oncology · 2026 · PMID 42455393
PURPOSE: MAPK-pathway inhibitors including BRAF, MEK, and type II RAF inhibitors are now integral to treatment of pediatric low-grade glioma (pLGG), BRAF V600-mutant glioma, NF1-associated tumors, and melanoma brain metastases. Intratumoral and intracranial hemorrhage has emerged as a clinically relevant safety signal, but drug-specific incidence estimates, phenotypic definitions, and contributing mechanisms remain incompletely characterized. We systematically reviewed the evidence and synthesized contributing mech…
Rank104.1
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: harm
American journal of clinical dermatology · 2026 · PMID 41849116
BACKGROUND: Vitiligo is a multi-factorial autoimmune skin disorder often triggered by environmental exposures. Although the exposome has gained attention, no systematic review has fully assessed its role in vitiligo.
OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate evidence linking exposomal factors to vitiligo onset and progression, focusing on quantifiable associations and study quality.
METHODS: A systematic search of PubMed and Embase (inception to 25 August, 2024) followed PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic revie…
Rank103.8
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Frontiers in immunology · 2026 · PMID 42233032
BACKGROUND: In recent years, immune checkpoint inhibitors have been widely adopted in cancer therapy. However, their use is frequently associated with the development of colitis. This study employs bibliometric methods to analyze the knowledge structure and current research trends in immune checkpoint inhibitors induced colitis.
METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted within the Web of Science Core Collection database. Data analysis and visualization were performed using CiteSpace, VOSViewer, and the …
Rank103.5
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: null
Journal of neuro-oncology · 2026 · PMID 42209927
PURPOSE: Primary meningeal melanocytomas (MMs) of the spinal cord are rare lesions. Even rarer are intramedullary and invasive variants. These intramedullary lesions may exhibit more aggressive behavior than their "benign" classification appreciates. The role of adjuvant radiotherapy (aRT) in this context remains uncertain.
METHODS: This study is a PRISMA-compliant systematic review with a pooled-case analysis, including two recent institutional cases included as illustrative examples.
RESULTS: Sixty-three reports …
Rank103.5
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Cells · 2026 · PMID 42439659
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), comprising anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4), anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), and anti-programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), have transformed melanoma therapy, yet the tumour microenvironment (TME), the pivotal biological interface where therapeutic efficacy, resistance, and toxicity are determined, remains incompletely characterized. This dual systematic review and meta-analysis (PROSPERO: CRD420261374242) followed PRISMA 2020 and included 58 p…
Rank103.2
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2026 · PMID 41931525
Systemic glucocorticoids, widely prescribed for inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, have long been suspected of increasing cancer risk through immunosuppressive and metabolic effects. Randomized trials are often unethical and difficult to conduct, leaving observational studies the best option to determine whether the use of systemic glucocorticoids affects cancer development. However, these studies face significant methodologic issues that may compromise the validity of their findings. We systematically reviewed …
Rank102.9
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: harm
Cancer investigation · 2026 · PMID 42165380
BACKGROUND: Conflicting results have emerged regarding the relationship between XPD polymorphisms and cutaneous melanoma (CM) susceptibility. This meta-analysis aims to clarify this association.
METHODS: A thorough literature search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and CNKI databases up to September 1, 2023.
RESULTS: The analysis included 27 case-control studies comprising 11,293 cases and 14,437 controls. Thirteen studies focused on the Lys751Gln polymorphism (3,319 cases and 6,845 controls), ten o…
Rank102.6
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: mixed
International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery · 2026 · PMID 42025485
Oral mucosal melanoma (OMM) is a rare and aggressive malignancy with a generally poor prognosis. Reliable prognostic markers for OMM are scarce, complicating disease management and patient counselling. Tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) have shown prognostic value in other cancers, but their potential as a biomarker in OMM is not yet well defined. Hence, a systematic literature review, following the PRISMA guidelines, was conducted. The PubMed and Embase databases were searched for studies reporting on TILs in …
Rank102.5
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Journal of foot and ankle research · 2026 · PMID 42165691
BACKGROUND: The foot is an independent risk factor for a poorer prognostic outcome in melanoma. Delayed diagnosis may arise because melanoma mimics other benign diagnoses, such as ulceration on the foot, including those with associated with diabetes. Improving outcomes for patients includes raising awareness amongst professionals involved in diabetic foot care. Evaluation of published case studies may help identify common themes to inform practice and improve recognition and referral for lesions requiring biopsy.
M…
Landmark Evidence40 records
Rank107.9
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: null
Journal of neurology · 2026 · PMID 42251157
BACKGROUND: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized cancer treatment with significant improvements in survival rates. With the increase in ICI use in the clinical setting, several case reports and series have described neurological adverse events associated with it. We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the incidence of neurological adverse events among ICI clinical trials.
METHODS: We searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials…
Rank107.6
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026 · PMID 41615646
BACKGROUND: Uveal melanoma (UM) is a rare cancer with an estimated annual incidence of 6 incidences per million people. About half of UM patients develop distant metastases, mainly to the liver. After metastasis, prognosis is poor, with median survival under 1 year and limited treatment options. Thus, earlier diagnostic methods for UM are a critical unmet need. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy (sensitivity, specificity, and combined F1 score) of deep learning algorithms in the differential diagnos…
Rank107.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis
International journal of clinical oncology · 2026 · PMID 42277540
BACKGROUND: Tumour agnostic therapies represent a paradigm shift in oncology. BRAF inhibitors have demonstrated efficacy in melanoma. However, their role in non-melanomatous cancers was originally contentious. This systematic review aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of BRAF-targeted therapies, both as monotherapy and in combination with other targeted therapies, in BRAF-mutated, non-melanomatous tumours.
METHODS: A systematic search of MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane CENTRAL was conducted from January 2…
Rank107.0
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: null
Cancer treatment reviews · 2026 · PMID 42107274
BACKGROUND: Resectable melanoma remains associated with substantial relapse risk despite adjuvant therapy, and prognostic biomarkers for better risk stratification are urgently needed. We evaluated the prognostic and diagnostic performance of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in patients with resectable melanoma.
METHODS: PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases were systematically searched through July 2025 for studies evaluating ctDNA detection in patients with resected melanoma and reporting outcomes of interest. All …
Rank106.7
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Expert review of anticancer therapy · 2026 · PMID 41543026
INTRODUCTION: The rapid progress of immuno-oncology has transformed cancer pharmacotherapy through immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs); however, only a minority of patients experience durable benefits. Recent evidence suggests that concomitant administration of H1 antihistamines may synergistically enhance ICI efficacy by modulating the tumor immune microenvironment. This meta-analysis evaluated the association between H1 antihistamine use and outcomes in cancer patients undergoing ICI therapy.
METHODS: Comprehensi…
Rank106.4
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Melanoma research · 2026 · PMID 42130334
Advanced melanoma, a highly lethal skin cancer, causes most skin cancer-related deaths. Oncolytic monotherapy or alongside immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is emerging as a promising treatment. Evaluating the therapeutic benefit and toxicity profile of different oncolytic viruses is essential to identify the most effective option. A Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses-based meta-analysis was conducted to assess and contrast the therapeutic effectiveness and tolerability of herpes s…
Rank106.4
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Annals of surgical oncology · 2026 · PMID 41870859
BACKGROUND: The propensity of desmoplastic melanoma (DM) to spread to regional lymph nodes remains disputed, creating uncertainty regarding the role of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB). This is further complicated by challenges in distinguishing pure from mixed histologic subtypes. We evaluated pooled SLN positivity rates for both subtypes to clarify the utility of SLNB in the workup of patients with DM.
METHODS: Two databases (PubMed and Ovid MEDLINE) were searched through July 2025. We included studies in which …
Rank105.9
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: benefit
Gynecologic oncology · 2026 · PMID 42224890
OBJECTIVE: Primary ovarian malignant melanoma is a rare malignancy arising from malignant transformation of a mature cystic teratoma of the ovary. Evidence is limited to case reports and case series. This systematic review and pooled analysis summarise clinical characteristics, management strategies and outcomes of this rare disease.
METHODS: Systematic searches of Medline (PubMed), EMBASE, Scopus and Web of Science were conducted from inception to September 2025 identifying all case reports and case series reporti…
Rank105.4
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia · 2026 · PMID 42140114
BACKGROUND: Leptomeningeal disease (LMD) is an increasingly recognised late-stage complication of solid tumours (primarily melanoma, lung and breast cancers). It involves dissemination to the leptomeninges surrounding the brain and spinal cord and carries a poor prognosis ranging from 2-6 months. Recent advances in emerging therapies such as CNS-active targeted therapy, intrathecal agents, and early-phase immunotherapy necessitate an updated appraisal of prospective data.
METHODS: A systematic search of MEDLINE, Em…
Rank104.3
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Journal of neuro-oncology · 2026 · PMID 42455393
PURPOSE: MAPK-pathway inhibitors including BRAF, MEK, and type II RAF inhibitors are now integral to treatment of pediatric low-grade glioma (pLGG), BRAF V600-mutant glioma, NF1-associated tumors, and melanoma brain metastases. Intratumoral and intracranial hemorrhage has emerged as a clinically relevant safety signal, but drug-specific incidence estimates, phenotypic definitions, and contributing mechanisms remain incompletely characterized. We systematically reviewed the evidence and synthesized contributing mech…
Rank103.5
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Cells · 2026 · PMID 42439659
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), comprising anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4), anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), and anti-programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), have transformed melanoma therapy, yet the tumour microenvironment (TME), the pivotal biological interface where therapeutic efficacy, resistance, and toxicity are determined, remains incompletely characterized. This dual systematic review and meta-analysis (PROSPERO: CRD420261374242) followed PRISMA 2020 and included 58 p…
Rank103.2
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2026 · PMID 41931525
Systemic glucocorticoids, widely prescribed for inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, have long been suspected of increasing cancer risk through immunosuppressive and metabolic effects. Randomized trials are often unethical and difficult to conduct, leaving observational studies the best option to determine whether the use of systemic glucocorticoids affects cancer development. However, these studies face significant methodologic issues that may compromise the validity of their findings. We systematically reviewed …
Rank102.9
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: harm
Cancer investigation · 2026 · PMID 42165380
BACKGROUND: Conflicting results have emerged regarding the relationship between XPD polymorphisms and cutaneous melanoma (CM) susceptibility. This meta-analysis aims to clarify this association.
METHODS: A thorough literature search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and CNKI databases up to September 1, 2023.
RESULTS: The analysis included 27 case-control studies comprising 11,293 cases and 14,437 controls. Thirteen studies focused on the Lys751Gln polymorphism (3,319 cases and 6,845 controls), ten o…
Rank102.6
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: mixed
International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery · 2026 · PMID 42025485
Oral mucosal melanoma (OMM) is a rare and aggressive malignancy with a generally poor prognosis. Reliable prognostic markers for OMM are scarce, complicating disease management and patient counselling. Tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) have shown prognostic value in other cancers, but their potential as a biomarker in OMM is not yet well defined. Hence, a systematic literature review, following the PRISMA guidelines, was conducted. The PubMed and Embase databases were searched for studies reporting on TILs in …
Rank102.5
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Journal of foot and ankle research · 2026 · PMID 42165691
BACKGROUND: The foot is an independent risk factor for a poorer prognostic outcome in melanoma. Delayed diagnosis may arise because melanoma mimics other benign diagnoses, such as ulceration on the foot, including those with associated with diabetes. Improving outcomes for patients includes raising awareness amongst professionals involved in diabetic foot care. Evaluation of published case studies may help identify common themes to inform practice and improve recognition and referral for lesions requiring biopsy.
M…
Rank102.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Frontiers in immunology · 2026 · PMID 42311664
BACKGROUND: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are widely used in lung cancer treatment; however, immune-related adverse events (irAEs) remain an important safety-related research topic. Currently, there is a lack of comprehensive bibliometric analyses specifically addressing irAEs in lung cancer.
METHODS: This study utilized the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) and PubMed databases to retrieve literature on irAEs associated with ICIs in lung cancer from 2016 to 2025. Among the 1, 792 eligible records from W…
Rank102.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Biomedical physics & engineering express · 2026 · PMID 42214390
Skin cancer (SC) is one of the most prevalent forms of cancer worldwide. Both melanoma and non-melanoma types pose major challenges for early detection, accurate diagnosis, and proper treatment. Conventional diagnostic approaches, such as biopsy and visual examination, are often time-consuming, subjective, and prone to human error. Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) and deep learning (DL) have greatly improved the accuracy of SC diagnosis. This systematic review explores the applications of DL techniqu…
Rank102.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis
International journal of molecular sciences · 2026 · PMID 42511805
MicroRNAs are important regulators of melanoma progression; however, their relationship with cellular senescence remains poorly understood. To address this gap, a systematic review was conducted following PRISMA 2020 guidelines and prospectively registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) under registration number CRD420251155760. A comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Dimensions identified studies evaluating melanoma-associated microRNAs and their effects on…
Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Gynecologic oncology · 2026 · PMID 42155564
BACKGROUND: To clarify the prevalence and clinical utility of molecular biomarkers in vulvar cancer, we performed a review of systematic and high-quality narrative reviews, complemented by interrogation of public repositories containing genomic datasets. Our objectives were to (i) quantify biomarker prevalence across vulvar cancer subtypes, (ii) evaluate their prognostic and predictive value, and (iii) identify actionable therapeutic targets.
