Cancer evidence library

Prostate Cancer

PubMed-indexed evidence for localized, advanced, metastatic, and treatment-resistant prostate cancer.

PubMed only Research ranked Conflicts shown Data downloadable

Living evidence synopsis

What the current PubMed collection shows.

Alexandria currently organizes 740 non-retracted PubMed-indexed records for Prostate Cancer. The structured collection includes 10 guideline or consensus records, 104 evidence syntheses/systematic reviews/meta-analyses, and 92 randomized or phase III studies. 301 records were identified by the configured last-24-month search. Conflict-of-interest statements are available in the PubMed record for 508 of 740 included records.

Engine 0.3.2 Snapshot v8 Updated 2026-09-02 Download source data · CSV

PubMed records740Non-retracted records included

Last 24 months301Records found by the recent-research search

High-priority evidence196Syntheses, reviews, randomized and phase III studies

Effect estimates325Machine-readable values extracted from abstracts

COI statements68.6%Coverage within PubMed records

Funding records180PMIDs with grant/funding metadata

Evidence data

Research landscape

Charts are generated from Alexandria’s structured PubMed records, not copied from journal figures.

Publication activity

Records by publication year

Latest 12 represented years

2015

2016

2017

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

2024

2025

653

2026

2027

Evidence composition

Study designs

Other or unclassified320

Preclinical/laboratory113

Randomized trials78

Meta-analyses67

Systematic reviews37

Cohort studies29

Phase II trials28

Observational studies17

Phase III trials14

Clinical guidelines10

Transparency

Conflict-of-interest reporting

Reported no conflicts243

Not reported in PubMed record232

COI statement present192

Declared financial/industry relationship73

Absence of a conflict-of-interest statement in PubMed does not establish that no conflict existed.

Abstract result signals

Extracted result direction

Not extractable from abstract636

Neutral/null signal51

Supportive signal28

Harm signal20

Mixed signal5

Reported outcomes

Numerical results extracted from PubMed abstracts

Each value remains attached to its original PMID. Alexandria does not pool these results or imply that unlike populations and endpoints are directly comparable.

Non-pooled ratio measures

Hazard, risk, and odds ratios reported in abstracts

Reference = 1.0

0.250.51.02.04.0

not_reported Hazard Ratio · PMID 39613566 · 2026

2.10

not_reported Hazard Ratio · PMID 39613566 · 2026

0.60 95% CI 0.10–2.40

not_reported Hazard Ratio · PMID 39613566 · 2026

2.00 95% CI 1.10–3.64

not_reported Odds Ratio · PMID 40335398 · 2026

60.00

not_reported Odds Ratio · PMID 41033927 · 2026

160.00

not_reported Hazard Ratio · PMID 41033927 · 2026

1.90

not_reported Odds Ratio · PMID 41223063 · 2026

5.81 95% CI 1.89–17.91

not_reported Odds Ratio · PMID 41223063 · 2026

4.38 95% CI 1.57–12.28

not_reported Odds Ratio · PMID 41223063 · 2026

5.33 95% CI 1.75–16.25

not_reported Hazard Ratio · PMID 41494929 · 2026

1.03 95% CI 0.75–1.41

not_reported Odds Ratio · PMID 41548387 · 2026

5.00

not_reported Odds Ratio · PMID 41548387 · 2026

5.00

not_reported Odds Ratio · PMID 41570179 · 2026

120.00

not_reported Odds Ratio · PMID 41891526 · 2026

1.29

View extracted numerical results 60

Publication	Outcome	Measure	Reported value	Source
Baseline Nodal Status on 68Ga-PSMA-11 Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography in Men with Intermediate- to High-risk Prostate Cancer Is Prognostic for Treatment Failure: Follow-up of the proPSMA Trial.European urology oncology · 2026	not_reported	Hazard Ratio	2.1 p = 0.01	PMID 39613566
Baseline Nodal Status on 68Ga-PSMA-11 Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography in Men with Intermediate- to High-risk Prostate Cancer Is Prognostic for Treatment Failure: Follow-up of the proPSMA Trial.European urology oncology · 2026	not_reported	Hazard Ratio	0.6 95% CI 0.1–2.4 p = 0.45	PMID 39613566
Baseline Nodal Status on 68Ga-PSMA-11 Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography in Men with Intermediate- to High-risk Prostate Cancer Is Prognostic for Treatment Failure: Follow-up of the proPSMA Trial.European urology oncology · 2026	not_reported	Hazard Ratio	2.0 95% CI 1.1–3.64 p = 0.007	PMID 39613566
Patient-reported Quality of Life in PROFIT, a Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial Evaluating Moderately Hypofractionated Radiotherapy for Intermediate-risk Prostate Cancer.European urology oncology · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	60.0	PMID 40335398
Patient-reported Quality of Life in PROFIT, a Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial Evaluating Moderately Hypofractionated Radiotherapy for Intermediate-risk Prostate Cancer.European urology oncology · 2026	not_reported	Percentage Comparison	53.0percent vs 44.0percent p = 0.01	PMID 40335398
Patient-reported Quality of Life in PROFIT, a Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial Evaluating Moderately Hypofractionated Radiotherapy for Intermediate-risk Prostate Cancer.European urology oncology · 2026	not_reported	Percentage Comparison	51.0percent vs 39.0percent p = 0.01	PMID 40335398
Cabazitaxel Versus Abiraterone or Enzalutamide for Poor-prognosis Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer After Docetaxel: A Phase 2 Trial with a Circulating Tumor DNA Analysis.European urology oncology · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	160.0	PMID 41033927
Cabazitaxel Versus Abiraterone or Enzalutamide for Poor-prognosis Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer After Docetaxel: A Phase 2 Trial with a Circulating Tumor DNA Analysis.European urology oncology · 2026	adverse events	Percentage Comparison	65.4percent vs 30.2percent	PMID 41033927
Cabazitaxel Versus Abiraterone or Enzalutamide for Poor-prognosis Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer After Docetaxel: A Phase 2 Trial with a Circulating Tumor DNA Analysis.European urology oncology · 2026	not_reported	Hazard Ratio	1.9 p = 0.02	PMID 41033927
Enhancing Prostate Cancer Screening Literacy Through Shared Decision-Making: Results of a Randomized Trial in a Vulnerable Population.Urology practice · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	5.811 95% CI 1.885–17.909 P = .002	PMID 41223063
Enhancing Prostate Cancer Screening Literacy Through Shared Decision-Making: Results of a Randomized Trial in a Vulnerable Population.Urology practice · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	4.384 95% CI 1.566–12.278 P = .002	PMID 41223063
Enhancing Prostate Cancer Screening Literacy Through Shared Decision-Making: Results of a Randomized Trial in a Vulnerable Population.Urology practice · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	5.33 95% CI 1.749–16.246 P = .002	PMID 41223063
[18F]-Fluciclovine or [68Ga]-PSMA-11 Molecular Imaging To Guide Dose Escalation of Salvage Radiotherapy After Radical Prostatectomy for Prostate Cancer: The EMPIRE-2 Trial.European urology · 2026	not_reported	Percentage Comparison	84.0percent vs 73.0percent p = 0.01	PMID 41412908
Dose-intensified Versus Conventional-dose Salvage Radiotherapy for Biochemically Recurrent Prostate Cancer After Prostatectomy: Long-term Data from the SAKK 09/10 Randomised Phase 3 Trial.European urology · 2026	not_reported	Hazard Ratio	1.03 95% CI 0.75–1.41 p = 0.87	PMID 41494929
Two Versus Five-Fraction Magnetic Resonance-Guided Adaptive Radiotherapy with DOminant-TArgeted Boost in Localized Prostate Cancer (DOTA-2): Interim Acute Toxicity Analysis of the Phase II Randomised Trial.Clinical oncology (Royal College of Radiologists (Great Britain)) · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	5.0	PMID 41548387
Two Versus Five-Fraction Magnetic Resonance-Guided Adaptive Radiotherapy with DOminant-TArgeted Boost in Localized Prostate Cancer (DOTA-2): Interim Acute Toxicity Analysis of the Phase II Randomised Trial.Clinical oncology (Royal College of Radiologists (Great Britain)) · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	5.0	PMID 41548387
Effect of Celecoxib Combined With Low-Dose-Rate Brachytherapy on Long-Term Oncological Outcomes and Quality of Life in Prostate Cancer: Post Hoc Analysis of an Open-Label Controlled Randomized Trial.The Prostate · 2026	recurrence	Percentage Comparison	1.5percent vs 9.0percent p = 0.006	PMID 41570179
Effect of Celecoxib Combined With Low-Dose-Rate Brachytherapy on Long-Term Oncological Outcomes and Quality of Life in Prostate Cancer: Post Hoc Analysis of an Open-Label Controlled Randomized Trial.The Prostate · 2026	recurrence	Percentage Comparison	0.0percent vs 5.7percent p = 0.006	PMID 41570179
Effect of Celecoxib Combined With Low-Dose-Rate Brachytherapy on Long-Term Oncological Outcomes and Quality of Life in Prostate Cancer: Post Hoc Analysis of an Open-Label Controlled Randomized Trial.The Prostate · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	120.0	PMID 41570179
Age-related patterns in prostate cancer: epidemiology, pathology, treatment, and survival.The aging male : the official journal of the International Society for the Study of the Aging Male · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	1.29 p < 0.001	PMID 41891526
Age-related patterns in prostate cancer: epidemiology, pathology, treatment, and survival.The aging male : the official journal of the International Society for the Study of the Aging Male · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	1.67 p < 0.001	PMID 41891526
Age-related patterns in prostate cancer: epidemiology, pathology, treatment, and survival.The aging male : the official journal of the International Society for the Study of the Aging Male · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	3.1 p < 0.001	PMID 41891526
Age-related patterns in prostate cancer: epidemiology, pathology, treatment, and survival.The aging male : the official journal of the International Society for the Study of the Aging Male · 2026	not_reported	Hazard Ratio	1.0 p = 0.872	PMID 41891526
Age-related patterns in prostate cancer: epidemiology, pathology, treatment, and survival.The aging male : the official journal of the International Society for the Study of the Aging Male · 2026	not_reported	Hazard Ratio	1.16 p = 0.872	PMID 41891526
Age-related patterns in prostate cancer: epidemiology, pathology, treatment, and survival.The aging male : the official journal of the International Society for the Study of the Aging Male · 2026	not_reported	Hazard Ratio	1.72 p = 0.872	PMID 41891526
Prospective Comparison of 64Copper [64Cu]SAR-bisPSMA vs 68Gallium[68Ga] PSMA-11 PET/CT for Biochemical Recurrence of Prostate Cancer Following Radical Prostatectomy (Co-PSMA Trial).European urology · 2026	not_reported	Hazard Ratio	64.0	PMID 41904043
Pelvic nodes ultra-hypo fractionated versus conventionally fractionated IMRT with HDR brachytherapy in prostate cancer: interim analysis of a collaborative multi-institutional non-inferiority phase 3 trial (PCS-XI, NCT05820633).Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	46.0	PMID 42134662
Too late to fall: Time to PSA nadir and early oncologic failure after cryotherapy and high-intensity focused ultrasound for localized prostate cancer.Current problems in cancer · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	17.5 p < 0.001	PMID 42140100
MRI-derived real PSA density for risk stratification of PI-RADS 3 lesions: A rule-in approach for clinically significant prostate cancer.Magnetic resonance imaging · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	2.03 p < 0.001	PMID 42270022
SBRT plus abiraterone acetate and ADT versus abiraterone acetate and ADT in oligometastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (ARTO): long-term, unplanned overall survival analysis of an open-label, randomised, phase 2 trial.The Lancet. Oncology · 2026	overall survival	Hazard Ratio	0.0	PMID 42372744
Preparation, in vitro evaluation, and biodistribution study of a novel PSMA-targeted radioligand.Bioorganic chemistry · 2026	not_reported	Percentage Comparison	7.04percent vs 5.17percent	PMID 42407347
Causal association and shared mechanisms between Graves' disease and prostate cancer: insights from Mendelian randomization, machine learning, and comprehensive bioinformatics.The aging male : the official journal of the International Society for the Study of the Aging Male · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	0.997 95% CI 0.996–0.999 p = 0.004	PMID 42454507
Robust Meta-Analysis of a Clinical Cell-Cycle Risk (CCR) Score Demonstrates Broadly Applicable Metastasis and Disease-Specific Mortality Risk Stratification in Men With Localized Prostate Cancer.Clinical genitourinary cancer · 2026	not_reported	Hazard Ratio	2.28 P = 1	PMID 42285797
Patient-reported early continence recovery after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy in elderly men.Journal of robotic surgery · 2026	not_reported	Hazard Ratio	0.953 95% CI 0.933–0.973 p < 0.001	PMID 42545635
Patient-reported early continence recovery after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy in elderly men.Journal of robotic surgery · 2026	not_reported	Percentage Comparison	69.3percent vs 37.3percent p = 0.034	PMID 42545635
Efficacy and Safety Differences Between Abiraterone and Enzalutamide in Patients with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Real-World Studies.Targeted oncology · 2026	not_reported	Hazard Ratio	0.79 95% CI 0.71–0.87	PMID 42371314
Efficacy and Safety Differences Between Abiraterone and Enzalutamide in Patients with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Real-World Studies.Targeted oncology · 2026	not_reported	Hazard Ratio	0.85 95% CI 0.79–0.92	PMID 42371314
Efficacy and Safety Differences Between Abiraterone and Enzalutamide in Patients with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Real-World Studies.Targeted oncology · 2026	not_reported	Hazard Ratio	0.69 95% CI 0.6–0.8	PMID 42371314
Efficacy and Safety Differences Between Abiraterone and Enzalutamide in Patients with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Real-World Studies.Targeted oncology · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	1.69 95% CI 1.23–2.31	PMID 42371314
Efficacy and Safety Differences Between Abiraterone and Enzalutamide in Patients with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Real-World Studies.Targeted oncology · 2026	not_reported	Odds Ratio	1.78 95% CI 1.23–2.58	PMID 42371314

Research transparency

Funding and conflicts of interest

Conflict and funding fields reproduce what is available in PubMed records. Missing disclosure data does not establish that no conflict or funding existed.

COI statement coverage68.6%232 records have no COI statement exposed in PubMed.

Funding metadata coverage24.3%Coverage indicates whether grant/funding metadata was present, not independence or study quality.

Most frequently reported funding agencies

NCI NIH HHS166

NIH HHS25

National Natural Science Foundation of China23

U.S. Department of Defense (DOD)16

National Cancer Institute (NCI)14

National Institutes of Health (NIH)14

NIA NIH HHS11

Prostate Cancer Foundation (PCF)9

View records with declared financial or industry relationships 12

Stated Preferences for Systemic Treatments for Prostate Cancer: A Targeted Review of the Discrete-Choice Experiment Literature.

Declarations. Conflict of Interest: BH, AH, JC, DR, MR, and SD are employees of Pfizer and may hold stocks/stock options for Pfizer, which sponsored this review and the development of this publication. VW is an employee of RTI Health Solutions and is an Editorial Board Member of The Patient. She was not involved in the selection of peer reviewers for the manuscript nor in any of the subsequent editorial decisions. SC has previously been a consultant for Pfizer. NA reports no honoraria related to this work and reports travel support from Pfizer, Exelixis, and Johnson & Johnson to attend meetings of the respective pharmaceutical companies. Research funding has been provided to NA’s institution by the following: Arnivas, Astellas, Astra Zeneca, Bavarian Nordic, Bayer, Bristol Myers Squibb, Calithera, Celldex, Clovis, Crispr, Eisai, Eli Lilly, EMD Serono, Exelixis, Genentech, Gilead, Glaxo Smith Kline, Immunomedics, Janssen, Lava, Medivation, Merck, Nektar, Neoleukin, New Link Genetics, Novartis, Oric, Pfizer, Prometheus, Rexahn, Roche, Sanofi, Seattle Genetics, Takeda, and Tracon. Data Availability Statement: The data that support the findings of this literature review are available in the article itself or its supporting information. Authors’ Contributions: All authors made a significant contribution to this work, whether that is in the conception, study design, execution, analysis, or interpretation, or in all these areas; took part in drafting, revising or critically reviewing the article; gave final approval of the version to be published; have agreed on the journal to which the article has been submitted; and agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work.

PMID 41817839 · 2026

Optimizing prostate biopsy decision making - (MUSIC-screen): A 1:1 randomized controlled trial comparing micro-ultrasound versus multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging for prostate cancer diagnosis.

Declaration of competing interest Sangeet Ghai has received research funding and honorarium for a presentation from Exact Imaging. Dr. Hugo Lavigueur-Blouin reports consulting fees and advisory board participation for Exact Imaging, Civco Medical, and Knight Therapeutics. Sven Löffeler reports honoraria for presentations from Ipsen and Pfizer; Chairman of the Scandinavian Prostate Cancer Group (SPCG) and the Norwegian specialty board of urology; Member of the Norwegian guidelines committee on prostate cancer; Vestfold Hospital Trust serves as a site for case visits for Exact Imaging and EDAP. Giovanni Lughezzani has received travel support from AbMedica and EDAP TMS and speaker fee from EDAP TMS. Dr. Miles Mannas reports honoraria from AbbVie, Bayer, and TerSera; consulting fees from AbbVie, Bayer, Hexamer Therapeutics, Initio, Johnson & Johnson, and TerSera; and research funding from TerSera. Xiaosong Meng has served as a consultant for Profound Medical, AngioDynamics, and Exact Imaging, and has received clinical trial support from Profound Medical and AngioDynamics. Bruno Nahar reports consultant role or EDAP/FocalOne and Board advisor for Visano Theranostics. Tiago Rodrigues reports proctor and advisor role for Procept Biorobotics, FocalOne, Exact Image Julian Struck reports receiving speaker and travel grants from Johnson & Johnson, Novartis, Roche, Eisai, Solution Akademie GmbH, Apogepha, Merck; serving on advisory boards for Farco Pharma, Dr. Pfleger, and Boston Scientific; and holding investments in DHC Digital Health Center GmbH. Adam Kinnaird reports grant funding from Terry Fox Research Institute, Marathon of Hope Cancer Centers Network, Movember, Procure, Canadian Urology Association, Government of Alberta, University of Alberta, Genome Canada, Alberta Health Services, University Hospital Foundation, Bird Dogs, Alberta Cancer Foundation, and Exact Imaging; Honoraria from Boston Scientific and Bayer. No other disclosures were reported.

PMID 42476253 · 2026

Dosimetric analysis of post-radiotherapy sexual dysfunction in patients receiving definitive stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for prostate cancer: a secondary analysis of MIRAGE.

Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Amar Kishan, MD reports financial support was provided by National Institutes of Health. Amar Kishan, MD reports financial support was provided by US Department of Defense. Amar Kishan reports a relationship with ViewRay Systems Inc that includes: funding grants. Amar Kishan reports a relationship with Novartis that includes: consulting or advisory and funding grants. Amar Kishan reports a relationship with Janssen Pharmaceuticals Inc that includes: consulting or advisory, funding grants, and speaking and lecture fees. Amar Kishan reports a relationship with Lantheus Medical Imaging Inc that includes: consulting or advisory, funding grants, and speaking and lecture fees. Amar Kishan reports a relationship with Varian Medical Systems Inc that includes: consulting or advisory, funding grants, and speaking and lecture fees. Amar Kishan reports a relationship with Boston Scientific Corporation that includes: speaking and lecture fees. Amar Kishan reports a relationship with MiraDx that includes: equity or stocks. Amar Kishan reports a relationship with AlethianAI that includes: equity or stocks. Luca Valle reports a relationship with Bristol-Myers Squibb Foundation Inc that includes: funding grants. Luca Valle reports a relationship with Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy that includes: funding grants. Luca Valle reports a relationship with ASCO Winn CILA Award that includes: funding grants. Luca Valle reports a relationship with US Department of Veterans Affairs that includes: funding grants. Luca Valle reports a relationship with The Dedham Group LLC that includes: consulting or advisory. Luca Valle reports a relationship with Health Advances LLC that includes: consulting or advisory. Holly Wilhalme reports a relationship with Lantheus Medical Imaging Inc that includes: consulting or advisory. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

PMID 42435817 · 2026

Androgen deprivation therapy and kidney function in patients with prostate cancer: an analysis of the RADICAL-PC cohort.

Declarations. Conflict of interest: JHP received honoraria from Ferring, and Sumitomo Pharma, consulting/advising fees from Ferring, and Sumitomo Pharma, research funding from Ferring, and speaker fees from Ferring, and Sumitomo Pharma. MKD received speaking and consulting honoraria from Ferring. TN received research/educational funds from Abbvie, Astellas, Bayer, Janssen, Amgen, Sanofi, Astrazeneca, TerSera, and Tolmar, and honoraria from Abbvie, Astellas, Bayer, Janssen, Amgen, Sanofi, Astrazeneca, TerSera, Knight Therapeutics, Paladin, Watson, Merck, Ferring, and Tolmar. JBS received research grants from Biotronik, Sanofi, Pfizer, and Attralus, speaker fees from AstraZeneca, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Novartis, Abbott, Bayer, Sanofi, Biotronik, CircleCVI, Takeda, and Amicus, and advising fees from BMS, Sanofi, and Attralus. ED received bursary awards from Fonds de Recherche en Sante, and research grants for investigator-initiated projects from Roche Diagnostics, Diagnoptics, and Abbott Laboratories. DL received consulting fees from Abbvie, Novartis, Antev, Ipsen, Bayer, Boston Scientific, and Xfacto, speaker fees from Ferring, and Pfizer, advising fees from Janssen, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, and Sanofi, research support from Novartis, and Tolmar, and is on the steering committee for Myovant. No other authors have conflicts of interest to disclose relevant to this manuscript. Ethical approval: The authors confirm that this study was approved by the appropriate institutional and/or national research ethics committee (CTO-0743 in Ontario, Canada) and certify that the study was performed in accordance with the ethical standards as laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

PMID 41807888 · 2026

Single-Fraction Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Localized Prostate Cancer: A Nonrandomized Clinical Trial.

Conflict of Interest Disclosures: Dr Zilli reported receiving grants from Varian Medical Systems and the Fondation pour les Recherches Médicales et Biologiques sur le Cancer during the conduct of the study; receiving honoraria/travel costs (institutional) from Janssen, Amgen, Ferring, Debiopharm, Bayer, Astellas, Telix, Accord, and Recordati; receiving research grants from Astellas, Rising Tide, Krebsforschung Schweiz, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale - Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, and Fond'action contre le Cancer; and serving on advisory boards (institutional) for Janssen, Accord, Astellas, Ipsen, and Recordati. Dr Guckenberger reported receiving nonfinancial support from Siemens Healthineers outside the submitted work. Dr Giaj-Levra reported receiving personal fees from AstraZeneca outside the submitted work. Dr Mach reported being a minority shareholder and cofounder of Release Therapeutics outside the submitted work. Dr Scorsetti reported having a clinical trial agreement from Geneva University Hospital during the conduct of the study. Dr Mirabell reported receiving grants from Varian AG during the conduct of the study. No other disclosures were reported.

PMID 42313395 · 2026

Efficacy and safety of treatments for metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer: A comprehensive network meta-analysis including final ARANOTE data.

Competing interests: Neal Shore has received honoraria from Bayer, Janssen, Dendreon, Tolmar, Ferring, Astellas, Amgen, Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Merck, Sumitomo, Lantheus, Clarity, Telix, Daiichi-Sankyo,. Alicia Morgans has received honoraria from Astellas, AstraZeneca, AAA, Bayer, Exelixis, Lantheus, Novartis, Pfizer, Myovant, Myriad, Merck, Sanofi, Telix. Martin Bögemann has received honoraria from Astellas, AstraZeneca, AAA, Amgen, Bayer, Exelixis, Novartis, Pfizer, Lilly, MSD, BMS, Merck, Janssen, Gilead, EUSApham, Eisai. Noman Paracha and Elaine Gallaher are employees at Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals Inc. Howard Thom is shareholder and David Aceituno and Philip Orishaba are employees of Clifton Insight which has received consulting fees from Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals Inc., Novartis, MSD, Merck, Janssen, Pfizer, Daiichi-Sankyo, Eisai, Argenx, Amicus, Baxter, and Roche. Dr. Christopher Wallis is supported by the Hold’em for Life Early Career Professor in Cancer Research, a University limited-term named professorship at the University of Toronto. Consulting Fees: Janssen Oncology, Nanostics Inc, Precision Point Specialty LLC, SESEN Bio; Honoraria/Travel: AbbVie, Astellas, Astra Zeneca, Bayer, EMD Serono, Haymarket Media, Healing and Cancer Foundation, Intuitive Surgical, Knight Therapeutics, Merck, Science & Medicine Canada, Pfizer, TerSera Canada, Tolmar Pharmaceuticals Canada; Research Funding: Knight Therapeutics, Tolmar Pharmaceuticals, Bayer, Sunnybrook HSC AFP. Quoc-Dien Trinh reports consulting fees from Astellas, Bayer, Intuitive Surgical, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, and research funding from the American Cancer Society, Pfizer Global Medical Grants (Prostate Cancer Disparities #63354905), and a Health Disparity Research Award from the Department of Defense Congressionally Directed Medical Research Program (#PC220551). Keith Abrams is an ad hoc paid consultant to Bayer, as well as providing unrelated methodological and strategic advice to the pharmaceutical and life sciences industry. He has received unrelated research funding from Bayer, Association of the British Pharmaceutical Industry (ABPI), European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries & Associations (EFPIA), Pfizer, Sanofi and Swiss Precision Diagnostics. He is a Partner and Director of Visible Analytics Limited. He is also a member of the NICE Diagnostics Advisory Committee, the NICE Decision and Technical Support Units, and is a National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) senior investigator emeritus. Stephen Stefani is an ad hoc paid consultant to Bayer, as well as providing unrelated methodological and strategic advice to the pharmaceutical and life sciences industry. He has received unrelated consultant fee from Bayer, Novartis, Astra Zeneca, Takeda, Beigene, Libbs, Adium and UNIMED. He is head of Health Technology Assessment for UNIMED Central RS and chair of the board of Americas Health Foundation. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Ethical approval was not required for this study because the study used previously published data and does not involve human participants or identifiable personal data.

PMID 41366131 · 2026

Machine learning-based extraction of microstructural parameters from diffusion-weighted imaging starting from realistic in silico cellular substrates: Application in breast and prostate cancer.

Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Chiara Paganelli reports financial support was provided by European Commission. Chiara Paganelli has patent #102,025,000,010,722 issued to Assignee. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

PMID 42492183 · 2026

MRI-guided adaptive stereotactic body radiotherapy for the prostate bed: a prospective study of safety, tolerability, and patient-reported quality-of-life outcomes.

No author has received employment, consultancy fees, stock ownership, honoraria, paid expert testimony, patent applications, grants, or any other form of funding from any organisation that could be perceived as influencing the work reported in this manuscript. The study received no external funding.

PMID 42571475 · 2026

An overlooked opportunity? SBRT + ADT for aggressive prostate cancer in the elderly.

The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Division of Radiotherapy, IEO, received research funding from AIRC (Italian Association for Cancer Research), Fondazione IEO-CCM (Istituto Europeo di Oncologia-Centro Cardiologico Monzino) all outside the current project. BAJF received speakers fees from Roche, Bayer, Janssen, Carl Zeiss, Ipsen, Accuray, Astellas, Elekta, and IBA Astra Zeneca, all outside the current project.

PMID 42569521 · 2026

Salvage Androgen Deprivation Therapy Use After Definitive Radiotherapy With vs Without Androgen Deprivation Therapy in Prostate Cancer.

Dr Ronald C. Chen reports receiving consulting fees from Astellas and Janssen.

PMID 42391501 · 2026

Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy vs Moderately Hypofractionated IMRT for Localized Intermediate-Risk Prostate Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Conflict of Interest Disclosures: Dr Pugh reported receiving grants to her institution from the National Cancer Institute (NCI). Dr Yu reported receiving consulting fees from Boston Scientific Consulting outside the submitted work; receiving speaking fees from Veracyte outside the submitted work; and receiving grants to his institution from Myovant/Pfizer. Dr Feng reported serving on an advisory board for Janssen Oncology and receiving consulting fees from Bayer and Amgen. Dr Spratt reported receiving personal fees from AstraZeneca, Astellas, Bayer, Boston Scientific, Janssen, Novartis, and Pfizer outside the submitted work. Dr Morgan reported receiving grants from Knight Therapeutics outside the submitted work. Dr Delouya reported receiving advisory board honoraria from Bayer, Astellas, Janssen, Ter Sera, Tolmar, AbbVie, and Knights Therapeutics; receiving speaking honoraris from Janssen, Ter Sera, Tolmar, AbbVie, and Knights Therapeutics; and receiving conference support from Tolmar. Dr Sandler reported serving on the board of directors for the American Society for Radiation Oncology. No other disclosures were reported.

PMID 42593775 · 2026

Evaluating safety: Number needed to harm analyses of androgen receptor inhibitors in advanced prostate cancer.

Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Daniel J. George reports receiving research funding from Bayer. Karim Fizazi reports a consulting or advisory role on behalf of institution for Amgen, Astellas Pharma, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Bristol Myers Squibb (BMS), Clovis Oncology, ESSA, Janssen Oncology, Novartis, Orion, Pfizer, and Sanofi; travel/accommodation/expenses to institution from AstraZeneca, Janssen, and MSD; and honoraria to institution from Astellas Pharma, Bayer, Janssen, and Sanofi. Alicia K. Morgans reports a consulting or advisory role for Advanced Accelerator Applications, Astellas Pharma, AstraZeneca, Bayer, BMS, Curium, Exact Sciences, Exelixis, Janssen, Lantheus Medical Imaging, MacroGenics, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi, Sumitomo Pharma Oncology, Telix Pharmaceuticals, and Tolmar; honoraria from Advanced Accelerator Applications, Astellas Scientific and Medical Affairs, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Curium Pharma, Janssen, Janssen Oncology, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, and Telix Pharmaceuticals; research funding from Astellas Scientific and Medical Affairs, Bayer, Janssen, Pfizer, and Seattle Genetics/Astellas; travel/accommodation/expenses from Bayer and Pfizer; and stock in Vertex. Hannah D. McManus reports a consulting or advisory role for Astellas Pharma, Bayer, Johnson and Johnson; honoraria from Astellas Pharma, Bayer, and Johnson and Johnson; research funding to institution from Novartis, and travel/accommodation/expenses from Astellas and Bayer. Yen Yen Yip was a full-time employee of Bayer at the time of the study. Shankar Srinivasan, Maxime Duflot, and Alexander Upton are full-time employees of Bayer. Fred Saad reports a consulting or advisory role for AbbVie, Advanced Accelerator Applications, Astellas Pharma, AstraZeneca/MedImmune, Bayer, Janssen Oncology, Knight Therapeutics, Myovant Sciences, Novartis, Pfizer, and Sanofi; honoraria from AbbVie, Advanced Accelerator Applications, Astellas Pharma, AstraZeneca, Bayer, BMS, Janssen Oncology, Knight Therapeutics, Merck, Myovant Sciences, Novartis, Pfizer, and Sanofi; and research funding to institution from Advanced Accelerator Applications, Astellas Pharma, AstraZeneca, Bayer, BMS, Janssen Oncology, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, and Sanofi.

PMID 42617299 · 2026

Zhonghua zhong liu za zhi [Chinese journal of oncology] · 2026

Prostate cancer is a relatively common malignant tumor in the genitourinary system of elderly men, posing a heavy burden to the public health. In order to disseminate the knowledge of early screening and diagnosis of prostate cancer, effectively promote the prevention and treatment of prostate cancer in China, and improve patients' cognition of prostate cancer,the Genitourinary Oncology Committee of Chinese Anti-Cancer Association organized a panel of experts to formulate the "Genitourinary Oncology Committee of China Anti-Cancer Association (CACA-GO) guideline for prostate cancer for patients (2025 edition)", with the aim of enhancing the understanding of prostate cancer diagnosis and treat…

PMID 41876195

The Prostate · PMID 42542970

2026

systematic reviewRank 100.0

Lutetium-177-PSMA radioligand therapy in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer: A systematic review of efficacy, safety, and combination strategies.

Urologic oncology · PMID 42471290

Treatment Options Studied in the PubMed Collection

These are interventions detected in PubMed metadata and abstracts. Inclusion does not establish approval, effectiveness, suitability, or standard-of-care status.

moderate-confidence evidence

radical prostatectomy

49 linked PMIDs8053 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: mostly neutral
Outcomes represented: reported clinical outcomes, recurrence, biochemical recurrence, quality of life, overall survival, adverse events, progression-free survival, response rate
Populations represented: general population; localized prostate cancer; localized; PSA; metastatic; metastatic; PSA; localized
Mechanism: These procedures differ in terms of their mechanism of action, technical implementation, and suitability for specific tumor locations Patients with > 10 PSMA-positive distant metastases continued apalutamide therapy, while those with ≤ 10 metastases underwent radical prostatectomy or radiotherapy, with stereotactic body radiotherapy targeting all remaining PSMA-positive lesions, if present

PMID 42671634 PMID 42606766 PMID 41266247 PMID 42391449 PMID 40721878 PMID 42258918 PMID 42506856 PMID 42367732

preliminary evidence

Prostate-Specific Antigen

48 linked PMIDs55223 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented: reported clinical outcomes, recurrence, overall survival, biochemical recurrence, recurrence-free survival, mortality, adverse events, progression-free survival
Populations represented: PSA; general population; metastatic; metastatic; PSA; metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer; metastatic; PSA; metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer; metastatic; PSA
Mechanism: This phase Ib clinical trial evaluated the safety/tolerability and pharmacokinetics of bavdegalutamide, an oral proteolysis-targeting chimera AR degrader, combined with abiraterone in patients with mPC experiencing prostate-specific antigen (PSA) progression on abiraterone This phase I trial (NCT04249947) evaluated the safety and efficacy of P-PSMA-101, an autologous TSCM-rich, bone-tropic CAR T-cell therapy targeting prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), in patients with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate carcinoma (mCRPC)

PMID 42275039 PMID 35125113 PMID 42262690 PMID 42478891 PMID 42616976 PMID 42676051 PMID 38498504 PMID 41620496

preliminary evidence

radiotherapy

44 linked PMIDs18736 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented: reported clinical outcomes, progression-free survival, recurrence, overall survival, quality of life, metastasis-free survival, biochemical recurrence, adverse events
Populations represented: general population; PSA; metastatic; localized prostate cancer; localized; localized prostate cancer; localized; PSA; metastatic; PSA
Mechanism: MATERIALS AND METHODS: Inclusion criteria for the third RT course were as follows: (1) histologically confirmed PCa initial diagnosis; (2) history of two prior courses of RT targeting the prostate gland or the prostate bed; (3) no evidence of greater than grade 2 genitourinary (GU) or gastrointestinal (GI) late events from previous treatments; (4) diagnosis of local recurrence at the restaging imaging in hormone sensitive patients performed after second RT biochemical recurrence 56.8% prescribe an LHRH agonist and 74.6% for 24 months

PMID 42468493 PMID 41254344 PMID 41437135 PMID 42680649 PMID 42435817 PMID 42171762 PMID 42668485 PMID 42540621

preliminary evidence

androgen deprivation therapy

36 linked PMIDs31128 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented: reported clinical outcomes, recurrence, quality of life, overall survival, progression-free survival, adverse events, biochemical recurrence, mortality
Populations represented: general population; advanced; metastatic; PSA; localized prostate cancer; localized; metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer; metastatic
Mechanism: MATERIALS AND METHODS: Inclusion criteria for the third RT course were as follows: (1) histologically confirmed PCa initial diagnosis; (2) history of two prior courses of RT targeting the prostate gland or the prostate bed; (3) no evidence of greater than grade 2 genitourinary (GU) or gastrointestinal (GI) late events from previous treatments; (4) diagnosis of local recurrence at the restaging imaging in hormone sensitive patients performed after second RT biochemical recurrence Thus, androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) that directly targets AR-expressing prostate cancer cells has been the frontline treatment for advanced prostate cancer

PMID 42468493 PMID 42022295 PMID 42669035 PMID 41807888 PMID 42432982 PMID 42657876 PMID 42681559 PMID 41959294

preliminary evidence

Biomarkers, Tumor

23 linked PMIDs17602 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented: reported clinical outcomes, overall survival, progression-free survival, radiographic progression-free survival, mortality
Populations represented: general population; PSA; advanced; metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer; metastatic; PSA; metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer; metastatic; first-line; BRCA1; BRCA2; homologous recombination repair; metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer; metastatic
Mechanism: Additionally, we conducted a phenome-wide MR analysis to assess the potential side effects of targeting the identified metabolites for PCa intervention The Cas12a recognizes and binds to specific sequences of PCA3, thereby activating nonspecific cleavage activity, which cleaves fluorescent reporter probes adsorbed on AuNRs, thus leading to the recovery of fluorescence signals and enabling sensitive detection

PMID 41744286 PMID 37914569 PMID 40387704 PMID 42391902 PMID 42678444 PMID 42544420 PMID 42187002 PMID 42566108

moderate-confidence evidence

Androgen Antagonists

22 linked PMIDs25372 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented: reported clinical outcomes, overall survival, progression-free survival, adverse events, recurrence, serious adverse events, radiographic progression-free survival, response rate
Populations represented: general population; metastatic; metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer; metastatic; metastatic; treatment-naive; metastatic; first-line; metastatic; PSA
Mechanism: Patients with > 10 PSMA-positive distant metastases continued apalutamide therapy, while those with ≤ 10 metastases underwent radical prostatectomy or radiotherapy, with stereotactic body radiotherapy targeting all remaining PSMA-positive lesions, if present

PMID 33141329 PMID 41807888 PMID 42258930 PMID 41956741 PMID 42252578 PMID 40645821 PMID 41817839 PMID 41833492

preliminary evidence

enzalutamide

20 linked PMIDs28782 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented: reported clinical outcomes, progression-free survival, overall survival, mortality, quality of life, adverse events, radiographic progression-free survival
Populations represented: general population; advanced; metastatic; metastatic; first-line; AR-V7; metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer; metastatic; first-line
Mechanism: Mechanistically, AR represses BCL-2 transcription through several AR binding sites and ARPIs relieve this repression Mechanistically, both AR and NF-κB directly drive expression of PRKCD within cancer cells, functionally implicating all hits within one molecular pathway

PMID 42067541 PMID 42521833 PMID 42674824 PMID 42681864 PMID 42669084 PMID 40553569 PMID 41079920 PMID 40672185

preliminary evidence

Radiopharmaceuticals

18 linked PMIDs12246 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented: reported clinical outcomes, PSA response, overall survival
Populations represented: general population; metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer; metastatic; metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer; metastatic; PSA; metastatic; PSA; metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer; advanced; metastatic; localized
Mechanism: Primary attention was paid to small-molecule conjugates targeting both prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and gastrin-releasing receptor (GRPr), as these two receptors are the most common targets in the development of heterobivalent (HBV) radiopharmaceuticals for the treatment of PC Importantly, [177Lu]Lu-2 achieved high tumor uptake, reaching 8.35%ID/g at 24 h post-injection, indicating effective tumor targeting and prolonged retention

PMID 32901351 PMID 42167807 PMID 42235186 PMID 42430820 PMID 41852274 PMID 41850431 PMID 42089687 PMID 42287389

moderate-confidence evidence

Antineoplastic Agents

18 linked PMIDs11 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented: reported clinical outcomes
Populations represented: general population; metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer; metastatic; advanced
Mechanism: Talazoparib is a poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor approved for the treatment of breast and prostate cancer In this study, virtual screening identified four Aurora-A-targeting peptides, among which Peptide-1 showed the most favourable profile

PMID 41379622 PMID 42578512 PMID 42385348 PMID 42334771 PMID 42242016 PMID 42661166 PMID 42436223 PMID 42642813

preliminary evidence

abiraterone

16 linked PMIDs29905 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented: reported clinical outcomes, progression-free survival, adverse events, overall survival, radiographic progression-free survival, mortality, quality of life
Populations represented: advanced; metastatic; PSA; general population; metastatic; PSA; metastatic; first-line
Mechanism: Thus, androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) that directly targets AR-expressing prostate cancer cells has been the frontline treatment for advanced prostate cancer To inhibit reactivation of AR-promoted tumour progression via residual androgens and altered AR activation, next-generation AR antagonists and inhibitors of androgen biosynthesis were developed to improve clinical outcomes

PMID 42593785 PMID 41663653 PMID 42227954 PMID 42678311 PMID 42681864 PMID 42527507 PMID 42335306 PMID 42498731

preliminary evidence

Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II

15 linked PMIDs12586 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented: reported clinical outcomes, progression-free survival, response rate, PSA response, radiographic progression-free survival, overall survival, recurrence, metastasis-free survival
Populations represented: general population; PSA; metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer; advanced; metastatic; metastatic; PSA; metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer; metastatic; metastatic
Mechanism: Primary attention was paid to small-molecule conjugates targeting both prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and gastrin-releasing receptor (GRPr), as these two receptors are the most common targets in the development of heterobivalent (HBV) radiopharmaceuticals for the treatment of PC Importantly, [177Lu]Lu-2 achieved high tumor uptake, reaching 8.35%ID/g at 24 h post-injection, indicating effective tumor targeting and prolonged retention