METHODS: A review of reviews following the Joanna Briggs Institute's Manu…
Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: harm
Transplant immunology · 2026 · PMID 41941970
Recent advancements in immunosuppressive therapy have markedly reduced graft rejection rates post-transplantation and improved the life expectancy of solid organ transplant recipients. However, these improved long-term outcomes are accompanied by an increased risk of complications, of which skin malignancies remain significantly challenging. Unlike prior reviews that analyzed solid organ transplant recipients as a pooled population, we focused on examining the association between immunosuppressive therapy and the p…
Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: harm
Melanoma research · 2026 · PMID 41947515
Infertility treatments, particularly ovulation-inducing medications, have raised concerns regarding their potential association with melanoma development. Although theoretical mechanisms suggest that hormonal stimulation during these therapies could influence melanoma risk, current evidence remains inconclusive. This meta-analysis aims to determine whether women undergoing fertility treatments have a higher incidence of melanoma compared with untreated infertile women. We conducted a systematic review and meta-anal…
Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Annals of the rheumatic diseases · 2026 · PMID 41951459
OBJECTIVES: This study aims to perform a systematic literature review (SLR) concerning the safety of synthetic and biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) for the 2025 update of European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR) recommendations for the management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
METHODS: Medline, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, and Web of Science were searched for observational and randomised controlled trials with a primary endpoint of DMARD safety on the conventional synthetic (c…
Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis
International journal of molecular sciences · 2026 · PMID 42353244
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is one of the most common non-melanoma skin cancers worldwide. Although surgery and adjuvant therapies are often effective, the treatment of high-risk or advanced lesions remains challenging due to recurrence, resistance, toxicity, and limited long-term control. Natural compounds have, therefore, gained interest as multi-target agents for cancer prevention and treatment. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the antitumoral activity of natural compounds against cSCC. A sy…
Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Head & neck · 2026 · PMID 41992730
BACKGROUND: Lip melanoma is a rare malignant neoplasm arising at the cutaneous-mucosal interface, and its clinicopathologic profile remains insufficiently characterized. We conducted a systematic review to synthesize current evidence on its epidemiology, clinicopathological features, management, and outcomes.
METHODS: Electronic searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and LILACS, supplemented by manual scrutiny and gray-literature sources. Case reports and case series were included. Data …
Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis
The Journal of surgical research · 2026 · PMID 42335621
INTRODUCTION: Disparities in surgical care for melanoma are well-documented, yet no comprehensive synthesis has examined how insurance status, race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic status (SES) affect access to surgical treatment.
METHODS: We conducted a systematic review of peer-reviewed, English-language studies involving U.S. populations that assessed receipt of melanoma surgery-definitive excision and/or nodal procedures-stratified by insurance, SES, and race/ethnicity. Searches were performed in PubMed, Embase, an…
Most Effective Evidence Supported Treatments60 records
Rank110.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement
European annals of otorhinolaryngology, head and neck diseases · 2026 · PMID 42106208
AIMS: The authors present the guidelines of the REFCOR (French Rare Head-and-Neck Cancer Expert Network) for sinonasal mucosal melanoma.
METHODS: A multidisciplinary working group made a systematic review of the literature. The formalized expert consensus methodology was followed in drawing up recommendations, which were presented according to the degree of agreement between members of the review group.
RESULTS: Strong agreement: it is recommended to perform systematic regional and remote extension assessment at di…
Rank110.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement
Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network : JNCCN · 2026 · PMID 42297031
The NCCN Guidelines for Melanoma: Cutaneous provide strategies for the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of patients with cutaneous melanoma, which is among the most common cancers in the United States. The outcome of cutaneous melanoma is significantly influenced by stage at initial presentation. Generally, localized disease and smaller primary tumors have been associated with more favorable prognosis. Thus, the select content featured in this issue focuses on risk factors associated with cutaneous melanoma deve…
Rank110.0
Clinical guideline or consensus statement
Journal of the American College of Radiology : JACR · 2026 · PMID 41823939
This document provides a comprehensive overview of the evidence supporting different imaging modalities and techniques used for the staging and surveillance of patients with cutaneous, mucocutaneous, and ocular melanoma. Guidelines are provided based on nodal status, presence of metastases at baseline, suspected metastases, and local stage. The American College of Radiology Appropriateness Criteria are evidence-based guidelines for specific clinical conditions that are reviewed annually by a multidisciplinary exper…
Rank108.4
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: harm
Critical reviews in oncology/hematology · 2026 · PMID 42128245
BACKGROUND: Pregnancy-associated melanoma (PAM) - melanoma diagnosed during pregnancy or within 12 months postpartum - raises concern that physiological immune adaptations may worsen tumour outcomes, yet whether PAM independently confers worse survival remains unresolved.
METHODS: We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Cochrane CENTRAL, and ClinicalTrials.gov for observational studies comparing survival in PAM versus non-PAM women reporting adjusted hazard ratios. Risk of bias was assessed with ROBINS-E. Four pre-spec…
Rank107.9
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: null
Journal of neurology · 2026 · PMID 42251157
BACKGROUND: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized cancer treatment with significant improvements in survival rates. With the increase in ICI use in the clinical setting, several case reports and series have described neurological adverse events associated with it. We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the incidence of neurological adverse events among ICI clinical trials.
METHODS: We searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials…
Rank107.6
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026 · PMID 41615646
BACKGROUND: Uveal melanoma (UM) is a rare cancer with an estimated annual incidence of 6 incidences per million people. About half of UM patients develop distant metastases, mainly to the liver. After metastasis, prognosis is poor, with median survival under 1 year and limited treatment options. Thus, earlier diagnostic methods for UM are a critical unmet need. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy (sensitivity, specificity, and combined F1 score) of deep learning algorithms in the differential diagnos…
Rank107.6
Systematic review or meta-analysis
JAMA network open · 2026 · PMID 42084869
IMPORTANCE: Circadian rhythms affect immunity, which could affect the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI). Whether the time of ICI administration is associated with clinical outcomes in advanced cancers remains unclear.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between time of day of ICI administration and oncologic outcomes in patients with advanced solid tumors.
DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE (via PubMed), Embase, and Web of Science Core Collection were searched in February 2026 to identify eligible studies.
S…
Rank107.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis
International journal of clinical oncology · 2026 · PMID 42277540
BACKGROUND: Tumour agnostic therapies represent a paradigm shift in oncology. BRAF inhibitors have demonstrated efficacy in melanoma. However, their role in non-melanomatous cancers was originally contentious. This systematic review aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of BRAF-targeted therapies, both as monotherapy and in combination with other targeted therapies, in BRAF-mutated, non-melanomatous tumours.
METHODS: A systematic search of MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane CENTRAL was conducted from January 2…
Rank107.0
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: null
Cancer treatment reviews · 2026 · PMID 42107274
BACKGROUND: Resectable melanoma remains associated with substantial relapse risk despite adjuvant therapy, and prognostic biomarkers for better risk stratification are urgently needed. We evaluated the prognostic and diagnostic performance of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in patients with resectable melanoma.
METHODS: PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases were systematically searched through July 2025 for studies evaluating ctDNA detection in patients with resected melanoma and reporting outcomes of interest. All …
Rank106.7
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Expert review of anticancer therapy · 2026 · PMID 41543026
INTRODUCTION: The rapid progress of immuno-oncology has transformed cancer pharmacotherapy through immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs); however, only a minority of patients experience durable benefits. Recent evidence suggests that concomitant administration of H1 antihistamines may synergistically enhance ICI efficacy by modulating the tumor immune microenvironment. This meta-analysis evaluated the association between H1 antihistamine use and outcomes in cancer patients undergoing ICI therapy.
METHODS: Comprehensi…
Rank106.4
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Melanoma research · 2026 · PMID 42130334
Advanced melanoma, a highly lethal skin cancer, causes most skin cancer-related deaths. Oncolytic monotherapy or alongside immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is emerging as a promising treatment. Evaluating the therapeutic benefit and toxicity profile of different oncolytic viruses is essential to identify the most effective option. A Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses-based meta-analysis was conducted to assess and contrast the therapeutic effectiveness and tolerability of herpes s…
Rank106.4
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Annals of surgical oncology · 2026 · PMID 41870859
BACKGROUND: The propensity of desmoplastic melanoma (DM) to spread to regional lymph nodes remains disputed, creating uncertainty regarding the role of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB). This is further complicated by challenges in distinguishing pure from mixed histologic subtypes. We evaluated pooled SLN positivity rates for both subtypes to clarify the utility of SLNB in the workup of patients with DM.
METHODS: Two databases (PubMed and Ovid MEDLINE) were searched through July 2025. We included studies in which …
Rank105.9
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: benefit
Gynecologic oncology · 2026 · PMID 42224890
OBJECTIVE: Primary ovarian malignant melanoma is a rare malignancy arising from malignant transformation of a mature cystic teratoma of the ovary. Evidence is limited to case reports and case series. This systematic review and pooled analysis summarise clinical characteristics, management strategies and outcomes of this rare disease.
METHODS: Systematic searches of Medline (PubMed), EMBASE, Scopus and Web of Science were conducted from inception to September 2025 identifying all case reports and case series reporti…
Rank105.4
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia · 2026 · PMID 42140114
BACKGROUND: Leptomeningeal disease (LMD) is an increasingly recognised late-stage complication of solid tumours (primarily melanoma, lung and breast cancers). It involves dissemination to the leptomeninges surrounding the brain and spinal cord and carries a poor prognosis ranging from 2-6 months. Recent advances in emerging therapies such as CNS-active targeted therapy, intrathecal agents, and early-phase immunotherapy necessitate an updated appraisal of prospective data.
METHODS: A systematic search of MEDLINE, Em…
Rank104.3
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Journal of neuro-oncology · 2026 · PMID 42455393
PURPOSE: MAPK-pathway inhibitors including BRAF, MEK, and type II RAF inhibitors are now integral to treatment of pediatric low-grade glioma (pLGG), BRAF V600-mutant glioma, NF1-associated tumors, and melanoma brain metastases. Intratumoral and intracranial hemorrhage has emerged as a clinically relevant safety signal, but drug-specific incidence estimates, phenotypic definitions, and contributing mechanisms remain incompletely characterized. We systematically reviewed the evidence and synthesized contributing mech…
Rank103.5
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: null
Journal of neuro-oncology · 2026 · PMID 42209927
PURPOSE: Primary meningeal melanocytomas (MMs) of the spinal cord are rare lesions. Even rarer are intramedullary and invasive variants. These intramedullary lesions may exhibit more aggressive behavior than their "benign" classification appreciates. The role of adjuvant radiotherapy (aRT) in this context remains uncertain.
METHODS: This study is a PRISMA-compliant systematic review with a pooled-case analysis, including two recent institutional cases included as illustrative examples.
RESULTS: Sixty-three reports …
Rank103.5
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Cells · 2026 · PMID 42439659
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), comprising anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4), anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), and anti-programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), have transformed melanoma therapy, yet the tumour microenvironment (TME), the pivotal biological interface where therapeutic efficacy, resistance, and toxicity are determined, remains incompletely characterized. This dual systematic review and meta-analysis (PROSPERO: CRD420261374242) followed PRISMA 2020 and included 58 p…
Rank102.6
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: mixed
International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery · 2026 · PMID 42025485
Oral mucosal melanoma (OMM) is a rare and aggressive malignancy with a generally poor prognosis. Reliable prognostic markers for OMM are scarce, complicating disease management and patient counselling. Tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) have shown prognostic value in other cancers, but their potential as a biomarker in OMM is not yet well defined. Hence, a systematic literature review, following the PRISMA guidelines, was conducted. The PubMed and Embase databases were searched for studies reporting on TILs in …
Rank102.2
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2026 · PMID 42065770
PURPOSE: Pediatric primary diffuse leptomeningeal melanomatosis (PDLM) is a rare, aggressive malignancy with no established standard of care. We performed an integrated survival analysis to characterize disease course and identify treatment factors associated with overall survival (OS).
METHODS: A systematic literature search of PubMed, Embase, and Scopus (2000-2025) was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Eligible studies included patients < 18 years with histopathologically confirmed PDLM per 2021 Wor…
Rank102.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Frontiers in immunology · 2026 · PMID 42311664
BACKGROUND: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are widely used in lung cancer treatment; however, immune-related adverse events (irAEs) remain an important safety-related research topic. Currently, there is a lack of comprehensive bibliometric analyses specifically addressing irAEs in lung cancer.
METHODS: This study utilized the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) and PubMed databases to retrieve literature on irAEs associated with ICIs in lung cancer from 2016 to 2025. Among the 1, 792 eligible records from W…
Rank102.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Biomedical physics & engineering express · 2026 · PMID 42214390
Skin cancer (SC) is one of the most prevalent forms of cancer worldwide. Both melanoma and non-melanoma types pose major challenges for early detection, accurate diagnosis, and proper treatment. Conventional diagnostic approaches, such as biopsy and visual examination, are often time-consuming, subjective, and prone to human error. Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) and deep learning (DL) have greatly improved the accuracy of SC diagnosis. This systematic review explores the applications of DL techniqu…
Rank101.9
Systematic review or meta-analysis
European journal of surgical oncology : the journal of the European Society of Surgical Oncology and the British Association of Surgical Oncology · 2026 · PMID 42208343
BACKGROUND: Surgical management of nail apparatus melanoma (NAM) has evolved from amputation to digit-preserving functional surgery, supported by oncologic safety in non-invasive disease. However, indications and outcomes in invasive melanoma remain unclear. We evaluated a standardized institutional protocol for functional surgery in invasive NAM and performed a systematic review of the literature.