PMID 42559208 PMID 42346249 PMID 42235186 PMID 42430820 PMID 41872648 PMID 40999072 PMID 41979224 PMID 39172730

preliminary evidence

Antigens, Surface

13 linked PMIDs4053 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented: reported clinical outcomes, response rate, progression-free survival, adverse events, serious adverse events, radiographic progression-free survival, PSA response, overall survival
Populations represented: general population; metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer; advanced; metastatic; metastatic; PSA; metastatic; treatment-naive; metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer; metastatic; advanced; PSA
Mechanism: Primary attention was paid to small-molecule conjugates targeting both prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and gastrin-releasing receptor (GRPr), as these two receptors are the most common targets in the development of heterobivalent (HBV) radiopharmaceuticals for the treatment of PC Importantly, [177Lu]Lu-2 achieved high tumor uptake, reaching 8.35%ID/g at 24 h post-injection, indicating effective tumor targeting and prolonged retention

PMID 42559208 PMID 42346249 PMID 42235186 PMID 42430820 PMID 41979224 PMID 42189191 PMID 39172730 PMID 40093902

moderate-confidence evidence

docetaxel

11 linked PMIDs18402 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented: overall survival, progression-free survival, reported clinical outcomes, adverse events
Populations represented: metastatic; general population; metastatic; first-line; metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer; metastatic; metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer; first-line; second-line
Mechanism: However, prognosis remains poor for some patients despite second-generation androgen receptor antagonist-based doublet therapy Subsequently, via structure-based virtual screening, molecular dynamics simulations, and cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA), emodin-an anthraquinone compound-was identified as a PYCR1-targeting agent

PMID 40645821 PMID 41833492 PMID 42542966 PMID 34171173 PMID 41665114 PMID 40553569 PMID 42335306 PMID 42567299

preliminary evidence

Radioisotopes

11 linked PMIDs10379 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: mostly supportive
Outcomes represented: PSA response, overall survival, reported clinical outcomes, progression-free survival, adverse events, serious adverse events, radiographic progression-free survival, recurrence
Populations represented: metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer; metastatic; PSA; metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer; metastatic; metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer; advanced; metastatic; metastatic; treatment-naive; metastatic; general population
Mechanism: To improve the theranostic efficacy of PSMA-targeted radiopharmaceuticals on patients with medium-to-low PSMA expression, we radiolabeled a series of novel designed PSMA-targeting dimer agents to improve tumor imaging and treatment outcomes under challenging conditions

PMID 42287389 PMID 40582602 PMID 42249939 PMID 39327114 PMID 41850431 PMID 42089687 PMID 41979224 PMID 42676050

preliminary evidence

Lutetium

11 linked PMIDs10379 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: mostly supportive
Outcomes represented: PSA response, overall survival, reported clinical outcomes, progression-free survival, adverse events, serious adverse events, radiographic progression-free survival, recurrence
Populations represented: metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer; metastatic; PSA; metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer; metastatic; metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer; advanced; metastatic; metastatic; treatment-naive; metastatic; general population
Mechanism: To improve the theranostic efficacy of PSMA-targeted radiopharmaceuticals on patients with medium-to-low PSMA expression, we radiolabeled a series of novel designed PSMA-targeting dimer agents to improve tumor imaging and treatment outcomes under challenging conditions

PMID 42287389 PMID 40582602 PMID 42249939 PMID 39327114 PMID 41850431 PMID 42089687 PMID 41979224 PMID 42676050

limited evidence

Nitriles

11 linked PMIDs9660 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented: reported clinical outcomes, mortality, overall survival, quality of life, progression-free survival, radiographic progression-free survival
Populations represented: general population; advanced; metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer; metastatic; first-line; PSA
Mechanism: Mechanistically, AR represses BCL-2 transcription through several AR binding sites and ARPIs relieve this repression Combining multi-database analyses with experimental data, we confirmed that miR-577 targets and inhibits RHOA expression

PMID 42067541 PMID 42001081 PMID 42521833 PMID 42674824 PMID 40935550 PMID 40553569 PMID 41079920 PMID 42606826

limited evidence

Benzamides

10 linked PMIDs9660 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented: reported clinical outcomes, overall survival, mortality, quality of life, progression-free survival, radiographic progression-free survival
Populations represented: general population; metastatic; first-line; advanced; metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer; metastatic; first-line; PSA
Mechanism: Mechanistically, AR represses BCL-2 transcription through several AR binding sites and ARPIs relieve this repression Mechanistically, both AR and NF-κB directly drive expression of PRKCD within cancer cells, functionally implicating all hits within one molecular pathway

PMID 42067541 PMID 42521833 PMID 42674824 PMID 40553569 PMID 41079920 PMID 40882245 PMID 42606826 PMID 42578984

limited evidence

Receptors, Androgen

10 linked PMIDs3986 reported cumulative sample signal

Research status: insufficiently reported
Outcomes represented: reported clinical outcomes, overall survival, progression-free survival
Populations represented: general population; advanced; AR-V7; metastatic
Mechanism: Targeted protein degradation (TPD) has emerged as an important therapeutic strategy for addressing challenging protein targets While Proteolysis-Targeting Chimeras (PROTACs) are the leading TPD approach, their reliance on a limited set of E3 ligases poses challenges, including tissue-specific restrictions and the emergence of drug resistance

PMID 42501682 PMID 42385348 PMID 42521833 PMID 41431399 PMID 42194995 PMID 41079920 PMID 41663653 PMID 42053993

Conflicting Research

higher-confidence evidence

radiotherapy · multiple reported outcomes

47 studies

Status: apparently conflicting; different clinical questions. Population: general population. Comparator: multiple or inconsistently reported comparators.

The records use different or inconsistently reported comparators.
The records report different endpoints or outcome definitions.
The evidence combines different study designs.
Some abstracts do not state whether the primary endpoint was met.

unknown: 33benefit: 4null: 9harm: 1

PMID 40571441 PMID 42468493 PMID 42361614 PMID 41254344 PMID 41437135 PMID 40335398 PMID 33309278 PMID 41570179 PMID 42134662 PMID 41033921

higher-confidence evidence

radical prostatectomy · multiple reported outcomes

42 studies

Status: apparently conflicting; different clinical questions. Population: general population. Comparator: multiple or inconsistently reported comparators.

The records use different or inconsistently reported comparators.
The records report different endpoints or outcome definitions.
The evidence combines different study designs.
Some abstracts do not state whether the primary endpoint was met.

null: 11unknown: 27benefit: 4

PMID 42579231 PMID 42671634 PMID 42645643 PMID 42659628 PMID 41760422 PMID 33309278 PMID 41968340 PMID 41033921 PMID 42648940 PMID 42616207

higher-confidence evidence

Prostate-Specific Antigen · multiple reported outcomes

37 studies

Status: apparently conflicting; different clinical questions. Population: PSA. Comparator: multiple or inconsistently reported comparators.

The records use different or inconsistently reported comparators.
The records report different endpoints or outcome definitions.
The evidence combines different study designs.
Some abstracts do not state whether the primary endpoint was met.

harm: 1unknown: 28null: 4benefit: 3mixed: 1

PMID 42275039 PMID 41872648 PMID 35125113 PMID 42015666 PMID 38608596 PMID 42161369 PMID 42330502 PMID 41494929 PMID 35031434 PMID 41266255

higher-confidence evidence

Androgen Antagonists · multiple reported outcomes

12 studies

Status: apparently conflicting; different clinical questions. Population: general population. Comparator: multiple or inconsistently reported comparators.

The records use different or inconsistently reported comparators.
The records report different endpoints or outcome definitions.
The evidence combines different study designs.
Some abstracts do not state whether the primary endpoint was met.

unknown: 9benefit: 1null: 2

PMID 40571441 PMID 33141329 PMID 42134662 PMID 41033921 PMID 42276876 PMID 41565552 PMID 41807888 PMID 42201380 PMID 42215288 PMID 42258930

higher-confidence evidence

radical prostatectomy · multiple reported outcomes

11 studies

Status: apparently conflicting; different clinical questions. Population: PSA. Comparator: multiple or inconsistently reported comparators.

The records use different or inconsistently reported comparators.
The records report different endpoints or outcome definitions.
The evidence combines different study designs.
Some abstracts do not state whether the primary endpoint was met.

unknown: 6benefit: 1null: 3mixed: 1

PMID 41494929 PMID 42113507 PMID 40999072 PMID 42662047 PMID 41713512 PMID 42319125 PMID 42571475 PMID 42474819 PMID 41932388 PMID 41620496

limited evidence

radical prostatectomy · multiple reported outcomes

8 studies

Status: apparently conflicting; different clinical questions. Population: localized prostate cancer; localized. Comparator: multiple or inconsistently reported comparators.

The records use different or inconsistently reported comparators.
The records report different endpoints or outcome definitions.
The evidence combines different study designs.
Some abstracts do not state whether the primary endpoint was met.

unknown: 6null: 1benefit: 1

PMID 42283919 PMID 42474844 PMID 42673976 PMID 42671716 PMID 42113020 PMID 42489172 PMID 42578299 PMID 41690467

limited evidence

Lutetium · multiple reported outcomes

7 studies

Status: apparently conflicting; different clinical questions. Population: metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer; metastatic; PSA. Comparator: multiple or inconsistently reported comparators.

The records use different or inconsistently reported comparators.
The records report different endpoints or outcome definitions.
The evidence combines different study designs.
Some abstracts do not state whether the primary endpoint was met.

unknown: 4benefit: 1null: 2

PMID 39327114 PMID 42471290 PMID 42503230 PMID 42565339 PMID 42287389 PMID 40582602 PMID 42249939

limited evidence

Prostate-Specific Antigen · multiple reported outcomes

7 studies

The records use different or inconsistently reported comparators.
The records report different endpoints or outcome definitions.
The evidence combines different study designs.
Some abstracts do not state whether the primary endpoint was met.

unknown: 5benefit: 1null: 1

PMID 39327114 PMID 41724634 PMID 41779004 PMID 42287389 PMID 40582602 PMID 42161163 PMID 41720214

moderate-confidence evidence

Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II · multiple reported outcomes

7 studies

Status: apparently conflicting; different clinical questions. Population: metastatic. Comparator: multiple or inconsistently reported comparators.

The records use different or inconsistently reported comparators.
The records report different endpoints or outcome definitions.
The evidence combines different study designs.
Some abstracts do not state whether the primary endpoint was met.

unknown: 5benefit: 1null: 1

PMID 42313080 PMID 41166032 PMID 41801384 PMID 41493546 PMID 41198240 PMID 42464640 PMID 42176796

moderate-confidence evidence

radiotherapy · multiple reported outcomes

7 studies

Status: apparently conflicting; different clinical questions. Population: PSA. Comparator: multiple or inconsistently reported comparators.

The records use different or inconsistently reported comparators.
The records report different endpoints or outcome definitions.
The evidence combines different study designs.
Some abstracts do not state whether the primary endpoint was met.

unknown: 6mixed: 1

PMID 41494929 PMID 42177994 PMID 39922320 PMID 42264093 PMID 42571475 PMID 41932388 PMID 42662343

limited evidence

Lutetium-177 · multiple reported outcomes

7 studies

The records use different or inconsistently reported comparators.
The records report different endpoints or outcome definitions.
The evidence combines different study designs.
Some abstracts do not state whether the primary endpoint was met.

unknown: 4benefit: 1null: 2

PMID 39327114 PMID 42471290 PMID 42503230 PMID 42565339 PMID 42287389 PMID 40582602 PMID 42249939

limited evidence

Radiopharmaceuticals · multiple reported outcomes

6 studies

The records use different or inconsistently reported comparators.
The records report different endpoints or outcome definitions.
The evidence combines different study designs.
Some abstracts do not state whether the primary endpoint was met.

benefit: 1unknown: 4null: 1

PMID 39327114 PMID 42471290 PMID 42287389 PMID 40582602 PMID 41720214 PMID 42249939

Failed or Negative Trials

On-treatment serum prostate-specific antigen and overall survival in prostate cancer (STAMPEDE platform protocol): a post-hoc analysis of data from five phase 3 trials.

randomized controlled trial · 2026 · PMID 42061373

Efficacy and Safety of Enzalutamide and Abiraterone in CRPC Patients With a History of Other Cancers: A Sub-Analysis of the ENABLE Study for PCa.

randomized controlled trial · 2026 · PMID 42161369

A Phase 2, Randomized, Controlled Trial of Best Systemic Therapy Versus Best Systemic Therapy with Definitive Treatment of the Primary Tumor in Metastatic Prostate Cancer.

randomized controlled trial · 2026 · PMID 41833492

Cabazitaxel Versus Abiraterone or Enzalutamide for Poor-prognosis Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer After Docetaxel: A Phase 2 Trial with a Circulating Tumor DNA Analysis.

randomized controlled trial · 2026 · PMID 41033927

The Lowest PSA Level Achieved Before CRPC Predicts Abiraterone Response But Not Enzalutamide Response in Metastatic CRPC.

randomized controlled trial · 2026 · PMID 42391446

The effect of povidone-iodine-enhanced rectal enema on procedure-related infectious complications before transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy: A prospective randomized study.

randomized controlled trial · 2026 · PMID 42152336

Plasma and urine biomarker algorithm versus systematic biopsy for prostate cancer detection in elderly men: a randomised trial with early termination for futility.

randomized controlled trial · 2026 · PMID 41778764

Enzalutamide Plus Metformin Versus Enzalutamide Alone in Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer: A Randomized Phase 2 Trial (SAKK 08/14).

randomized controlled trial · 2026 · PMID 41862335

Long-term outcomes of cribriform-positive and cribriform-negative prostate cancer treated with radical prostatectomy in the ProtecT trial.

randomized controlled trial · 2026 · PMID 41896701

Optimizing prostate biopsy decision making - (MUSIC-screen): A 1:1 randomized controlled trial comparing micro-ultrasound versus multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging for prostate cancer diagnosis.

randomized controlled trial · 2026 · PMID 42476253

Emerging and Experimental Research

Rethinking the PSMA-mediated tumor targeting of nanocarrier and potentiating co-delivery of PARP/EZH2 inhibitors for robust prostate cancer treatment.

preclinical or laboratory · 2027 · PMID 42492356

Preclinical evaluation of PSMA-targeted ultrasound contrast agents in an orthotopic model of prostate cancer in rabbits.

preclinical or laboratory · 2027 · PMID 42621251

A Phase 2, Randomized, Controlled Trial of Best Systemic Therapy Versus Best Systemic Therapy with Definitive Treatment of the Primary Tumor in Metastatic Prostate Cancer.

randomized controlled trial · 2026 · PMID 41833492

Enzalutamide Plus Metformin Versus Enzalutamide Alone in Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer: A Randomized Phase 2 Trial (SAKK 08/14).

randomized controlled trial · 2026 · PMID 41862335

Patient-reported outcomes in castration-resistant prostate cancer with bone metastases treated with radium-223 with or without olaparib.

randomized controlled trial · 2026 · PMID 42319132

Prehabilitation models in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy: A scoping review.

systematic review · 2026 · PMID 42659628

Biochemical Recurrence Irradiation or Observation (BRIO) in patients with prostate cancer: protocol for a randomised control trial.

randomized controlled trial · 2026 · PMID 42117295

Effect of [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET-CT in the diagnosis of prostate cancer in men with equivocal or clinically high-risk non-suspicious findings on multiparametric MRI (PRIMARY2): a multicentre, non-inferiority, phase 3, randomised controlled trial.

randomized controlled trial · 2026 · PMID 42269655

Reduced Length of ADT and ARTA With XRT in High-Risk Prostate Cancer (RELAX): A Randomised Controlled Trial.

randomized controlled trial · 2026 · PMID 42567090

SBRT plus abiraterone acetate and ADT versus abiraterone acetate and ADT in oligometastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (ARTO): long-term, unplanned overall survival analysis of an open-label, randomised, phase 2 trial.

randomized controlled trial · 2026 · PMID 42372744

Evidence Gaps

Detailed risk-of-bias assessment remains limited

PubMed abstracts often do not include enough methodological detail for a complete study-level risk-of-bias assessment.

Complete Ranked PubMed Index

The retrieval-priority score orders records using publication type, recency, sample-size signals, and replication signals. It is not a recommendation or a formal risk-of-bias grade.

Current Standard Of Care78 records

Rank112.0

Clinical guideline or consensus statement

Trial Design and Objectives for Patients With Prostate Cancer: Recommendations From the Prostate Cancer Working Group 4.

Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2026 · PMID 41744290

Rank112.0

Clinical guideline or consensus statementResult signal: harm

Management of individuals with heterozygous germline pathogenic variants in ATM: A clinical practice resource of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG).

Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics · 2025 · PMID 39636577

Rank112.0

Clinical guideline or consensus statement

Guideline of guidelines: lutetium-177 PSMA radioligand therapy in advanced prostate cancer.

BJU international · 2026 · PMID 41979224

Rank112.0

Clinical guideline or consensus statement

EAU-EANM-ESTRO-ESUR-ISUP-SIOG Guidelines on Prostate Cancer-2026 Update. Part I: Screening, Diagnosis, and Local Treatment with Curative Intent.

European urology · 2026 · PMID 42457454

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To present a summary of the 2026 version of the European Association of Urology (EAU)-European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM)-European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology (ESTRO)-European Society of Urogenital Radiology (ESUR)-International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP)-International Society of Geriatric Oncology (SIOG) guidelines on screening, diagnosis, and treatment of clinically localised prostate cancer (PCa). METHODS: The Panel performed a literature review of all …

Rank112.0

Clinical guideline or consensus statement

EAU-EANM-ESTRO-ESUR-ISUP-SIOG Guidelines on Prostate Cancer. Part II-2026 Update: Treatment of Relapsing and Metastatic Prostate Cancer.

European urology · 2026 · PMID 42457456

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To present a summary of the 2026 version of the European Association of Urology (EAU)-European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM)-European Society for Radiotherapy & Oncology (ESTRO)-European Society of Urogenital Radiology (ESUR)-International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP)-International Society of Geriatric Oncology (SIOG) Guidelines on the treatment of relapsing, metastatic hormone-sensitive and castration-resistant prostate cancer (PCa). METHODS: The Panel performed a liter…

Rank110.0

Clinical guideline or consensus statement

The Swedish national guidelines on prostate cancer: recurrent, metastatic and castration resistant disease.

Scandinavian journal of urology · 2026 · PMID 42012147

Rank110.0

Clinical guideline or consensus statement

Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network : JNCCN · 2026 · PMID 42134408

Rank110.0

Clinical guideline or consensus statement

Expert practical recommendations for optimising tumour and germline testing of homologous recombination repair gene mutations in metastatic prostate cancer.

Revista espanola de patologia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Anatomia Patologica y de la Sociedad Espanola de Citologia · 2026 · PMID 42102633

Rank110.0

Clinical guideline or consensus statement

ProBIOPSY: A Multidisciplinary International Consensus on Standards for Prostate Biopsy.

European urology · 2026 · PMID 42420069

BACKGROUND: Prostate biopsy is a complex, multi-step procedure lacking standardisation across patient selection, tools, technique, and biopsy strategy, potentially influencing local treatment planning. An international consensus project was initiated to harmonise these aspects. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: A systematic review informed statement development. A modified Delphi process involving 34 international experts was conducted over three rounds. Panellists evaluated 96, 99, and 112 statements in Rounds 1-3, respective…

Rank100.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Comparison of 18F-based PSMA radiotracers with [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 in PET/CT imaging of prostate cancer-a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases · 2024 · PMID 38017295

BACKGROUND: Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) has become an increasingly established imaging modality in the staging of prostate cancer (PCa). Numerous PSMA-based tracers are currently available, however, there is a lack of consensus on the optimal radiotracer(s) for PSMA PET/CT. This study aims to investigate whether Fluorine-18 (18F)-labelled PSMA PET/CT is significantly different from Gallium-68 (68Ga) in primary diagnosis and/or secondary stagi…

Rank100.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Latin American Consensus for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Metastatic Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer.

Clinical genitourinary cancer · 2026 · PMID 41963237

The treatment of metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC) is complex, requiring strategies to prevent complications and improve survival outcomes. In resource-limited settings, it is essential to guide clinical practice to ensure patients receive the best available diagnostic and treatment options. This consensus aims to provide updated recommendations for the diagnosis and management of mCSPC in Latin America. This consensus was developed with the participation of clinical experts from multiple Lati…

Rank98.1

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Prehabilitation models in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy: A scoping review.

PloS one · 2026 · PMID 42659628

Prehabilitation, defined as the preoperative optimisation of physical, nutritional, and psychological status, has emerged as a promising strategy to improve postoperative recovery in surgical oncology. However, its application in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP) remains poorly characterised. This scoping review aimed to systematically map existing evidence on prehabilitation models for patients scheduled for RP, with particular focus on delivery formats, intervention components, and outcome measures. …

Rank87.0

Randomized clinical study

Managing testosterone deficiency in primary care: an international expert consensus.

The aging male : the official journal of the International Society for the Study of the Aging Male · 2026 · PMID 42647144

BACKGROUND: Testosterone deficiency (TD) has traditionally been managed by specialists, yet there is growing public demand for general practitioners (GPs) to become involved in the care of these men. Most TD cases initially present to GPs, and common medical conditions associated with TD are already managed by GPs, including obesity, diabetes, anaemia, and impaired mood. However, there has been scant clinical guidance or education for GPs on this topic. AIM: To provide consensus-based expert clinical guidance on th…

Rank78.9

Multicenter clinical study

Treatment patterns in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer who received darolutamide in the ARAMIS trial in Spain: PARASEC study.

Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026 · PMID 41667886

PURPOSE: We aimed to describe treatment patterns of patients with nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC) who progressed after receiving darolutamide in a real-world setting, and according to the standard clinical practice in Spain. METHODS: This was a multicenter, observational, retrospective study conducted at the urology and oncology departments of 17 Spanish hospitals that participated in the ARAMIS trial and its rollover study. RESULTS: 85 patients, with a median age of 76 years, were inclu…

Rank74.4

Multicenter clinical study

Pushing the Boundaries of Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy in Irradiated Territories for Nodal Oligorecurrent Prostate Cancer: Outcomes of the CYGNUS Multicentric Retrospective Study.

International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics · 2026 · PMID 41864432

PURPOSE: The CYGNUS study aims to assess both toxicity and efficacy of stereotactic body radiation therapy performed as salvage approach for pelvic nodal metachronous oligorecurrent (PNMOR) hormone-sensitive prostate cancer, in previously irradiated territory. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Inclusion criteria were histologically history of proven prostate cancer, locally treated with a radical intent and a biochemical relapse as defined by the European Association of Urology guidelines. All patients had a radiological susp…

Diagnosis And Screening372 records

Rank112.0

Clinical guideline or consensus statement

EAU-EANM-ESTRO-ESUR-ISUP-SIOG Guidelines on Prostate Cancer-2026 Update. Part I: Screening, Diagnosis, and Local Treatment with Curative Intent.

European urology · 2026 · PMID 42457454

Rank110.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test for prostate cancer screening.

The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2026 · PMID 42134821

Rank110.0

Clinical guideline or consensus statement

Advanced Prostate Cancer: AUA/SUO Guideline Amendment (2026) Part I: Evaluation and Treatment of Biochemically Recurrent (Following Exhaustion of Local Therapy) and Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer.

The Journal of urology · 2026 · PMID 42462144

PURPOSE: Following completion of the 2025 Update Literature Review (ULR), the American Urological Association (AUA) incorporated new evidence generated since the 2023 publication of this Guideline via the AUA Amendment process. The summary presented herein represents Part I of the two-part series dedicated to addressing updated recommendations to provide a clinical framework for the evaluation and management of biochemically recurrent (BCR) and metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). MATERIALS AND MET…

Rank110.0

Clinical guideline or consensus statement

Prostate Cancer, Version 3.2026, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines In Oncology.

Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network : JNCCN · 2025 · PMID 41213253

Rank110.0

Clinical guideline or consensus statement

Advanced Prostate Cancer: AUA/SUO Guideline Amendment (2026) Part II: Evaluation and Management of Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer.

The Journal of urology · 2026 · PMID 42462145

Rank110.0

Clinical guideline or consensus statementResult signal: harm

NCCN Guidelines® Insights: Genetic/Familial High-Risk Assessment: Breast, Ovarian, Pancreatic, and Prostate, Version 2.2026.

Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network : JNCCN · 2026 · PMID 41671423

Rank110.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Effect of Prostate Cancer Screening with Prostate-specific Antigen Testing on Long-term Prostate Cancer-specific Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

European urology · 2026 · PMID 42091407

CONTEXT: Earlier evidence syntheses reached uncertain conclusions about the effect of prostate-specific antigen (PSA)-based screening on prostate cancer (PCa)-specific mortality (PCSM). Extended follow-up from major trials has provided an opportunity to re-evaluate the evidence. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the effect of PSA-based screening versus no screening or usual care on PCSM in individuals engaging in screening. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: We systematically searched PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CENTRAL through October 2…

Rank109.1

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Diagnostic performance of artificial intelligence based on PET/CT for lymph node involvement in prostate cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

International journal of medical informatics · 2026 · PMID 42456599

PURPOSE: This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the diagnostic performance of PET/CT-based artificial intelligence (AI) models for detecting lymph node involvement (LNI) in prostate cancer and compare it with physician readers. METHODS: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science through March 4, 2025, for studies evaluating PET/CT-based AI (machine learning or deep learning) for LNI detection. Eligible studies used pathology or expert physician reads as reference standards. AI model studies were ass…

Rank108.6

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Prostate Imaging Standards for Screening Magnetic Resonance Imaging (PRISM): International Consensus Recommendations.

JAMA oncology · 2026 · PMID 42275039

Rank108.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Impact of PSMA PET on the management and clinical outcomes of patients with biochemical failure of prostate cancer after definitive treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

International urology and nephrology · 2026 · PMID 41872648

PURPOSE: Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography (PET) is emerging as an imaging modality with an established role for assessment of prostate cancer. This review aims to evaluate the impact of PSMA PET on the management and clinical outcomes in men with biochemical failure of prostate cancer. METHODS: We conducted a comprehensive literature search of the electronic databases from inception to August, 2025. The outcomes of interest included prostate-specific antigen (PSA) responses, bi…

Rank106.4

Systematic review or meta-analysis

The efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: A meta-analysis and reconstructed individual patient data analysis.

Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026 · PMID 41672480

Some immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) has been used for men with specific metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). However, inconsistent results of ICI for unselected mCRPC population raise concerns. The primary outcomes were overall survival (OS) and radiographic progression-free survival (PFS), and the secondary outcomes included objective response rate (ORR). Individual patient data (IPD) were reconstructed from reported survival curve, and Kaplan-Meier method was used to evaluate the efficacy.…

Rank106.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Artificial intelligence in genitourinary oncology: publication trends and systematic review.

BJU international · 2026 · PMID 42360093

OBJECTIVE: To conduct an analysis of publication trends and a systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to characterize the current state of artificial intelligence (AI) use in genitourinary (GU) oncology, as AI has emerged as a transformative tool in healthcare with potential applications in diagnostics, treatment planning, and prognostication. METHODS: We searched the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Excerpta Medica dataBASE (EMBASE; Ovid), and Cumulative Index to …

Rank105.5

Systematic review or meta-analysis

The impact of different exercise modalities on health-related quality of life in patients with prostate cancer undergoing androgen deprivation therapy: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Frontiers in oncology · 2026 · PMID 42676391

BACKGROUND: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for prostate cancer is associated with adverse effects including fatigue, muscle weakness, adiposity, and impaired health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Exercise interventions may mitigate these side effects, but the comparative efficacy of different exercise modalities remains unclear. PURPOSE: To determine the effects of various exercise programs on HRQoL and physical functioning in prostate cancer patients undergoing ADT, and to provide evidence-based recommendati…

Rank103.8

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Feasibility of treating neuroendocrine prostate cancer with anti-SSTR radioligands: A systematic review of imaging and treatment studies.

Seminars in nuclear medicine · 2026 · PMID 42264967

PURPOSE: To review clinical evidence on somatostatin receptor (SSTR) targeted imaging and SSTR directed radioligand therapy in neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC). METHODS: A PRISMA guided search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science was performed on September 14, 2025. Two reviewers screened studies and extracted data. Risk of bias was appraised using Joanna Briggs Institute tools. Synthesis was descriptive. RESULTS: Of 1937 records, 41 studies were included (4 prospective cohorts and 37 case reports or series).…

Rank103.5

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: benefitCorrection flagged

Metastasis-directed therapy and standard of care versus standard of care for oligometastatic prostate cancer (WOLVERINE): a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis from the X-MET collaboration.

The Lancet. Oncology · 2026 · PMID 41643695

BACKGROUND: Oligometastatic disease represents the proximal end of a metastatic spectrum. Metastasis-directed therapy (MDT) is increasingly used to treat oligometastatic disease despite the absence of level 1 evidence. We amalgamated individual patient data across trials to evaluate the effectiveness of MDT for oligometastatic prostate cancer. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis. We systematically searched Embase, PubMed, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, and ClinicalTrials.gov to id…

Rank103.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Hugo™ RAS versus da Vinci® for robot-assisted radical prostatectomy in localized prostate cancer: a GRADE-assessed systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective comparative studies.

BMC surgery · 2026 · PMID 42332746

Rank103.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Bridging the Gap from "Paper" to "Patient": An Overview and Quality Assessment of PET/CT-Based Radiomics for Prostate Cancer Using the Updated RQS 2.0.

Academic radiology · 2026 · PMID 42315441

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: To apply the updated Radiomics Quality Score (RQS 2.0) and the Radiomics Readiness Level (RRL) framework to systematically evaluate the methodological quality and clinical translation maturity of Positron-emission tomography (PET)-based radiomics studies in prostate cancer (PCa). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two independent researchers conducted a systematic literature search for studies published between January 1, 2015, and October 31, 2025. Included PET-based PCa radiomics studies were evalua…

Rank102.9

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based tools in the diagnosis and management of prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases · 2026 · PMID 41388186

BACKGROUND: Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) hold great promise in oncology, including prostate cancer care. Despite its promises, there is a lack of comprehensive synthesis and knowledge regarding the efficacy of the current AI-based prostate cancer tools. This study aims to identify, evaluate and synthesize the existing evidence on AI-based tools developed for the diagnosis, prognosis, and management of prostate cancer. METHOD: We performed a systematic review of published studies from January …

Rank102.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

European urology · 2026 · PMID 41833492

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Studies reported to date indicate that local therapy may improve outcomes in men with de novo metastatic (M1) prostate cancer (PCa). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of local therapy to the primary tumor on progression-free survival (PFS) in men with M1 PCa. METHODS: In a multicenter, randomized phase 2 trial, men with de novo M1 PCa, after receiving 6 mo of best systemic therapy (BST), were randomly assigned (1:1) to continue BST alone (arm 1) or BST with the addition of e…

Evidence Syntheses97 records

Rank112.8

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Based Artificial Intelligence in Predicting Prostate Cancer Biochemical Recurrence: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Journal of medical Internet research · 2026 · PMID 42412916

Rank112.0

Clinical guideline or consensus statementResult signal: harm

Management of individuals with heterozygous germline pathogenic variants in ATM: A clinical practice resource of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG).

Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics · 2025 · PMID 39636577

Rank112.0

Clinical guideline or consensus statement

Guideline of guidelines: lutetium-177 PSMA radioligand therapy in advanced prostate cancer.

BJU international · 2026 · PMID 41979224

Rank112.0

Clinical guideline or consensus statement

EAU-EANM-ESTRO-ESUR-ISUP-SIOG Guidelines on Prostate Cancer. Part II-2026 Update: Treatment of Relapsing and Metastatic Prostate Cancer.

European urology · 2026 · PMID 42457456

The Journal of urology · 2026 · PMID 42462144

PURPOSE: Following completion of the 2025 Update Literature Review (ULR), the American Urological Association (AUA) incorporated new evidence generated since the 2023 publication of this Guideline via the AUA Amendment process. The summary presented herein represents Part I of the two-part series dedicated to addressing updated recommendations to provide a clinical framework for the evaluation and management of biochemically recurrent (BCR) and metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). MATERIALS AND MET…

Rank110.0

Clinical guideline or consensus statement

Advanced Prostate Cancer: AUA/SUO Guideline Amendment (2026) Part II: Evaluation and Management of Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer.

The Journal of urology · 2026 · PMID 42462145

Rank110.0

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: harm

Impact of frailty on overall survival and complications in patients with prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

International urology and nephrology · 2026 · PMID 41712034

PURPOSE: The current systematic review and meta-analysis was designed to assess if the presence of frailty had an adverse impact on overall survival (OS) and complication rates of patients with prostate cancer. METHODS: Two reviewers explored the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus databases until January 3rd, 2026, for studies examining the impact of frailty on OS and complications in patients with prostate cancer. Data on OS were pooled as a hazard ratio (HR), while short-term mortality and complications w…

Rank110.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test for prostate cancer screening.

The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2026 · PMID 42134821

Rank109.7

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Efficacy and Safety Differences Between Abiraterone and Enzalutamide in Patients with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Real-World Studies.

Targeted oncology · 2026 · PMID 42371314

BACKGROUND: Abiraterone (ABI) and enzalutamide (ENZA) are standard treatments for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). However, their safety and efficacy have not been directly compared in prospective clinical trials. OBJECTIVE: To directly compare their safety and efficacy in prospective clinical trials. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A systematic search was performed in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases (CRD42024608496) on 24 June 2025. Eligibility criteria included studies on patients wit…

Rank109.1

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Diagnostic performance of artificial intelligence based on PET/CT for lymph node involvement in prostate cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

International journal of medical informatics · 2026 · PMID 42456599

Rank108.8

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Intratumoral Human Papillomavirus in Advanced Prostate Cancer: Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Real-World Evidence from the Largest Cohort to Date.

International journal of molecular sciences · 2026 · PMID 42737728

The etiopathogenesis of prostate cancer (PCa) is complex and involves multiple hormonal and environmental factors. Among these, the role of infectious agents remains controversial. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is known to promote carcinogenesis in epithelial tumors and has also been detected, albeit inconsistently, in PCa tissues. This systematic review, meta-analysis, and real-world cohort study aimed to clarify the prevalence and the prognostic role of intratumoral (IT)-HPV detection in locally advanced and metasta…

Rank108.7

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: null

High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Versus Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy for Localized Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Oncologic and Functional Outcomes.

Annals of surgical oncology · 2026 · PMID 42283919

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to compare functional and oncologic outcomes between high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) and robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) for patients with localized prostate cancer (LPCa). METHODS: Four databases (Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science) were systematically searched from inception to December 2025. The review followed PRISMA 2020 and AMSTAR 2 guidelines. Pooled effect estimates were calculated using Stata 17. Random-effects models were applied when I2 was …

Rank108.6

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Prostate Imaging Standards for Screening Magnetic Resonance Imaging (PRISM): International Consensus Recommendations.

JAMA oncology · 2026 · PMID 42275039

Rank108.5

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Does a Negative Prostate Biopsy Reduce the Risk of Prostate Cancer Reclassification in an Active Surveillance Protocol? An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The Prostate · 2025 · PMID 39800984

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the association of the negative confirmatory and follow-up biopsy with prostate cancer reclassification in active surveillance protocol. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic search was performed in databases, including Scopus, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science, on June 25th, 2024, to identify relevant studies regarding negative biopsy and reclassification of prostate cancer among men on AS. The patient data including, sample sizes, follow-up duration, the status of performing the confirmator…

Rank108.5

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: benefit

First-Line Systemic Treatments of Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer: Updated Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

The Journal of urology · 2026 · PMID 42171515

PURPOSE: The therapeutic landscape of metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) has expanded rapidly with the introduction of intensified combination regimens. The aim of this updated systematic review and network meta-analysis was to compare the efficacy and safety of first-line systemic combination therapies for mHSPC. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science in March 2026 to identify randomized controlled trials evaluating first-line combination therapies f…

Rank108.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Impact of PSMA PET on the management and clinical outcomes of patients with biochemical failure of prostate cancer after definitive treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

International urology and nephrology · 2026 · PMID 41872648

Rank107.9

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Robust Meta-Analysis of a Clinical Cell-Cycle Risk (CCR) Score Demonstrates Broadly Applicable Metastasis and Disease-Specific Mortality Risk Stratification in Men With Localized Prostate Cancer.

Clinical genitourinary cancer · 2026 · PMID 42285797

PURPOSE: To systematically review and synthesize the evidence for Prolaris, a combined clinical risk (CCR) score that stratifies individual patient risk and provides a decision-making tool that impacts medical management across key decision points in the localized prostate cancer care continuum. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A systematic literature search was performed, and individual participant data (IPD) were collected where possible to perform a two-step IPD analysis. The primary endpoint was composite distant metastas…

Rank107.9

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: harm

The impact of abiraterone and enzalutamide on hypokalemia incidence in patients with prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BMC cancer · 2026 · PMID 42387420

OBJECTIVE: To systematically evaluate the incidence of hypokalemia associated with novel androgen receptor axis-targeted therapies (ARATs)-specifically abiraterone, enzalutamide, and their combination-in patients with advanced prostate cancer. METHODS: A comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library was conducted to identify published randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. A random-effects model was employed to pool risk ratios (RRs) a…

Rank107.9

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Transperineal magnetic resonance imaging targeted biopsy versus transrectal route in the detection of prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases · 2024 · PMID 37783837

PURPOSE: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has deeply altered the prostate biopsy strategy to detect prostate cancer. However, it is still debatable whether the detection rate differs between transrectal (TR) and transperineal (TP) MRI-targeted biopsy (MRI-TB). To compare the effectiveness of these two methods for detecting both overall prostate cancer (PCa) and clinically significant PCa (csPCa), We performed a review and meta-analysis. METHODS: Until January 2023, we conducted a thorough search of Cochrane, Embase…

Rank107.7

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Correlation of Biochemical Recurrence With Adverse Late Toxic Events Following Prostate Radiation Therapy (COBALT Study): An Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis of 7 Randomized Trials.

International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics · 2026 · PMID 41663033

PURPOSE: The association between late toxicity and biochemical recurrence (BCR) after prostate radiation therapy is unclear. We set out to characterize the relationship between late gastrointestinal (GI) and genitourinary (GU) toxicity and BCR among patients receiving conventionally fractionated (CF) or moderately hypofractionated (MHF) prostate radiation therapy. METHODS AND MATERIALS: This was an individual patient data meta-analysis that identified randomized phase 3 trials of CF or MHF prostate radiation therap…

Landmark Evidence63 records

Rank112.0

Clinical guideline or consensus statementResult signal: harm

Management of individuals with heterozygous germline pathogenic variants in ATM: A clinical practice resource of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG).

Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics · 2025 · PMID 39636577

Rank112.0

Clinical guideline or consensus statement

Guideline of guidelines: lutetium-177 PSMA radioligand therapy in advanced prostate cancer.

BJU international · 2026 · PMID 41979224

Rank110.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test for prostate cancer screening.

The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2026 · PMID 42134821

Rank110.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Updated dose-response meta-analysis of sexual activity and prostate cancer risk.

BMC cancer · 2025 · PMID 41345847

BACKGROUND: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to update the evidence on how sexual activity factors, including frequency of intercourse, number of female sexual partners, age at first intercourse, and number of ejaculations and masturbations relate to prostate cancer. METHODS: We conducted a comprehensive search across PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus up to October 19, 2025. We also reviewed existing study references for additional relevant research. To assess study consistency, we used I2 statistics…

Rank108.7

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: null

High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Versus Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy for Localized Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Oncologic and Functional Outcomes.

Annals of surgical oncology · 2026 · PMID 42283919

Rank108.6

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Prostate Imaging Standards for Screening Magnetic Resonance Imaging (PRISM): International Consensus Recommendations.

JAMA oncology · 2026 · PMID 42275039

Rank107.9

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: benefit

A Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression of the Efficacy, Toxicity, and Quality of Life Outcomes Following Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Radioligand Therapy Utilising Lutetium-177 and Actinium-225 in Metastatic Prostate Cancer.

European urology · 2025 · PMID 39327114

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Management of metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa) presents significant challenges. In this systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression, the efficacy, safety, and quality of life (QoL) outcomes of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted radioligand therapy (PRLT) utilising lutetium-177 ([177Lu]Lu-PSMA) and actinium-225 ([225Ac]Ac-PSMA) were assessed. METHODS: A detailed literature search across PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library was condu…

Rank107.8

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Evaluating Treatment Efficacy in Metastatic Hormone-sensitive Prostate Cancer Patients with Visceral Disease: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis.

European urology oncology · 2026 · PMID 40645821

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) patients with visceral disease (VD) represent a high-risk subgroup associated with poor prognosis. Despite the introduction of treatment intensification strategies, the optimal systemic therapy for these patients remains unclear. This network meta-analysis (NMA) aims to evaluate the efficacy of the current therapeutic combinations in terms of overall survival (OS) in the subgroup of patients with VD. METHODS: A systematic review and NMA …

Rank107.3

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: benefit

Duration of Androgen Suppression with Postoperative Radiotherapy (DADSPORT) for Nonmetastatic Prostate Cancer: A Collaborative Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Aggregate Data.