METHODS: Patients with primary invasive NAM treated between 2021 and 2025 were reviewed. Preoperative MRI was used to …
Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis
The Journal of surgical research · 2026 · PMID 42335621
INTRODUCTION: Disparities in surgical care for melanoma are well-documented, yet no comprehensive synthesis has examined how insurance status, race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic status (SES) affect access to surgical treatment.
METHODS: We conducted a systematic review of peer-reviewed, English-language studies involving U.S. populations that assessed receipt of melanoma surgery-definitive excision and/or nodal procedures-stratified by insurance, SES, and race/ethnicity. Searches were performed in PubMed, Embase, an…
Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis
International journal of molecular sciences · 2026 · PMID 42353244
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is one of the most common non-melanoma skin cancers worldwide. Although surgery and adjuvant therapies are often effective, the treatment of high-risk or advanced lesions remains challenging due to recurrence, resistance, toxicity, and limited long-term control. Natural compounds have, therefore, gained interest as multi-target agents for cancer prevention and treatment. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the antitumoral activity of natural compounds against cSCC. A sy…
Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: harm
Transplant immunology · 2026 · PMID 41941970
Recent advancements in immunosuppressive therapy have markedly reduced graft rejection rates post-transplantation and improved the life expectancy of solid organ transplant recipients. However, these improved long-term outcomes are accompanied by an increased risk of complications, of which skin malignancies remain significantly challenging. Unlike prior reviews that analyzed solid organ transplant recipients as a pooled population, we focused on examining the association between immunosuppressive therapy and the p…
New Research Last 24 Months40 records
Rank75.0
Phase II clinical trial
Oncoimmunology · 2026 · PMID 41732954
Checkpoint blockade of PD-1 with pembrolizumab provides long-term survival to a significant proportion of patients with metastatic melanoma. Pembrolizumab has been successfully used in combination with chemotherapy in non-small-cell lung cancer to increase the response rate. This phase II trial combined pembrolizumab with carboplatin/paclitaxel (CP) to assess its safety and efficacy, and to identify correlates of responses. Thirty patients without prior immunotherapy for unresectable/metastatic melanoma were treate…
Rank52.4
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Gut microbes · 2026 · PMID 42298353
Melanoma is an aggressive malignancy with a significant risk of mortality. In recent years, treatment strategies have undergone a paradigm shift with the advent of immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Despite notable clinical success, a substantial proportion of patients fail to respond or eventually develop resistance to ICIs. Emerging evidence highlights the gut microbiota as a critical modulator of host immune responses and is one of the potential determinants of immunotherapy efficac…
Rank52.0
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Journal of investigative surgery : the official journal of the Academy of Surgical Research · 2026 · PMID 42446161
OBJECTIVE: Metastatic melanoma has a poor prognosis. This study aimed to develop and validate era-specific nomograms for Stage IV (M1a-c) melanoma and assess the survival impact of surgery across two eras.
METHODS: This retrospective Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) study included 3,319 stage IV melanoma patients divided into pre-immunotherapy era (2001-2005, n = 622) and early immunotherapy era (2011-2015, n = 2,697) cohorts. Cox regression identified overall survival (OS) prognostic factors. Era…
Rank51.3
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Advances in radiation oncology · 2026 · PMID 42388439
PURPOSE: Radionecrosis (RN) is a dose-limiting toxicity after stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for brain metastases and is hard to differentiate from treated tumor progression. The outcomes of patients with RN following SRS are poorly described, particularly compared with those with local central nervous system progression. Therefore, we characterize outcomes of patients who developed RN versus those with treated tumor recurrence in the absence of out-of-field intracranial progression after SRS.
METHODS AND MATERIAL…
Rank50.3
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Epigenetics · 2026 · PMID 42118848
Cutaneous melanoma (CM) is highly invasive with limited prognostic tools, and the prognostic relevance of lactylation, a novel post-translational modification, remains unexplored. We developed a lactylation-related prognostic model using relative methylation orderings from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) melanoma cohort (n = 458), which was validated in two dependent cohorts (n = 241). Comprehensive analyses of immune infiltration, therapy efficacy, drug sensitivity, and tumour mutation burden were conducted between…
Rank48.3
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Oncoimmunology · 2026 · PMID 41913413
The emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has transformed the treatment landscape of metastatic melanoma. However, despite its success, reliable biomarkers for predicting primary resistance are not available in clinical practice. This study seeks to identify predictors of primary resistance based on novel gene expression signatures. The transcriptomic profile of the tumor microenvironment was analyzed using tissue samples from 46 metastatic cutaneous melanoma patients collected prior to the initiation of…
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Regenerative therapy · 2026 · PMID 42403589
INTRODUCTION: Polydactyly-derived chondrocyte (PD) sheets are being developed as an allogeneic cell sheet therapy for cartilage defects associated with knee osteoarthritis. Although intact PD sheets can promote hyaline cartilage repair, transplantation requires invasive open procedures. Injectable fragments of PD sheets (PD sheet-minis) may reduce invasiveness. However, their in vivo repair capacity after intra-articular administration remains unclear.
METHODS: PD cells were isolated from discarded cartilage tissue…
Rank45.0
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Nucleus (Austin, Tex.) · 2026 · PMID 42489337
Telomeres in epithelial tumors are maintained by telomerase; however, in the MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line, treated by doxorubicin (DOX), we found a transient suppression of the telomerase (TERT) before cell growth resumed. Accumulation of cells in late-S-G2/M, mitotic slippage, octaploidy, and decrease of lamin B1 (LMNB1) coincided with this response. The telomere clustering and ALT-like process marked by the telomere shelterin (TRF2) colocalised in PML bodies with DNA DSBs (γH2AX) and recombinase RAD51 were …
Rank45.0
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Bioactive materials · 2026 · PMID 42499529
Beyond their conventional role as passive transdermal delivery vehicles, microneedle (MN) platforms now function as active bio-interfaces capable of modulating therapeutic responses in both localized and systemic diseases. This review summarizes recent advances in MN technology, focusing on the transition from traditional matrix-controlled delivery to bioactive microneedles. Although localized applications at barrier surfaces, such as treating cutaneous disorders and mucosal lesions, remain a fundamental focus, thi…
Rank45.0
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Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy · 2026 · PMID 42309032
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has attracted widespread attention as an emerging cancer treatment, yet real-time monitoring of tumor oxidative stress during therapy remains challenging due to unclear mechanistic insights, delayed efficacy evaluation, and inefficient drug screening. This study employed label-free dynamic surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (D-SERS) to evaluate the cellular pharmacological effects of PDT, enabling the mechanism-based classification of agents. Label-free D-SERS was used to monitor real-ti…
Rank45.0
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Oncoimmunology · 2026 · PMID 42402813
Tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) therapy, which involves extracting, expanding, and reinfusing immune cells to target cancer cells, has shown promise in melanoma treatment, but requires optimization for broader efficacy. The success of TIL therapy depends on the recognition of tumor-associated antigens, but neoantigen-reactive T-cells are often rare and exhausted in less immunogenic malignancies. Isolating T cells enriched in neoantigen reactivity prior to in vitro expansion and reinfusion may improve the respon…
Rank45.0
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Biomaterials · 2026 · PMID 42263649
Metabolic rewiring-induced immune dysfunction limits the efficacy of NK cell-based immunotherapy for solid tumors, underscoring the need for targeted metabolic interventions. In this study, we found that NK cells within tumor tissues exhibited lipid accumulation and decreased infiltration across multiple tumor models, including B16F10 melanoma, MC38 colon carcinoma, 4T1 breast cancer, and LLC lung carcinoma. Among the selected common selenium species, including Selenocystine (SeCys2), selenomethionine (SeMet) and s…
Rank45.0
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Biomaterials · 2026 · PMID 42229304
Nanomaterials can shape antitumor immunity; however, the design rules that link molecular features to immune outcomes remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that helical polypeptides with quaternary amine sidechains physically disrupt phospholipid membranes, triggering the release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and enabling cytosolic gene delivery. Screening various sidechain amines and using mechanistic assays with a racemic control identifies quaternary amines, along with helicity, as key factors i…
Rank45.0
Other PubMed-indexed publicationResult signal: benefit
Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026 · PMID 42163062
Tebentafusp (IMCgp100, Kimmtrak) is a first-in-class Immune mobilizing monoclonal T-cell receptors against cancer (ImmTAC). ImmTAC are fusion proteins comprising an affinity-enhanced soluble T-cell receptor (TCR) against a specific peptide-HLA complex and an anti-CD3 single-chain variable fragment (scFv). Tebentafusp binds gp100(280-288) peptide from the melanocyte lineage-specific protein Glycoprotein 100 presented by HLA-A*02:01; concurrently, it engages CD3 on polyclonal T-cells leading to T-cell activation, and…
Rank45.0
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Oncoimmunology · 2026 · PMID 41521424
Therapeutic immunization against tumor neoantigens has the potential to induce potent and highly selective CD8+ T-cell-mediated antitumor immunity. Consequently, immunization strategies that generate robust neoantigen-specific T-cell responses are needed. Here, we tested homologous and heterologous DNA- and peptide-based immunization strategies using a neoantigen model. We observed that priming with DNA followed by peptide boost immunization elicited the strongest CD8+ T-cell responses, which exhibited effector and…
Rank45.0
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Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) · 2026 · PMID 42272063
Melanoma-associated antigen D4 (MAGED4) belongs to the melanoma-associated antigen family and is upregulated in various cancer types. However, the functional role and molecular mechanisms of MAGED4 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain largely unknown. In this study, we observed that MAGED4 expression levels were significantly higher in HCC tissues than in non-cancerous tissues and elevated expression was associated with poor patient outcomes. Functional assays demonstrated that MAGED4 promoted proliferation and…
Rank45.0
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Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) · 2026 · PMID 42289001
FCGR2B, the only inhibitory receptor in the Fcγ receptor family, plays a crucial role in both innate and adaptive immunity. In this study, we observed high FCGR2B expression in tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) induced by B16 melanoma cells. Knockdown of Fcgr2b in these TAMs suppressed their M2 polarization, as evidenced by decreased expression of immunosuppressive factors, including Arg-1, IL-10, and Fizz1. Furthermore,Fcgr2b knockdown enhanced the phagocytic and antigen-presenting capacities of TAMs, promoted R…
Rank45.0
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Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) · 2026 · PMID 42290218
Melanoma remains one of the most aggressive cancers, and although immune checkpoint blockade and MAPK-targeted therapies have transformed clinical management, durable responses occur in only a subset of patients. Converging evidence identifies microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) - dependent phenotype switching as a central, non-genetic mechanism enabling melanoma cells to escape therapy. Dynamic fluctuations in MITF activity permit transitions between differentiated, proliferative states and invas…
Rank45.0
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Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry · 2026 · PMID 42418526
Superficial tumours can be effectively treated with photodynamic therapy (PDT), which is characterised by its targeted approach and enhanced safety profile. 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), a precursor to the endogenous photosensitiser PpIX, has been widely utilised in PDT. However, its high hydrophilicity, poor permeability and stability, necessitates structural modifications to improve its drug-like properties and increase the PpIX yield. Hydroxypyridinone (HPO) iron chelators can synergistically enhance PpIX product…
Rank45.0
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Oncoimmunology · 2026 · PMID 41772940
Steroid receptor coactivator 3 (SRC-3) is highly expressed in regulatory T cells (Tregs) and is important for their immunosuppressive activity. Recently, we demonstrated that disrupting SRC-3 expression in Tregs eliminates triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and prostate cancer in syngeneic animal models by generating an anti-tumor immune microenvironment without inducing immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Further analysis of these mice revealed that SRC-3 knockout (KO) Tregs infiltrated breast tumors and faci…
Rank45.0
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Oncoimmunology · 2026 · PMID 41792971
B cells and the humoral immune response are increasingly recognized as critical modulators of melanoma progression and immunotherapy outcomes. While checkpoint inhibitor (CPI) therapy was developed to target T cell exhaustion mechanisms, emerging evidence highlights the complexity and clinical relevance of B cell biology in this highly immunogenic cancer. Dysregulated B cell subsets, including enriched circulating naïve and immunosuppressive populations, and skewing toward immune-inert antibody isotypes such as IgG…
Rank45.0
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Oncoimmunology · 2026 · PMID 41807927
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed the treatment of advanced melanoma, yet their efficacy is limited by high-grade immune-related adverse events that often require treatment with systemic corticosteroids. Although corticosteroids are widely used, their impact on anti-tumor immunity remains poorly defined. Using an ICI-responsive murine melanoma model, we show that tapered systemic prednisolone administered after three cycles of combined anti-CTLA4 and anti-PD1 therapy compromises ICI-mediated tumo…
Rank45.0
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Oncoimmunology · 2026 · PMID 41823682
T-cell exhaustion is a state of functional decline in T cells, driven by chronic antigen exposure and inhibitory signals within the tumor microenvironment. Exhausted CD8+ T cells (Tex) derive from precursor exhausted T cells (Tpex), a self-renewing population responsible for the proliferative burst in anti-PD-1 therapies. Exhausted T cells are exposed to adenosine in the tumor, yet the role of the CD73/adenosine axis and Tpex/Tex differentiation remains unclear. Using an in vitro model for CD8+ T-cell exhaustion, w…
Rank45.0
Other PubMed-indexed publicationResult signal: benefit
Oncoimmunology · 2026 · PMID 41928453
The glyco-immune checkpoints Siglec-7 and Siglec-9 have received considerable interest as targets for cancer immunotherapy. How Siglec-7/9-sialic acid cis-interactions on immune cells influence trans-signaling induced by tumor cells and whether Siglec-7 and -9 co-blockade can enhance immune effector cell function are key questions for clinical translation. We developed and applied single and dual Jurkat/MA NFAT-luciferase reporter cells expressing wild-type or mutant chimeric Siglec-7 and/or -9. Cis-interactions on…
Rank45.0
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Oncoimmunology · 2026 · PMID 42057381
BET inhibitors (BETi) have shown potential to augment tumor immunogenicity in melanoma. However, conflicting evidence exists regarding their precise mechanism of action, and their overall impact on melanoma immunogenicity and antitumoral T cell responses remains unclear. To address this, human melanoma cell lines treated with JQ1 and/or IFNγ were investigated for gene and protein expression changes in key pathways governing immunogenicity and cocultured with autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) with know…
Promising Experimental Therapies40 records
Rank105.4
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia · 2026 · PMID 42140114
BACKGROUND: Leptomeningeal disease (LMD) is an increasingly recognised late-stage complication of solid tumours (primarily melanoma, lung and breast cancers). It involves dissemination to the leptomeninges surrounding the brain and spinal cord and carries a poor prognosis ranging from 2-6 months. Recent advances in emerging therapies such as CNS-active targeted therapy, intrathecal agents, and early-phase immunotherapy necessitate an updated appraisal of prospective data.