European urology · 2025 · PMID 40571441

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To better understand the role of hormone therapy (HT) with postoperative radiotherapy (RT) for nonmetastatic prostate cancer, the DADSPORT Collaboration planned a systematic review and meta-analysis of aggregate data from randomised controlled trials (RCTs). METHODS: RCTs evaluating HT with postoperative RT in people with nonmetastatic prostate cancer were identified. Methods were prespecified prior to results of recent trials being known (CRD42022325769). The primary outcome was overall s…

Rank107.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Metabolic syndrome and risk of prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Panminerva medica · 2022 · PMID 34859640

INTRODUCTION: Emerging evidence supports the hypothesis that metabolic syndrome is associated with cancer pathogenesis. In particular regarding prostate cancer, observational studies from various settings report different results. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to provide a quantitative estimate of the association between metabolic syndrome in prostate cancer, in particular Gleason Score >6, accounting for different study designs. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: Systematic research of available literature in …

Rank106.2

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Effects of postoperative physical exercise rehabilitation on cardiorespiratory fitness, functional capacity and quality of life in patients with colorectal, breast, and prostate cancer - a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2024 · PMID 39718582

PURPOSE: The reduced cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and functional capacity following surgical procedures and during cancer treatments is a major risk factor for morbidity and mortality among patients with cancer. We aimed to assess the impact of endurance and combined resistance exercise interventions during the postoperative rehabilitation period for patients with colorectal, breast, and prostate cancer. METHODS: A systematic search was conducted in MEDLINE Pubmed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library until Octo…

Rank106.1

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Time for action: actinium-225 PSMA-targeted alpha therapy for metastatic prostate cancer - a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Theranostics · 2025 · PMID 40093902

Rationale: Metastatic prostate cancer in the castration-resistant (mCRPC) setting remains challenging to treat. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted alpha therapy (TAT) is emerging as a promising option. We aimed to systematically review the efficacy and safety of PSMA-TAT in patients with prostate cancer. Methods: A comprehensive search of PubMed/MEDLINE and EMBASE databases was conducted up to October 2024, adhering to the PRISMA guidelines. Selected studies were original research articles evaluatin…

Rank105.3

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Systematic review and meta-analysis of the diagnostic accuracy of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) for the detection of prostate cancer in symptomatic patients.

BMC medicine · 2022 · PMID 35125113

BACKGROUND: Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a commonly used test to detect prostate cancer. Attention has mostly focused on the use of PSA in screening asymptomatic patients, but the diagnostic accuracy of PSA for prostate cancer in patients with symptoms is less well understood. METHODS: A systematic database search was conducted of Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane library. Studies reporting the diagnostic accuracy of PSA for prostate cancer in patients with symptoms were included. Two investig…

Rank105.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Efficacy and safety of rechallenge therapy with [177Lu]Lu-PSMA in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2025 · PMID 40705094

BACKGROUND: Lutetium-177 PSMA radioligand therapy ([¹⁷⁷Lu]Lu-PSMA-RLT) is an effective treatment option for patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Prospective studies reported favourable efficacy and safety outcomes of up to 6 cycles of [¹⁷⁷Lu]Lu-PSMA. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of [¹⁷⁷Lu]Lu-PSMA rechallenge therapy in patients with mCRPC who progressed after an initial course of [¹⁷⁷Lu]Lu-PSMA-RLT. METHODS: This systematic review followed the Preferred Repo…

Rank105.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Triplet or Doublet Therapy in Metastatic Hormone-sensitive Prostate Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis.

European urology focus · 2023 · PMID 36058809

CONTEXT: Two recent randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reported overall survival benefit of triplet therapy (androgen receptor axis-targeted therapy agent [ARAT], docetaxel, and androgen deprivation therapy [ADT]) over that of doublet therapy (docetaxel and ADT) in patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). Ranking of therapy options and comparisons between triplet therapy and doublet ARAT and ADT therapy are scarce. OBJECTIVE: To rank therapy options (triplet vs doublet [docetaxel and ADT…

Rank105.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Systemic therapies for metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer: network meta-analysis.

BJU international · 2022 · PMID 34171173

OBJECTIVES: To perform a systematic review and network meta-analysis to compare the efficacy and safety of currently available treatments for the management of metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC), as there has been a paradigm shift with the use of next-generation androgen receptor inhibitors (ARIs) and docetaxel. METHODS: Multiple databases were searched for articles published before May 2020 according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis extension statement for …

Rank105.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

The role of stereotactic radiosurgery for prostate cancer spine metastasis - impact on hormone sensitivity and treatment outcomes: a systematic review of literature.

Neurosurgical review · 2026 · PMID 42678449

Spinal metastases are a common and morbid manifestation of advanced prostate cancer. Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), including single-fraction stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), has emerged as a high-precision modality capable of delivering ablative doses with excellent local control. However, outcomes following spinal SBRT may differ according to hormonal sensitivity, particularly between hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (HSPC) and castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). To systematically evaluate outco…

Rank104.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Meta-Analysis of Body Concentration of Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Prostate Cancer.

Toxicology and industrial health · 2022 · PMID 36167526

Prostate Cancer (PCa) is the second most common hormone-sensitive neoplasm among men and the fifth cause of death due to malignancy in developed countries. Moreover, studies have shown the links between polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and hormone-related cancers such as prostate cancer. Hence, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the potential relationship between the PCBs and developing PCa. In this meta-analysis study, the relevant databases such as Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus we…

Rank103.6

Systematic review or meta-analysis

PET/MRI in prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2021 · PMID 32901351

AIM: In recent years, the clinical availability of scanners for integrated positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has enabled the practical potential of multimodal, combined metabolic-receptor, anatomical, and functional imaging to be explored. The present systematic review and meta-analysis summarize the diagnostic information provided by PET/MRI in patients with prostate cancer (PCa). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A literature search was conducted in three different databases. The terms …

Rank103.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Bridging the Gap from "Paper" to "Patient": An Overview and Quality Assessment of PET/CT-Based Radiomics for Prostate Cancer Using the Updated RQS 2.0.

Academic radiology · 2026 · PMID 42315441

Rank101.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

The dose-response of salvage radiotherapy following radical prostatectomy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology · 2016 · PMID 27863963

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: To date neither the optimal radiotherapy dose nor the existence of a dose-response has been established for salvage RT (SRT). MATERIALS/METHODS: A systematic review from 1996 to 2015 and meta-analysis was performed to identify the pathologic, clinical and treatment factors associated with relapse-free survival (RFS) after SRT (uniformly defined as a PSA>0.2ng/mL or rising above post-SRT nadir). A sigmoidal dose-response curve was objectively fitted and a non-parametric statistical test used to d…

Rank100.9

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Association of finasteride with prostate cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Medicine · 2020 · PMID 32282699

BACKGROUND: The Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial has shown a protective effect of finasteride on prostate cancer, but it also showed that finasteride can increase the risk of high-grade prostate cancer. Several studies have investigated the relationship between finasteride and prostate cancer, but these studies have shown inconsistent results. ETHICS: The protocol was approved by the institutional review board of each study center. Written informed consent will be obtained from all patients before registration, in …

Rank100.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Pelvic floor muscle training for erectile function in men undergoing radical prostatectomy: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.

World journal of urology · 2026 · PMID 42671634

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT), with or without adjunctive biofeedback or electrical stimulation, in improving erectile function (EF) in men who have undergone radical prostatectomy (RP) for prostate cancer, by examining randomized controlled trials (RCTs). METHODS: PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases were systematically searched. Eligible studies were RCTs examining PFMT for post-RP erectile dysfunction (ED) according to predefined inclusion and exc…

Rank100.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Photon vs proton hypofractionation in prostate cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology · 2024 · PMID 38561122

BACKGROUND: High-level evidence on hypofractionated proton therapy (PT) for localized and locally advanced prostate cancer (PCa) patients is currently missing. The aim of this study is to provide a systematic literature review to compare the toxicity and effectiveness of curative radiotherapy with photon therapy (XRT) or PT in PCa. METHODS: PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched up to April 2022. Men with a diagnosis of PCa who underwent curative hypofractionated RT treatmen…

Rank100.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Effects of natural extract interventions in prostate cancer: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology · 2024 · PMID 38608596

BACKGROUND: Over years, there has been a widespread quest for effective dietary patterns and natural extracts to mitigate prostate cancer risk. However, despite numerous experimental studies conducted on various natural extracts, the evidence substantiating their efficacy remains largely insufficient. This dearth of compelling evidence presents a significant challenge in advocating for their widespread use as preventive measures against prostate cancer. OBJECTIVE: Our study endeavors to undertake a network meta-ana…

Most Effective Evidence Supported Treatments141 records

Rank112.0

Clinical guideline or consensus statement

EAU-EANM-ESTRO-ESUR-ISUP-SIOG Guidelines on Prostate Cancer-2026 Update. Part I: Screening, Diagnosis, and Local Treatment with Curative Intent.

European urology · 2026 · PMID 42457454

Rank112.0

Clinical guideline or consensus statementResult signal: harm

Management of individuals with heterozygous germline pathogenic variants in ATM: A clinical practice resource of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG).

Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics · 2025 · PMID 39636577

Rank112.0

Clinical guideline or consensus statement

EAU-EANM-ESTRO-ESUR-ISUP-SIOG Guidelines on Prostate Cancer. Part II-2026 Update: Treatment of Relapsing and Metastatic Prostate Cancer.

European urology · 2026 · PMID 42457456

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To present a summary of the 2026 version of the European Association of Urology (EAU)-European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM)-European Society for Radiotherapy & Oncology (ESTRO)-European Society of Urogenital Radiology (ESUR)-International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP)-International Society of Geriatric Oncology (SIOG) Guidelines on the treatment of relapsing, metastatic hormone-sensitive and castration-resistant prostate cancer (PCa). METHODS: The Panel performed a liter…

Rank112.0

Clinical guideline or consensus statement

Guideline of guidelines: lutetium-177 PSMA radioligand therapy in advanced prostate cancer.

BJU international · 2026 · PMID 41979224

Rank110.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test for prostate cancer screening.

The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2026 · PMID 42134821

Rank110.0

Clinical guideline or consensus statement

Advanced Prostate Cancer: AUA/SUO Guideline Amendment (2026) Part II: Evaluation and Management of Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer.

The Journal of urology · 2026 · PMID 42462145

Rank110.0

Clinical guideline or consensus statement

Advanced Prostate Cancer: AUA/SUO Guideline Amendment (2026) Part I: Evaluation and Treatment of Biochemically Recurrent (Following Exhaustion of Local Therapy) and Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer.

The Journal of urology · 2026 · PMID 42462144

PURPOSE: Following completion of the 2025 Update Literature Review (ULR), the American Urological Association (AUA) incorporated new evidence generated since the 2023 publication of this Guideline via the AUA Amendment process. The summary presented herein represents Part I of the two-part series dedicated to addressing updated recommendations to provide a clinical framework for the evaluation and management of biochemically recurrent (BCR) and metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). MATERIALS AND MET…

Rank110.0

Clinical guideline or consensus statement

Prostate Cancer, Version 3.2026, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines In Oncology.

Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network : JNCCN · 2025 · PMID 41213253

Rank108.7

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: null

High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Versus Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy for Localized Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Oncologic and Functional Outcomes.

Annals of surgical oncology · 2026 · PMID 42283919

Rank108.5

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: benefit

First-Line Systemic Treatments of Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer: Updated Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

The Journal of urology · 2026 · PMID 42171515

Rank108.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Impact of PSMA PET on the management and clinical outcomes of patients with biochemical failure of prostate cancer after definitive treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

International urology and nephrology · 2026 · PMID 41872648

Rank107.7

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Correlation of Biochemical Recurrence With Adverse Late Toxic Events Following Prostate Radiation Therapy (COBALT Study): An Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis of 7 Randomized Trials.

International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics · 2026 · PMID 41663033

Rank107.5

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: benefit

Clinical Benefit and Safety of Combined Immunotherapy and Targeted Therapy in Prostate Cancer.

International journal of cancer · 2026 · PMID 42017392

Although immunotherapy has transformed the treatment of several genitourinary malignancies, its role in prostate cancer remains limited. Combining immunotherapy with targeted therapies has emerged as a promising approach to enhance immune responses in prostate cancer. We aimed to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of immunotherapy combined with targeted therapy in the treatment of prostate cancer. We conducted a detailed literature search across Embase, Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane …

Rank106.8

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Time to subsequent therapy (TTST) as an endpoint in clinical studies: development of standardized documentation of subsequent therapy through systematic literature review, expert interviews, and Delphi survey.

Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2026 · PMID 42742636

BACKGROUND: The endpoint Time to Subsequent Therapy (TTST) is an intermediate endpoint used in research and regulatory assessments. TTST denotes initiation of subsequent therapy and is a clearly definable, clinically relevant event for healthcare professionals. However, it has not been systematically established to which extent TTST is subjectively meaningful to patients. The objective of this study was to define TTST as a patient-relevant intermediate endpoint. METHODS: The study examined five oncological indicati…

Rank106.4

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: benefit

The impact of prehabilitation on postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026 · PMID 42736496

PURPOSE: Preoperative rehabilitation training can optimize functional reserve before radical prostatectomy (RP), thereby improving postoperative outcomes. However, its effects on urinary incontinence, erectile function, and quality of life (QoL) remain controversial. This study systematically evaluated these outcome measures. METHODS: Data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were retrieved from the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and CINAHL databases. The risk of bias was assessed using the RoB-2 tool, and m…

Rank106.4

Systematic review or meta-analysis

The efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: A meta-analysis and reconstructed individual patient data analysis.

Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026 · PMID 41672480

Rank106.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Artificial intelligence in genitourinary oncology: publication trends and systematic review.

BJU international · 2026 · PMID 42360093

Rank105.8

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: null

Subcapsular versus total orchiectomy in advanced prostate cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical and patient-reported outcomes.

Urologic oncology · 2026 · PMID 42364308

BACKGROUND: Prostate cancer (CaP) is a leading malignancy in men, frequently diagnosed at advanced stages where androgen deprivation therapy remains the standard treatment. Surgical castration, either subcapsular or total orchiectomy, offers a definitive and cost-effective approach to androgen deprivation therapy. This study systematically compares clinical and patient-reported outcomes between subcapsular and total orchiectomy in patients with advanced CaP. METHODS: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Sco…

Rank105.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

The role of stereotactic radiosurgery for prostate cancer spine metastasis - impact on hormone sensitivity and treatment outcomes: a systematic review of literature.

Neurosurgical review · 2026 · PMID 42678449

Rank103.8

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Feasibility of treating neuroendocrine prostate cancer with anti-SSTR radioligands: A systematic review of imaging and treatment studies.

Seminars in nuclear medicine · 2026 · PMID 42264967

Rank103.8

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Tele-robot-assisted prostatectomy: the first systematic review and single-arm meta-analysis.

Journal of robotic surgery · 2026 · PMID 42663763

Telesurgery has emerged as an important frontier technology for overcoming geographical barriers and enabling the decentralization of high-quality medical resources. However, the evidence for tele-robot-assisted prostatectomy remains limited to small-sample case series, lacking systematic quantitative synthesis of perioperative outcomes. PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were systematically searched from inception to July 2026. Studies reporting perioperative outcomes of tele-robot-assisted prost…

Rank103.5

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: benefitCorrection flagged

Metastasis-directed therapy and standard of care versus standard of care for oligometastatic prostate cancer (WOLVERINE): a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis from the X-MET collaboration.

The Lancet. Oncology · 2026 · PMID 41643695

Rank103.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Hugo™ RAS versus da Vinci® for robot-assisted radical prostatectomy in localized prostate cancer: a GRADE-assessed systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective comparative studies.

BMC surgery · 2026 · PMID 42332746

Rank103.0

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: null

Single-port vs. multi-port robotic radical prostatectomy: an umbrella review of meta-analyses.

Journal of robotic surgery · 2026 · PMID 42579231

Single-port robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy (SP-RARP) has emerged as a minimally invasive alternative to conventional multi-port RARP (MP-RARP), aiming to reduce surgical access morbidity while maintaining oncological and functional outcomes. We performed an umbrella review to synthesize and critically appraise the available meta-analytic evidence comparing SP-RARP and MP-RARP. A systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CENTRAL was conducted from inception to December 2025. Meta-analyses comparing SP-RARP w…

Rank102.9

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based tools in the diagnosis and management of prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases · 2026 · PMID 41388186

New Research Last 24 Months301 records

Rank112.0

Clinical guideline or consensus statement

Guideline of guidelines: lutetium-177 PSMA radioligand therapy in advanced prostate cancer.

BJU international · 2026 · PMID 41979224

Rank112.0

Clinical guideline or consensus statementResult signal: harm

Management of individuals with heterozygous germline pathogenic variants in ATM: A clinical practice resource of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG).

Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics · 2025 · PMID 39636577

Rank110.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test for prostate cancer screening.

The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2026 · PMID 42134821

Rank108.7

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: null

High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Versus Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy for Localized Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Oncologic and Functional Outcomes.

Annals of surgical oncology · 2026 · PMID 42283919

Rank108.6

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Prostate Imaging Standards for Screening Magnetic Resonance Imaging (PRISM): International Consensus Recommendations.

JAMA oncology · 2026 · PMID 42275039

Rank106.4

Systematic review or meta-analysis

The efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: A meta-analysis and reconstructed individual patient data analysis.

Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026 · PMID 41672480

Rank105.5

Systematic review or meta-analysis

The impact of different exercise modalities on health-related quality of life in patients with prostate cancer undergoing androgen deprivation therapy: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Frontiers in oncology · 2026 · PMID 42676391

Rank105.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

The role of stereotactic radiosurgery for prostate cancer spine metastasis - impact on hormone sensitivity and treatment outcomes: a systematic review of literature.

Neurosurgical review · 2026 · PMID 42678449

Rank104.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Postdiagnostic Red Meat, Poultry, and Egg Intake and Risk of Prostate Cancer Progression and Mortality: A Systematic Review.

The Journal of urology · 2026 · PMID 42607142

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to systematically review evidence on associations of postdiagnostic consumption of red meat, poultry, and eggs with prostate cancer outcomes among men diagnosed with prostate cancer. METHODS: We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Embase through July 17, 2025, with no date restrictions. Eligible studies included prospective cohorts examining postdiagnostic consumption of red meat, poultry, and eggs in relation to prostate cancer progression (eg, biochemical recurren…

Rank103.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Bridging the Gap from "Paper" to "Patient": An Overview and Quality Assessment of PET/CT-Based Radiomics for Prostate Cancer Using the Updated RQS 2.0.

Academic radiology · 2026 · PMID 42315441

Rank102.4

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Comparison of the effects of exercise-based interventions on cardiometabolic health and fatigue in men with prostate cancer receiving androgen deprivation therapy: A network meta-analysis.

Asia-Pacific journal of oncology nursing · 2026 · PMID 42022295

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of exercise-based interventions on cardiometabolic health and fatigue in men with prostate cancer receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). METHODS: A comprehensive search for Randomized controlled studies (RCTs) was performed in Pubmed, Embase, EBSCO, Web of science, Scopus, Cochrane library, Wanfang database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP from their inception to May 2025. Meta-analysis and network meta-analysis was then conducted for each outcome using R…

Rank101.5

Systematic review or meta-analysis

World journal of urology · 2026 · PMID 42671634

Rank100.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Use of androgen suppression therapy at salvage radiotherapy in recurrent prostate cancer: a systematic review with meta-analysis.

Frontiers in urology · 2026 · PMID 42676340

INTRODUCTION: Salvage radiotherapy (SRT) is one of the treatment options after progression following surgical management, with effectiveness varying according to patient risk and clinical-pathological characteristics. OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of SRT alone versus SRT combined with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in men with biochemical recurrence. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review with advanced searches in MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE, SCOPUS, Cochrane CENTRAL, and LILACS for the period 1990-20…

Rank100.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Lutetium-177-PSMA radioligand therapy in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer: A systematic review of efficacy, safety, and combination strategies.

Urologic oncology · 2026 · PMID 42471290

Lutetium-177-labeled prostate-specific membrane antigen radioligand therapy (¹⁷⁷Lu-PSMA-RLT) emerged as a novel treatment for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) following FDA approval in 2022. Its role in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) is under active investigation. This systematic review synthesizes evidence on the efficacy, safety, and combinatorial strategies involving ¹⁷⁷Lu-PSMA-RLT in mHSPC. PubMed, Embase, ClinicalTrials.gov, and WHO ICTRP were searched for studies (…

Rank99.6

Randomized controlled trial

Sequential Enzalutamide-Docetaxel Versus Abiraterone-Docetaxel Therapy in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Subanalysis of the ENABLE Study.

International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association · 2026 · PMID 42598868

BACKGROUND: Docetaxel (DTX) is commonly employed in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) following failure of androgen receptor signaling inhibitors (ARSIs). However, the impact of prior ARSI treatment on the efficacy of subsequent DTX therapy remains unclear. This study aimed to compare oncological outcomes between enzalutamide (ENZ)-DTX and abiraterone acetate plus prednisolone (ABI)-DTX sequential treatment strategies in patients with CRPC. METHODS: The ENABLE study for PCa was an investigat…

Rank98.9

Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

The Lowest PSA Level Achieved Before CRPC Predicts Abiraterone Response But Not Enzalutamide Response in Metastatic CRPC.

The Prostate · 2026 · PMID 42391446

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to clarify whether variations in the lowest prostate‑specific antigen (PSA) level prior to the development of castration‑resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) influence the efficacy of subsequent enzalutamide (ENZ) or abiraterone plus prednisolone (ABI) therapy in metastatic CRPC. METHODS: Using data from the ENABLE study, an investigator‑initiated, multicenter, randomized controlled trial, patients were retrospectively categorized into two groups based on the lowest PSA level prior to metas…

Rank98.6

Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

Enzalutamide Plus Metformin Versus Enzalutamide Alone in Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer: A Randomized Phase 2 Trial (SAKK 08/14).

European urology oncology · 2026 · PMID 41862335

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study is to determine whether the addition of metformin to enzalutamide can improve the outcomes of men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). METHODS: From 2016 to 2021, patients with mCRPC were randomized to receive enzalutamide plus metformin or enzalutamide alone, with body mass index (BMI) as a stratification factor. Primary end point was disease-control rate (DCR) at 15 mo. Secondary end points included event-free survival (EFS), time to prostate…

Rank98.2

Randomized controlled trialResult signal: benefit

Clinically relevant endpoints and quality-of-life outcomes with darolutamide in patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer: Analyses of the phase III ARASENS trial.

European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990) · 2026 · PMID 42378957

BACKGROUND: Patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) require long-term treatment to delay progression and improve survival, while minimizing adverse events or negative impact on symptoms (e.g. pain) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). In ARASENS (NCT02799602), darolutamide plus androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and docetaxel significantly improved overall survival (primary endpoint) versus placebo plus ADT and docetaxel. We report clinically relevant endpoints and HRQoL in ARASENS…

Rank98.1

Randomized controlled trial

Integrating large language models into prostate cancer training: evidence from comparative benchmarking and a pilot randomized trial.

BMC medical education · 2026 · PMID 42271392

BACKGROUND: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly explored as tools for medical education. However, evidence remains limited regarding their pedagogical quality and real-world utility in prostate cancer teaching within urology residency training. METHODS: We conducted a two-phase study. Phase 1 benchmarked three LLMs (ChatGPT-4o, DeepSeek R1, and Gemini 2.0) on a structured 40-item prostate cancer education question bank using standardized prompts and blinded expert ratings. Phase 2 implemented the top-perf…

Rank98.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Few prostate cancer guidelines are of high methodologic quality and therefore trustworthy.

Canadian Urological Association journal = Journal de l'Association des urologues du Canada · 2026 · PMID 42678683

INTRODUCTION: Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy among men worldwide, underscoring the importance of high-quality, evidence-based clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) in this field. We conducted this study to evaluate the methodologic quality of prostate cancer CPGs. METHODS: Following a prespecified protocol, we conducted a cross-sectional study of English-language prostate cancer CPGs published between 2014 and 2024, searching Medline (Ovid), Trip, EMBASE, ECRI, Guidelines International Network, and Gui…

Rank96.5

Randomized controlled trial

Impact of leuprolide and goserelin on androgen suppression and adverse events in patients with prostate cancer.

The Canadian journal of urology · 2026 · PMID 42682049

BACKGROUND: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is widely employed in the management of advanced prostate cancer, with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonists such as leuprolide and goserelin being common options. However, pharmacological and metabolic differences between these agents may affect the efficacy of hormonal suppression and adverse event profiles. This study compared the effects of leuprolide (22.5 and 45 mg) and goserelin (10.8 mg) on prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and testosterone reduct…

Rank94.2

Randomized controlled trial

Voxel-based Analysis Identifies New Functional Subregions Predictive of Xerostomia After Head and Neck Cancer Radiation Therapy.

International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics · 2026 · PMID 41707993

PURPOSE: Xerostomia is a common and debilitating toxicity following head and neck cancer radiation therapy (RT). Although adaptive RT (ART) strategies can reduce mean parotid gland (PG) dose, clinical trials have shown limited benefit in reducing xerostomia, suggesting global dose metrics may be insufficient. Voxel-based analysis (VBA) enables assessing local dose-toxicity relationships and may identify symptom-related subregions (SRS) more predictive of toxicity. This study aimed to identify xerostomia-associated …

Preclinical Research92 records

Rank89.2

Randomized clinical study

A Phase 2 Study of Berzosertib in Combination with Carboplatin compared to Docetaxel with Carboplatin in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer.

Cancer research communications · 2026 · PMID 42636061

PURPOSE: Inhibitors of the Ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR) protein kinase, a critical component of the DNA damage repair response, have synergistic anti-cancer activity with platinum compounds in preclinical models. We therefore conducted a Phase 2 study of the ATR inhibitor berzosertib+carboplatin vs. docetaxel+carboplatin in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients previously treated with at least one androgen receptor pathway inhibitor and taxane underwent mand…

Rank85.0

Randomized clinical study

Evaluation of CNS xenograft brain tumour response to MRI-guided focused ultrasound in combination with radiation therapy.

British journal of cancer · 2026 · PMID 42298002

BACKGROUND: In recent years, treating solid tumours with focused ultrasound (FUS) has emerged as a novel therapeutic technique because of its noninvasive nature. Recent work has demonstrated the ability of focused ultrasound-stimulated microbubble (FUS + MB) treatments to enhance radiation effects on tumours significantly. In this study, a rabbit model of brain metastasis was used to evaluate the therapeutic effect of FUS + MB-based therapy and radiation therapy (XRT). METHODS: Experiments were performed with brain…

Rank79.5

Phase II clinical trialResult signal: null

Neoadjuvant pamiparib plus abiraterone and androgen deprivation therapy for high-risk/very high-risk localized prostate cancer: an open-label, single-arm, phase 2 study.

Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases · 2026 · PMID 41454188

BACKGROUND: Androgen receptor signaling inhibition (ARPI) increases genomic instability of double-stranded DNA breaks, and co-inhibition of androgen receptor (AR) and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) induces synthetic lethality in multiple preclinical models. This phase II study evaluated the efficacy, safety, and quality-of-life (QoL) impact of neoadjuvant pamiparib plus abiraterone and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in patients with high-risk or very high-risk localized prostate cancer (HRPCa/VHRPCa). METHO…

Rank77.0

Phase II clinical trial

Single-cell imaging analysis, therapeutic modeling and a Phase Ib trial validate BCL-2 as a target across heterogeneous castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026 · PMID 42067541

BCL-2 has been implicated in prostate cancer (PCa) progression and development of castration-resistant disease (CRPC); however, it remains unclear how the BCL-2- and AR-expressing PCa cell populations evolve across the PCa continuum, how AR molecularly regulates BCL-2 and whether BCL-2 represents a common therapeutic target in heterogeneous CRPC. Here we first show the selective induction of BCL-2 by AR pathway inhibitors (ARPIs). Vectra-based quantitative multiplex immunofluorescence (qmIF) and image mass cytometr…

Rank65.0

Prospective cohort study

Why Has Prostate Cancer Research Lagged Behind? Advocacy, Biology, and the Road Ahead.

Clinical genitourinary cancer · 2026 · PMID 42669222

Prostate cancer is the second most common malignancy in men worldwide and a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, yet the trajectory of its research has consistently lagged behind cancers of comparable burden. This Perspective argues that the persistent gap is not primarily a consequence of biological difficulty, but the compounded product of structural forces: a late and fragmented patient advocacy movement shaped by stigma and norms of masculinity; sustained disparities in public research funding; decades of…

Rank46.7

Other PubMed-indexed publication

An Experimental Study on the Widely Used Chemotherapeutic Docetaxel: Does It Induce Inflammation, Ischemia, and Neurodegeneration in the Eye, Causing Dry Eye and Blurred Vision in a Real-Life Scenario?

Current eye research · 2026 · PMID 41123016

PURPOSE: Chemotherapy protocols for lung, breast, and prostate cancer include Docetaxel (DTX). Several case series have reported ophthalmic side effects of DTX, such as epiphora and blurred vision, which significantly affect quality of life. This experimental study aims to investigate the potential histopathological impacts of DTX on ocular structures. METHODS: A DTX-treated group consisting of male Wistar rats aged 6 to 8 months (n = 7) received intraperitoneal administration of 10 mg/kg DTX three times on days 0,…

Rank45.0

Other PubMed-indexed publication

Histoprotective and antiproliferative effects of Raloxifene treatment during prostate carcinogenesis in rats.

Toxicology and applied pharmacology · 2026 · PMID 42447936

The ability of prostate cancer to progress to castration-resistant disease underscores the importance of study on adjuvant therapies. Recent research suggests estrogen receptors as possible therapeutic targets in neoplasias and they can be modulated by drugs such as Raloxifene. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of Raloxifene therapy during prostatic carcinogenesis through exposure to the carcinogen N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU). To this end, male Fisher 344 rats underwent a tumor induction pr…

Rank45.0

Other PubMed-indexed publication

Comparison of Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy and Fixed-Field Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy for Canine Prostatic Carcinoma Using a 4.3 Gy × 10-Fraction Protocol: A Dosimetric Planning Study.

Veterinary and comparative oncology · 2026 · PMID 42037153

Advancements in radiotherapy, including intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT), have reduced radiation-induced toxicities, enabling hypofractionated protocols to be feasible for treating intrapelvic tumours in dogs. This study aimed to determine the optimal planning technique for canine prostatic carcinoma using a radiotherapy protocol delivering 43 Gy in 10 fractions. Four techniques were compared-two full arcs (2FA), two partial arcs (2PA), 9-field IMRT (9F) and 7…

Rank45.0

Other PubMed-indexed publication

The effects of long-term aerobic exercise on prostate cancer-induced adipose tissue wasting: Browning to the rescue?

Cellular signalling · 2026 · PMID 42349705

The loss of adipose tissue has been emerging as a key component of cancer-related body wasting. One of the underlying causes suggested for this loss is the browning of the white adipose tissue. However, exercise, a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer-related body wasting, might also promote white adipose tissue browning. It remains unclear how similar or distinct the browning process and its effects are when triggered by exercise in cancer compared to cancer alone. This study investigated the retroperitoneal …

Rank45.0

Other PubMed-indexed publication

Biocompatibility and Toxicity Evaluation of an Elastin-Based Nanogel Carrier for Enzalutamide: Comprehensive Characterization, Controlled Release and Assessment in Zebrafish Embryos.

Journal of applied toxicology : JAT · 2026 · PMID 41655981

Nanomedicine combines nanotechnology with healthcare, offering transformative possibilities in drug delivery and targeted therapies. The unique properties of nanomaterials-such as their high surface area owing to their microscopic size-make them especially valuable in treating various diseases. Nanogels-polymeric nanomaterials which are designed to be modular-can be enabled to carry both water-soluble and fat-soluble drugs. They enable controlled drug release, protect against metabolic degradation and ensure target…

Rank45.0

Other PubMed-indexed publication

Exosomal lncRNA SILC1 from bicalutamide-activated mesenchymal stem cells promotes prostate cancer survival and bicalutamide resistance via the miR-577/RHOA axis.

Journal of translational medicine · 2026 · PMID 42001081

BACKGROUND: The development of resistance to anti-androgen therapies, such as bicalutamide (Bic), poses a significant challenge in the treatment of prostate cancer (PCa), and the intercellular complex mechanisms are difficult to comprehend. Emerging evidence suggests that stem cells and their secreted exosomes (Exo) contribute to tumor microenvironment-mediated drug resistance. However, the role of these vesicles in promoting bicalutamide resistance in prostate cancer remains elusive. This work aimed to clarify the…

Rank45.0

Other PubMed-indexed publication

Annona crassiflora seed extract modulates histological and molecular markers associated with prostate cancer progression in TRAMP mice.

Journal of molecular histology · 2026 · PMID 42678444

Prostate cancer ranks second among the most common malignant neoplasms in men worldwide. Fruit extracts with potential anti-prostate cancer properties have gained increasing attention, with the most notable belonging to the Annonaceae family, including Araticum (Annona crassiflora Mart). In this study, we aimed to evaluate the chemopreventive and anti-inflammatory potential of Araticum seed extract (Annona crassiflora Mart) on the ventral prostate lobe of Transgenic Adenocarcinoma of the Mouse Prostate (TRAMP) mode…

Rank33.8

Preclinical or laboratory study

Incomplete thermal ablation accelerates local and systemic tumor progression in an immunocompetent prostate cancer model.

International journal of hyperthermia : the official journal of European Society for Hyperthermic Oncology, North American Hyperthermia Group · 2026 · PMID 41813588

BACKGROUND: This study aims to evaluate the effects of sublethal hyperthermia on tumor growth of residual tumors in an immune-competent mouse model of prostate cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study progressed through sequential experiments to assess the effects of incomplete thermal ablation, starting with in vitro tests of sublethal heat on Myc-CaP cell growth, followed by in vivo tumor growth studies on FVB mice (n = 84), proteomic analysis of residual tumors, immunohistochemical evaluation of markers of cellu…

Rank33.0

Preclinical or laboratory study

Identification and verification of immunogenic cell death-related signatures derived from bone metastasis of prostate cancer based on multi-omics and machine learning algorithms.

Computational biology and chemistry · 2026 · PMID 42419189

BACKGROUND: Prostate cancer (PCa) is a prevalent urological malignancy in men, with bone metastasis occurring in the majority of patients, often leading to poor clinical outcomes. Despite its clinical significance, reliable prognostic biomarkers for metastatic PCa remain limited. Immunogenic cell death (ICD), a regulated form of cell death, has emerged as a key modulator of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and a potential determinant of the immunotherapy response. However, the functional role of ICD in PCa …

Rank30.0

Preclinical or laboratory study

Face/off: phase-specific modeling of lineage plasticity using near-patient models in genitourinary cancers.

Gene · 2026 · PMID 42398842

Lineage plasticity has emerged as a fundamental mechanism of adaptive therapy resistance in prostate and bladder cancers, enabling malignant cells to bypass lineage-restricted dependencies through non-genetic reprogramming. However, plasticity is often studied as a terminal phenotype rather than as a dynamic process that unfolds over time. The endpoint-centered view can obscure the early and potentially reversible events that initiate identity loss, as well as the intermediate states through which resistant phenoty…

Rank30.0

Preclinical or laboratory study

METTL5-mediated rRNA modification controls prostate cancer progression through the IRF7/DNA2 axis and mitophagy regulation.

Oncogene · 2026 · PMID 42437825

Prostate cancer progression to advanced disease is accompanied by extensive metabolic rewiring, yet the upstream regulatory mechanisms remain incompletely defined. Here, we showed that the rRNA m6A methyltransferase METTL5 was progressively upregulated during prostate cancer progression and was associated with poor patient survival. Mechanistically, METTL5 catalyzed N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification at A1832 of 18S rRNA, thereby enhancing overall translational output and promoting prostate cancer cell prolifera…

Rank30.0

Preclinical or laboratory study

Preclinical evaluation of PSMA-targeted ultrasound contrast agents in an orthotopic model of prostate cancer in rabbits.

Bioactive materials · 2027 · PMID 42621251

The localization of prostate cancer by ultrasound remains limited by the lack of B-mode conspicuity and the confinement of clinically approved microbubbles (MBs) to the vasculature. This precludes differentiating viable tumor, necrotic tissue, and margin-associated disease. We investigated prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted lipid-shelled perfluorocarbon nanobubbles (PSMA-NBs) in an orthotopic rabbit model using a clinical contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) system. We implanted PSMA-positive PC3pip-…

Rank30.0

Preclinical or laboratory studyResult signal: null

Alendronate-conjugated liposome for targeting of osteoblastic prostate cancer: evaluation of binding to bone matrix and in vivo targeting in a mouse model.

Journal of drug targeting · 2026 · PMID 41729623

Prostate cancer bone metastases are predominantly osteoblastic, placing them in a unique position for bone-targeted drug delivery. Bone-targeted nanoparticles may be able to accumulate in aberrant bone formation inside these osteoblastic tumours, but this has not been explored. Here, we developed an alendronate-conjugated liposome (Lip-Cy5.5-Aln) encapsulating the near-infra-red dye Cy5.5 as a model payload to evaluate targeting. Binding to bone matrix was assessed in vitro using hydroxyapatite, MC3T3-E1-derived os…

Rank30.0

Preclinical or laboratory study

Molecular understanding and clinical aspects of adoptive cellular immunotherapy in prostate cancer.

Critical reviews in oncology/hematology · 2026 · PMID 42208633

Adoptive cellular immunotherapy (ACT) is a milestone therapeutic strategy that directly eliminates tumor cells or enhances anti-tumor immunity through the infusion of activated and expanded autologous lymphocytes in vitro. ACT has shown great potential as a treatment strategy for diverse malignant hematopoietic tumors. However, in solid tumors, this success has not been replicated due to the immunosuppressive mechanism within the tumor microenvironment (TME), low tumor antigenicity, infiltration of suppressive immu…

Rank30.0

Preclinical or laboratory study

BiP-engaging xanthones from the mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana) induce androgen receptor degradation in prostate cancer cells.

Biochemical pharmacology · 2026 · PMID 42435780

Currently approved androgen receptor (AR) inhibitors for prostate cancer (PCa) target the ligand-binding domain (LBD) of the AR. These compounds cannot inhibit androgen receptor splice variant 7 (AR-V7), a truncated form of AR that is constitutively active in advanced PCa. Our previous studies demonstrated that α-mangostin, a xanthone derived from the fruit of Garcinia mangostana, promotes degradation of AR and AR-V7 through modulation of the chaperone binding immunoglobulin protein (BiP) in vitro and in vivo. Mang…

Rank30.0

Preclinical or laboratory study

HCAR2 inhibits prostate cancer invasion and metastasis by regulating cAMP signaling pathway.

Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research · 2026 · PMID 41312963

Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most prevalent malignancies affecting men and a significant contributor to the rising global cancer-related mortality rate. Nevertheless, intricate processes underlying invasion and metastasis remain largely unclear. The objective of our research was to explore the function and underlying mechanisms of hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2 (HCAR2) in the invasion and metastasis of PCa. We analyzed differentially expressed genes in PCa through transcriptome sequencing. Then, we conduc…

Rank30.0

Preclinical or laboratory study

Eradication of pre-clinical prostate tumors by a lentiviral vector-based immunotherapy.

Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2026 · PMID 42598525

Prostate cancer kills ≈350,000 yearly. While localized cases have 99% five-year survival, metastatic prostate cancer is hard to treat, with few options for tumors resistant to androgen deprivation. To leverage the immune system to fight prostate cancer, we developed a non-integrative lentiviral vector, namely "Lenti-PROST-02", which encodes clusters of T cell immunodominant regions of human prostatic acid phosphatase and prostate-specific antigen. Immunotherapy with Lenti-PROST-02 in a preclinical virulent prostate…

Rank30.0

Preclinical or laboratory study

Preclinical evaluation of itraconazole in docetaxel-resistant prostate cancer xenograft models.

European journal of pharmacology · 2026 · PMID 42567299

Docetaxel (DTX) resistance remains a major barrier in metastatic prostate cancer, often driven by ABCB1 efflux and activation of survival pathways. We investigated the therapeutic impact of itraconazole (ITZ), a multifunctional antifungal agent with activity against Hedgehog/GLI signalling and ABCB1 efflux, in DTX-resistant prostate cancer xenograft models (PC3R and DU145R). Tumour growth was analysed longitudinally, metastatic burden assessed by hCD44-positive micrometastasis enumeration, and pharmacodynamic respo…

Rank30.0

Preclinical or laboratory study

PGC1α expression using targeted redox-responsive nanogels protects against prostate cancer in vivo.

Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2026 · PMID 42372825

Prostate cancer is among the most frequently diagnosed cancers in men in the UK and US. Increasing evidence implicates metabolic dysregulation as a critical driver of disease progression. Central to this process is peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α) that promotes oxidative metabolism and mitochondrial biogenesis while inhibiting metastatic programs. This work investigated the therapeutic potential of PGC1α overexpression via mRNA delivery. Here, we report a prostate-specifi…

Rank30.0

Preclinical or laboratory study

Molecular regulation of estrogen receptors and recent advances on ERα36 splice variant in prostate cancer.

Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2026 · PMID 42620843

Prostate cancer is the second most common cause of cancer in men worldwide, and first-line therapies for metastatic disease include androgen deprivation therapy and androgen receptor pathway inhibitors, in addition to chemotherapy for selected patients. Although these strategies improve patient prognosis, progression to castration-resistant prostate cancer and therapeutic resistance remain clinically significant. In this review, we will explore published and new evidence of the expression and function of estrogen r…

Promising Experimental Therapies69 records

Rank99.2

Randomized controlled trial

A Phase 2, Randomized, Controlled Trial of Best Systemic Therapy Versus Best Systemic Therapy with Definitive Treatment of the Primary Tumor in Metastatic Prostate Cancer.

European urology · 2026 · PMID 41833492

Rank98.6

Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

Enzalutamide Plus Metformin Versus Enzalutamide Alone in Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer: A Randomized Phase 2 Trial (SAKK 08/14).

European urology oncology · 2026 · PMID 41862335

Rank98.2

Randomized controlled trialResult signal: mixed

Patient-reported outcomes in castration-resistant prostate cancer with bone metastases treated with radium-223 with or without olaparib.

Cancer · 2026 · PMID 42319132

BACKGROUND: The combination of olaparib plus radium-223 improved progression-free survival in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer with bone metastases (BM) in the multicenter, randomized, phase 2 COMRADE trial (NCT03317391). Here, the patient-reported outcome (PRO) analysis of this trial is reported. METHODS: Patients were randomized 1:1 to olaparib plus radium-223 (arm A) or radium-223 alone (arm B). PROs were assessed via the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Prostate (FACT-P) and …

Rank98.1

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Prehabilitation models in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy: A scoping review.

PloS one · 2026 · PMID 42659628

Rank97.0

Randomized controlled trial

Biochemical Recurrence Irradiation or Observation (BRIO) in patients with prostate cancer: protocol for a randomised control trial.

BJU international · 2026 · PMID 42117295

BACKGROUND: The optimal management of biochemical recurrence (BCR) after radical prostatectomy (RP) remains controversial, particularly in the absence of clinical or radiographic evidence of disease. Salvage radiotherapy (SRT) remains standard of care, but it is unclear whether SRT benefits patients when modern imaging with a multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) and prostate-specific membrane antigen-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PSMA-PET/CT) are negative for local recurrence. Retr…

Rank97.0

Randomized controlled trial

Effect of [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET-CT in the diagnosis of prostate cancer in men with equivocal or clinically high-risk non-suspicious findings on multiparametric MRI (PRIMARY2): a multicentre, non-inferiority, phase 3, randomised controlled trial.

The Lancet. Oncology · 2026 · PMID 42269655

BACKGROUND: MRI is recommended for men with clinical suspicion of significant prostate cancer. Those with high clinical risk but non-suspicious or equivocal MRI often undergo prostate biopsy, but have a low likelihood of clinically significant prostate cancer, and a high incidence of clinically insignificant prostate cancer. We aimed to investigate whether gallium-68 ([68Ga]Ga)-prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-11 PET-CT could reduce the number of people requiring prostate biopsy and limit biopsy to targete…

Rank96.6

Randomized controlled trial

Reduced Length of ADT and ARTA With XRT in High-Risk Prostate Cancer (RELAX): A Randomised Controlled Trial.

Clinical oncology (Royal College of Radiologists (Great Britain)) · 2026 · PMID 42567090

AIM: To assess the efficacy of a short, intensified regimen of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and androgen receptor-targeted agent (ARTA) with curative-intent external beam radiotherapy (XRT) for high-risk prostate cancer (HRPCa) staged with prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The RELAX (Reduced Length of ADT and ARTA with XRT in high-risk prostate cancer) trial is a multicentre, phase II randomised non-inferiority trial comparing 9 months of ADT and 6 months of ARTA agains…

Rank96.4

Randomized controlled trial

SBRT plus abiraterone acetate and ADT versus abiraterone acetate and ADT in oligometastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (ARTO): long-term, unplanned overall survival analysis of an open-label, randomised, phase 2 trial.

The Lancet. Oncology · 2026 · PMID 42372744

BACKGROUND: The ARTO trial showed improved early clinical outcomes by adding metastasis-directed therapy (MDT), through stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), to abiraterone acetate and ADT in oligometastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer. The aim of this analysis is to explore the long-term impact of MDT on overall survival. METHODS: ARTO was a multicentre, phase 2, randomised trial conducted in 16 academic and community centres across Italy. All patients included were aged 18 years or older and had a diagnos…

Rank95.9

Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

Randomized phase II trial of nivolumab and ipilimumab with or without stereotactic body radiation therapy in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: the CheckPRO, CA209-8TY trial.

Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026 · PMID 42493213

BACKGROUND: Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is among the leading causes of cancer-related mortality in men worldwide. Treatment options for mCRPC typically include chemotherapy and androgen receptor pathway inhibitors. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have demonstrated a limited effect in mCRPC. We hypothesized that the addition of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) could enhance immune responses and improve treatment outcomes. METHODS: Patients with mCRPC who had received at leas…

Rank95.5

Randomized controlled trial

Overall Survival of Patients With PSA-Recurrent Prostate Cancer: Long-Term Analysis of a Randomized Phase 2 Trial of pTVG-HP DNA Vaccine Versus Placebo.

Clinical genitourinary cancer · 2026 · PMID 42303538

BACKGROUND: We previously reported results from a randomized phase 2 trial evaluating a DNA vaccine (pTVG-HP) encoding prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) versus placebo (GM-CSF vaccine adjuvant alone) in patients with PSA-recurrent, nonmetastatic, noncastrate prostate cancer (NCT01341652). The primary endpoint of 2-year metastasis-free survival (MFS) was not different between the treatment arms. This trial was reopened for long-term evaluation. METHODS AND RESULTS: The median follow-up for long-term overall survival …

Rank92.0

Randomized controlled trial

Multiparametric assessment of bone health in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer patients receiving androgen deprivation + enzalutamide ± zoledronic acid (BonEnza study).

Bone · 2026 · PMID 42035902

Androgen deprivation therapy has a negative effect on bone mineral density and trabecular bone score in prostate cancer patients. The addition of androgen receptor pathway inhibitors can result in worsened skeletal fragility. BonEnza is a prospective phase II trial in which metastatic hormone sensitive prostate cancer patients were randomized to receive androgen deprivation therapy plus enzalutamide with (EZ arm) or without (E arm) the addition of zoledronic acid. Bone quantity and quality parameters were evaluated…

Rank92.0

Randomized controlled trial

Durable responses to triplet immunotherapy targeting TGF-β, PD-L1, and tumor antigen, with an IL-15 receptor superagonist in mismatch repair proficient castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026 · PMID 42498485

BACKGROUND: Immune checkpoint blockade is minimally active in unselected castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and does not reproducibly yield durable decreases in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels. METHODS: The Quick Efficacy Seeking Trial was designed to employ a combination of agents to initiate an immune response (with BN-Brachyury vaccine), potentiate that response (with nogapendekin-alfa inbakicept (NAI), an interleukin (IL)-15 receptor superagonist), and reduce or eliminate immunosuppressive entit…

Rank92.0

Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

Health-related Quality of Life Outcomes of Salvage Metastasis-directed Treatment Versus Elective Nodal Treatment for Oligorecurrent Nodal Prostate Cancer: A Secondary Analysis of the Phase 2, Open-label PEACE V-STORM Randomized Trial.

European urology oncology · 2026 · PMID 41565552

For prostate cancer patients with metachronous nodal oligorecurrences detected by positron emission tomography, the randomized phase 2 PEACE V-STORM trial (NCT03569241) demonstrated that, compared with metastasis-directed therapy (MDT), elective nodal pelvic radiotherapy (ENRT) in combination with 6 mo of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) improved locoregional disease control and metastasis-free survival. In the 190 evaluable patients (MDT: 97 and ENRT: 93) of the 196 randomized in the study, health-related qualit…

Rank85.3

Phase II clinical trial

Single-Fraction Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Localized Prostate Cancer: A Nonrandomized Clinical Trial.

JAMA oncology · 2026 · PMID 42313395

IMPORTANCE: Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), most commonly delivered in 5 fractions, is an established treatment option for patients with localized prostate cancer. While efforts to further reduce treatment to fewer than 5 fractions are ongoing, the efficacy and tolerability of single high-dose SBRT remain to be established. OBJECTIVE: To determine in men with localized prostate cancer whether a single-fraction SBRT can be a valid treatment option in terms of biochemical disease control and safety. DESIGN, SE…

Rank85.0

Randomized clinical study

Single-session pelvic prehabilitation improves continence recovery after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: a prospective comparative study.

Journal of robotic surgery · 2026 · PMID 42474612

Post-robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) urinary incontinence (PPI) represents the functional complication with the greatest negative impact on the patient's global quality of life (QoL). Although the role of Pelvic Floor Muscle Training (PFMT) is widely established in perioperative clinical management, it is mostly delivered on demand after surgery. This study primarily assesses the clinical efficacy of pelvic prehabilitation when systematically implemented compared with usual care. This is a prospective, …

Rank85.0

Randomized clinical study

[Focal Therapy for Prostate Cancer in Germany: Progress or Illusion?].

Aktuelle Urologie · 2026 · PMID 42673976

Over the past two decades, focal therapy for localized prostate cancer has evolved from an experimental approach into a structured treatment option within the framework of risk-adapted prostate cancer management. The aim of this article is to provide a critical appraisal of the current role of focal therapy in light of contemporary guidelines, available evidence, and health-economic considerations. The introduction of multiparametric MRI and MRI-targeted fusion biopsy has substantially improved the accurate identif…

Rank83.4

Phase II clinical trial

Consolidative therapy for PSMA-avid lesions after 3 cycles of apalutamide plus androgen deprivation in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer: A prospective phase 2 single-arm trial.

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Prostate Imaging Standards for Screening Magnetic Resonance Imaging (PRISM): International Consensus Recommendations.

JAMA oncology · 2026 · PMID 42275039

Rank103.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Hugo™ RAS versus da Vinci® for robot-assisted radical prostatectomy in localized prostate cancer: a GRADE-assessed systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective comparative studies.

BMC surgery · 2026 · PMID 42332746

Rank99.0

Randomized controlled trial

MRI-informed urethral preservation strategy for early continence recovery after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: a multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Journal of robotic surgery · 2026 · PMID 42645643

To evaluate whether an MRI-informed urethral preservation strategy based on preoperative membranous urethral length (MUL) and prostatic apical morphology improves early continence recovery after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP). This multicenter, prospective, randomized, assessor-blinded exploratory trial enrolled 100 patients with biopsy-confirmed prostate cancer scheduled for transperitoneal RARP. Patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to an MRI-informed urethral preservation group or a convent…

Rank98.1

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Prehabilitation models in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy: A scoping review.

PloS one · 2026 · PMID 42659628

Rank97.0

Randomized controlled trial

The Canadian journal of urology · 2026 · PMID 42682049

Rank95.8

Randomized controlled trial

Short-term home-based multimodal prehabilitation for perioperative functional recovery in prefrail and frail older men undergoing radical prostatectomy: a randomized controlled trial.

BMC geriatrics · 2026 · PMID 42736541

BACKGROUND: Prefrailty and frailty are associated with reduced physiological reserve and heightened vulnerability to surgical stress, which may compromise early recovery after radical prostatectomy. Although multimodal prehabilitation may enhance surgical readiness, evidence remains limited for prefrail and frail older men undergoing radical prostatectomy within the short preoperative waiting period typical of routine practice. METHODS: This prospective, outcome-assessor-blinded, parallel-group randomized controlle…

Rank92.0

Randomized controlled trial

Effect of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation in Transrectal Prostate Biopsy: Randomized Trial.

Pain management nursing : official journal of the American Society of Pain Management Nurses · 2026 · PMID 41702754

PURPOSE: This study aimed to assess the impact of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on pain, analgesic consumption, complications and comfort in patients having transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy (TRUSG-PBx). DESIGN AND METHODS: The study population comprised eighty patients who fulfilled the selection criteria in a two-group, single-blind, single-center, prospective, parallel design of a randomized controlled intervention conducted at a university hospital from January 2021 to March 202…

Rank92.0

Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

Prevention of lymphedema after extended pelvic lymphadenectomy using diosmin, bromelain, melilotus, and hesperidin: results from a prospective randomized study (PRELYNE trial).

Journal of robotic surgery · 2026 · PMID 42616207

Extended pelvic lymph node dissection (ePLND) during robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) may impair lymphatic drainage, causing lower-limb and genital lymphedema with a potential negative impact on postoperative recovery and quality of life. This prospective randomized study evaluated whether an oral formulation containing diosmin, bromelain, melilotus, and hesperidin (Meliven Top®) could reduce postoperative lymphatic morbidity after RARP with ePLND. One hundred patients undergoing RARP with ePLND for pros…

Rank85.3

Phase II clinical trial

Single-Fraction Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Localized Prostate Cancer: A Nonrandomized Clinical Trial.

JAMA oncology · 2026 · PMID 42313395

Rank85.0

Randomized clinical study

Single-session pelvic prehabilitation improves continence recovery after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: a prospective comparative study.

Journal of robotic surgery · 2026 · PMID 42474612

Rank85.0

Randomized clinical study

Clinical Impact of Contouring Variability for Prostate Cancer Tumor Boost.

International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics · 2024 · PMID 38925224

PURPOSE: The focal radiation therapy (RT) boost technique was shown in a phase III randomized controlled trial (RCT) to improve prostate cancer outcomes without increasing toxicity. This technique relies on the accurate delineation of prostate tumors on MRI. A recent prospective study evaluated radiation oncologists' accuracy when asked to delineate prostate tumors on MRI and demonstrated high variability in tumor contours. We sought to evaluate the impact of contour variability and inaccuracy on predicted clinical…

Rank83.4

Phase II clinical trial

Consolidative therapy for PSMA-avid lesions after 3 cycles of apalutamide plus androgen deprivation in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer: A prospective phase 2 single-arm trial.

European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2026 · PMID 42252348

Rank81.2

Multicenter clinical study

Clinical Variable-Based Machine Learning for Predicting Early mCRPC Using Exclusively Clinical Variables: Development and Multicenter External Validation.

The Prostate · 2026 · PMID 42391467

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) exhibits heterogeneous progression patterns, with early progression to metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) within 12 months indicating aggressive tumor biology and poor prognosis. Current risk stratification tools (CHAARTED, LATITUDE) offer limited individualized prediction. Machine learning approaches are increasingly applied to predict prostate cancer progression, but most models show modest performance (AUC 0.68-0.…

Rank81.0

Phase II clinical trial

Molecular biomedicine · 2026 · PMID 42566108

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening lacks specificity, particularly within the 4-10 ng/mL diagnostic gray zone, leading to unnecessary prostate biopsies and overtreatment. Here, we developed and validated a streamlined urine DNA methylation assay for non-invasive prostate cancer (PCa) detection and biopsy decision-making. Tissue-based Methylated DNA Immunoprecipitation Sequencing (MeDIP-seq) was integrated with large-scale public methylome cohorts to identify PCa-specific hypermethylated regions. Candidate ma…

Quality Of Life71 records

Rank110.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test for prostate cancer screening.

The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2026 · PMID 42134821

Rank105.8

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: null

Subcapsular versus total orchiectomy in advanced prostate cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical and patient-reported outcomes.

Urologic oncology · 2026 · PMID 42364308

Rank105.5

Systematic review or meta-analysis

The impact of different exercise modalities on health-related quality of life in patients with prostate cancer undergoing androgen deprivation therapy: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Frontiers in oncology · 2026 · PMID 42676391

Rank104.9

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Postoperative survival in patients undergoing surgery for long bone metastases: a systematic review and Meta-analysis of outcomes across primary tumor types.

Journal of bone oncology · 2026 · PMID 42388270

BACKGROUND: Surgery for long bone metastases is performed to alleviate pain, restore function, and improve quality of life. Accurate postoperative survival estimates are essential for surgical planning and shared decision-making, yet no comprehensive synthesis exists across primary tumor types. This systematic review aimed to characterize postoperative survival and its temporal trend in patients undergoing surgery for long bone metastases. METHODS: A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, and…

Rank103.4

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Global research trends and hotspots of urinary incontinence after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: a bibliometric and visual analysis.

Journal of robotic surgery · 2026 · PMID 42616302

Prostate cancer is common, and robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) has become a mainstream surgical option for localized disease. Over the past two decades, research has expanded from oncologic control to functional outcomes. Urinary incontinence remains one of the most frequent postoperative complications, with incidence rates ranging from 4% to 31% even at 12 months. Many patients still require protective pads one year after surgery. More importantly, persistent urinary incontinence significantly affects …

Rank103.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Radiation-induced erectile dysfunction in prostate cancer: A systematic review of pathophysiology, clinical radiobiology, and predictive modeling.

Physica medica : PM : an international journal devoted to the applications of physics to medicine and biology : official journal of the Italian Association of Biomedical Physics (AIFB) · 2026 · PMID 42468493

BACKGROUND: Radiation-induced erectile dysfunction (RIED) remains one of the most prevalent and distressing late toxicities among prostate cancer survivors. Despite advances in radiation therapy techniques, its underlying mechanisms, dose-response relationships, and predictive modeling strategies are not yet fully understood. METHODS: We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase and Cochrane Library from inception to November 10, 2025. Eligible English-language studies included adult prostate cancer p…

Rank102.6

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: benefit

Efficacy, safety, and quality of life outcomes of [177Lu] Lu-PSMA radioligand therapy in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: a GRADE-assessed systematic review, meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis.

International urology and nephrology · 2026 · PMID 42570199

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Lutetium-177-PSMA radioligand therapy ([177Lu] Lu-PSMA) is an emerging targeted treatment for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). We evaluated the comparative efficacy, safety, and quality-of-life (QoL) impact of [177Lu] Lu-PSMA versus contemporary standard-of-care (SOC) regimens in mCRPC. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Adult participants with PSMA-positive mCRPC (n = 2113) randomized to [177Lu] Lu-PS…

Rank102.0

Randomized controlled trial

Evaluating the Impact of Age on Prostate Cancer Overdiagnosis Using Long-Term Follow-Up From the CAP Randomised Trial.

International journal of cancer · 2026 · PMID 42015666

Prostate cancer overdiagnosis is detection of prostate cancer through PSA testing that otherwise would not have been diagnosed within the patient's lifetime. It is a major concern to policymakers due to its impact on quality of life. We used long-term follow-up data from the CAP randomised trial of a one-off screen, and English male competing mortality rates (2021-23), to estimate the impact of age on excess prostate cancer incidence within 15 years ('overdiagnosis') using competing-risks methods. In total, 2249 (1…

Rank100.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Treatment of Hot Flashes in Men With Prostate Cancer Undergoing Androgen Deprivation Therapy.

The Prostate · 2026 · PMID 42542970

Rank98.2

Randomized controlled trialResult signal: benefit

Clinically relevant endpoints and quality-of-life outcomes with darolutamide in patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer: Analyses of the phase III ARASENS trial.

European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990) · 2026 · PMID 42378957

Rank98.1

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Prehabilitation models in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy: A scoping review.

PloS one · 2026 · PMID 42659628

Rank97.0

Randomized controlled trial

Biochemical Recurrence Irradiation or Observation (BRIO) in patients with prostate cancer: protocol for a randomised control trial.

BJU international · 2026 · PMID 42117295

Rank96.6

Randomized controlled trial

Reduced Length of ADT and ARTA With XRT in High-Risk Prostate Cancer (RELAX): A Randomised Controlled Trial.

Clinical oncology (Royal College of Radiologists (Great Britain)) · 2026 · PMID 42567090

Rank96.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Best evidence summary for non-pharmacological management of cancer-related fatigue in patients with prostate cancer.

Geriatric nursing (New York, N.Y.) · 2026 · PMID 42623906

OBJECTIVE: To identify, appraise, and synthesize the best available evidence on non‑pharmacological management of cancer‑related fatigue (CRF) in prostate cancer patients, providing an evidence-based foundation for clinical practice. METHODS: A systematic search for evidence on CRF non-pharmacological management in prostate cancer patients was conducted across evidence-based databases, guideline networks, and professional association websites from database inception to 20 November 2024. Three evidence-trained inves…

Rank92.8

Randomized clinical study

Study Protocol of OLIGOPELVIS 2-GETUG P12: A Randomized Phase 3 Study Comparing Intermittent Androgen-deprivation Therapy with or Without Salvage High-dose Intensity-modulated Radiotherapy to Oligorecurrent Pelvic and Para-aortic Lymph Nodes in Patients with Biochemically Relapsing Prostate Cancer.