METHODS: A systematic search of MEDLINE, Em…
Rank75.0
Phase II clinical trial
Cancer · 2026 · PMID 42487497
BACKGROUND: Vobramitamab duocarmazine is an investigational antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) targeting B7 homolog 3 (B7-H3) with a cytotoxic duocarmycin-based DNA-alkylating payload. This study evaluated its safety and antitumor activity in advanced solid tumors.
METHODS: In this phase 1/2 trial (CP-MGC-018-01/NCT03729596), vobramitamab duocarmazine was evaluated at 0.5-4.0 mg/kg intravenously every 3 weeks. The multicohort tumor-expansion phase focused on metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), lung,…
Rank48.8
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Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft = Journal of the German Society of Dermatology : JDDG · 2026 · PMID 42503994
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: For thick melanomas, retaining the primary lesion during neoadjuvant therapy may enhance immune response through increased antigen load. This study assessed whether a central section from serially processed melanoma specimen, representing a transectional incisional biopsy, accurately reflects Breslow thickness and ulceration compared to full serial sectioning.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: From a single center, histological slides of 78 invasive melanomas from 76 patients were retrospectively col…
Rank48.6
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Nature medicine · 2026 · PMID 42443515
Metastatic uveal melanoma (mUM) is an aggressive cancer with limited treatment options; 85-90% of tumors harbor activating GNAQ and GNA11 mutations. Uveal melanoma cells also express PMEL (also known as PMEL17 or gp100), a melanocyte lineage antigen. DYP688, a novel biology-matched antibody-drug conjugate, binds surface PMEL and delivers the potent Gαq/Gα11 (Gq/11) inhibitor SDZ475 as payload by internalization. This dose-escalating first-in-human phase 1 study of DYP688 in patients with metastatic uveal melanoma a…
Rank47.1
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Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology · 2026 · PMID 41628698
INTRODUCTION: The observation in preclinical studies that FLASH radiotherapy (FLASH-RT) can spare normal tissues while maintaining its anti-tumoral effect provided the rational for its clinical translation. In this context, this clinical trial presents the first-in-human dose-escalation trial of FLASH-RT.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This phase I clinical trial enrolled patients presenting progressive melanoma with cutaneous metastases refractory to systemic treatment. A 3 + 3 dose-escalation design was used to determine…
Rank47.0
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British journal of cancer · 2026 · PMID 42062531
BACKGROUND: TRIMELVax is a cancer vaccine prototype derived from heat-conditioned melanoma cell lysates combined with a natural adjuvant. Preclinical studies demonstrated robust antitumor immune responses and tumor regression. We conducted a Phase I clinical trial to evaluate the safety, tolerability, immunogenicity, and preliminary efficacy of TRIMELVax in patients with unresectable stage IV melanoma who had progressed after first-line anti-PD-1 therapy.
METHODS: Eligible patients had stage IV melanoma with docume…
Rank45.0
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Biochemical pharmacology · 2026 · PMID 42349619
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD), a predominant microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus, still lacks curative therapies to completely halt its progressive deterioration. Our study investigated the renoprotective mechanisms of dapagliflozin (dapa) in DKD. Through bioinformatic analysis of clinical DKD datasets, preclinical in vivo and in vitro assays, we identified absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) as a critical pyroptosis-associated gene upregulated in DKD. In silico structure-based validation revealed that dapa sta…
Rank45.0
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Oncoimmunology · 2026 · PMID 42402813
Tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) therapy, which involves extracting, expanding, and reinfusing immune cells to target cancer cells, has shown promise in melanoma treatment, but requires optimization for broader efficacy. The success of TIL therapy depends on the recognition of tumor-associated antigens, but neoantigen-reactive T-cells are often rare and exhausted in less immunogenic malignancies. Isolating T cells enriched in neoantigen reactivity prior to in vitro expansion and reinfusion may improve the respon…
Rank45.0
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Oncoimmunology · 2026 · PMID 42345602
Enhancing innate-adaptive immune crosstalk is key for improving cancer vaccine efficacy. TRIMELVax is a heat shock-conditioned whole-tumor-cell vaccine combining xenogeneic melanoma cell lysate, syngeneic B16F10 melanoma cell lysate, and Concholepas concholepas hemocyanin. Although TRIMELVax elicits robust antitumor responses in preclinical models, the mechanisms underlying its efficacy remain poorly defined. We characterized the early immune events triggered by TRIMELVax in mice using RT-qPCR, high-dimensional flo…
Rank45.0
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Annals of medicine · 2026 · PMID 41846252
BACKGROUND: PD-1 and LAG-3 are immune checkpoint molecules frequently co-expressed in the tumor microenvironment, where they synergistically drive T-cell exhaustion and immune escape. Dual blockade of these pathways represents a promising strategy to overcome immunotherapy resistance.
METHODS: This review systematically synthesizes mechanistic studies on PD-1/LAG-3 synergy and summarizes preclinical and clinical advances in dual blockade therapies, with emphasis on bispecific antibodies and combination trial data.
…
Rank45.0
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Biomaterials advances · 2026 · PMID 42401052
Fluvastatin (FLV) is an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, a well-established clinically approved molecule that acts on major cellular cascades that are responsible for melanomagenesis. The present study was encouraged by the prospect of developing and evaluating the FLV-loaded transferosomal hydrogel (FLV-loaded TFS gel) as a carrier for the site-specific dermal delivery of FLV to melanoma cells. The nanocarrier revealed particle size, PDI and zeta potential of 97.04 ± 0.635 nm, 0.168 ± 0.001, and - 27.37 ± 0.349 mV, re…
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Biomaterials advances · 2026 · PMID 42330796
Patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDTX) models are considered the gold standard for preserving tumor heterogeneity and recapitulating patient drug responses, yet their use is limited by high cost, long timelines, and variable engraftment success. Here, we present the application of a soft lithography patterned polyacrylamide microtumor array platform designed to mimic biophysical aspects of the melanoma tumor microenvironment, including physiological stiffness, extracellular matrix (ECM) composition, and spatial con…
Rank45.0
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Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2026 · PMID 42472000
Like humans, companion dogs develop cancers spontaneously in the context of increased age, genetic variations, or environmental exposures, making them valuable as a preclinical model. Here, we assessed the safety and preliminary effectiveness of a multivalent adeno-associated virus (AAV) cancer vaccine in spontaneous canine oral melanoma. Eight companion dogs were vaccinated with equal doses of three different optimized AAV vectors encoding the melanoma others glycoprotein 100 (GP100), tyrosinase (Tyr), and tyrosin…
Rank45.0
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Pharmacology research & perspectives · 2026 · PMID 42538621
Despite advances in targeted and immunotherapy for melanoma, resistance to treatment and severe adverse effects pose significant challenges. This necessitates the development of new treatment strategies, and cannabinoids, because of the extensive preclinical evidence for their cytotoxic action on carcinoma cells in a variety of cancers, can offer a novel therapeutic option when used appropriately. Indeed, the potential therapeutic benefits of cannabinoids were formally recognized in the world and much more recently…
Rank45.0
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Small science · 2026 · PMID 42524337
Bacterial membranes, in their natural and engineered forms, including outer membrane vesicles, bacterial ghosts, engineered membrane fragments, and hybrid scaffolds, are emerging as multifunctional immunotherapeutic platforms that merge antigen presentation with intrinsic adjuvanticity. By codisplaying tumor antigens and conserved pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) such as lipopolysaccharide, flagellin, and CpG motifs, bacterial membranes activate dendritic cells, drive crosspresentation, and elicit dur…
Rank45.0
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European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics : official journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik e.V · 2026 · PMID 42203156
This study aimed to develop 89Zr/177Lu/161Tb-labeled anti-CD228 monoclonal antibody (42C10HZ11) for immuno-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (immuno-PET/CT) and radioimmunotherapy (RIT) in skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM). Anti-CD228 antibodies were conjugated with p-SCN-Bn-DFO or p-SCN-Bn-DOTA, followed by radiolabeling with 89Zr/177Lu/161Tb. The biological properties of the conjugates were assessed using radioligand cell binding, blocking, and internalization assays. Two cell line-derived xenograft p…
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Pathology, research and practice · 2026 · PMID 42119359
RNA-based cancer immunotherapy has emerged as a next-generation strategy in oncology, harnessing the versatile properties of RNA molecules to activate and modulate antitumor immunity. In melanoma, a highly immunogenic yet evasive malignancy, RNA therapeutics offer promising avenues for overcoming immune resistance, tumor heterogeneity, and treatment failure. Messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines have led the field, encoding tumor-associated antigens or neoantigens to prime dendritic cells and elicit cytotoxic T cell respon…
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Melanoma research · 2026 · PMID 42108204
The objective of this study was to compare drug response of uveal melanoma patient-derived cell lines (PDLs) and patient-derived organoids (PDOs) with response of commercially available cell lines and contextualize laboratory outputs in terms of clinical trial results. Uveal melanoma commercial cell lines, PDLs, and PDOs were treated with drugs that were ultimately utilized in clinical trials. Four treatments were chosen for promising laboratory results that failed to yield clinical response, while darovasertib was…
Rank45.0
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Applied radiation and isotopes : including data, instrumentation and methods for use in agriculture, industry and medicine · 2026 · PMID 42097084
This study presents a preclinical assessment of 177Lu-DOTA-Pip-Nle-CycMSHhex (177Lu-CCZ01048), a previously reported radiolabeled α-MSH analogue targeting melanoma, with a focus on additional in vivo evaluation and human dosimetry extrapolation. 177Lu-CCZ01048 was radiolabeled with a radiochemical purity exceeding 99% and demonstrated high stability in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and human serum, consistent with previous reports. Receptor binding assays confirmed a high affinity for the melanocortin-1 receptor …
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Nature communications · 2026 · PMID 42509244
The efficacy of dendritic cell (DC) cancer vaccines is linked to poor immunogenicity of tumor-associated antigens and failure to elicit robust MHC class II-restricted CD4⁺ T-cell responses. Here, we introduce PROTEXI, a DC vaccine platform that optimizes tumor immunity by co-presenting tumor-specific CD8⁺ T-cell epitopes alongside CD4⁺ T helper epitopes from the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein, leveraging widespread anti-viral immunity. In preclinical mouse models of melanoma and breast cancer, PROTEXI significantly reduc…
Rank45.0
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bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026 · PMID 42538952
BACKGROUND: Tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) therapy has demonstrated clinical efficacy in malignant melanoma; however, inefficient ex vivo expansion remains a major limitation. We previously showed that stimulation of tumor-infiltrating B cells via CD40-CD40L axis improves TIL expansion, and that direct activation of the 41BB-41BBL pathway on T cells enhances CD8⁺ T cell outgrowth. We hypothesized that adding simultaneous targeting of both pathways would augment the growth and activity of CD8+ cytotoxic T cells…
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ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2026 · PMID 42504417
The treatment of skin diseases, including hypertrophic scars and cutaneous melanoma, remains clinically challenging. Conventional radionuclide (e.g., 90Sr, 32P) patches for beta-ray external beam radiotherapy suffer from rigid structures, leading to off-target irradiation, uneven radionuclide distribution, inconsistent dosing, and potential leakage risks. To address these limitations, we developed an innovative, flexible radioactive patch (32P-RU) by integrating 32P-loaded resin microspheres with boric acid-modifie…
Rank45.0
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Advanced healthcare materials · 2026 · PMID 42494196
Translating preclinical research findings to clinical applications presents challenges due to the metabolic and anatomical disparities between animal models and humans. Although organ-on-a-chip models replicate the organization of human cells, they lack the complexity of the microenvironment and anatomical fidelity. Developing alternative research models with greater physiological and anatomical relevance to humans holds the potential to enhance translational success and reduce reliance on animal experimentation. I…
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Other PubMed-indexed publication
Current pharmaceutical design · 2026 · PMID 42515908
Skin cancer, including melanoma and non-melanoma subtypes, remains a major global health challenge with steadily rising incidence rates. Although conventional treatment modalities such as surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy have improved patient outcomes, their clinical effectiveness is frequently limited by poor cutaneous penetration, systemic toxicity, non-specific drug distribution, and the emergence of drug resistance. In this context, lipid-based nanocarriers (LBNCs) have e…
Rank45.0
Other PubMed-indexed publication
International journal of cardiology · 2026 · PMID 42480822
BACKGROUND: The inflammasome pathway has been implicated in the progression of heart failure (HF). Preclinical studies suggest that angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNi) and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) therapies may attenuate inflammasome activation, yet evidence in the failing human myocardium remains sparse. Hence, we evaluated the associations between ARNi and SGLT2i therapies and myocardial priming of inflammasome pathway components in explanted hearts from heart transplantation…
Prospective Cohort Studies60 records
Rank107.6
Systematic review or meta-analysis
JAMA network open · 2026 · PMID 42084869
IMPORTANCE: Circadian rhythms affect immunity, which could affect the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI). Whether the time of ICI administration is associated with clinical outcomes in advanced cancers remains unclear.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between time of day of ICI administration and oncologic outcomes in patients with advanced solid tumors.
DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE (via PubMed), Embase, and Web of Science Core Collection were searched in February 2026 to identify eligible studies.
S…
Rank106.8
Systematic review or meta-analysis
JAMA dermatology · 2026 · PMID 41879756
IMPORTANCE: Dermoscopy is a standard of care for melanoma diagnostics, and artificial intelligence (AI) systems are increasingly investigated as decision-support tools. Prospective evidence is essential to assess their performance compared to dermatologists.
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of dermatologists, AI systems, and dermatologists assisted by AI in prospective studies of melanoma detection, and to assess the readiness of AI for clinical use.
DATA SOURCES: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, a…
Rank101.9
Systematic review or meta-analysis
The British journal of dermatology · 2026 · PMID 41968088
BACKGROUND: Cutaneous melanoma is a common cancer, for which risk stratification has been proposed to aid early detection.
OBJECTIVES: To assess the performance of a polygenic risk score (PRS) in predicting the risk of invasive cutaneous melanoma, alone and combined with clinical risk factors.
METHODS: The PRS was derived from the most recent genome-wide association study meta-analysis of cutaneous melanoma, which included 28 849 patients with melanoma and 78 922 control participants from 20 studies from the UK, th…
Rank101.7
Systematic review or meta-analysis
European journal of epidemiology · 2026 · PMID 41879966
Several studies have suggested that vegetarian and vegan vs. non-vegetarian diets are associated with lower cancer risk overall, however, results for specific cancer sites have been less consistent. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies on vegetarian and vegan diets and cancer incidence to clarify the associations across cancer sites. PubMed and Embase databases were searched for relevant studies up to 5 July 2025. Summary relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI…
Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: harm
Melanoma research · 2026 · PMID 41947515
Infertility treatments, particularly ovulation-inducing medications, have raised concerns regarding their potential association with melanoma development. Although theoretical mechanisms suggest that hormonal stimulation during these therapies could influence melanoma risk, current evidence remains inconclusive. This meta-analysis aims to determine whether women undergoing fertility treatments have a higher incidence of melanoma compared with untreated infertile women. We conducted a systematic review and meta-anal…
Rank96.5
Randomized clinical study
BMC cancer · 2026 · PMID 41896823
BACKGROUND: Adjuvant treatment with PD-1 inhibitors for 12 months has been the established standard of care for patients with resected stage IIB-IV cutaneous melanoma. In other solid tumours (e.g. breast and colorectal), a shorter duration of adjuvant chemotherapy has been shown to be non-inferior with improved toxicity profile. More recently, neoadjuvant immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors for clinically detectable stage III and stage IV disease has been introduced. There is no clear biological rationa…
Rank94.6
Randomized controlled trial
Nature communications · 2026 · PMID 42168180
Checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy (CPI) for BRAF mutant advanced melanoma first-line results in a better long-term survival compared to targeted therapy (TT), however TT induction may benefit poor prognosis groups. The parallel-arm, randomised phase II, multicentre, feasibility CAcTUS trial (Clinicaltrials.gov NCT03808441) randomised 21 patients to receive standard of care investigators choice TT or CPI, switching to the alternative upon progression (n = 10), or commencing TT and switching to CPI upon an ≥80% redu…
Rank82.0
Phase II clinical trial
Annals of surgical oncology · 2026 · PMID 42218345
BACKGROUND: For patients with clinical stage III melanoma, a potentially surgically curable disease, neoadjuvant immunotherapy improves event-free survival. Substantial pathologic complete response (pCR) rates in the affected nodal basin have raised interest in response-directed care including de-escalation of the extent of operation and adjuvant therapies. This study prospectively assessed the fidelity of index lymph node (ILN) pathology in predicting pathologic response across the entire nodal basin.
METHODS: The…
Rank80.4
Phase II clinical trial
The British journal of dermatology · 2026 · PMID 40905153
BACKGROUND: Patients with BRAF wildtype metastatic melanoma who exhibit primary resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have a poor prognosis. Chemotherapy has been shown to induce genetic mutations, modify the tumour microenvironment and microbiome, and influence immune system activity.
OBJECTIVES: To investigate in a prospective multicentre phase II trial whether two applications of an alkylating agent (dacarbazine) can sensitize patients with metastatic melanoma who are nonresponsive to ICIs to the sam…
Rank79.4
Phase II clinical trialResult signal: benefit
ESMO open · 2026 · PMID 41962308
BACKGROUND: Most patients with advanced melanoma progress despite standard-of-care treatments. Regorafenib (REGO), an oral multikinase inhibitor with RAF-dimer activity, demonstrated clinical activity in melanoma in retrospective case series and preclinical efficacy in overcoming resistance to BRAF/MEK inhibitors (BRAF/MEKi). This study prospectively evaluated REGO in heavily pretreated advanced melanoma patients.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: This single-center, phase II clinical trial (RegoMel, NCT05370807) assessed the …
Rank79.2
Multicenter clinical studyResult signal: benefit
European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990) · 2026 · PMID 41448065
BACKGROUND: Targeted therapies (TT) improve outcomes in BRAF-mutant melanoma. Pre-clinical data suggest that anticoagulation (AC) and platelet aggregation inhibition (PAI) may have antitumoral effects. We evaluated the impact of concomitant AC or PAI on outcomes in patients receiving TT.
METHODS: We analyzed 1296 patients with unresectable stage III-IV BRAF-mutant melanoma treated with BRAF plus MEK inhibitors (2016-2024) in the prospective multicenter ADOReg registry. Patients were categorized as receiving no anti…
Rank78.9
Multicenter clinical study
Future oncology (London, England) · 2026 · PMID 41823171
AIMS: Prospectively confirm use of the integrated 31-gene expression profile test (i31-SLNB) in patients with cutaneous melanoma to predict sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) positivity and assess recurrence rates in those considered low risk by i31-SLNB who did not have an SLNB.
METHODS: Patients with T1-T4 tumors being considered for SLNB who received 31-gene expression profile (31-GEP) testing in the multi-center, prospective DECIDE study were included (n = 912). Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to estimate recurre…
Rank77.7
Multicenter clinical study
BMJ open · 2026 · PMID 42486514
INTRODUCTION: Hepatocellular carcinoma is the sixth most common malignancy worldwide, with immune checkpoint inhibitors transforming treatment paradigms despite modest response rates of approximately 30%. Emotional distress, encompassing depression and anxiety symptoms, affects 30-50% of cancer patients and may influence immunotherapy efficacy through immune system modulation. Recent studies in lung cancer, gastric cancer and melanoma demonstrate associations between pretreatment emotional distress and worse immuno…
Rank75.8
Multicenter clinical study
International journal of cancer · 2026 · PMID 41833546
The prospective, German NICO study (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02990611) evaluated real-world effectiveness and safety with nivolumab plus ipilimumab or nivolumab alone (any-line) in patients with advanced melanoma with/without melanoma brain metastasis (MBM). A total of 755 patients treated with nivolumab plus ipilimumab (n = 486; median follow-up, 46.8 months) or nivolumab alone (n = 269; median follow-up, 38.7 months) were enrolled. Baseline characteristics differed between the treatment groups, with the …
Rank75.7
Multicenter clinical study
The British journal of dermatology · 2026 · PMID 41719057
BACKGROUND: Melanoma of unknown primary (MUP) accounts for up to 10% of all cases of metastatic melanoma. The origin of MUP is unclear, and previous studies on the clinical course in comparison with cutaneous melanoma have reported varying results.
OBJECTIVES: The study was conducted to assess the oncogenic pattern of MUP and to compare the clinical course with that of melanoma of known cutaneous primary (MKP).
METHODS: Patients with MUP diagnosed between 1999 and 2022 were included in this cohort study from the pr…
Rank75.6
Multicenter clinical study
Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026 · PMID 41989878
BACKGROUND: Patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection have been gradually accepted as solid organ transplant recipients, although there is still concern that the burden of immunosuppression and HIV infection could increase the risk of post-transplant cancer.
METHODS: The risk of de novo cancer was evaluated in a prospective cohort of 272 HIV-positive and 816 matched HIV-negative liver transplant recipients in Spain (2002-2012). All tumors, except hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence and non-melanoma…
Rank75.0
Prospective cohort study
International journal of cancer · 2026 · PMID 42071337
Outdoor air pollution, including particulate matter (PM), is a Group 1 carcinogen based on evidence for lung cancer; however, evidence for other cancers is limited. Further research on cancer incidence rather than mortality endpoints is needed as well as examinations in non-smokers. In the Cancer Prevention Study-II Nutrition Cohort, annual predictions of particulate and gaseous pollutant concentrations were assigned to residential addresses. Extended Cox regression estimated hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence i…
Rank74.7
Multicenter clinical study
Liver transplantation : official publication of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and the International Liver Transplantation Society · 2026 · PMID 41082711
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have improved cancer prognosis significantly, but their use has been avoided in liver transplant recipients (LTr) due to poorly characterized rejection risk. Data surrounding rejection risk are extremely suboptimal, with highly variable immunosuppression approaches and follow-up, and do not account for the learning curve in managing immunosuppression in the setting of ICI. A standardized institutional clinical practice protocol was developed in 2021 for immunosuppression manageme…
Rank74.7
Multicenter clinical study
Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026 · PMID 41313559
PURPOSE: Anti-PD-1-based immunotherapy and targeted therapies (TT) are the current standard of care for patients with advanced melanoma. However, some patients die in less than a year from diagnosis and others become long-survivors. An accurate description of systemic treatments and patients' characteristics of long-term survivors are needed to guide treatment decisions in clinical practice.
METHODS: GEM-1801 is a multi-cohort prospective study from the Spanish Multidisciplinary Melanoma Group that includes patient…
Rank73.0
Multicenter clinical study
Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026 · PMID 41571458
BACKGROUND: Canine oral malignant melanoma (OMM) is a highly aggressive tumor, with several available treatment options, though few achieve durable response or complete remission. Because of its biological similarity to human mucosal melanoma, canine OMM represents a valuable spontaneous model for translational immunotherapy studies. Anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) antibody therapy has shown promise in canine OMM; however, predictive biomarkers for treatment response and survival have not been identifie…
Rank73.0
Multicenter clinical study
European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990) · 2026 · PMID 41713079
INTRODUCTION: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed cancer treatment and are increasingly used in the adjuvant and neoadjuvant setting for malignancies such as melanoma, which often affect younger adults. With improving survival, concerns about long-term safety, including potential effects on fertility, are growing.
METHODS: We conducted a national, multicenter, prospective observational study of female patients < 45 years treated with adjuvant anti-PD-1 therapy for resectable stage III-IV melanoma f…
Rank72.4
Multicenter clinical study
Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2026 · PMID 41161600
INTRODUCTION: Cutaneous confocal microscopy (CCM) differentiates lentigo maligna (LM) from lentigo maligna melanoma (LMM) and helps characterize atypical intraepidermal melanocytic proliferation (AIMP), a potential LM precursor. However, CCM features across the LM spectrum have not been quantitatively analyzed or prospectively validated.
OBJECTIVES: To validate CCM features for AIMP, LM, and LMM, assess the Lentigo Maligna Score (LM) score's ability to distinguish early from invasive stages, and evaluate a novel di…
Rank71.3
Prospective cohort study
Occupational and environmental medicine · 2026 · PMID 42097875
OBJECTIVES: To report estimates of cancer incidence (1982-2016) and mortality (1980-2020) in the Health Watch cohort after four decades of follow-up.
METHODS: Health Watch is a prospective cohort study of 18 040 (16 666 men, 1374 women) employees recruited between 1981 and 2000.Personal data were linked to national and state cancer and death registries. Standardised mortality ratios (SMRs) and standardised incidence ratios were calculated using national population rates adjusted for age, sex and calendar period.
RE…
Rank70.0
Multicenter clinical study
Cancer · 2026 · PMID 41653066
BACKGROUND: Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy is a critical staging tool in skin and soft tissue cancers. Although technetium lymphoscintigraphy is the most common adjunct, indocyanine green (ICG) demonstrates a promising alternative in pediatric, adolescent, and young adult (AYA) skin and soft tissue cancers.
METHODS AND OBJECTIVES: Evaluate the safety and efficacy of ICG in SLN biopsy (SLNB) in diverse pediatric and AYA solid cancers in a multi-institutional environment. This is a prospective, observational study …
Rank69.1
Prospective cohort study
International journal of molecular sciences · 2026 · PMID 42511497
In patients with advanced or metastatic melanoma, BRAF mutation assessment is routinely performed to identify patients who may benefit from BRAF-targeted therapy. This study aimed to assess the role of BRAF mutation status in relation to histopathological characteristics and survival of patients with stage II and III malignant melanoma. A prospective cohort of 108 patients with pT3 malignant melanoma who were treated in a comprehensive cancer center were included in the analysis. All patients were treated according…
Randomized Controlled Trials60 records
Rank107.6
Systematic review or meta-analysis
JAMA network open · 2026 · PMID 42084869
IMPORTANCE: Circadian rhythms affect immunity, which could affect the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI). Whether the time of ICI administration is associated with clinical outcomes in advanced cancers remains unclear.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between time of day of ICI administration and oncologic outcomes in patients with advanced solid tumors.
DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE (via PubMed), Embase, and Web of Science Core Collection were searched in February 2026 to identify eligible studies.
S…
Rank106.9
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Scientific reports · 2026 · PMID 41844942
The gut microbiota influences immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) efficacy. Microbiome-modulating strategies (MMSs), including probiotics, synbiotics, and faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), have emerged as promising adjuncts, but their clinical impact remains uncertain. We systematically reviewed PubMed, Embase, and CENTRAL to February 2025 for clinical cohorts evaluating MMS in cancer patients receiving ICIs. Thirty-six studies (25 trials/cohorts; n = 2,746) were included. Meta-analyses, and subgroup analyse…
Rank105.7
Systematic review or meta-analysis
European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026 · PMID 40835773
PURPOSE: Spinal metastases affect up to 70% of systemic cancer patients, with overall survival averaging less than six months. Traditional chemotherapeutic agents have unsatisfactory results, leading to immunotherapy (IT) investigations. There is no clear consensus on the benefits and risks of IT for spinal tumors. This study assesses the current literature to determine IT safety and survival efficacy for tumors involving spinal column.
METHODS: Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search was conducted across …
Rank103.6
Systematic review or meta-analysisCorrection flagged
The Lancet. Oncology · 2026 · PMID 41796592
BACKGROUND: It is unproven whether sentinel node biopsy (SNB) for people with cutaneous melanoma improves survival. This study aimed to establish whether there is a reduction in the risk of death from melanoma after SNB.
METHODS: This systematic review and meta-analysis involved searches of Medline, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, and ClinicalTrials.gov (up to Jan 8, 2025) using terms for melanoma, SNB, and survival. Studies were included if they reported survival in adults (ie, aged ≥18 years) with melanoma who underwen…
Rank103.2
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2026 · PMID 41931525
Systemic glucocorticoids, widely prescribed for inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, have long been suspected of increasing cancer risk through immunosuppressive and metabolic effects. Randomized trials are often unethical and difficult to conduct, leaving observational studies the best option to determine whether the use of systemic glucocorticoids affects cancer development. However, these studies face significant methodologic issues that may compromise the validity of their findings. We systematically reviewed …
Rank102.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Frontiers in immunology · 2026 · PMID 42311664
BACKGROUND: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are widely used in lung cancer treatment; however, immune-related adverse events (irAEs) remain an important safety-related research topic. Currently, there is a lack of comprehensive bibliometric analyses specifically addressing irAEs in lung cancer.
METHODS: This study utilized the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) and PubMed databases to retrieve literature on irAEs associated with ICIs in lung cancer from 2016 to 2025. Among the 1, 792 eligible records from W…
Rank101.0
Randomized controlled trial
JAMA network open · 2026 · PMID 41701495
IMPORTANCE: Patients with melanoma are at risk of developing subsequent cutaneous malignant neoplasms, and the effect of prior immunotherapy is unknown.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze new skin cancers in participants with high-risk stage II melanoma treated with adjuvant pembrolizumab or placebo.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: The multicenter double-blind, phase 3 KEYNOTE-716 randomized clinical trial enrolled 976 participants 12 years or older with completely resected stage IIB or IIC cutaneous melanoma between Septemb…
Rank100.6
Systematic review or meta-analysis
European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990) · 2026 · PMID 41389770
PURPOSE: There is growing interest in optimising melanoma management to reduce over-treatment and improve patient safety and quality-of-life, yet clinical guidance on deintensification is minimal. This scoping review characterises the role of systemic therapies and biomarkers in current and emerging melanoma deintensification strategies. Study types, funding sources, and use of patient-reported outcomes (PRO) were also summarised.
METHODS: MEDLINE, EMBASE and PubMed searches identified studies on deintensification …
Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Annals of the rheumatic diseases · 2026 · PMID 41951459
OBJECTIVES: This study aims to perform a systematic literature review (SLR) concerning the safety of synthetic and biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) for the 2025 update of European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR) recommendations for the management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
METHODS: Medline, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, and Web of Science were searched for observational and randomised controlled trials with a primary endpoint of DMARD safety on the conventional synthetic (c…
Rank100.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis
International journal of molecular sciences · 2026 · PMID 42123452
The objective is to assess the effectiveness and safety of combining PD-1 inhibitors with CTLA-4 inhibitors for melanoma treatment, drawing on current meta-analysis findings and evaluating the supporting evidence. We used medical subject words and free text words (such as "PD-1 inhibitor", "CTLA-4 inhibitor", "melanoma") as search keywords to search the literature in six literature databases from the establishment of the database to 11 April 2025. Using the PICO (Participant, Intervention, Control, and Outcome) fra…
Rank99.8
Randomized controlled trial
JAMA oncology · 2026 · PMID 41481311
IMPORTANCE: Programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) inhibitors have been the standard first-line treatment for advanced melanoma; however, their clinical benefit in advanced melanoma predominantly of acral subtype remains unclear.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of toripalimab (a PD-1 inhibitor) vs dacarbazine as the first-line treatment in advanced melanoma predominantly of acral subtype.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This multicenter, open-label, positive-control phase 3 randomized clinical trial enrol…
Rank99.2
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: mixed
Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2026 · PMID 41849224
PURPOSE: We report the long-term clinical outcomes of a multicenter, randomized phase II trial (NCT00089193) that tested immunogenicity of a vaccine composed of 12 class I MHC-restricted melanoma peptides (12MP), with or without granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) as an adjuvant and administered at one or two sites in patients with resected high-risk melanoma.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: Participants were randomized to one of four treatment arms: 12MP at one site (arm A), 12MP + GM-CSF at one site (…
Rank98.4
Randomized controlled trial
Medical decision making : an international journal of the Society for Medical Decision Making · 2026 · PMID 42289825
BACKGROUND: Alternative diagnostic labels for melanoma in situ may better reflect its lower risk (15-y survival of 98%) compared with invasive melanoma (10-y survival ranging from 98% for American Joint Committee on Cancer stage IA to 19% for stage IV).
DESIGN: Secondary analysis of an online randomized experiment in Australian adults without melanoma. Participants were randomized to a hypothetical diagnosis of "melanoma in situ (MIS)" (control), "low-risk melanocytic neoplasm," or "low-risk melanocytic neoplasm, i…
Rank98.3
Randomized controlled trial
The Lancet. Oncology · 2026 · PMID 41698381
BACKGROUND: Combination therapy with vibostolimab plus pembrolizumab has previously shown promising antitumor activity in melanoma. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of vibostolimab coformulated with pembrolizumab as adjuvant therapy for high-risk resected melanoma.
METHODS: This randomised, double-blind, phase 3 study was done at 205 global sites (hospitals and cancer centres). Participants aged 12 years or older with surgically resected, stage IIB-IV cutaneous melanoma per the American Joint Committee …
Rank97.9
Randomized controlled trial
Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2026 · PMID 41537702
PURPOSE: Treatment with encorafenib ± binimetinib is associated with improved survival versus vemurafenib in patients with BRAF V600E/K-mutant advanced melanoma. We retrospectively analyzed genomic and transcriptomic data from the phase III COLUMBUS trial to identify molecular correlates of benefit with encorafenib ± binimetinib.
EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: In COLUMBUS, patients with BRAF V600E/K-mutant locally advanced, unresectable, or metastatic melanoma (n = 921) were randomized to receive encorafenib plus binimetinib…
Rank97.2
Randomized controlled trial
Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology · 2026 · PMID 42025759
BACKGROUND: IO102-IO103, an investigational, immune-modulatory cancer vaccine, targets both tumor cells and immune-suppressive cells within the tumor microenvironment through activation and expansion of T cells against indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1-positive and/or programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1)-positive cells.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: This open-label, phase III trial randomly assigned 407 patients with untreated advanced melanoma in a 1:1 ratio to receive subcutaneous IO102-IO103 (85 μg each) plus pembrolizumab 200…
Rank96.8
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null
Journal of clinical epidemiology · 2026 · PMID 41933841
OBJECTIVES: Digital reminders are widely used in clinical trials, but their design is rarely evidence-based. We evaluated the effectiveness of two types of digital reminders for trial task completion.
STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: This randomized Study Within A Trial (SWAT) was embedded in the MEL-SELF trial which evaluates patient-led vs. clinician-led melanoma surveillance. SWAT participants were randomized 1:1 to motivation-informed or standard digital reminders for two tasks: monthly health-resource diaries (all pa…
Rank96.8
Randomized controlled trial
JAMA dermatology · 2026 · PMID 41335403
IMPORTANCE: Patient-performed teledermoscopy may improve access to dermatologic care, but evidence to guide dermatoscope selection for patient use is limited.
OBJECTIVE: To compare a lower-cost, ambient-light, nonpolarized dermatoscope with a higher-cost, illuminated, polarized dermatoscope for patient-performed teledermoscopy following treatment for early-stage melanoma.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This randomized study within a trial was embedded within the MEL-SELF trial and recruited adults previously tr…
Rank96.5
Randomized clinical study
BMC cancer · 2026 · PMID 41896823
BACKGROUND: Adjuvant treatment with PD-1 inhibitors for 12 months has been the established standard of care for patients with resected stage IIB-IV cutaneous melanoma. In other solid tumours (e.g. breast and colorectal), a shorter duration of adjuvant chemotherapy has been shown to be non-inferior with improved toxicity profile. More recently, neoadjuvant immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors for clinically detectable stage III and stage IV disease has been introduced. There is no clear biological rationa…
Rank96.2
Randomized controlled trialCorrection flagged
JAMA dermatology · 2026 · PMID 41811339
IMPORTANCE: The MEL-SELF randomized clinical trial (RCT) evaluated patient-led surveillance as an alternative model of follow-up. The baseline characteristics of participants provide insights into current unmet clinical needs of this population.
OBJECTIVE: To describe the baseline characteristics of people screened for and randomized to the MEL-SELF RCT, and those potentially eligible but not randomized.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Baseline data from the RCT's recruitment processes, from December 2021 to Jun…
Rank96.2
Randomized controlled trial
Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2026 · PMID 41421462
BACKGROUND: Lentigo maligna (LM) is an in situ melanoma occurring on sun-damaged skin. Radiotherapy or topical imiquimod are potential alternatives to surgery; a recent randomized trial showed no difference in treatment failure between those approaches (underpowered because of pandemic disruption).
OBJECTIVE: To conduct an economic evaluation comparing radiotherapy versus topical imiquimod for treating LM.
METHODS: Based on no difference in clinical outcomes, a cost analysis was performed alongside the RADICAL tria…
Rank95.9
Randomized controlled trial
Annals of surgical oncology · 2026 · PMID 41973292
BACKGROUND: Lymphedema is a common and burdensome complication after groin dissection for metastatic melanoma. This study evaluated whether a 6-month program of compression garments combined with simple lymphatic drainage (CG-SLD) reduces the rate of lymphedema presentation compared with standard care (SC).
PATIENTS AND METHODS: Participants were randomized 1:1 to SC or CG-SLD for 6 months postoperatively. Lymphedema was assessed preoperatively and every 3 months for 24 months using interlimb volume difference and …
Rank95.8
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: benefit
The Lancet. Oncology · 2026 · PMID 41785896
BACKGROUND: Percutaneous hepatic perfusion can lead to meaningful hepatic tumour control in metastatic uveal melanoma, but its benefit is confined to liver metastases and does not address extrahepatic disease. Immune checkpoint inhibitors ipilimumab and nivolumab show limited activity in uveal melanoma, although retrospective studies suggest improved outcomes when combined with liver-directed therapies. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of combining percutaneous hepatic perfusion with ipilimumab …
Rank95.6
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: benefit
BMC surgery · 2026 · PMID 42135693
INTRODUCTION: Non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs) are the most common malignancies and Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) with flap reconstruction is the treatment of choice. This study aims to investigate the effect of bromelain on the healing of skin flaps following MMS for NMSCs.
METHODS: In a single-center, parallel-group, single-blinded randomized clinical trial, 60 patients with NMSC who underwent MMS and flap reconstruction were assigned (1:1) to either an intervention group receiving bromelain (1500 mg/day, Rata…
Rank95.6
Randomized controlled trial
Nature · 2026 · PMID 42056527
Intravenous administration of anti-CTLA4 with anti-PD1 provides durable tumour responses but causes severe treatment-related adverse events in patients with cancer1. Intratumoural administration at lower doses but high local concentrations could enhance antitumour efficacy while minimizing systemic exposure and toxicity. Here we report the randomized multicentre phase 1b NIVIPIT trial (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02857569 ), which enrolled 61 patients with untreated metastatic melanoma, randomly assigned 2:1 to receive …
Safety And Adverse Effects60 records
Rank107.0
Systematic review or meta-analysis
International journal of clinical oncology · 2026 · PMID 42277540
BACKGROUND: Tumour agnostic therapies represent a paradigm shift in oncology. BRAF inhibitors have demonstrated efficacy in melanoma. However, their role in non-melanomatous cancers was originally contentious. This systematic review aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of BRAF-targeted therapies, both as monotherapy and in combination with other targeted therapies, in BRAF-mutated, non-melanomatous tumours.