European urology oncology · 2026 · PMID 42276876

BACKGROUND: The management of oligorecurrent pelvic lymph nodes in patients with prostate cancer is debated. Intermittent androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT; IADT) is often proposed. Elective pelvis irradiation (ENRT) may prolong tumor control and decrease subsequent spread. OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of a combination of 6 mo of IADT with or without ENRT to treat patients with oligorecurrent pelvic and para-aortic lymph nodes of prostate cancer. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: The OLIGOPELVIS 2-GETUG P12 t…

Rank92.7

Randomized clinical studyResult signal: mixed

Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy vs Moderately Hypofractionated IMRT for Localized Intermediate-Risk Prostate Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

JAMA · 2026 · PMID 42593775

IMPORTANCE: The treatment of prostate cancer with radiotherapy is evolving. How quickly radiotherapy can be delivered, and the relative risks and benefits of such a treatment, is of significant public interest. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) was superior to moderately hypofractionated intensity-modulated radiation therapy (MH-IMRT) in terms of patient-reported urinary irritative/obstructive and bowel quality of life and disease-free survival (DFS). DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICI…

Rank92.6

Randomized clinical study

Ultrahypofractionated linac-based radiotherapy of primary prostate cancer - early results of an Austrian nationwide registry study.

Clinical and translational radiation oncology · 2026 · PMID 42621857

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Ultrahypofractionated radiotherapy (UHFX) has emerged as an attractive alternative to normo- and moderately hypofractionated regimens for localized prostate cancer. However, its broader adoption remains limited by technical challenges and concerns regarding genitourinary toxicity. We established a nationwide Austrian registry of low and intermediate risk localized prostate cancer patients treated with linac-based stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) to provide real-world data about UHF…

Rank92.2

Randomized clinical studyResult signal: benefit

The 24-mo Outcomes from the Noninferiority Randomised Controlled Trial of Surgery for Men with Urodynamic Stress Incontinence After Prostate Surgery (MASTER).

European urology focus · 2026 · PMID 42648940

BACKGROUND: The artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) is the most common surgical procedure for persistent stress urinary incontinence (SUI) after prostate surgery, whereas the male sling is a newer alternative. OBJECTIVE: To compare the 24-mo outcomes of the sling versus the AUS. DESIGN, SETTINGS, AND PARTICIPANTS: This was an unblinded, noninferiority randomised controlled trial including men from 27 UK urological centres with bothersome urodynamic SUI after prostate surgery. INTERVENTION: Men were randomised to rec…

Rank92.0

Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

Health-related Quality of Life Outcomes of Salvage Metastasis-directed Treatment Versus Elective Nodal Treatment for Oligorecurrent Nodal Prostate Cancer: A Secondary Analysis of the Phase 2, Open-label PEACE V-STORM Randomized Trial.

European urology oncology · 2026 · PMID 41565552

Rank92.0

Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

Prevention of lymphedema after extended pelvic lymphadenectomy using diosmin, bromelain, melilotus, and hesperidin: results from a prospective randomized study (PRELYNE trial).

Journal of robotic surgery · 2026 · PMID 42616207

Rank90.0

Randomized clinical studyResult signal: null

Salvage Hypofractionated Accelerated Versus Standard Radiotherapy for Biochemical Recurrence After Radical Prostatectomy: A Phase III Randomized Clinical Trial.

Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2026 · PMID 42641124

PURPOSE: To compare hypofractionated radiotherapy (RT) with conventional RT for treating biochemical recurrence following radical prostatectomy. METHODS: Between 2019 and 2021, 316 patients with intermediate- to high-risk prostate cancer were randomly assigned to receive salvage RT with either 65 Gy in 26 fractions (hypofractionated RT, HYPO) or 66 Gy in 33 fractions (conventional RT, CONV). RT was delivered to the prostate bed, with elective pelvic nodal irradiation performed at the discretion of radiation oncolog…

Rank89.2

Randomized clinical study

PSMA-PET/mpMRI-guided focal dose-escalated stereotactic body radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer: study protocol for a prospective, randomized controlled trial.

Future oncology (London, England) · 2026 · PMID 42613953

Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is effective for localized prostate cancer, yet many recurrences originate from the intraprostatic tumor mass (ITM). Prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography (PSMA-PET) and multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) enable precise ITM localization and support focal dose escalation. This trial assesses whether PSMA-PET/mpMRI-guided boosting during SBRT improves biochemical control without excess toxicity. This is a single-center, prospective, rando…

Rank85.0

Randomized clinical study

Evaluation of triplet therapy combined with robot-assisted cytoreductive prostatectomy for high-volume metastatic prostate cancer: a multicentre randomised controlled trial protocol.

BJU international · 2026 · PMID 42598911

BACKGROUND: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common cancer in men. For patients with high-volume metastatic PCa (mPCa) who are fit for docetaxel, a triplet therapy regimen consisting of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), chemotherapy, and an androgen receptor pathway inhibitor (ARPI) is recommended. Adding local radiotherapy to triplet therapy has been shown to alleviate symptoms and reduce disease progression. However, the benefit of combining triplet therapy with local surgery remains unclear and warrant…

Rank79.5

Phase II clinical trialResult signal: null

Neoadjuvant pamiparib plus abiraterone and androgen deprivation therapy for high-risk/very high-risk localized prostate cancer: an open-label, single-arm, phase 2 study.

Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases · 2026 · PMID 41454188

Rank75.9

Multicenter clinical study

Intermediate clinical endpoints as surrogates for overall survival after salvage prostatectomy.

BJU international · 2026 · PMID 42298374

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate biochemical recurrence-free survival (BRFS) and metastasis-free survival (MFS) as potential intermediate clinical endpoints (ICEs) for overall survival (OS) in patients undergoing salvage radical prostatectomy (sRP). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Evaluable patients were selected from a retrospective dataset, resulting in a cohort of 879 patients with recurrent, non-metastatic, hormone-sensitive prostate cancer treated with sRP at 13 centres. ICE surrogacy was evaluated using a two-stage approach: (i…

Randomized Controlled Trials114 records

Rank110.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test for prostate cancer screening.

The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2026 · PMID 42134821

Rank110.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Effect of Prostate Cancer Screening with Prostate-specific Antigen Testing on Long-term Prostate Cancer-specific Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

European urology · 2026 · PMID 42091407

Rank108.6

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Prostate Imaging Standards for Screening Magnetic Resonance Imaging (PRISM): International Consensus Recommendations.

JAMA oncology · 2026 · PMID 42275039

Rank108.5

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: benefit

First-Line Systemic Treatments of Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer: Updated Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

The Journal of urology · 2026 · PMID 42171515

Rank107.7

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Correlation of Biochemical Recurrence With Adverse Late Toxic Events Following Prostate Radiation Therapy (COBALT Study): An Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis of 7 Randomized Trials.

International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics · 2026 · PMID 41663033

Rank107.5

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: benefit

Clinical Benefit and Safety of Combined Immunotherapy and Targeted Therapy in Prostate Cancer.

International journal of cancer · 2026 · PMID 42017392

Rank107.2

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Androgen Receptor Pathway Inhibitors for Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer Outside of Randomized Controlled Trials: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prognostic Factors in Real-World Analyses.

Clinical genitourinary cancer · 2026 · PMID 42191465

We aimed to analyze prognostic factors for overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in real-world patients treated with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) combined with androgen receptor pathway inhibitors (ARPI) for metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). A systematic literature search was conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science in October 2025. Eligible studies examined prognostic factors for OS or PFS in patients with mHSPC receiving ARPI plus ADT using real-world data. To…

Rank106.8

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Time to subsequent therapy (TTST) as an endpoint in clinical studies: development of standardized documentation of subsequent therapy through systematic literature review, expert interviews, and Delphi survey.

Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2026 · PMID 42742636

Rank106.6

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: null

PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone for ARPI-pretreated and chemotherapy-naive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: a pooled analysis of KEYNOTE-921 and CheckMate 7DX trials.

International urology and nephrology · 2026 · PMID 41741934

BACKGROUND: The optimal treatment strategy for androgen receptor pathway inhibitor (ARPI)-pretreated and chemotherapy-naïve metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) remains unclear. Chemotherapy has limited efficacy as a monotherapy in unselected mCRPC patients. In contrast, the addition of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors to chemotherapy (Chemo-IO) may enhance antitumor activity. We conducted a meta-analysis using data from phase 3 randomized controlled trials (RCTs), with the objective of assessing the compar…

Rank106.4

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: benefit

The impact of prehabilitation on postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026 · PMID 42736496

Rank106.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Artificial intelligence in genitourinary oncology: publication trends and systematic review.

BJU international · 2026 · PMID 42360093

Rank105.8

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: null

Subcapsular versus total orchiectomy in advanced prostate cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical and patient-reported outcomes.

Urologic oncology · 2026 · PMID 42364308

Rank105.0

Systematic review or meta-analysis

The role of stereotactic radiosurgery for prostate cancer spine metastasis - impact on hormone sensitivity and treatment outcomes: a systematic review of literature.

Neurosurgical review · 2026 · PMID 42678449

Rank103.5

Systematic review or meta-analysisResult signal: benefitCorrection flagged

Metastasis-directed therapy and standard of care versus standard of care for oligometastatic prostate cancer (WOLVERINE): a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis from the X-MET collaboration.

The Lancet. Oncology · 2026 · PMID 41643695

Rank102.8

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Benefits and harms of antiresorptive therapy in men with non-metastatic prostate cancer on androgen deprivation therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Metabolism: clinical and experimental · 2026 · PMID 42263846

BACKGROUND: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is used as an adjuvant treatment in men with prostate cancer. It is associated with bone loss and increased fracture risk. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we evaluated the effects of antiresorptives on bone health in men with non-metastatic prostate cancer (nmPCa) on ADT. METHODS: We searched four databases until October 14th 2024 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of antiresorptives in men with non-metastatic prostate cancer on ADT. FINDINGS: We incl…

Rank102.4

Systematic review or meta-analysis

Different Acupuncture Combined With Three-Step Analgesic Therapy in the Treatment of Bone Metastatic Cancer Pain: A Network Meta-Analysis Based on Randomized Controlled Trials.

Rank97.4

Randomized controlled trialResult signal: benefit

High-dose radiotherapy in patients with high-risk prostate cancers treated with long-term androgen deprivation therapy (GETUG AFU 18): a randomised, phase 3 trial.

The Lancet. Oncology · 2026 · PMID 42636837

Health-related Quality of Life Outcomes of Salvage Metastasis-directed Treatment Versus Elective Nodal Treatment for Oligorecurrent Nodal Prostate Cancer: A Secondary Analysis of the Phase 2, Open-label PEACE V-STORM Randomized Trial.

European urology oncology · 2026 · PMID 41565552

Rank89.4

Randomized clinical study

Perioperative propranolol during robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy: A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, pilot trial (PeP-RALP).

BJUI compass · 2026 · PMID 42662047

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the feasibility and safety of administering perioperative propranolol, as an adjunct to reduce prostate cancer recurrence, in patients undergoing robotic-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP) for European Association of Urology (EAU) intermediate- or high-risk prostate cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Treatment-naïve men aged 40-80 years with EAU intermediate- or high-risk prostate cancer scheduled for RALP were enrolled in this single-centre, randomised, double-blind, pla…

Rank85.0

Randomized clinical studyResult signal: harm

Ultrahypofractionation of localized prostate cancer-an updated statement of the prostate cancer working group of the German Society of Radiation Oncology (DEGRO).

Strahlentherapie und Onkologie : Organ der Deutschen Rontgengesellschaft ... [et al] · 2026 · PMID 42432214

BACKGROUND: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy among men in Germany. Radiation therapy is a standard treatment for localized PCa. Ultrahypofractionation (UHF) delivers high doses in fewer fractions, thus offering a time-efficient option compared to traditional standard fractionation lasting for 7-8 weeks. The German Society of Radiation Oncology (DEGRO) expert panel statement provides an updated evaluation of randomized trials with at least 5 years of follow-up. METHODS: The members o…

Rank85.0

Randomized clinical study

Pelvic lymph node dissection in prostate cancer: current evidence, controversies, and future directions.

Annals of medicine · 2026 · PMID 41999318

BACKGROUND: Pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) remains controversial in the management of prostate cancer. Although it provides the most accurate pathological staging, its therapeutic value beyond staging has long been debated due to conflicting evidence and concerns regarding procedure-related morbidity. OBJECTIVE: To critically evaluate the contemporary role of PLND, particularly extended pelvic lymph node dissection (ePLND), in prostate cancer management in the context of modern imaging, risk stratification too…

Rank83.4

Phase II clinical trial

Consolidative therapy for PSMA-avid lesions after 3 cycles of apalutamide plus androgen deprivation in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer: A prospective phase 2 single-arm trial.

European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2026 · PMID 42252348

Rank79.0

Randomized clinical study

Re: Robert M. Meier, Nima Aghdam, Alan C. Beckman, et al. 10-yr Survival and Toxicity Outcomes of Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer: A Nonrandomized Clinical Trial. Eur Urol. In press. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2026.04.029.

European urology · 2026 · PMID 42680649

Rank76.1

Multicenter clinical study

Real-World Outcomes of Olaparib in Japanese Patients With BRCA-Mutated Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: Exploratory Analysis of BRCA2 Loss and Microsatellite Instability Status.

International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association · 2026 · PMID 42661511

OBJECTIVES: Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer has a poor prognosis. Although olaparib has demonstrated efficacy in patients with BRCA1/2 mutations, real-world data in Japanese patients remain limited. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of olaparib in patients with BRCA-mutated metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer and explore the association of BRCA2 loss and microsatellite instability status with treatment outcomes. METHODS: We conducted a multicenter retrospective study of 34 pat…

Treatments That Failed Clinical Trials62 records

Rank99.7

Randomized controlled trial

On-treatment serum prostate-specific antigen and overall survival in prostate cancer (STAMPEDE platform protocol): a post-hoc analysis of data from five phase 3 trials.

The Lancet. Oncology · 2026 · PMID 42061373

BACKGROUND: Serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) concentrations decrease after hormone therapy for prostate cancer, with the nadir serving as a potentially useful prognostic biomarker. To support clinical use, we evaluated the association between PSA nadir values and survival outcomes, stratified by pre-treatment metastatic volume or, in patients with non-metastatic cancer, stratified by lymph node status. METHODS: As part of the STAMPEDE platform trial, patients with metastatic or very high-risk non-metastatic pr…

Rank99.3

Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

Efficacy and Safety of Enzalutamide and Abiraterone in CRPC Patients With a History of Other Cancers: A Sub-Analysis of the ENABLE Study for PCa.

International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association · 2026 · PMID 42161369

OBJECTIVES: The ENABLE study, an investigator-initiated, multicenter, randomized controlled trial, demonstrated comparable survival benefits between enzalutamide (ENZ) and abiraterone plus prednisolone (ABI) for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Because randomized controlled trials typically exclude patients with a history of other cancers (HOCs), we evaluated the efficacy of these agents in this population. METHODS: This sub-analysis was conducted as a post hoc analysis using data from the ENABLE study.…

Rank99.2

Randomized controlled trial

A Phase 2, Randomized, Controlled Trial of Best Systemic Therapy Versus Best Systemic Therapy with Definitive Treatment of the Primary Tumor in Metastatic Prostate Cancer.

European urology · 2026 · PMID 41833492

Rank99.1

Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

Cabazitaxel Versus Abiraterone or Enzalutamide for Poor-prognosis Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer After Docetaxel: A Phase 2 Trial with a Circulating Tumor DNA Analysis.

European urology oncology · 2026 · PMID 41033927

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Whether cabazitaxel or an androgen receptor pathway inhibitor (ARPI) is the optimal treatment option for poor-prognosis metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), progressing on docetaxel, remains unclear. There are limited prospective data supporting a preference for one of these treatments and few candidate biomarkers to inform individual patient management. This study aims to compare the clinical efficacy of cabazitaxel versus ARPIs in patients with poor-prognosis mCRPC wh…

Rank98.9

Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

European urology oncology · 2026 · PMID 41862335

Rank98.4

Randomized controlled trial

Long-term outcomes of cribriform-positive and cribriform-negative prostate cancer treated with radical prostatectomy in the ProtecT trial.

BJU international · 2026 · PMID 41896701

OBJECTIVES: To retrospectively analyse the results of the Prostate Testing for Cancer and Treatment (ProtecT; ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02044172) trial to establish the association between cribriform-positive and -negative prostate cancer (PCa) and the 15-year risk of metastasis or death from PCa in patients who underwent radical prostatectomy (RP). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between 1999 and 2009, the ProtecT phase 3 clinical trial enrolled 1643 men with clinically localised PCa who were randomised to receive a…

Rank98.2

Randomized controlled trialResult signal: benefit

We report long-term outcomes from the phase 3 SAKK 09/10 trial that randomly assigned men with biochemical progression after radical prostatectomy to conventional-dose (64 Gy) or dose-intensified (70 Gy) salvage radiotherapy (SRT) to the prostate bed without hormonal therapy. The primary endpoint was freedom from biochemical progression (FFBP). Secondary endpoints included clinical progression-free survival (PFS), time to hormonal treatment, overall survival (OS), and late toxicity. Between February 2011 and April …

Rank97.0

Randomized controlled trial

Biochemical Recurrence Irradiation or Observation (BRIO) in patients with prostate cancer: protocol for a randomised control trial.

BJU international · 2026 · PMID 42117295

Rank97.0

Randomized controlled trial

Effect of [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET-CT in the diagnosis of prostate cancer in men with equivocal or clinically high-risk non-suspicious findings on multiparametric MRI (PRIMARY2): a multicentre, non-inferiority, phase 3, randomised controlled trial.

The Lancet. Oncology · 2026 · PMID 42269655

Rank97.0

Randomized controlled trial

Baseline Nodal Status on 68Ga-PSMA-11 Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography in Men with Intermediate- to High-risk Prostate Cancer Is Prognostic for Treatment Failure: Follow-up of the proPSMA Trial.

European urology oncology · 2026 · PMID 39613566

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: There is uncertainty regarding the clinical significance of 68Ga-PSMA-11 positron emission tomography (PET) computed tomography (CT) findings in men with prostate cancer. In this prespecified objective of the proPSMA study, we report the prognostic value of PET-defined nodal involvement. METHODS: Men with intermediate- to high-risk prostate cancer (grade group 3-5, prostate-specific antigen [PSA] ≥20 ng/ml, or clinical stage ≥T3) underwent 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET-CT or CT and bone scanning as fir…

Rank96.9

Randomized controlled trial

Evaluating a Tailored Web-Based eHealth Intervention for Symptom Management in Couples Managing Prostate Cancer During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Randomized Clinical Trial.

Journal of medical Internet research · 2026 · PMID 42430132

BACKGROUND: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common nonskin cancer among men. Although treatments achieve excellent survival for localized PCa, long-lasting complications significantly diminish patients' quality of life (QOL) across physical, sexual, psychosocial, and general symptom domains. Because these effects also profoundly impact intimate partners, often reducing partners' QOL as much as or more than patients' QOL, supportive care must address the needs of both members of the couple. OBJECTIVE: This study e…

Rank96.7

Randomized controlled trialResult signal: null

Two Versus Five-Fraction Magnetic Resonance-Guided Adaptive Radiotherapy with DOminant-TArgeted Boost in Localized Prostate Cancer (DOTA-2): Interim Acute Toxicity Analysis of the Phase II Randomised Trial.

Clinical oncology (Royal College of Radiologists (Great Britain)) · 2026 · PMID 41548387

AIMS: DOminant-TArgeted Boost in Localized Prostate Cancer (DOTA-2) is a phase II randomised controlled trial comparing two ultra-hypofractionated radiotherapy with dominant intraprostatic lesion (DIL) boost: 26 Gy/2F, 32 Gy to DIL vs 36.25 Gy/5F, 40 Gy to DIL, without androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), for prostate cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients with low- to favourable-intermediate-risk prostate cancer were randomly assigned to receive either 2 fractions or 5 fractions. Magnetic resonance-guided adaptive…

Rank96.7

Randomized controlled trial

PSMA-Directed PET/MRI Enables Noninvasive Diagnosis and Prognosis in Patients with Increased PSA Levels: Results from the Prospective Randomized RAPID Trial.

Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine · 2026 · PMID 41266255

Systematic transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy lacks accuracy in the primary diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa) and causes side effects. We investigated prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted PET/MRI as a less-invasive alternative for biopsy guidance and risk assessment. Methods: The RAPID study was a randomized, controlled, single-center, open-label phase 3 trial comparing the diagnostic efficacy of 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/MRI with systematic transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy. In total, 220 men w…

Research information notice

Alexandria organizes PubMed-indexed literature. PubMed inclusion does not establish accuracy, endorsement, clinical applicability, or treatment suitability. Automated extraction can contain errors or omissions. This page is not medical advice.