METHODS: A systematic search of MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane CENTRAL was conducted from January 2…
Rank106.4
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Melanoma research · 2026 · PMID 42130334
Advanced melanoma, a highly lethal skin cancer, causes most skin cancer-related deaths. Oncolytic monotherapy or alongside immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is emerging as a promising treatment. Evaluating the therapeutic benefit and toxicity profile of different oncolytic viruses is essential to identify the most effective option. A Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses-based meta-analysis was conducted to assess and contrast the therapeutic effectiveness and tolerability of herpes s…
Rank105.4
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia · 2026 · PMID 42140114
BACKGROUND: Leptomeningeal disease (LMD) is an increasingly recognised late-stage complication of solid tumours (primarily melanoma, lung and breast cancers). It involves dissemination to the leptomeninges surrounding the brain and spinal cord and carries a poor prognosis ranging from 2-6 months. Recent advances in emerging therapies such as CNS-active targeted therapy, intrathecal agents, and early-phase immunotherapy necessitate an updated appraisal of prospective data.
METHODS: A systematic search of MEDLINE, Em…
Rank104.2
Systematic review or meta-analysis
Health science reports · 2026 · PMID 42524550
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Melanoma can be effectively treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), but information regarding the risks of treatment-related adverse events (trAEs), immune-related adverse events (irAEs), and real-world adverse events (AEs) is scarce.
METHODS: We searched PubMed, Embase, Medline, and Cochrane CENTRAL databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing ICIs for melanoma therapy up to February 16, 2025. Bayesian network meta-analysis (NMA) was conducted, and odds ratios (ORs) wi…
Rank96.0
Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: benefit
Melanoma research · 2026 · PMID 42108206
Accurate sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping is essential for staging melanoma and guiding adjuvant therapy. Conventional mapping uses technetium-99m (Tc-99m) radiocolloid ± blue dye. Near-infrared fluorescence with indocyanine green (ICG) offers real-time, radiation-free visualization but varies in transcutaneous performance. This review synthesizes contemporary evidence comparing ICG to Tc-99m and blue dye for SLN detection in melanoma, highlighting anatomic, technical, and safety considerations relevant to surgica…
Rank88.8
Randomized clinical study
Annals of surgical oncology · 2026 · PMID 42177374
BACKGROUND: Randomized trials demonstrated superior outcomes with neoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) compared with adjuvant ICI alone for patients with resectable macroscopic melanoma. However, the optimal perioperative strategy remains undetermined, and biomarkers are lacking. Real-world data reporting the feasibility of limited resection and the utility of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in predicting melanoma recurrence could help inform optimal practice.
METHODS: Retrospective data regarding treatment…
Rank87.4
Randomized clinical study
Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2026 · PMID 42507094
BACKGROUND: Binimetinib is a selective and potent MEK1/MEK2 inhibitor approved in combination with encorafenib for patients with BRAF-mutant melanoma and non-small cell lung cancer. Binimetinib is a basic amine with pH-dependent solubility in vitro, indicating that binimetinib may be susceptible to drug-drug interactions when coadministered with a proton pump inhibitor.
OBJECTIVE: The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of a low-fat meal and high-fat meal and, separately, of multiple doses of…
Rank85.0
Randomized clinical study
Contemporary clinical trials · 2026 · PMID 42537926
BACKGROUND: Children in rural and underserved communities face a higher risk of developing skin cancer later in life owing to social, behavioral, and environmental factors. The goal of the Rural Adult and Youth Sun Protection (RAYS) trial is to evaluate the efficacy of a multicomponent, multilevel sun-safety intervention in improving sun protection among children in these communities.
METHODS: The RAYS cluster-randomized trial will test a sun safety intervention delivered through youth (ages 3-6) recreational sport…
Rank77.0
Phase II clinical trial
Oncoimmunology · 2026 · PMID 41732954
Checkpoint blockade of PD-1 with pembrolizumab provides long-term survival to a significant proportion of patients with metastatic melanoma. Pembrolizumab has been successfully used in combination with chemotherapy in non-small-cell lung cancer to increase the response rate. This phase II trial combined pembrolizumab with carboplatin/paclitaxel (CP) to assess its safety and efficacy, and to identify correlates of responses. Thirty patients without prior immunotherapy for unresectable/metastatic melanoma were treate…
Rank77.0
Phase II clinical trial
Cancer · 2026 · PMID 42487497
BACKGROUND: Vobramitamab duocarmazine is an investigational antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) targeting B7 homolog 3 (B7-H3) with a cytotoxic duocarmycin-based DNA-alkylating payload. This study evaluated its safety and antitumor activity in advanced solid tumors.
METHODS: In this phase 1/2 trial (CP-MGC-018-01/NCT03729596), vobramitamab duocarmazine was evaluated at 0.5-4.0 mg/kg intravenously every 3 weeks. The multicohort tumor-expansion phase focused on metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), lung,…
Rank75.8
Multicenter clinical study
International journal of cancer · 2026 · PMID 41833546
The prospective, German NICO study (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02990611) evaluated real-world effectiveness and safety with nivolumab plus ipilimumab or nivolumab alone (any-line) in patients with advanced melanoma with/without melanoma brain metastasis (MBM). A total of 755 patients treated with nivolumab plus ipilimumab (n = 486; median follow-up, 46.8 months) or nivolumab alone (n = 269; median follow-up, 38.7 months) were enrolled. Baseline characteristics differed between the treatment groups, with the …
Rank75.0
Prospective cohort study
International journal of cancer · 2026 · PMID 42071337
Outdoor air pollution, including particulate matter (PM), is a Group 1 carcinogen based on evidence for lung cancer; however, evidence for other cancers is limited. Further research on cancer incidence rather than mortality endpoints is needed as well as examinations in non-smokers. In the Cancer Prevention Study-II Nutrition Cohort, annual predictions of particulate and gaseous pollutant concentrations were assigned to residential addresses. Extended Cox regression estimated hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence i…
Rank74.9
Multicenter clinical study
European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990) · 2026 · PMID 42269243
BACKGROUND: Neoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy (nICI) improves outcomes in stage III melanoma. Real-world data remain limited, especially in patient subgroups ineligible for trials or undergoing approaches deviating from trial protocols.
METHODS: Retrospective review of all patients who received nICI outside clinical trials for resectable stage IIIB-D melanoma across 8 Australian institutions. Baseline characteristics, treatment details, radiological and pathological responses, event-free survival (EFS…
Rank67.1
Phase I clinical trial
Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology · 2026 · PMID 41628698
INTRODUCTION: The observation in preclinical studies that FLASH radiotherapy (FLASH-RT) can spare normal tissues while maintaining its anti-tumoral effect provided the rational for its clinical translation. In this context, this clinical trial presents the first-in-human dose-escalation trial of FLASH-RT.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This phase I clinical trial enrolled patients presenting progressive melanoma with cutaneous metastases refractory to systemic treatment. A 3 + 3 dose-escalation design was used to determine…
Rank67.0
Phase I clinical trial
British journal of cancer · 2026 · PMID 42062531
BACKGROUND: TRIMELVax is a cancer vaccine prototype derived from heat-conditioned melanoma cell lysates combined with a natural adjuvant. Preclinical studies demonstrated robust antitumor immune responses and tumor regression. We conducted a Phase I clinical trial to evaluate the safety, tolerability, immunogenicity, and preliminary efficacy of TRIMELVax in patients with unresectable stage IV melanoma who had progressed after first-line anti-PD-1 therapy.
METHODS: Eligible patients had stage IV melanoma with docume…
Rank52.7
Other PubMed-indexed publicationResult signal: harm
Annals of surgery · 2026 · PMID 42522061
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Neoadjuvant immunotherapy has emerged as the preferred treatment strategy for patients with resectable stage III melanoma. However, real-world data remain limited, especially regarding patients with in-transit metastasis (ITM). The aim of this study was to evaluate neoadjuvant immunotherapy in a population-based cohort of patients with stage III melanoma with a specific focus on patients with ITM.
STUDY DESIGN: This population-based multicenter observational study included all patients with mac…
Rank52.2
Other PubMed-indexed publication
Retina (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2026 · PMID 41940757
PURPOSE: To evaluate ≥15-letter visual acuity loss after plaque radiotherapy of posterior uveal melanoma (PUM) in the pre-anti-vascular endothelial growth factor era.
METHODS: We reviewed data on 4,000 consecutive patients managed between 1976 and 2008 regarding patient demographics, tumor features, treatment factors, and ≥15-letter visual acuity loss over time based on tumor size category of small (0-3.0 mm thickness), medium (3.1-8.0 mm), and large (>8.0 mm).
RESULTS: Of the 4,000 patients, there were small (n = …
Rank51.3
Other PubMed-indexed publication
Advances in radiation oncology · 2026 · PMID 42388439
PURPOSE: Radionecrosis (RN) is a dose-limiting toxicity after stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for brain metastases and is hard to differentiate from treated tumor progression. The outcomes of patients with RN following SRS are poorly described, particularly compared with those with local central nervous system progression. Therefore, we characterize outcomes of patients who developed RN versus those with treated tumor recurrence in the absence of out-of-field intracranial progression after SRS.
METHODS AND MATERIAL…
Rank49.0
Other PubMed-indexed publication
Clinical & experimental optometry · 2026 · PMID 41662828
CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Radiation retinopathy is a common cause of visual impairment following ocular radiotherapy, and systemic inflammatory activity may contribute to retinal vascular damage. Understanding inflammatory mechanisms may support earlier identification of patients at risk and improve clinical monitoring strategies.
BACKGROUND: Radiation retinopathy is a vision-threatening complication of radiotherapy for uveal melanoma and has traditionally been considered a localised microvascular disorder. However, the …
Rank45.0
Other PubMed-indexed publication
International journal of molecular medicine · 2026 · PMID 42318967
Skin is among the most frequent sites of cancer diagnosis, and the global incidence of skin cancer continues to rise despite extensive public health initiatives and preventive strategies. Arsenic, a ubiquitous environmental metalloid classified as a Group 1 carcinogen, remains an important concern due to widespread exposure through contaminated drinking water, food sources and occupational contact. Arsenic‑associated skin carcinogenesis involves complex, interdependent molecular processes and has been linked to the…
Rank45.0
Other PubMed-indexed publication
Annals of African medicine · 2026 · PMID 42533742
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized cancer treatment, including malignant melanoma. However, ICIs are associated with immune-related adverse events (irAEs), including hypophysitis, secondary adrenal insufficiency, thyroid disorders, and insulin-dependent diabetes. We present the case of a 60-year-old male with a history of autoimmune disorders, including primary hypothyroidism and giant-cell arteritis, who developed diabetes mellitus requiring insulin therapy after 6 weeks of treatment, eosinoph…
Rank45.0
Other PubMed-indexed publication
Transplantation and cellular therapy · 2026 · PMID 42532276
Adoptively transferred T cells require cytokine stimulation, which is achieved using lymphodepleting chemotherapy with or without administration of exogenous interleukin 2 (IL-2). Lymphodepleting chemotherapy (LDC) is associated with cytopenias and attendant complications, while high dose IL-2 causes severe infusion toxicity and can stimulate undesirable cell populations. To address these challenges, we developed cis-targeted IL-2 fusion molecules which are comprised of an IL-2 mutein with attenuated binding to IL-…
Rank45.0
Other PubMed-indexed publication
Journal of materials chemistry. B · 2026 · PMID 42530322
Conventional photosensitizers (PSs) are hindered by aggregation-caused quenching, limited tissue-penetration depth and off-target toxicity, which restricts their clinical translation for photodynamic therapy (PDT). To tackle these bottlenecks, we constructed an all-in-one nanotheranostic system named F127@546, where a donor-acceptor-type fluorophore (IR-546) with twisted intramolecular charge-transfer (TICT) characteristics is encapsulated within the amphiphilic polymer Pluronic F127. This rational design not only …
Rank45.0
Other PubMed-indexed publication
International ophthalmology · 2026 · PMID 42521880
PURPOSE: Radiation retinopathy (RR) and radiation maculopathy (RM) are common, vision-threatening complications of ocular and periocular radiotherapy, particularly after treatment of uveal melanoma. They result from progressive occlusive microangiopathy leading to retinal ischemia, macular edema, and visual decline. With the increasing use of plaque brachytherapy and proton beam therapy, understanding their epidemiology, risk factors, and management is essential to improve outcomes.
RESULTS: RR and RM arise from ra…
Rank45.0
Other PubMed-indexed publication
Clinical Medicine Insights. Oncology · 2026 · PMID 42523965
BACKGROUND: Resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) remains a major therapeutic challenge in advanced melanoma. The phase II LEAP-004 trial demonstrated activity of lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab after ICI failure; however, real-world data are limited.
METHODS: We conducted a retrospective single-center case series of nine consecutive patients with unresectable or metastatic melanoma refractory to prior immunotherapy who received lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab. Tumor responses were assessed according to REC…
Treatments That Failed Clinical Trials40 records
Rank99.1
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: harm
JAMA network open · 2024 · PMID 38319662
IMPORTANCE: While smoking is associated with a decreased incidence of cutaneous melanoma, the association of smoking with melanoma progression and death is not well defined.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the association of smoking with survival in patients with early-stage primary cutaneous melanoma.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cohort study performed a post hoc analysis of data derived from the randomized, multinational first and second Multicenter Selective Lymphadenectomy Trials (MSLT-I and MSLT-II). Partic…
Rank99.0
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: benefit
Annals of surgical oncology · 2025 · PMID 39893343
BACKGROUND: Previous results from the KEYNOTE-716 trial demonstrated significantly improved recurrence-free survival (RFS) and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) with adjuvant pembrolizumab versus placebo in patients with resected stage IIB or IIC melanoma. We present a post hoc analysis of efficacy according to primary tumor location.
METHODS: KEYNOTE-716 (NCT03553836) is a randomized, multicenter, double-blind, phase III study. Patients aged ≥ 12 years with newly diagnosed, resected stage IIB or IIC melanoma…
Rank97.2
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: mixed
Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2026 · PMID 41849224
PURPOSE: We report the long-term clinical outcomes of a multicenter, randomized phase II trial (NCT00089193) that tested immunogenicity of a vaccine composed of 12 class I MHC-restricted melanoma peptides (12MP), with or without granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) as an adjuvant and administered at one or two sites in patients with resected high-risk melanoma.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: Participants were randomized to one of four treatment arms: 12MP at one site (arm A), 12MP + GM-CSF at one site (…
Rank96.3
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null
The Lancet. Oncology · 2026 · PMID 41698381
BACKGROUND: Combination therapy with vibostolimab plus pembrolizumab has previously shown promising antitumor activity in melanoma. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of vibostolimab coformulated with pembrolizumab as adjuvant therapy for high-risk resected melanoma.
METHODS: This randomised, double-blind, phase 3 study was done at 205 global sites (hospitals and cancer centres). Participants aged 12 years or older with surgically resected, stage IIB-IV cutaneous melanoma per the American Joint Committee …
Rank96.2
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null
The Lancet. Oncology · 2025 · PMID 41167217
BACKGROUND: In several countries, whole-body imaging has been introduced in the routine follow-up of individuals with high-risk cutaneous malignant melanoma after surgery. However, there is scarce evidence that earlier detection of recurrent disease by regular scanning improves survival. In this interim analysis, we investigated whether imaging in the follow-up programme for high-risk cutaneous malignant melanoma improves survival and assessed whether the study should continue to include participants.
METHODS: TRIM…
Rank96.0
Randomized controlled trial
European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990) · 2024 · PMID 39288737
UNLABELLED: In the previously reported primary analyses of this phase 3 trial, 12 months of adjuvant pembrolizumab resulted in significantly longer recurrence-free survival (RFS) and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) than placebo in patients with resected high risk stage III melanoma. Stability of these benefits when the median follow-up was 3.5 and 5 years was published. Here we report results with a longer follow-up.
METHODS: We randomized 1019 patients to receive pembrolizumab 200 mg or placebo, intravenou…
Rank95.4
Randomized controlled trial
Annals of surgical oncology · 2024 · PMID 38851639
BACKGROUND: Cutaneous neurotropic melanoma (NM) of the head and neck (H&N) is prone to local relapse, possibly due to difficulties widely excising the tumor. This trial assessed radiation therapy (RT) to the primary site after local excision.
METHODS: Participants from 15 international centers were randomized to observation or RT. The participants were required to have microscopically negative excision margins 5 mm wide or wider and no evidence of disease elsewhere. The primary outcome was time to local relapse. Th…
Rank95.2
Randomized controlled trial
Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology · 2026 · PMID 42025759
BACKGROUND: IO102-IO103, an investigational, immune-modulatory cancer vaccine, targets both tumor cells and immune-suppressive cells within the tumor microenvironment through activation and expansion of T cells against indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1-positive and/or programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1)-positive cells.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: This open-label, phase III trial randomly assigned 407 patients with untreated advanced melanoma in a 1:1 ratio to receive subcutaneous IO102-IO103 (85 μg each) plus pembrolizumab 200…
Rank95.2
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null
Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology · 2024 · PMID 38048850
BACKGROUND: Tebentafusp demonstrated a superior overall survival (OS) benefit [hazard ratio (HR) 0.51] compared to investigator's choice (82% pembrolizumab) in a randomized, phase III trial (IMCgp100-202; N = 378) in untreated metastatic uveal melanoma (mUM). The 1-year OS rates for tebentafusp and pembrolizumab were 73% and 59%, respectively. In the single-arm GEM1402 (N = 52), the 1-year OS rate for nivolumab plus ipilimumab (N+I) in mUM was 52%. Due to limitations in conducting randomized trials in mUM, we compa…
Rank94.3
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null
Nature communications · 2024 · PMID 38395969
Autologous natural dendritic cells (nDCs) treatment can induce tumor-specific immune responses and clinical responses in cancer patients. In this phase III clinical trial (NCT02993315), 148 patients with resected stage IIIB/C melanoma were randomized to adjuvant treatment with nDCs (n = 99) or placebo (n = 49). Active treatment consisted of intranodally injected autologous CD1c+ conventional and plasmacytoid DCs loaded with tumor antigens. The primary endpoint was the 2-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) rate, whe…
Rank94.2
Randomized controlled trial
Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network : JNCCN · 2025 · PMID 39938469
BACKGROUND: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are widely used cancer drugs. We developed "UPLIFT," a video and question prompt list (QPL) intervention to educate patients about ICI risks and benefits.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: We conducted a randomized controlled trial of UPLIFT versus usual care among 130 adults initiating ICIs and caregivers. Dyads were randomized 1:1 to receive UPLIFT or usual care prior to ICI initiation. Participants completed surveys at enrollment, 72 hours, and 6 weeks post-ICI initiation. The…
Rank94.2
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null
Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2025 · PMID 40683357
BACKGROUND: For patients with lentigo maligna who are not suitable for surgery, radiotherapy, or topical imiquimod are alternative nonsurgical treatments.
OBJECTIVE: This trial aimed to assess the efficacy, safety, and patient-reported health-related quality of life (HRQL).
METHODS: A multiinstitutional, phase 3, randomized trial conducted between August 2015 and November 2021. Patients were randomized to radiotherapy or imiquimod. The primary end point was treatment failure at 24 months. Secondary end points inclu…
Rank94.0
Randomized controlled trial
JAMA oncology · 2023 · PMID 37410476
IMPORTANCE: Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and PD-1 ligand 1 have improved the outcome for many cancer types, the majority of patients fails to respond to ICI monotherapy. Hypofractionated radiotherapy has the potential to improve the therapeutic ratio of ICIs.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the addition of radiotherapy to ICIs compared with ICI monotherapy in patients with advanced solid tumors.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This open-label, multicenter, randomized…
Rank94.0
Randomized controlled trial
European journal of surgical oncology : the journal of the European Society of Surgical Oncology and the British Association of Surgical Oncology · 2026 · PMID 41240797
BACKGROUND: PET/CT is widely used in the staging of patients with melanoma groin lymph node (LN) metastases. This study aims to utilise prospectively collected data to determine the accuracy of this modality in the diagnosis of pelvic metastases in those patients with known inguinal LN involvement.
METHODS: Data collected as part of the Evaluation of Groin Lymphadenectomy Extent for Metastatic Melanoma (EAGLE-FM) trial was analysed. Patients with known inguinal LN metastases were evaluated with 18 F-FDG PET/CT. Tho…
Rank93.0
Randomized controlled trial
Frontiers in immunology · 2025 · PMID 40918097
BACKGROUND: Neoantigen-based vaccines show promising therapeutic potential in solid tumors such as melanoma, GBM, NSCLC, and CRC. However, clinical responses remain suboptimal in stage IV patients, due to ineffective T-cell function and high tumor burdens. To overcome these limitations, our study investigates a combination strategy using neoantigen peptide vaccines and precision critical lesion radiotherapy (CLERT), which delivers immunomodulatory doses to key tumor regions synergistically enhance immune activation…
Rank92.4
Randomized controlled trial
European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990) · 2023 · PMID 37277264
BACKGROUND: Metformin is a commonly prescribed and well-tolerated medication. In laboratory studies, metformin suppresses BRAF wild-type melanoma cells but accelerates the growth of BRAF-mutated cells. This study investigated the prognostic and predictive value of metformin, including with respect to BRAF mutation status, in the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer 1325/KEYNOTE-054 randomised controlled trial.
METHODS: Patients with resected high-risk stage IIIA, IIIB, or IIIC melanoma receive…
Rank92.2
Randomized controlled trial
Photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy · 2025 · PMID 39753196
BACKGROUND: Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is an aggressive tumor with unclear margins. Photodynamic diagnosis (PDD) enables the differentiation of tumor tissue from normal tissue via visible fluorescence. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is widely used in the treatment of non-melanoma skin tumors. This study aims to illustrate the efficacy and safety of PDD-guided tumor excision combined with ALA-PDT in patients with cSCC.
METHODS: This study involved 23 cSCC patients, randomly assigned to the PDD group (n = 1…
Rank92.1
Randomized controlled trial
Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine · 2023 · PMID 37318275
BACKGROUND: Although learning health information is beneficial for physical well-being, many people opt to avoid learning this information due to its potentially threatening nature. Such avoidance can lead to delays in seeking treatment.
PURPOSE: This study tested the effectiveness of a self-regulation technique, mental contrasting (MC), specifically MC of a negative future with a positive current reality, in reducing health information avoidance regarding skin cancer (melanoma). We hypothesized that participants w…
Rank90.0
Randomized controlled trial
Cancer treatment and research communications · 2024 · PMID 39305541
BACKGROUND: The autologous tumor lysate, particle-loaded, dendritic cell (TLPLDC) vaccine is produced from dendritic cells (DC) loaded ex vivo with autologous tumor lysate (TL). TLPLDC has been shown to decrease recurrence in resected Stage III/IV melanoma patients in a Phase IIb trial. The TL particle only (TLPO) vaccine is produced by loading of yeast cell wall particles with autologous TL and direct injection allowing for in vivo DC loading. We have compared the TLPO and TLPLDC vaccines in an embedded Phase I/II…
Rank90.0
Randomized controlled trial
Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2024 · PMID 38954010
BACKGROUND: Radiotherapy (RT) synergizes with immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). CD1c(BDCA-1)+/CD141(BDCA-3)+ myeloid dendritic cells (myDC) in the tumor microenvironment are indispensable at initiating effector T-cell responses and response to ICB.
METHODS: In this phase II clinical trial, anti-PD-1 ICB pretreated oligometastatic patients (tumor agnostic) underwent a leukapheresis followed by isolation of CD1c(BDCA-1)+/CD141(BDCA-3)+ myDC. Following hypofractionated stereotactic body RT (3 × 8 Gy), patients were ra…
Rank87.0
Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null
Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2023 · PMID 36881133
AIM: We have previously reported that polyfunctional T cell responses can be induced to the cancer testis antigen NY-ESO-1 in melanoma patients injected with mature autologous monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) loaded with long NY-ESO-1-derived peptides together with α-galactosylceramide (α-GalCer), an agonist for type 1 Natural Killer T (NKT) cells.
OBJECTIVE: To assess whether inclusion of α-GalCer in autologous NY-ESO-1 long peptide-pulsed DC vaccines (DCV + α-GalCer) improves T cell responses when compared …
Rank82.7
Phase II clinical trial
Oncoimmunology · 2024 · PMID 38170160
Ieramilimab, a humanized anti-LAG-3 monoclonal antibody, was well tolerated in combination with the anti-PD-1 antibody spartalizumab in a phase 1 study. This phase 2 study aimed to further investigate the efficacy and safety of combination treatment in patients with selected advanced (locally advanced or metastatic) solid malignancies. Eligible patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), melanoma, renal cell carcinoma (RCC), mesothelioma, and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) were grouped depending on prio…
Rank81.2
Phase II clinical trial
Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2025 · PMID 40711475
PURPOSE: Nelitolimod (previously SD-101) is a toll-like receptor 9 agonist. We assessed whether intratumoral nelitolimod plus pembrolizumab potentiates antitumor activity in patients with advanced melanoma who had not previously received anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with advanced melanoma who were naïve to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy received either nelitolimod 2 mg injected into 1 to 4 lesions or nelitolimod 8 mg injected weekly into a single lesion for 4 weekly doses and then every 3 weeks.…
Rank81.0
Phase II clinical trialResult signal: null
Neuro-oncology · 2024 · PMID 38946469
BACKGROUND: Encorafenib plus binimetinib (EB) is a standard-of-care treatment for advanced BRAFV600-mutant melanoma. We assessed the efficacy and safety of encorafenib plus binimetinib in patients with BRAFV600-mutant melanoma and brain metastasis (BM) and explored if radiotherapy improves the duration of response.
METHODS: E-BRAIN/GEM1802 was a prospective, multicenter, single-arm, phase II trial that enrolled patients with melanoma BRAFV600-mutant and BM. Patients received encorafenib 450 mg once daily plus binim…
Rank80.6
Phase II clinical trial
Clinical nuclear medicine · 2025 · PMID 40424608
BACKGROUND: 18 F-FLT PET/CT visualizes cellular proliferation and may correlate more directly with tumor aggressiveness and treatment response than 18 F-FDG PET/CT in melanoma patients treated with BRAF/MEK inhibitors. We aimed to assess whether 18 F-FLT PET/CT can predict early resistance to BRAF/MEK inhibitors in addition to current clinical tools in patients with BRAF-mutated metastatic melanoma.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: This explorative side study of the phase II multicenter REPOSIT trial included 19 patients with…
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